JP4544523B2 - Electromagnetic wave absorption panel - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave absorption panel used for building walls, ceilings, and the like in order to suppress radio wave interference, and is configured using a so-called general building material whose relative dielectric constant varies depending on the moisture content in the material. The present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave absorption panel.

Conventionally, an electromagnetic wave absorption panel that absorbs electromagnetic waves used for wireless communication and suppresses radio interference is known. As this type of electromagnetic wave absorption panel, those using a ferrite material layer and those having a resistive film embedded in a dielectric material layer have been used, but these electromagnetic wave absorption panels are expensive, Care was also required for handling.
Therefore, the present applicant has proposed the electromagnetic wave absorption panel of Patent Document 1 using a general building material such as a calcium silicate board, a mortar board, or a gypsum board. The electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 includes a radio wave matching layer 12 and an electromagnetic wave reflection layer 14. The radio wave matching layer 12 includes a first dielectric layer 1202, a second dielectric layer 1204, and a third dielectric layer 1206. The second dielectric layer 1204 is composed of a low dielectric constant material having a relative dielectric constant of approximately 1, and the first and third dielectric layers 1202 and 1206 have a relative dielectric constant higher than that of a conventional low dielectric constant material. It is comprised from a general building material, for example, a calcium silicate board, a mortar board, and a gypsum board, and the electromagnetic wave reflection layer 14 is comprised, for example with metal foil.
JP 2003-283180 A

  However, in the electromagnetic wave absorption panel using the general building material of Patent Document 1, the relative dielectric constants of the first and third dielectric layers 1202 and 1206 vary depending on the moisture content in the material, and the electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics vary. For this reason, the second dielectric layer 1204 is made of a material having a low moisture absorption / release property, the moisture permeation preventing material 16 is provided between the layers, the entire layer is covered with a waterproof film 18 and sealed. For this reason, there has been a problem that the number of constituent materials is increased, the design, performance verification and manufacturing are complicated, and the cost is increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its purpose is to include the water content of the first and third dielectric layers 1202 and 1206 without using the moisture permeation preventive material or the waterproof film as described above. An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic wave absorption panel using general building materials that exhibits good radio wave absorption performance even when the rate fluctuates.

In order to achieve the above object, an electromagnetic wave absorption panel of the present invention includes a first dielectric layer having a thickness d1 formed of a first dielectric material having a relative dielectric constant that varies depending on a moisture content in the material, A second dielectric layer having a thickness d2 having a second dielectric constant having a relative dielectric constant of approximately 1 is stacked on the back surface of the first dielectric, and is stacked on the back surface of the second dielectric layer. Is laminated on the back surface of the third dielectric layer with a third dielectric layer of thickness d3 formed of a third dielectric material that varies according to the moisture content in the material, and the first, second and An electromagnetic wave absorption panel comprising a reflection layer that reflects electromagnetic waves incident through the third dielectric layer, wherein the thickness d1 is a thickness necessary for maintaining the strength of the first dielectric layer It is comprised by the thickness below 85% of the said thickness d3 above.

The electromagnetic wave absorption panel of the present invention includes a first dielectric layer having a thickness d1 formed of a first dielectric material whose relative dielectric constant varies depending on a moisture content in the material, and the first dielectric material. And a second dielectric layer having a thickness d2 having a second dielectric constant of approximately 1 and a dielectric constant of water content in the material. A third dielectric layer having a thickness d3 formed of a third dielectric material that varies in accordance with a rate; and a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, and a third dielectric layer laminated on a back surface of the third dielectric layer. An electromagnetic wave absorption panel configured to reflect an electromagnetic wave incident thereon, wherein the thickness d1 is equal to or greater than a thickness necessary for maintaining the strength of the first dielectric layer, and The thickness d1, d2, and d3 are 45% or less of the total value of the thicknesses d1, d2, and d3.

According to the electromagnetic wave absorbing panel of the present invention, the thickness d1 of the first dielectric layer is not less than a thickness necessary for maintaining the strength of the first dielectric layer, and the third dielectric layer. The thickness d3 is 85% or less of the thickness d3.
When the electromagnetic wave absorption panel is configured in this manner, the required electromagnetic wave absorption performance can be maintained even when the moisture content of the first and third dielectric layers varies in a normal installation environment, for example, an indoor environment. . Therefore, it is possible to provide an electromagnetic wave absorption panel having good radio wave absorption performance without using a conventional moisture permeation preventing material or a waterproof film.
When the thickness d1 of the first dielectric layer exceeds 85% of the thickness d3 of the third dielectric layer, the variation in the moisture content of the first and third dielectric layers increases, and the ratio between these ratios The variation of the dielectric constant also increases, and the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the desired frequency of the desired electromagnetic wave absorbing panel is lowered.

According to the electromagnetic wave absorbing panel of the present invention, the thickness d1 of the first dielectric layer is not less than a thickness necessary for maintaining the strength of the first dielectric layer, and the first, The second and third dielectric layers have a thickness of 45% or less of the total value of the thicknesses d1, d2 and d3.
When the electromagnetic wave absorption panel is configured in this manner, the required electromagnetic wave absorption performance can be maintained even when the moisture content of the first and third dielectric layers varies in a normal installation environment, for example, an indoor environment. . Therefore, it is possible to provide an electromagnetic wave absorption panel having good radio wave absorption performance without using a conventional moisture permeation preventing material or a waterproof film.
When the thickness d1 of the first dielectric layer exceeds 45% or less of the total value of the thicknesses d1, d2 and d3 of the first, second and third dielectric layers, the first and third dielectric layers The fluctuation of the moisture content of the body layer is increased, the fluctuation of the relative dielectric constant is also increased, and the absorption performance of the desired electromagnetic wave of the desired electromagnetic wave absorbing panel is lowered.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 is configured by laminating a first dielectric layer 12, a second dielectric layer 14, a third dielectric layer 16, and an electromagnetic wave reflection layer 20.
The first dielectric layer 14 is composed of a plate material having a thickness d1 formed of a first dielectric material. The third dielectric layer 16 is composed of a plate material having a thickness d3 formed of a third dielectric material.
A spacer material 14 </ b> A is interposed between the first dielectric layer 12 and the third dielectric material 16. The spacer material 14A defines an air region 14B having a thickness d2 between the back surface of the first dielectric layer 12 and the front surface of the third dielectric layer 16, and the first dielectric layer 12 and the third dielectric material. The material 16 is held parallel to each other. The spacer material 14 </ b> A and the region 14 </ b> B constitute the second dielectric layer 14.

  The electromagnetic wave reflection layer 20 is provided on the back surface of the third dielectric material 16, and reflects the electromagnetic waves incident through the first dielectric layer 12, the second dielectric layer 14, and the third dielectric layer 16 and electromagnetically reflects them. It is made of a material that can serve as a shield. As the material, for example, various materials including a metal plate, a metal foil, a metal mesh, a conductive plastic plate, a coating film of a conductive paint, and the like can be used.

The radio wave incident on the electromagnetic wave absorbing panel 10 from the back side (right side in FIG. 2) is reflected back by the electromagnetic wave reflecting material 20, and the reflection loss at that time is slight.
On the other hand, radio waves incident from the front side (left side as viewed in FIG. 2) are reflected by the first dielectric layer 12 and the third dielectric layer 16, and the radio waves reflected back later are interfered with the incident radio waves. Attenuated with considerable reflection loss. The value of the reflection loss differs depending on the frequency of the radio wave, that is, has a frequency dependency, which will be described in detail later.

As the first dielectric material forming the first dielectric layer 12 and the third dielectric material forming the third dielectric material 16, it is desirable to use materials that are easily available and inexpensive, and further excellent in workability. It is desirable that Suitable materials that satisfy these conditions include, for example, building materials containing an inorganic binder as a main material, and specifically, calcium silicate plates are preferred materials.
Cement boards, mortar boards, fiber cement boards, and plate-like building materials such as cement mortar boards such as fiber mortar boards are also preferable materials, and flexible boards, which are a kind of fiber cement boards, are excellent in workability. It is a particularly suitable material in terms. It can also be used for electromagnetic wave absorbing panels for wall surfaces, but as a material suitable for use particularly for electromagnetic wave absorbing panels for ceilings, gypsum board and rock wool molded board (rock wool sound absorbing board, rock wool thermal insulation board) , Etc.) and other interior building materials.
In addition, as suitable materials that have both appearance and decorative properties, various ceramics plate-like materials such as interior tiles such as unglazed tiles, ceramic tiles, porcelain tiles, and interior bricks such as terracotta are used. is there. Also, as materials having excellent appearance and decorative properties, various glass interior materials such as glass tiles and interior plate glass and various plastic interior materials such as artificial marble can be used.

  The electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel according to the present invention will be described in detail later. In practicing the present invention, the material of the first dielectric layer 12 and the third dielectric material 16 is a value of relative dielectric constant. It is not necessary to use an expensive material such as ITO or BST having a dielectric constant of 100 or more, a suitable result can be obtained by using a dielectric material having a relative dielectric constant of 2 to 50, and It is also possible to obtain good results using a dielectric material with a rate value of 2-15.

The illustrated spacer material 14A is a plastic frame-like body (lattice-like body), but it can be in various forms other than this. The spacer material 14A is configured such that the characteristic impedance of the second dielectric layer 14 is substantially equal to the characteristic impedance (377Ω) of free space.
The second dielectric layer 14 is mostly composed of air, and the characteristic impedance of air is substantially equal to the characteristic impedance of free space. Moreover, since the material of the spacer material 14A is a plastic material that does not significantly affect the characteristic impedance of the second layer 14, the characteristic impedance of the second dielectric layer 14 is substantially equal to the characteristic impedance of free space. .

The shape of the spacer material 14 </ b> A may be a bar shape, or a large number of pieces may be arranged between the first dielectric layer 12 and the third dielectric layer 16 to form a spacer material. . Also in those cases, the characteristic impedance of the second dielectric layer 14 can be made substantially equal to the characteristic impedance of the free space by sufficiently reducing the volume ratio of the spacer material 14A to the second dielectric layer 14. it can.
When the spacer material 14A is made of a metal material, it has a relatively large influence on the characteristic impedance of the second layer 14, and therefore, it is not preferable to use a metal material. Since the strength is high, the proportion of the volume of the spacer material in the second dielectric layer 14 may be extremely small. If this is possible, the use of a metal material is not excluded. .
In addition to the plastic material, there are a number of known materials that have a relatively small influence on the characteristic impedance, and these materials are suitable for the spacer material 14A.

  As another suitable form of the spacer material 14A, a plate material formed of a foam material such as a urethane foam plate or a polystyrene foam plate may be used. In this case, the characteristic impedance of the second dielectric layer 14 can be made substantially equal to the characteristic impedance of the free space by sufficiently increasing the porosity of the foamed material. A foamed urethane plate and a foamed polystyrene plate are general building materials, are easy to obtain, are inexpensive, and particularly excellent in workability, and are very preferable as the material of the spacer material 14A.

FIG. 3 is a modification of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel.
The electromagnetic wave absorbing panel 100 according to the modified example has a third dielectric layer 16, a second dielectric layer 14, and a first dielectric layer 12 on the back side of the electromagnetic wave reflecting layer 20 of the electromagnetic wave absorbing panel 10 shown in FIGS. Is a double-sided electromagnetic wave absorption panel in which electromagnetic waves incident from either side of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 100 are attenuated and reflected.
In addition, the same reference number is attached | subjected to the structure same as each component of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 shown by FIG. 1 and FIG.

  The electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is suitable mainly for use on a wall surface or ceiling surrounding an operation space such as a wireless LAN system. On the other hand, the double-sided electromagnetic wave absorption panel 100 of the modification shown in FIG. 3 divides spaces adjacent to each other where the wireless LAN system is individually operated, for example. It is suitable for use to prevent interference.

As described above, the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 provides an electromagnetic shielding function and a function of attenuating a radio wave incident and reflected from the front side, and the electromagnetic wave absorption capability has frequency dependence. Is. In the present invention, the frequency dependency is appropriately set so that the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 has a desired absorption frequency characteristic.
The thickness of the electromagnetic wave The factors that determine the absorption frequency characteristics of the absorbent panel 10, the dielectric constant epsilon ₁ of the first dielectric layer _12, the dielectric constant of the third dielectric layer 16 epsilon _3, first dielectric layer 12 d1, the thickness d2 of the second dielectric layer 14, there is a thickness d3 of the third dielectric layer 16, further, the characteristic impedance Zc ₂ of the second dielectric layer 14 is relatively large polarization from the characteristic impedance of free space In the case where the second dielectric layer 14 is positioned, the characteristic impedance Zc ₂ or the relative dielectric constant ε _{2 of} the second dielectric layer 14 is also taken into consideration.
Hereinafter, how the absorption frequency characteristic of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 is determined by these factors will be described.

In the following description, the first dielectric layer 12, the second dielectric layer 14, and the third dielectric layer 16 are also simply referred to as the first layer 12, the second layer 14, and the third layer 16, respectively. In addition, the characteristic impedance of free space is represented by Z ₀ , the incident angle of the radio wave with respect to the surface (front surface) of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 is represented by θ, and the wavelength of the radio wave is represented by λ.

As described above, the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 includes the first layer 12, the second layer 14, and the second layer in order from the incident side of the radio wave, and the characteristic impedance of each of these layers taking into account the incident angle θ. Are represented by Zc ₁ (θ), Zc _m (θ), and Zc ₂ (θ), respectively (as described above, the characteristic impedance of the second layer 14 is approximately equal to the characteristic impedance Z ₀ of the free space. Therefore, Zc _m (0) ≈Z ₀ ). The values of the characteristic impedances Zc ₁ (θ), Zc _m (θ), and Zc ₂ (θ) as a function of the incident angle θ are the relative dielectric constant values ε ₁ , ε ₂ , ε _{3 of} each layer, and the free space It can be obtained from the characteristic impedance value Z _0, and is expressed by the following formula 1 when the incident radio wave is a TE wave, and is expressed by the following formula 2 when the incident radio wave is a TM wave.

Further, the propagation constants of the first layer 12, the second layer 14, and the third layer 16 taking into consideration the incident angle θ are γ ₁ (λ, θ), γ ₂ (λ, θ), γ ₃ (λ, θ). ). The values of these propagation constants are a function of the frequency of the incident radio wave as well as a function of the incident angle θ, and are represented here as functions of the wavelength λ and the incident angle θ of the incident radio wave. The values of γ ₁ (λ, θ), γ ₂ (λ, θ), and γ ₃ (λ, θ) are expressed by the following Equation 3.

In the above, in order to obtain the reflection loss of the electromagnetic wave absorbing panel 10, first, the back impedance Z ₁ (λ, θ) when the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorbing panel 10, that is, the front surface of the first layer 12 is regarded as the boundary surface, is first described. Find the value. The value of the back impedance is a function of the frequency of the incident radio wave and the incident angle θ, and is expressed here as a function of the wavelength λ and the incident angle θ.
The values of the back impedance Z1 (λ, θ) are the values of the characteristic impedances Zc ₁ (θ), Zc ₂ (θ), Zc ₃ (θ) of each layer described above, and the propagation constants γ ₁ (λ, θ), From the values of γ ₂ (λ, θ) and γ ₃ (λ, θ) and the values of the thicknesses d1, d2, and d3, they can be obtained according to the following equations 4, 5, and 6.
In these equations, Z ₂ (λ, θ) is the value of the back impedance of the boundary surface between the first layer 12 and the second layer 14 (that is, the back surface of the first layer 12), and Z ₃ (λ, θ) ) Is the value of the back impedance of the boundary surface between the second layer 14 and the third layer 16 (that is, the front surface of the third layer 16).

The reflection loss of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 can be obtained from the value of the back surface impedance Z ₁ (λ, θ) of the surface of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 expressed by Equation 6, and the reflection loss Ste when the incident radio wave is a TE wave. (λ, θ) is expressed by the following formula 7, and reflection loss Stm (λ, θ) in the case of the TM wave is expressed by the following formula 8.

  A typical application of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel according to the present invention is that, for example, in a single office space where many people work, a personal computer, a server, a shared printer, and other devices used by each person are mutually connected. When operating a wireless LAN system to be connected, the wall and ceiling of the office space are covered with an electromagnetic wave absorbing panel so that the radio waves transmitted from the large number of devices do not generate EMI. In such a case, the incident angle of the radio wave incident on the electromagnetic wave absorption panel is not constant, and the radio wave is incident at various incident angles from various directions. Considering the angle is not significant, and the influence of the reflection of the radio wave appears strongly when the radio wave is incident at an angle close to the vertical. Therefore, θ = 0 in Equation 7 and Equation 8. be able to. In that case, the reflection loss S (θ) of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel is expressed by the following formula 9.

The above analysis regarding the absorption frequency characteristics of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 is carried out by comparing the relative permittivity ε ₁ of the first layer 12, the relative permittivity ε ₃ of the _third layer, the thickness d1 of the first layer, and the thickness d2 of the second layer. FIG. 4 shows what absorption frequency characteristic the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 exhibits when the thickness d3 of the third layer is already determined.
In the present invention, this and conversely, to be able to provide the desired absorption frequency characteristic electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10, the dielectric constant epsilon ₁ of the first layer _12, the dielectric constant of the second layer epsilon ₂ The relative dielectric constant ε ₃ of the third layer 16, the thickness d 1 of the first layer 12, the thickness d 2 of the second layer 14, and the thickness d 3 of the third layer 16 are appropriately determined. This is done according to the following method.

First, the first dielectric material for forming the first layer 12 is selected, the relative dielectric constant ε ₁ of the first dielectric material is obtained, and the third dielectric material for forming the third layer 16 is selected. Then, the relative dielectric constant ε ₃ of the third dielectric material is obtained. The first dielectric material and the second dielectric material may be the same material or different materials.
However, if they are made of the same material, when the electromagnetic wave absorption panel formed in a fixed size is cut according to the dimensions of the installation location, there is an advantage that the processing is easy. This is because if the materials of the two are greatly different, the cutting tool may not be able to cope well. In addition, when these materials are general and data indicating their relative permittivity already exists, the relative permittivity can be obtained by referring to the data. When such data is not available, the relative dielectric constant may be obtained by measurement using a known dielectric constant measurement method.

Then, the absorption frequency characteristics of the electromagnetic wave absorbing panel, a first relative permittivity epsilon _1, a third relative permittivity epsilon _3, the thickness d1, a thickness d2, by calculation based on the thickness d3 calculate. At this time, if it can be considered that the incident angle of the radio wave is perpendicular to the electromagnetic wave absorption panel according to the situation in which the electromagnetic wave absorption panel is used, the calculation is performed using the above-described Expression 9. On the other hand, if it is considered appropriate to consider the obliquely incident radio waves, the above formulas 7 to 8 are used.

Next, it is determined whether or not the calculated absorption frequency characteristic satisfies a condition that it has a peak that covers a desired frequency band (hereinafter referred to as a frequency characteristic condition).
The electromagnetic wave absorption panel according to the present invention is a general building material whose main material is an inorganic binder such as a calcium silicate plate or a mortar plate, as exemplified later as examples, In addition, when the thickness d1 of the first layer 12, the thickness d2 of the second layer 14, and the thickness d3 of the third layer 16 are values in the range of 3 mm to 45 mm, the absorption frequency characteristics are 1 GHz to 10 GHz. It can be designed to have multiple peaks in the frequency domain. The positions of these peaks change according to the values of the three thicknesses d1, d2, and d3. Therefore, when the calculated absorption frequency characteristic does not satisfy the above-described frequency characteristic condition, the above-mentioned calculation is repeated by changing the values of the three thicknesses d1, d2, and d3, thereby A combination (d1, d2, d3) of three thicknesses d1, d2, and d3 satisfying the frequency characteristic condition is obtained.

Furthermore, the combination of the three thickness values to be obtained (d1, d2, d3) must satisfy the strength condition and the dimensional condition in addition to satisfying the frequency characteristic condition.
The strength condition here means the minimum thickness (material strength and spacer material 14A required for the thickness d1 of the first layer 12 and the thickness d3 of the third layer 16 to have a practically sufficient strength. This is a condition that it must be greater than or equal to, for example, about 3 mm, depending on the form.
Further, the dimensional condition is that the thickness of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 when finally completed is a maximum thickness that can be practically allowed (a thickness that can be arbitrarily set by the designer of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel). For example, about 90 mm, preferably about 45 mm) or less.
A combination of three thickness values (d1, d2, d3) satisfying all of these frequency characteristic conditions, intensity conditions, and dimensional conditions can usually be found, and a comprehensive judgment can be made from them. Select the combination that seems to be optimal.

Further, the desired frequency band in the frequency characteristic condition is determined according to the specific purpose of use of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel. For example, if an electromagnetic wave absorption panel is equipped on the wall and ceiling of an office in order to ensure the communication quality of an in-house PHS system, the peak of the absorption frequency characteristic (if there are multiple peaks, one of them is ) It should be in a position that can cover 1.88 to 1.92 GHz which is a frequency band of PHS.
Here, the fact that the peak covers the frequency band means that the presence of the peak causes the loss reflection value to exceed the target level over the entire frequency band to be covered.
The target level of loss reflection is determined according to the required communication quality. Conventionally, 20 dB is often set as a target level for loss reflection. However, in recent years, the performance level of communication equipment has improved, and a target level for loss reflection of about 6 dB may be sufficient. The electromagnetic wave absorption panel according to the present invention can easily achieve the target level even when the target level of loss reflection is set to 15 dB, which is sufficiently higher than 6 dB.

As another specific example of the purpose of use of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel, for example, if the electromagnetic wave absorption panel is equipped on the wall and ceiling of the office in order to ensure the communication quality of the wireless LAN system, the peak of the absorption frequency characteristic is The wireless LAN frequency band should be covered.
Two frequency bands, 2.4 to 2.5 GHz and 5.15 to 5.25 GHz, are assigned as frequency bands of the wireless LAN. Therefore, the absorption frequency characteristic of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel has at least two peaks, one of them covers a frequency band of 2.4 to 2.5 GHz, and the other peak is 5.15 to 5 If the frequency band of .25 GHz is covered, an electromagnetic wave absorption panel corresponding to both frequency bands can be configured.
For that purpose, it is determined whether or not the calculated absorption frequency characteristic satisfies the condition that it has two peaks each covering the two desired frequency bands. By repeating the calculation while changing the values of d1, d2, and d3, a combination of these three thickness values (d1, d2, d3) that satisfies this condition is obtained, and the combination of the values thus obtained is used. Thus, an electromagnetic wave absorbing panel may be manufactured.
According to the electromagnetic wave absorption panel according to the present invention, a combination (d1, d2, d3) of values satisfying such an absorption frequency characteristic condition is obtained.

As yet another example, in order to be able to support both the in-house PHS system and the wireless LAN system, the absorption frequency characteristic of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel has at least three peaks, and these peaks are one frequency of PHS. It is only necessary to cover the band and the two frequency bands of the wireless LAN.
However, finding a combination of three thickness values (d1, d2, d3) that satisfies this condition is more difficult than when only one or two frequency bands need to be covered. Will increase.

  Therefore, in order to find an appropriate combination of values (d1, d2, d3) that satisfies this condition, the range of each value (a range that can be arbitrarily set by the designer of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel, for example, 5 mm to About 40 mm) and an increment of each value (for example, 1 mm), and after comprehensively calculating each absorption frequency characteristic obtained by a combination of all values within the range, the calculated absorption frequency characteristics It is better to create a computer program that performs the evaluation and let the computer perform the calculation process.

  If the combination of three thickness values (d1, d2, d3) satisfying the above-described conditions is obtained, the first layer 12 is formed to the thickness d1 according to the obtained values, and the third layer 16 is formed. By forming a thickness d3 and interposing a spacer material 14A between them, the second layer 14 is defined to a thickness d2, and the first layer 12 and the third layer 16 are held parallel to each other, Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave absorbing panel 10 is manufactured by providing the electromagnetic wave reflecting material 20 on the back surface of the third layer 16.

Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 manufactured as described above can further improve the absorption frequency characteristics by considering the following points.
First, the position of the peak in the absorption frequency characteristic calculated in the process of manufacturing the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 (hereinafter referred to as a calculated peak) and the peak in the absorption frequency characteristic of the actually manufactured electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 (hereinafter referred to as the actual peak). )) Is reduced.
Second, the fluctuation of the actual peak position that occurs during use of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 is reduced.
Thirdly, a condition is found in which the absorption frequency characteristic does not deteriorate greatly due to fluctuations in moisture content. The present invention pays particular attention to the thicknesses d1 and d3 of the first layer 12 and the third layer 16 as this condition.

  If the slope of the actual peak covering the desired frequency band is made gentle and the shape of the actual peak is made "wide", a wide area can be covered with sufficient margin on both sides of the desired frequency band. Therefore, it is not necessary to deal with the shift and fluctuation of the peak position. However, the peak of such a shape decreases in height, resulting in a decrease in reflection loss level. On the other hand, if the shift and fluctuation of the peak position are suppressed, the desired frequency band can be covered by the steeper and narrower peak, so the peak height is increased and absorption is improved. Ability can be increased.

The largest factor that causes the peak position shift between the actual peak and the calculated peak is the characteristic impedance of the second layer 14. In the method exemplified above, when the calculated peak position is obtained, the peak position is obtained on the assumption that the characteristic impedance of the second layer 14 is completely equal to the impedance of the free space. Since the characteristic impedance of the second layer 14 is slightly deviated from the characteristic impedance of the free space, the actual peak position deviates from the calculated peak position.
In order to reduce the deviation of the peak position, the value of the characteristic impedance of the second layer 14 that is actually defined by the spacer material 14A is obtained in advance by measurement or the like, and the value of the obtained characteristic impedance is used. the value of Zc 2 _(theta) in equations 1 and 2 may be added to the correction. As a result, the calculated peak position approaches the actual peak position, so that a steeper peak can cover a desired frequency band, and the reflection loss level can be increased.

The largest factor causing the fluctuation of the actual peak position is the fluctuation of the relative dielectric constants ε ₁ and ε ₃ of the first layer 12 and the third layer 16. As described above, among the suitable materials for the first layer 12 and the third layer 16, calcium silicate board, cement board, mortar board, fiber cement board, fiber mortar board, gypsum board, rock wool sound absorbing board, rock wool There are a lot of materials whose moisture content is likely to change under the influence of condensation and indoor humidity, such as heat insulation plates, unglazed tiles, and bricks for interior use.
In the case where the first layer 12 and the third layer 16 are formed of this kind of material, the moisture content of the first layer 12 and the third layer 16 changes during the use of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10, and thus the relative dielectric constant thereof. The rates ε ₁ and ε ₃ vary, and as a result, the actual peak position varies.
As described above, if the peak shape is made gentle, it can continue to cover the desired frequency band even if the actual peak position fluctuates. To that end, however, the reduction in the reflection loss level must be accepted. Therefore, it is desirable to suppress fluctuations in the actual peak position.

By the way, the relative permittivity ε ₁ , ε ₃ of the first layer 12 and the third layer 16 and the moisture content WC ₁ , WC _{3 of} the first layer 12 and the third layer 16 are linear within a certain range. The above formulas 7 and 8 can be calculated by five variables of the thickness (d1, d2, d3) of each layer and the moisture content (WC ₁ , WC ₃ ).
Then, the examination of the experiment level of the calcium silicate board, the mortar board, and the fiber reinforced cement board (henceforth CS board, MO board, and LF, respectively) was performed as a general building material.
Here, the target absorption performance value of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 was set to -12 dB.
Further, it is represented by a total value A of thicknesses (d1, d2, d3).

Theoretical study of calcium silicate board, mortar board and fiber reinforced cement board was conducted.
First, regarding the calcium silicate plate and the mortar plate, assuming that the first layer 12 and the third layer 16 are the same material and have the same moisture content variation, the thickness (d1, d2, d3) of each layer and the moisture content (WC) ) And the absorption performance of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 were calculated.
Here, four variables that satisfactorily absorb electromagnetic waves of 2.4 to 2.5 GHz and 5.15 to 5.25 GHz were obtained. The results are shown in Table 1.

From Table 1, the following was found.
In the case of the MO plate, the thickness d1 is preferably 8% or less of the thickness d3, or 6% or less of the total thickness A.
In the case of a CS plate, the thickness d1 is preferably 27% or less of the thickness d3, or 9% or less of the total thickness A.

Next, regarding the calcium silicate plate and the mortar plate, it is assumed that the first layer 12 and the third layer 16 are different materials, or the same material has different moisture contents, and the thickness (d1, d2, d3) of each layer The absorption performance of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 was calculated from the five variables of water content (WC ₁ , WC ₃ ).
Here, five variables that satisfactorily absorb electromagnetic waves of 2.4 to 2.5 GHz and 5.15 to 5.25 GHz were obtained. The results are shown in Table 2.
In Table 2, for example, when the first layer 12 is a CS plate and the third layer 16 is an MO plate, the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 is represented by a CSMO plate (Absorber).

From Table 2, the following was found.
In the case of the MOMO plate, the thickness d1 is preferably 15% or less of the thickness d3, or 12% or less of the total thickness A.
In the case of the MOCS plate, the thickness d1 is preferably 87% or less of the thickness d3, or 44% or less of the total thickness A.
In the case of a CSMO plate, the thickness d1 is preferably 42% or less of the thickness d3, or 29% or less of the total thickness A.
In the case of a CSCS plate, the thickness d1 is preferably 83% or less of the thickness d3, or 36% or less of the total thickness A.

Next, for the fiber reinforced cement board (FL board), assuming that the first layer 12 and the third layer 16 are the same material and have the same moisture content, the thickness of each layer (d1, d2, d3) And the absorption performance of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 was calculated from five variables of water content (WC ₁ , WC ₃ ).
Here, five variables that satisfactorily absorb electromagnetic waves of 2.4 to 2.5 GHz and 5.15 to 5.25 GHz were obtained. The results are shown in Table 3.

From Table 3, the following was found.
In the case of the FLFL plate, the thickness d1 is preferably 21% or less of the thickness d3, or 16% or less of the total thickness A.

Next, an example of the distribution of moisture content (WC ₁ , WC ₃ ) that satisfies the target absorption performance value of −12 dB when the thickness d2 of the second layer 14 is changed is shown.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a distribution of moisture content (WC ₁ , WC ₃ ) of the MOMO plate in Table 2.
In FIG. 4, d1 = 2 mm and d3 = 27 mm.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the distribution of moisture content (WC ₁ , WC ₃ ) of the CSMO plate in Table 2.
In FIG. 5, d1 = 4 mm and d3 = 28 mm.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the distribution of moisture content (WC ₁ , WC ₃ ) of the CSMO plate in Table 2.
In FIG. 6, d1 = 26 mm and d3 = 10 mm.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the distribution of moisture content (WC ₁ , WC ₃ ) of the CSCS plate in Table 2.
In FIG. 7, d1 = 26 mm and d3 = 12 mm.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the distribution of moisture content (WC ₁ , WC ₃ ) of the FLFL plate in Table 3.
In FIG. 8, d1 = 3 mm, d3 = 29 mm, 31 mm, and 33 mm.
4 and 5 are examples in which the thickness d1 is larger than the thickness d3. In this case, the thickness d1 is set as a relative size with respect to the thickness d3.
6 to 8 are examples in the case where the thickness d1 is smaller than the thickness d3. In this case, the thickness d1 is set to a relative size with the total value A of the thicknesses d1, d2, and d3.

  As can be understood from FIGS. 4 to 8, even when the moisture content fluctuates to some extent, an electromagnetic wave absorption panel that satisfies a target absorption performance value of −12 dB regardless of the material by setting an appropriate thickness of each layer 10 can be configured.

  In addition, based on the results of Tables 1 to 3 and FIGS. 4 to 8, the thickness d1 is necessary for strength, considering the characteristics of the above-described general building materials used as the first layer 12 and the third layer 16. The thickness d1 is preferably greater than or equal to 85% of the thickness d3, or the thickness d1 is greater than or equal to a thickness required for strength, and the thickness d1, It is preferable that the thickness is 45% or less of the total value A of d2 and d3.

However, when the third layer 16 is composed of a cement-based material, the thickness d1 is configured to be 50% or less of the thickness d3 in consideration of the characteristics of the general cement material described above. Or the thickness d1 is preferably 30% or less of the total value A.
Furthermore, when the first layer 12 and the third layer 16 are made of a cement-based material, the thickness d1 is 25% or less of the thickness d3 in consideration of the characteristics of the general cement material described above. Or the thickness d1 is preferably configured to be 17% or less of the total value.

  In these cases, it is appropriate to maintain the necessary electromagnetic wave absorption performance even when the moisture content of the first and third dielectric layers fluctuates in a normal installation environment, for example, an indoor environment. When the thickness d1 exceeds these conditions, the influence of fluctuations in the moisture content of the first layer 12 and the third layer 16 becomes large, and the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the desired frequency of the desired electromagnetic wave absorption panel is reduced. To do.

Next, the experiment of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel comprised based on said calculation performance was conducted.
Typical examples are shown in FIGS.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an experimental example of a CSCS plate.
In FIG. Is the calculated value, Exp. Are experimental values.
The electromagnetic wave panel 10 was 200 mm square, and the thickness d1 = 15.6 mm, the thickness d2 = 9 mm, and the thickness d3 = 17.9 mm. The average value of the moisture content WC ₁ was 5.6%, and the average value of the moisture content WC ₃ was 12.8%.
As a result, although the calculated value and the experimental value were different in the absolute value part of the peak part, good absorption performance almost matched was obtained.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an experimental example of a CSMO plate.
In FIG. Is the calculated value, Exp. Are experimental values.
The electromagnetic wave absorbing panel 10 was 200 mm square, and the thickness d1 = 23.5 mm, the thickness d2 = 30 mm, and the thickness d3 = 9 mm. The average value of the water content WC ₁ was 5.6%, and the average value of the water content WC ₃ was 6.5%.
As a result, although the calculated value and the experimental value were shifted in the positions of the peak value having the low frequency and the second peak value, good absorption performance almost matched was obtained.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an experimental example of the FLFL plate.
In FIG. Is the calculated value, Mea. 1 and Mea. 2 is an experimental value.
Moreover, the electromagnetic wave panel 10 was 200 mm square, and thickness d1 = 3.1 mm, thickness d2 = 3.2 mm, and thickness d3 = 29.3 mm.
Mea. No. 1 was such that the average value of the moisture content WC ₁ was 5.9% and the average value of the moisture content WC ₃ was 9.5%. Mea. 2 is Mea. The average value of the moisture content WC ₁ was increased by 1% to 1 to 6.9%.
As a result, the experimental value Mea. 2 is an experimental value Mea. Although the absorption performance was slightly lower than that of 1, good absorption performance was obtained in which the calculated value and the experimental value almost coincided including the three peak values.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a variation example of the moisture content of the FL plate.
From a standard environment of 20 ° C and 60% in an environment of 18 ° C, 50%, 23 ° C, 70%, 15 ° C, 20%, 30 ° C, 65%, against a 200 mm square, 3 mm thick fiber reinforced cement board The weight change of was measured.
As shown in FIG. 12, the variation of moisture content is in the range of approximately 1%. That is, when the indoor humidity changes from 20% to 40%, it can be seen that the fluctuation of the moisture content of the FL plate is in the range of 1%. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 should just exhibit favorable electromagnetic wave absorption performance with respect to the fluctuation | variation of about 1% of a moisture content. The electromagnetic wave absorption panel 10 having the thickness (d1, d2, d3) of each layer derived from Tables 1 to 3 exhibits sufficient electromagnetic wave absorption performance with respect to a fluctuation of about 1% in the moisture content.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel of embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the electromagnetic wave absorption panel shown by FIG. It is a modification of an electromagnetic wave absorption panel. The water content of MOMO plate of Table 2 is a diagram showing an example of the distribution of _(WC 1, WC _3). The water content of CSMO plate of Table 2 is a diagram showing an example of the distribution of _(WC 1, WC _3). The water content of CSMO plate of Table 2 is a diagram showing an example of the distribution of _(WC 1, WC _3). The water content of CSCS plate of Table 2 is a diagram showing an example of the distribution of _(WC 1, WC _3). Table shows an example of the distribution of the moisture content of FLFL plate _{3 (WC 1, WC 3)} . It is a figure which shows one experimental example of a CSCS board. It is a figure which shows one experimental example of a CSMO board. It is a figure which shows one experimental example of a FLFL board. It is a figure which shows the example of a fluctuation | variation of the moisture content of a FL board.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... 1st dielectric material layer, 14 ... 2nd dielectric material layer, 14A ... Spacer material, 14B ... area | region, 16 ... 3rd dielectric material layer, 20 ... Electromagnetic wave reflection layer.

Claims (6)

A first dielectric layer having a thickness d1 formed of a first dielectric material whose relative dielectric constant varies according to the moisture content in the material;
A second dielectric layer having a thickness d2 laminated on the back surface of the first dielectric and having a second dielectric constant having a relative dielectric constant of approximately 1,
A third dielectric layer having a thickness of d3 and formed of a third dielectric material laminated on the back surface of the second dielectric layer and having a relative dielectric constant that varies depending on a moisture content in the material;
An electromagnetic wave absorption panel comprising an electromagnetic wave reflection layer laminated on the back surface of the third dielectric layer,
The thickness d1 is equal to or greater than a thickness necessary for maintaining the strength of the first dielectric layer and is equal to or less than 85% of the thickness d3.
An electromagnetic wave absorption panel characterized by that. The third dielectric material is composed of a cement-based material,
The electromagnetic wave absorption panel according to claim 1, wherein the thickness d1 is configured to be 50% or less of the thickness d3. The first and third dielectric materials are composed of a cement-based material,
The electromagnetic wave absorption panel according to claim 1, wherein the thickness d <b> 1 is configured to be 25% or less of the thickness d <b> 3. A first dielectric layer having a thickness d1 formed of a first dielectric material whose relative dielectric constant varies according to the moisture content in the material;
A second dielectric layer having a thickness d2 laminated on the back surface of the first dielectric and having a second dielectric constant having a relative dielectric constant of approximately 1,
A third dielectric layer having a thickness of d3 and formed of a third dielectric material laminated on the back surface of the second dielectric layer and having a relative dielectric constant that varies depending on a moisture content in the material;
An electromagnetic wave absorption panel comprising a reflective layer laminated on a back surface of the third dielectric layer and reflecting electromagnetic waves incident through the first, second and third dielectric layers;
The thickness d1 is not less than a thickness necessary for maintaining the strength of the first dielectric layer, and is not more than 45% of the total value of the thicknesses d1, d2, and d3. ,
An electromagnetic wave absorption panel characterized by that. The third dielectric material is composed of a cement-based material,
The electromagnetic wave absorption panel according to claim 4 , wherein the thickness d <b> 1 is configured to be 30% or less of the total value. The first and third dielectric materials are composed of a cement-based material,
The electromagnetic wave absorption panel according to claim 4 , wherein the thickness d1 is configured to have a thickness of 17% or less of the total value.

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