JP4540046B2 - Static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a structure of a cold storage device using an ice making system using water as a refrigerant.

  As a conventional water refrigerant heat pump ice making system, ice is generated by an evaporating ice making machine and ice is stored by an ice storage tank (see FIGS. 7 and 8). Such a water refrigerant heat pump ice making system is generally called a “dynamic ice making system” because the ice making part and the ice storage part are different (see FIGS. 7 and 8).

  For example, a conventional water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 101 shown in FIG. 7 includes an evaporation ice making device (tank) 102 having no heat transfer tube. At the top of the evaporating ice maker 102, there is provided a water vapor suction port leading to the water vapor compressor 103. Water is sealed in the evaporation ice making device 102 to a certain height, and water is evaporated from the gas-liquid interface by the suction force of the steam compressor 103. At that time, the remaining water is deprived of latent heat of vaporization, so the temperature and pressure drop, and when it reaches the triple point of water (0.01 ℃, 0.6kPa), a part of it freezes to become ice.

  Also, as the same dynamic water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 201, as shown in FIG. 8, a large number of vertical icing plates (liquid film falling plates) 204 are installed in the evaporating ice maker 202 and flow along the surface thereof. There is also one that freezes water at the gas-liquid interface (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the case of such a structure, the evaporation area is larger than the above-described water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 101 by the surface integral of all the ice icing plates 204, which is advantageous in that the evaporation ice making device 202 can be made compact (in addition, Reference numeral 203 is a steam compressor).

JP-A-6-241628

  However, in the case of the conventional water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 101 shown in FIG. 7, as the ice making device 102 continues to make ice, the generated ice covers the gas-liquid interface and is less likely to evaporate. There is a problem that it becomes difficult to generate ice. Therefore, in order to secure the evaporation area (ice making area) of the water refrigerant for a long time, for example, the ice-water slurry is stirred by the stirrer 104 or the ice-water slurry is removed from the evaporation ice making machine 102 by using the slurry pump 105. (For example, the ice storage tank 106) must be carried out (see FIG. 7). Further, if ice adheres to the inner wall surface of the evaporating ice maker 102 and grows, the rotation of the stirring blade is hindered and the operation of the agitator 104 is hindered. Such a situation must be prevented by heating the wall surface. Providing equipment for stirring, carrying out, and heating in this way is problematic in that it increases the size and cost of the system and increases energy consumption.

  Also, in the case of the water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 201 as shown in FIG. 8, as in the ice making system 101 described above, facilities for stirring and carrying out the ice-water slurry and heating the wall surface of the evaporation ice maker are necessary. Indispensable. The ice making system 201 is also provided with a pipe 205 for pumping and circulating water flowing through the ice icing plate 204 from the lower part to the upper part of the evaporating ice maker 202, and the ice attached to the inner side of the pipe 205 grows. In order to prevent clogging of the flow path in the pipe due to coalescence, for example, a heating facility 206 such as a warm brine for heating the pipe 205 from the outside is additionally required, further increasing the size of the system, increasing the cost, and energy There is also a problem of increasing consumption. In addition, a deformation mechanism or a heating mechanism for the icing plate 204 may be required.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system that has high heat exchange performance and can achieve system size reduction, cost reduction, and energy saving.

  In order to achieve this object, a static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system according to claim 1 includes an evaporating ice maker that makes ice by evaporating liquid water refrigerant and stores the ice, and gaseous water in the evaporating ice maker. A steam compressor that sucks the refrigerant and evaporates and cools the liquid water refrigerant in the evaporation ice maker, and stores the liquid water refrigerant or solid water refrigerant installed in a plurality of stages in the evaporation ice maker. An ice storage panel, a passage hole provided in the ice storage panel so that both liquid water refrigerant and gaseous water refrigerant can pass through, and liquid water refrigerant from the bottom of the evaporation ice maker. Heat exchanger installed in the middle of the cold water pipe to exchange heat between the cold water pipe supplied to the ice storage panel and circulated, the cold water pump provided in the cold water pipe, and the water refrigerant and other heat medium With a vessel That.

  In the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system according to the present invention, for example, in the ice making operation mode, the steam compressor is operated with the cold water pump stopped. In such a case, when the pressure and temperature in the evaporating ice maker is lowered to the triple point or lower, ice is continuously generated by the endothermic action caused by evaporation of water on the ice storage panel or sublimation of ice.

  On the other hand, in the ice-breaking operation mode, the water vapor compressor is stopped, and the chilled water pump is operated in a state in which the inside of the evaporating ice maker is opened to the atmosphere and is at atmospheric pressure. At this time, the chilled water supplied to the heat exchanger on the cooling load side is received by the heat exchanger, the temperature rises, and then supplied to the uppermost ice storage panel in the evaporation ice maker. The supplied water is directly contact-exchanged with the ice on the ice storage panel, cooled to a predetermined temperature, and then supplied again to the heat exchanger from the bottom of the evaporating ice maker. Circulate the tube.

  The static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system having such a structure can be used as a cold storage system using latent heat (evaporation heat or heat of fusion) when the water refrigerant itself evaporates, solidifies or melts. Moreover, in the ice making system according to the present invention, the water refrigerant itself functions as a cold storage material that solidifies or melts in both the ice making operation mode and the ice melting operation mode, and the water refrigerant itself circulates and performs heat exchange. Therefore, the loss at the time of heat exchange between the refrigerant, the cold storage material and the fluid heat medium is very small. Therefore, according to the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system, high heat exchange performance can be realized.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system according to claim 1, wherein the periphery of the passage hole provided in the ice storage panel protrudes upward and forms a peripheral wall. .

  The invention according to claim 3 is that the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system according to claim 1 or 2 includes a plurality of evaporating ice makers.

  In the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system according to the first aspect, since a plurality of plate-shaped ice storage panels are installed in the evaporating ice maker, the area of the gas-liquid interface of the water refrigerant can be sufficiently secured. According to this, since it is possible to avoid a situation in which the ice generated during ice making covers the gas-liquid interface in a short time and evaporation is difficult to occur, the ice-water slurry is stirred by the stirrer, or the slurry There is no need to pump the ice-water slurry out of the evaporating ice maker. In addition, since the agitator itself is not necessary, it is not necessary to consider the problem of obstructing the rotation of the agitating blades. Furthermore, since the evaporative ice maker also serves as an ice storage tank, it is not necessary to agitate and carry out the ice-water slurry as in the dynamic ice making system. There is no need to prevent the adhesion and growth of ice. Therefore, according to the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system according to the present invention, space saving, cost reduction, and energy saving can be realized in the entire system.

  In addition, the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system according to the present invention makes ice while the cold water pump is stopped in the ice making operation mode, so that ice adheres to the inside of the cold water pipe and is blocked. There is no need to take measures to prevent tube blockage. Therefore, this is also advantageous for space saving, cost reduction and energy saving.

  Moreover, according to this static type water refrigerant heat pump ice making system, the deformation mechanism and heating mechanism of the icing plate as in Patent Document 2 are unnecessary.

  Furthermore, as described above, in this static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system, the water refrigerant itself functions as a cold storage material and also functions as a fluid heat medium. Direct contact heat exchange takes place. For this reason, compared with the conventional system which performed heat exchange via the wall of piping, a high heat exchange performance is realizable.

  According to the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system according to the second aspect, water can be stored on the ice storage panel as much as the periphery of the passage hole protrudes upward. Therefore, by changing the size and number of panels, it is possible to freely use an amount of water refrigerant as a cold storage material.

  In addition, according to the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system according to claim 3, it is possible to share the roles between the evaporating ice making device that supplies cold water and the evaporating ice making device that generates ice. It is possible to cope with the cooling load while performing the ice storage operation and the ice melting operation at the same time and storing the cold.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

  1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention. A static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 1 according to the present invention includes an evaporating ice making device 2 that makes ice by evaporating liquid water refrigerant (water) and cools it, and a gaseous water refrigerant (water vapor) in the evaporating ice making device 2. ) To evaporate and cool the liquid water refrigerant in the evaporating ice maker 2, and a liquid water refrigerant or a solid water refrigerant installed in the evaporating ice maker 2 in a plurality of stages. An ice storage panel 4 capable of storing, a passage hole 5 provided in the ice storage panel 4 so that both water vapor and water can pass through, and a liquid water refrigerant from the bottom of the evaporating ice maker 2 (this specification) Then, this is also referred to as “cold water”). The chilled water pipe 6 for circulating the chilled water to the uppermost ice storage panel 4, the chilled water pump 7 provided in the chilled water pipe 6, and heat exchange between the chilled water and another heat medium Heat exchanger installed in the middle of the cold water pipe 6 to do It is equipped with a door.

  The evaporation ice maker 2 evaporates the liquid water refrigerant by reducing the pressure inside, and generates ice by freezing the liquid water refrigerant remaining in the evaporation ice maker 2 by the endothermic action at that time. It is. The evaporative ice maker 2 in this embodiment has a plurality of ice storage panels 4 installed therein, and an ice making device for freezing liquid water refrigerant stored on the upper surface of these ice storage panels 4 and generated ice. Also serves as an ice storage tank for storage.

  One end of a steam pipe 9 is connected to the upper part of the evaporation ice making device 2 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). A steam compressor 3 is connected to the other end of the steam pipe 9 (see FIG. 1). The water vapor compressor 3 sucks the gas in the evaporating ice maker 2 to a negative pressure, thereby evaporating the liquid water refrigerant (water) stored in the ice storage panel 4 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The steam compressor 3 is connected to the condenser 11 by a further pipe 10. The condenser 11 is connected to the cooling tower 12 by a cooling water pipe 13. The cooling water pipe 13 is an annular water guide pipe in which the condenser 11 and the cooling tower 12 are arranged in the middle, and is configured to circulate cooling water (see FIG. 1). A cooling water pump 14 is provided between the condenser 11 and the cooling tower 12 to send the cooling water from the condenser 11 side to the cooling tower 12 side. The cooling water circulating through the cooling water pipe 13 takes the heat of the water vapor and condenses in the condenser 11. The cooling water that has received the heat dissipates this heat in the cooling tower 12, and then is sent to the condenser 11 again (see FIG. 1).

  Further, the heat exchanger 8 in the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 1 is connected to the evaporation ice making device 2 by a cold water pipe 6 and is incorporated in a cold water circulation system (see FIG. 1 and the like). ). The heat exchanger 8 is a cold water-air heat exchanger that exchanges heat between cold water and air, or a cold water-liquid heat exchanger that exchanges heat between cold water and another liquid. A cold water pump 7 and valves 15 and 16 are provided in the middle of the cold water pipe 6 (see FIG. 2). The cold water pipe 6 is piped so as to supply the circulating cold water to the uppermost stage of the ice storage panels 4 having a plurality of stages, and to recirculate the cold water flowing down through each panel and send it to the heat exchanger 8. (See FIGS. 3 and 4). In the heat exchanger 8, heat is exchanged between cold water flowing through the cold water pipe 6 and air, or between the cold water and another liquid.

  The ice storage panel 4 is provided with a single, preferably a plurality of passage holes 5. During ice making (when storing cold energy), water vapor passes through the passage holes 5 from the bottom to the top, and during ice breaking (cold heat is removed). The cold water can pass through the passage hole 5 from the top to the bottom (see FIG. 5). It is preferable that the periphery of these passage holes 5 protrudes upward and looks like a peripheral wall (see FIG. 2 and the like). In such a case, it is possible to apply liquid water refrigerant (water) on the ice storage panel 4 by an amount corresponding to the protruding height of the flange portion (see FIGS. 3 and 4). The water exceeding the protruding height overflows the passage hole 5 and flows down onto the ice storage panel 4 in the lower stage (see FIGS. 3 and 4). In this case, it is preferable that the passage holes 5 are disposed so as to be sufficiently shifted between the upper and lower ice storage panels 4 from the viewpoint of storing the water that has flowed down on the ice storage panels 4 directly below. By doing so, water can flow in all the panels from the top to the bottom.

  Further, it is preferable that a large number of these ice storage panels 4 are installed in the evaporating ice maker 2. By doing so, the area of the gas-liquid interface of the water refrigerant increases, and it becomes easier to generate water vapor during ice making (when storing cold energy). Further, it is possible to reduce the size of the evaporating ice maker 2 while maintaining the water vapor generation capability.

  Then, the operation | movement in the static type water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated.

  First, in the ice making operation mode (see FIGS. 1 and 2), the steam compressor 3 is operated with the cold water pump 7 stopped. The water refrigerant on the ice storage panel 4 evaporates or sublimes by lowering the pressure and temperature in the evaporating ice maker 2 to the triple point or less. At this time, ice making is continuously performed with heat absorption. As described above, in this embodiment, the cold water pump 7 is stopped in the ice making operation mode. No need to prevent the blockage). Therefore, for example, it is not necessary to install equipment such as a warm brine for heating the cold water pipe 6 from the outside.

  On the other hand, in the ice-breaking operation mode (see FIGS. 3 and 4), the steam compressor 3 is stopped, the inside of the evaporating ice maker 2 is opened to the atmospheric pressure, and the cooling water load is operated by operating the cold water pump 7. Cold water is supplied to the side heat exchanger 8. The chilled water is received by the heat exchanger 8 on the cooling load side and the temperature rises. Then, the chilled water moves to the upper part of the evaporating ice maker 2 and is supplied to the uppermost ice storage panel 4. The cold water is directly contact-exchanged with ice on the ice storage panel 4 and cooled to a predetermined temperature, and then supplied again to the heat exchanger 8 from the lower part of the evaporating ice maker 2 (see FIG. 3). Incidentally, since the chilled water pump 7 operates under atmospheric pressure in the above-described ice-breaking operation mode, the suction heads necessary for the operation of the chilled water pump 7 (that is, the lower end of the evaporating ice maker 2 and the chilled water pump 7). The difference in height with respect to, for example, when operating under a low pressure (triple pressure) as in an ice-water slurry pump in a dynamic water refrigerant heat pump ice making system (as an example, in this case, 2 m as the head) Less than required). Therefore, the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 1 as in the present embodiment is more advantageous than the conventional dynamic water refrigerant heat pump ice making system in reducing the size and size of the entire system. Although it is possible to operate at a pressure other than atmospheric pressure in the above-described ice-melting operation mode, it is preferable to perform the ice-breaking operation at atmospheric pressure in terms of reducing the suction head of the cold water pump.

  In the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 1 of the present embodiment, the evaporating ice maker 2 also serves as an ice storage tank, so that it is not necessary to agitate and carry out the ice-water slurry as in the dynamic type. It has the feature that it is not necessary to prevent the adhesion and growth of ice on the inner wall surface of the ice maker 2. In addition, direct heat exchange can be performed among the water refrigerant, cold water, and ice. From the above, this static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 1 does not require stirring and carrying out of the ice-water slurry, heating the wall surface of the evaporating ice maker 2 and heating the circulating water pipe, and evaporating in the evaporating ice maker 2. Since the area is large, space saving, cost reduction, and energy saving can be expected when viewing the entire system including auxiliary equipment.

  The above-described embodiment is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, in the present embodiment, the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 1 having a single evaporating ice maker 2 has been described as shown in FIG. 1 and the like, but a plurality of (for example, two) evaporating ice maker 2 are provided. System (see FIG. 6). In the case of such a system, it is possible to carry out the ice making operation and the ice melting operation at the same time in a single system by sharing the roles between the two evaporation ice makers 2, for example, as shown in FIG. The ice making operation can be performed by the ice making device 2 (evaporation ice making device 2a), and at the same time, the ice melting operation can be performed by the other evaporation ice making device 2 (evaporation ice making device 2b).

  In addition, the static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 1 described in the above-described embodiment (with a single evaporating ice making device 2, see FIGS. 1 and 2) has no cooling load or a time zone with a small amount of time (for example, at night). It is preferable to carry out an ice making operation, and in principle, such an operation is fundamental. However, the operation time zone is not limited to this. For example, if there is no time zone during which the cooling load is reduced, a plurality of evaporating ice makers 2 are prepared and cold water is supplied as shown in FIG. The role can be divided between the evaporating ice maker (see evaporating ice maker 2b in FIG. 6) and the evaporating ice maker (see evaporating ice maker 2a in FIG. 6) that generates ice. By doing so, it is possible to simultaneously perform the ice making operation and the ice melting operation in one system and cope with the cooling load while storing the cold (see FIG. 6). Alternatively, it is also possible to prepare a plurality of static water refrigerant heat pump ice making systems 1 themselves, and to deal with the cooling load while performing cold storage heat separately for the ice making operation system and the ice melting operation system.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a panel arranged horizontally in a plurality of stages has been described as a preferred example of the ice storage panel 4 installed in the ice making device 2, but a predetermined amount of water refrigerant can be stored, and stirring is unnecessary. As long as the gas-liquid interface region (area) can be secured to some extent, it does not have to be horizontal in this way. For example, it is installed at an angle, but the water refrigerant is stretched in a state where a certain amount of gas-liquid interface is secured. Containers that can be used can also be used.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the static type water refrigerant heat pump ice making system concerning this invention, and the operation | movement at the time of ice making operation mode. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the evaporation ice maker shown in FIG. 1 and its surroundings. It is a figure which shows the operation | movement at the time of the structure of a static type water refrigerant heat pump ice-making system, and an ice-melting operation mode. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the evaporation ice maker shown in FIG. 3 and its surroundings. It is a top view which shows an example of an ice storage panel. It is a figure which shows another embodiment of this invention, and represents an example of the static type water refrigerant heat pump ice making system provided with two evaporating ice makers. It is a figure which shows the conventional dynamic type water refrigerant heat pump ice making system. It is a figure which shows the conventional dynamic type water refrigerant heat pump ice making system.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Static type water refrigerant heat pump ice making system 2 Evaporating ice maker 3 Steam compressor 4 Ice storage panel 5 Passage hole 6 Cold water pipe 7 Cold water pump 8 Heat exchanger

Claims (3)

  An evaporative ice maker that makes ice by the evaporation of liquid water refrigerant and stores it, and water vapor that sucks the gaseous water refrigerant in the evaporation ice maker and evaporates and cools the liquid water refrigerant in the evaporation ice maker A compressor, an ice storage panel installed in a plurality of stages in the evaporating ice maker and capable of storing the liquid water refrigerant or the solid water refrigerant, and any of the liquid water refrigerant and the gaseous water refrigerant A passage hole provided in the ice storage panel so as to be able to pass through, a cold water pipe for supplying and circulating the liquid water refrigerant from the bottom of the evaporating ice maker to the ice storage panel in the uppermost stage, and the cold water A static water refrigerant comprising: a cold water pump provided in a pipe; and a heat exchanger installed in the middle of the cold water pipe for performing heat exchange between the water refrigerant and another heat medium. Heat pump ice making system.   2. The static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system according to claim 1, wherein a periphery of a passage hole provided in the ice storage panel protrudes upward to form a peripheral wall shape. The static water refrigerant heat pump ice making system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the evaporating ice makers are provided.

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