JP4539329B2 - Reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis apparatus and reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus for livestock manure that continuously treats unclean and easily denatured high water content livestock manure, sewage sludge, and the like.

  Livestock manure and sewage sludge have been composted and a large amount of organic fertilizer has been put into the cultivated land, but its decomposition rate in the soil is about 30% annually, and the remaining 70% is carried over to the following year. However, the accumulation of nutrients and the function of material circulation decline, the deterioration of cultivated land due to the poorness of biota and permanent environmental burdens, and the downstream basin causes environmental pollution and becomes a social problem. Has been studied. In the case of dairy cattle, about 70 kg of animal manure is excreted per day, and the amount of generation is great. In the explosive treatment method, the apparatus itself is large and expensive, and there are few examples of its installation. In addition, since a large amount of bad odor and sludge is generated and the cost for the treatment becomes expensive, a treatment system for livestock manure which is hygienic and low in running cost has been demanded.

  In addition, as a conventional well-known technique, as a method of heating and drying livestock manure to reduce the water content and carbonizing to produce organic fertilizer, a vertical external heating type or a vertical type combined carbonization device with internal and bottom heating It has been known. In these methods, dehydrated livestock manure is inserted into a vertical cylinder and carbonized while stirring with stirring blades, so there is much contact between the processed product and air, and the processed product is burned more than necessary. Less is. Furthermore, since harmful substances are discharged to the outside with combustion, the flue gas treatment device has become large in order to meet environmental standards, and its improvement has been required.

  And as an apparatus which inserts a processed material in a horizontal cylinder and carbonizes with a combustion burner, an internal combustion type rotary carbonization furnace and an internal combustion type sliding carbonization furnace are known (for example, patent documents) 1). However, since this internal combustion type carbonization device burns and carbonizes inside the furnace, there is much contact between the processed material and air, and there is little carbide that can be burned more than necessary, and there are also harmful substances accompanying combustion. Since it is discharged to the outside, the smoke treatment apparatus has become large and its improvement has been demanded.

  Furthermore, the apparatus which inserts the processed material into the rotary kiln in the horizontal cylinder and heats and heats the rotating rotary kiln which is guided into the furnace by hot air heated from the outside by a combustion burner and carbonized. As an example, an external combustion type rotary kiln carbonization apparatus is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2). However, in this system, since the processed material is indirectly heated from the outside, the heat efficiency is low and a lot of energy is required for the processing, so that the improvement is required.

  Further, the carbonization chamber is divided into three chambers, the pyrolysis gas generated in the carbonization chamber is guided to the drying chamber of the first chamber and dried, and incompletely combusted in the ignition chamber of the second chamber. What is recombusted in the carbonization chamber of a chamber is known (for example, refer patent document 3). However, even in this method, the treated product is directly combusted and carbonized, so there is much contact between the treated product and air, and the treated product is burned more than necessary. Further, harmful substances are discharged to the outside with combustion. Therefore, since the flue gas treatment apparatus becomes large, its improvement has been demanded.

  In addition, livestock manure is dehydrated, the dehydrated manure is put into a methane fermentation tank, methane gas is generated by methane fermentation bacteria, impurities such as ammonia are removed by a gas reformer, and stored in a gas tank and generated by a gas engine. However, digested liquid that has been fermented is subjected to advanced treatment with a wastewater treatment device using activated sludge method using microorganisms to purify it to discharge level, drain it, and condense into sludge after wastewater treatment. Sludge that has been separated into solid and liquid by adding an agent has been required to reduce running costs and equipment costs because it is entrusted to industrial waste processors as industrial waste.

Japanese Patent No. 2870627 JP 2002-356319 A JP-A-9-137167

  As described above, the conventional method for treating livestock manure and sludge is to increase the amount of manure generated and return to cultivated land. The excessive burden is made permanent. In addition, since November 2004, the livestock excretion law has been fully enforced, and proper treatment of livestock manure has been obligatory, and a treatment device for the same has been required.

  Although the present invention has been difficult to introduce in a known livestock manure processing apparatus, by providing a small and low-cost processing apparatus, the livestock manure is pyrolyzed under reduced pressure to obtain activated carbon or humic substances. An object of the present invention is to provide a reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus for livestock manure that can easily produce heat treatment products of livestock manure that can be effectively used as environmental restoration materials and organic fertilizers for preserving the agricultural environment.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heated cylindrical tube comprising a compression granulation chamber, a vacuum drying chamber, a vacuum heat treatment chamber, and an activation treatment chamber equipped with a conveyor screw for transferring an object to be processed. Each of the vacuum drying chamber, the vacuum heat treatment chamber, and the activation treatment chamber is partitioned by a partition plate having an opening window, and a rotary rotary valve is provided on the partition plate between the activation treatment chamber and the discharge port. Consists of a transfer mechanism provided with a rotating ring valve.

  In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, a conveyor screw incorporated in a reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis apparatus is a conveyor screw for processed material at an intermediate position between a reduced-pressure drying chamber, a reduced-pressure heat treatment chamber, and an activation treatment chamber. And a transfer mechanism provided with a ring separator that suppresses the amount of movement in the heated cylindrical tube and controls the residence time.

  In order to achieve the third object of the present invention, the conveyor screw built in the reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus is hollow so that a heated gas medium can be supplied, and an injection blade is axially attached to the conveyor screw. The valve mechanism is provided with an injection hole in which the ball valve is provided and only a downward position is provided to eject a heated gas medium such as hot air or steam from the injection hole to the object to be processed.

  In order to achieve the fourth object of the present invention, in the reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus, a pressing granulation chamber for granulating the object to be processed is provided in front of the reduced-pressure drying chamber, The vacuum drying chamber is partitioned by a countersunk partition plate having a molding hole for press-fitting the object to be processed, and this eyelet partition plate is provided with a rotating knife and a mechanism for granulating the object to be processed. is there.

  In order to achieve the fifth object of the present invention, a pressure granulation chamber for granulating a workpiece is connected to the heated cylindrical tube so as to be suspended, and a jet capable of supplying a heated gas medium to the workpiece. It comprises a mechanism for granulating a workpiece by providing a hollow conveyor screw with a blade attached thereto and providing a vibrator and a vacuum dehydrator on the side wall of the compression granulation chamber.

  In order to achieve the sixth object of the present invention, both ends protrude from opening holes provided on both upper sides of the furnace body having a combustion burner, an odor injection hole and an ejector at one lower end. It is formed by installing a heated cylindrical tube on a horizontal support, and an air / water recovery chamber, dry distillation gas recovery chamber and dry distillation gas heater are connected to the outer periphery of the heated cylindrical tube, respectively, and an exhaust gas heat exchanger and steam generation And a transfer mechanism for supplying a heated gas medium generated by the container from the end of the hollow conveyor screw.

  In order to achieve the seventh object of the present invention, when pyrolyzing livestock manure and sewage treatment sludge using a reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus, the internal temperature of the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber is kept at a constant temperature of 150 to 180 ° C. The humic substances are heat-treated by increasing the aromatic ring and proceeding to humification.

  As described above, the reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1 for livestock manure of the present invention processes the livestock manure 30 into granules in the pressing granulation chamber 24 by the conveyor screw 5 in the heating cylindrical tube 4, and in the vacuum drying chamber 26. Heat drying and carbonization in the reduced-pressure heat treatment chamber 27 and activation by the steam 39 in the activation treatment chamber 28 achieve a small size and energy saving, and the operation is a series of operations from the input of livestock manure to the discharge of humic substances and activated carbon. The low-cost decompression continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1 that can be processed by the apparatus could be provided.

  In the furnace body 2, a pressing granulation chamber 24, a vacuum drying chamber 26, a vacuum heat treatment chamber 27, and an activation processing chamber 28 are arranged, and a combustion burner 36 is dry-distilled from the lower part of the furnace 3. The running cost was greatly reduced by mixing the gas and the outside air with the ejector 37 and burning them in the furnace. At the same time, since the reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1 can be operated immediately simply by loading it on the truck bed and transporting it to a place where livestock manure or sludge is generated, the installation cost of the reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1 can be reduced. It has become possible.

  Further, the outside air containing bad odor is heated by the air heater 49 in the furnace 3 and blown into the pressing granulation chamber 24 and the vacuum drying chamber 26 through the hollow main shaft 6, and the dehydration of the livestock manure 30 and the granulated product 32. Activated charcoal 34, which is activated by accelerating the drying of the granulated product 32, steaming the water vapor evaporated from the granulated product 32 with the steam generator 47 and spraying it on the carbide in the activation treatment chamber 28, is 2/3 of the commercially available activated carbon. It can be effectively used to improve livestock environment such as deodorization of livestock manure and compost and decolorization of livestock manure wastewater.

  Further, the formed granulated product 32 is dried in the reduced pressure drying chamber 26 and transferred to the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27, and the granulated product 32 is subjected to a constant temperature treatment at a thermal decomposition temperature of about 150 to 180 ° C. in which the granulated product 32 is decompressed. By increasing the aromatic ring (graphite structure), granulated products 32 such as livestock manure and sewage sludge change the degree of humification and the ratio of nitrogen and carbon (N / C ratio), and natural humin (leaf decay such as fallen leaves) The brown humic substance obtained by decomposing the humic substance 35) was efficiently obtained.

  The humic substance 35 is a brownish heterogeneous polymer, and its elemental composition is about 58% carbon, about 4% hydrogen, about 2% nitrogen, and about 2% ash. In addition to relieving phosphoric acid fixation by alumina, it could be used as a soil conditioner and moisture retention.

  In the isothermal heat treatment for humification, the separated water squeezed from the livestock manure in the squeezing granulation chamber 24 is vaporized, and the steam and water evaporated from the granulated product 32 in the decompression drying chamber 26 is separated from the steam and water separated by the steam separator 54. Gas containing a bad odor such as hydrogen sulfide is blown into the combustion chamber of the furnace 3 through the odor injection hole 42 via the suction pump 55 to be thermally decomposed and deodorized, and the clean separation separated by the steam separator 54 is performed. By discharging water to the outside, a material circulation of livestock manure was constructed and harmonized with the ecosystem.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

  To provide a miniaturized reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment device for livestock manure for the purpose of properly pyrolyzing organic fertilizer and activated carbon as waste materials with high water content such as livestock manure and sewage sludge Realized by.

  FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing the overall structure of a reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus for livestock manure according to the present invention, which will be specifically described based on this, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  The reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1 for livestock manure according to the present invention is supported by a horizontal cylinder so that the opening holes 71 provided at both upper ends in the furnace body 2 have an inclination angle and both ends protrude, and are heated by a cylinder. A pipe 4 is attached, and the combustion burner 36 from the lower side and the dry distillation gas generated in the dry distillation gas recovery chamber 44 are mixed with the outside air and passed through an ejector 37 above the combustion burner 36. Blow into the furnace 3 and burn. The shaft end portion of the hollow main shaft 6 of the conveyor screw 5 to be inserted into the heating cylindrical tube 4 is rotatable via a bearing 61 provided on the side surface of the insertion side end portion 22 and the discharge side end portion 29 of the heating cylindrical tube 4. A transfer mechanism held by the

  The livestock manure 30 having a water content of about 80% is transferred into the pressing granulation chamber 24 of the heated cylindrical tube 4 heated by the combustion burner 36 through the rotary root valve 57 of the charging hopper chamber 56. The inverted truncated cone shaped hole 10 having a diameter of about 12φ provided in the countersunk partition plate 20 is guided by the pushing screw 11 and further pressed by the pressing screw 12 and pressed to a moisture content of 60% or less. The rotary knife 14 provided in contact with the outside of the eye plate partition plate 20 that is press-fitted into the plate is pushed by back pressure at the portion of the rotary knife opening window 23 that is opened by 1/8. It is cut at the side and formed into a round bar-shaped granulated product 32 and transferred to the vacuum drying chamber 26.

  Exhaust gas heat built in an exhaust gas discharge port 53 provided in the upper part of the furnace body 2 is sucked from the upper part of the input hopper chamber 56 by the bad air caused by the livestock manure 30 around the decompression continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1. The malodorous hot air 40 heated by the exchanger 51 is pressurized by the pressure blower 60, and from the ejection hole 17 provided at the tip of the ejection blade 15 from the insertion side end portion 22 through the hollow main shaft 6 of the conveyor screw 5. Hot air 40 is sprayed on the livestock manure 30 in the press granulation chamber 24 and heated to accelerate the press. Further, hot air 40 is sprayed onto the granulated product 32 in the vacuum drying chamber 26 to accelerate the drying, and the moisture content of the granulated product 32 is dried under reduced pressure to around 30%, and then from the opening window 21 to the vacuum heat treatment chamber 27. Transport.

  In the vacuum drying chamber 26, the granulated product 32 is collected in the steam / water recovery chamber 43 above the vacuum drying chamber 26 while the granulated product 32 is dried under reduced pressure while being stirred and moved by the conveyor screw 5. The suction / pump 55 is sucked through a steam / water separator 54 installed outside the reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1, and heat exchange is performed in the steam / water separator 54 to separate the odor containing ammonia and water. It is injected into the furnace 3 from the odor jet hole 42 in the vicinity of the combustion burner 36 and is thermally decomposed to be deodorized. The separated water becomes steam 39 by a steam generator 47 provided in the furnace 3 and is supplied to the activation treatment chamber 28.

  The temperature in the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 is maintained at a heat treatment temperature of about 350 ° C. optimum for carbonization, and the granulated product 32 is reduced in pressure while being stirred and moved by the screw blade 13 and the lifting blade 16 by the rotation of the conveyor screw 5. In this state, it is pyrolyzed to become a carbide 33 and transferred to the activation treatment chamber 28. In the activation treatment chamber 28, the carbide 33 is agitated and moved by the screw blade 13 and the lifting blade 16, and the vapor 39 of the heated gas medium is ejected from the discharge side end portion 29 through the hollow main shaft 6 of the conveyor screw 5. When the carbide 33 is injected into the carbide 33 from the 15 tip ejection holes 17, the carbide 33 is activated in contact with the steam 39 to be activated and become porous activated carbon 34 with increased adsorption power, and is discharged outside through the activated carbon discharge port 41.

  The hollow main shaft 6 of the conveyor screw 5 of the vacuum drying chamber 26 and the activation treatment chamber 28 is divided into three parts at an angle of 120 degrees, and the injection blades 15 are axially attached. 46 is inserted, and the ball valve 46 is opened in a downward position by the gravitational movement caused by the rotation of the conveyor screw 5 inside the heating cylindrical tube 4. Since 40 and steam 39 are injected only in the downward direction, the granulated product 32 and the carbide 33 are efficiently exposed.

  The conveyor screw 5 is rotated by attaching a drive sprocket 58 to the shaft end portion where the hollow main shaft 6 or the double hollow main shaft 7 is extended from the bearing 61 portion from the insertion side end portion 22, and via the drive chain 63. The motor is rotated by the deceleration drive motor 62. In FIG. 1, the hollow main shaft 6 or the double hollow main shaft 7 of the conveyor screw 5 is integrated, but the conveyor screw 5 is divided into right and left at the position of the rotary knife 14 in the pressing granulation chamber 24 and the vacuum drying chamber 26. It is good also as a structure which rotates separately.

  Operation control of the reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1 is carried out by transferring livestock manure from the input hopper chamber 56 to the pressing granulation chamber 24 via the rotary root valve 57 and granulating it, and then transferring it to the vacuum drying chamber 26. When the temperature of the steam-water recovery chamber 43 decreases and drying proceeds, the temperature rises. The temperature change is measured and controlled, and the rotary root valve 57 is opened. Furthermore, the moisture content of the livestock manure can be increased by changing the conveying amount of the conveyor screw 5 by controlling the rotational speed of the deceleration drive motor 62 by inputting the heat treatment condition according to the water content of the livestock manure to be introduced. Pyrolysis treatment can be performed in an optimal reduced pressure atmosphere.

  Due to the heating of the combustion burner 36 from the lower part of the heating cylindrical tube 4 and the heating in which a mixed gas of dry distillation gas and outside air is blown by the ejector 37 and burned, the temperature in the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 becomes around 350 ° C., The carbide 33 captures the dry distillation gas 31 having a calorific value of about 1000 kj / h including carbon monoxide, nitrogen, hydrogen, etc. generated by thermal decomposition in a reduced pressure atmosphere while being stirred and moved in the upper dry distillation gas recovery chamber 44. The dry distillation gas heater 48 mixes the hot dry distillation gas 31 with the outside air, sucks it through the ejector 37 and blows it into the furnace 3 for secondary combustion.

  When the processing temperature inside the reduced-pressure heat treatment chamber 27 and the activation treatment chamber 28 is maintained at around 170 ° C., the granulated product 32 is heated while being stirred and moved by the screw blade 13 and the lifting blade 16 by the rotation of the conveyor screw 5. The granulated product 32 is decomposed by heat decomposition at 170 ° C. under reduced pressure, and the hydrocarbon compound and nitrogen compound are sublimated and reduced to about half, but due to thermal decomposition at low temperature, mineral components such as phosphorus and potassium Humic substance 35 having an N / C ratio equivalent to that of natural humic substances is obtained because it becomes a humic substance having an increased aromatic ring, which is different in composition from the carbide 33 obtained by thermal decomposition at around 300 ° C. It was.

  In FIG. 2 showing the second embodiment improved for energy saving, the heated air 40 is further heated in the vacuum heat treatment chamber 27 from the insertion side end 22 of the conveyor screw 5 to the inner tube 8 of the double hollow main shaft 7. Then, through the outer tube 9, the livestock manure 30 is fed from the ejection hole 17 at the tip of the ejection blade 15 provided by being divided into three at an angle of 120 degrees between the pushing screw 11 of the pressing granulation chamber 24 and the pressing screw 12. Water separated by spraying to promote squeezing dehydration is discharged from the separated water discharge port 50. Further, in the vacuum drying chamber 26, hot air 40 is jetted from the ejection holes 17 of the jet blades 15 to the granulated product 32 to promote vacuum drying.

  In the process of drying the granulated product 32 under reduced pressure by heating the heated cylindrical tube 4 and spraying hot air 40 in the reduced pressure drying chamber 26 with water compressed from livestock manure by the effect of promoting heating and pressing in the compressed granulation chamber 24. The water evaporated from the particles 32 is collected in an air / water recovery chamber 43 above the vacuum drying chamber 26 and sucked by a suction pump 55 via an external air / water separator 54 and separated into odor and water. It is injected into the furnace 3 from the injection hole 42 and deodorized by thermal decomposition. The compressed water and the separated water are collected, heated by the steam generator 47 in the furnace 3 to be steam 39, and supplied to the activation treatment chamber 28.

  From the lower part of the furnace body 2, the granulated product 32 is carbonized by a reduced pressure heat treatment at a temperature of 350 ° C. inside the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 by heating of the combustion burner 36 and the ejector 37 for burning dry distillation gas. The vapor 39 of the heated gas medium is heated in the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 from the inner pipe 8 from the discharge side end 29 side of the double hollow main shaft 7 of the conveyor screw 5 and returned by the sealing plate 70 through the outer pipe 9. When the carbide 33 is injected and exposed to the carbide 33 through the ejection hole 17 at the tip of the injection blade 15 of the activation treatment chamber 28, the carbide 33 is activated in contact with the steam 39 efficiently to become porous activated carbon 34 and discharged from the activated carbon outlet 41. To do.

  As a method for suppressing the residence time of the granulated product 32 and the carbide 33 under reduced pressure drying and heat treatment in the heated cylindrical tube 4, a bowl shape externally attached to a lifting blade 16 provided in three portions around the conveyor screw 5. By providing the ring separator 74, the heat-treated products such as the granulated product 32 and the carbide 33 are restrained from moving by the screw blades 13 in the heated cylindrical tube 4 and are kept in the reduced pressure heat treatment. Only the heat-treated product overflowing from the ridge portion of the turbine 74 is transferred to the next process.

  In FIG. 3 showing a third embodiment of the present invention, the charging hopper chamber 56 is suspended from the insertion side end portion 22 of the heated cylindrical tube 4 supported at an inclination angle on both sides of the furnace body 2 and pressed. Livestock manure having a moisture content of about 80%, which is provided with the grain chamber 24 and is carried into the charging hopper chamber 56, is compressed by the pressing screw 11 and the pressing screw 12 provided on the hollow main shaft 6 in the process of the hollow main shaft. The hot air 40 is sprayed to the livestock manure 30 from the ejection holes 17 provided on the non-load side of the jet blade 15 provided by dividing the compression screw 12 into three at an angle of 120 degrees between the compression screws 12 through 6 and the pressing process is promoted. .

  At the same time, the livestock excreta 30 excited by the ultrasonic wave having a frequency of about 28 kilohertz by the vibrator 59 provided on the side wall surface of the pressing granulation chamber 24 is infiltrated with ultrasonic energy and the friction between the particles is reduced. Squeezing and dehydration is promoted by changing the arrangement and eliminating the interval. Furthermore, the water content of the livestock manure 30 is forcibly sucked through the vacuum dehydrator 73 provided in the vicinity of the vibrator 59 to compress the water content of the livestock manure 30 to around 55%. The steam generator in the furnace 3 collects the water dehydrated from the livestock manure by the vacuum dehydrator 73 and the water recovered and separated from the steam recovery chamber 43 by the suction pump 55 via the steam separator 54. Heat to 47 to make steam 39.

  The drive of the conveyor screw 5 in the pressing granulation chamber 24 is decelerated via the drive chain 63 by attaching a drive sprocket 58 to the shaft end portion of the hollow main shaft 6 protruding from the bearing 61 from the upper part of the charging hopper chamber 56. It is rotated by the drive motor 62. The livestock manure in the charging hopper chamber 56 is transported downward by the pushing screw 11 and compressed by the pressing screw 12 and dehydrated. The livestock manure is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone having a diameter of about 12φ provided on the eye plate partition plate 20. The rotary knife 14 pressed into the forming hole 10 and solidified is in contact with the countersunk partition plate 20 and is extruded at the part of the rotary knife opening window 23 that is opened 1/4, and cut at the side of the rotary knife 714 to form a round bar. Granulate and drop into the vacuum drying chamber 26.

  In the vacuum drying chamber 26, the granulated product 32 is supplied from the insertion side end 22 to the granulated product 32 through the hollow main shaft 6 of the conveyor screw 5 through the hollow main shaft 6 of the conveyor screw 5 and the ejection hole 17 at the tip of the ejection blade 15. It sprays and accelerates the drying of the granulated product 32 in the vacuum drying chamber 26 and is transferred to the vacuum heat treatment chamber 27. In the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27, the granulated product 32 becomes a carbide 33 by heat treatment in a reduced pressure state and is transferred to the activation treatment chamber 28. In the activation treatment chamber 28, the carbide 33 is exposed by injecting the vapor 39 of the heated gas medium from the discharge side end portion 29 to the carbide 33 through the hollow main shaft 6 of the conveyor screw 5 from the ejection hole 17 of the ejection blade 15. The activated carbon 34 is activated to increase the adsorption power and is discharged from the activated carbon discharge port 41.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 5, the granulation method in the heated cylindrical tube 4 pushes hot air 40 into livestock manure in the pressure granulation chamber 24 through the outer tube 9 of the double hollow main shaft 7 and screw 11. The livestock manure, which was dehydrated to about 60% by squeezing and dewatering by blowing hot air from the ejection hole 17 at the tip of the ejection blade 15 provided between the squeezing screw 12 and the compression screw 12, was provided on the eye plate partition plate 20. The exit side of the inverted frustoconical shape having a diameter of about 12φ is press-fitted into the molding hole 10 closed by the rotary knife 14, and is pushed out by the livestock manure that is press-fitted later in the rotary knife opening window 23 part of the rotary knife 14. It is cut at the side of the rotary knife 14, formed into a rod-shaped granulated product 32, and transferred to the vacuum drying chamber 26.

  The granulated product 32 in the vacuum drying chamber 26 is a ball valve in which heating of the heated cylindrical tube 4 and hot air are provided in an injection blade 15 provided between the outer tube 9 of the double hollow main shaft 7 and the screw blade 13. By the valve operation by the gravity movement 46, the granule 32 is efficiently ejected from the ejection hole 17 at the tip at a downward position. The granulated product 32 is agitated and moved by the screw blade 13 and the lifting blade 16, the movement is restrained by the ring separator 74, stays in the ring separator 74, retains the vacuum drying, and the granulated product overflows the ring separator 74. 32 is subsequently dried to have a moisture content of around 30% and is transferred to the vacuum heat treatment chamber 27.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, the opening and closing methods of the vacuum drying chamber 26 and the vacuum heat treatment chamber 27 are divided into three parts around the conveyor screw 5, and the discharge of the screw blade 13 is performed. A 1 / 8-open rotary rotary valve 18 is pivotally attached to the side end. The partition plate 19 of the adjacent reduced-pressure heat treatment chamber 27 has an open window 21 that is open to the lower side. 7/8 of the rotary rotary valve 18 is closed and an opening window 21 is provided in the remaining 1/8. When the opening window 21 of the rotary rotary valve 18 rotates and moves to the same position as the opening window 21 of the partition plate 19, when the vacuum drying chamber 26 and the vacuum heat treatment chamber 27 are opened, the inside of the vacuum drying chamber 26 is opened. The granulated product 32 is transferred into the reduced-pressure heat treatment chamber 27 and thermally decomposed into a carbide 33.

  The inside of the heated cylindrical tube 4 is heated in a combustion burner 36 and an evaporator 37 of a dry distillation gas so that the heat treatment temperature becomes a reduced pressure atmosphere of about 350 ° C. The hot air 40 supplied with the heated gas medium from the insertion side end portion 22 through the inner tube 8 of the double hollow main shaft 7 is blocked in the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 by the sealing plate 70 provided at the position 27. It is returned to the outer tube 9 by the sealing plate 70 to be further heated hot air 40 and is injected into the granulated product 32 from the ejection hole 17 at the tip of the ejection blade 15 of the reduced pressure drying chamber 26. Steam supplied from the discharge gas end 29 side through the inner tube 8 of the double hollow main shaft 7 is returned to the outer tube 9 by the sealing plate 70 and further heated in the reduced-pressure heat treatment chamber 27. It becomes steam and is injected into the carbide 33 through the outer tube 9 from the injection blade 15 to the carbide 33 only in the downward direction in the activation treatment chamber 28 and efficiently activated.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the internal structure of the activation treatment chamber 28 is provided with a combustion burner 36 and an ejector 37 in parallel at the lower part of the heating cylindrical tube 4 in the furnace 3, and an odor injection hole 42 is arranged on the upper side. is doing. In the activation treatment chamber 28, the carbide 33 is activated while being stirred and moved by the conveyor screw 5 and the lifting blade 16, and steam supplied from the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 through the outer tube 9 is activated in the activation treatment chamber 28. When the ball valve 46 that ejects only in the downward direction is exposed to the carbide 33 by injecting the vapor 39 of the heated gas medium to the carbide 33 through the ejection hole 17 at the tip of the ejection blade 15, the vapor efficiently contacts the carbide 33. Thus, the activated carbon 34 is activated to increase the adsorption power. When the opening window 21 of the rotating ring valve 25 rotates and moves to a lower position, the activated carbon 34 opens the activation treatment chamber 28 and the activated carbon discharge port 41, and the activated carbon 34 is discharged to the outside.

  As a heat treatment for converting the granulated product 32 into a humic product 35 in addition to the above-described porous activated carbon 34 treatment, the granulated product 32 having a moisture content of about 30% is thermally decomposed inside the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 and the activation treatment chamber 28. When heat treatment is promoted while stirring and moving at a reduced pressure of around 170 ° C., hydrocarbon compounds, nitrogen compounds, etc. evaporate and leave from the granulated product 32, and aromatic rings ( A humic substance 35 was continuously obtained from livestock manure and sewage-treated sludge as a reduced-pressure heat-treated product in which various mineral components differing in composition from carbides 33 and activated carbon 34 remained due to an increase in graphite structure. The odor containing nitrogen and ammonia evaporated from the granulated product 32 in the steam water recovery chamber 43 and the dry distillation gas recovery chamber 44 is injected into the furnace 3 from the odor ejection hole 42 provided in the lower part of the furnace body 2 and a combustion burner. It is thermally decomposed by 36 and deodorized.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1 in which the heated cylindrical tubes 4 are laminated in four stages at the vertical position is squeezed at the uppermost stage of the eight opening holes 71 provided on both side surfaces of the furnace body 2. The granulation chamber 24 has a charging hopper chamber 56 at one end and a connecting tube 45 at the other end protruding from the furnace body 2 and horizontally supported, and connecting pipes 45 at both ends of the vacuum drying chamber 26 from the furnace body 2 in the second stage. Protruding and horizontally supported, connecting pipes 45 at both ends of the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 projecting from the furnace body 2 in the third stage and horizontally supported, and connecting pipe 45 and activated carbon discharge port at one end of the activation treatment chamber 28 at the bottom. 41 is protruded from the furnace body 2 and horizontally supported, and is connected and arranged by a connecting pipe 45 so that the forward path and the return path of the conveyor screw 5 are alternately turned up and down.

  In each of the pressing granulation chamber 24, the reduced pressure drying chamber 26, the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27, and the activation treatment chamber 28, bearings 61 having shaft end portions of the hollow main shaft 6 of the conveyor screw 5 inserted therein are provided on both side surfaces. A decelerating drive motor that has a transfer mechanism that is rotatably held via the conveyor screw 5 and that independently rotates the conveyor screw 5 at a rotation speed according to processing conditions such as livestock manure 30, granulated material 32, and carbide 33. The motor 62 is driven. From the lower part of the furnace body 2, the carbonization gas generated in the combustion burner 36 and the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 is captured in the carbonization gas recovery chamber 44, sucked through the carbonization gas heater 48, mixed with the outside air, and mixed with the ejector. -37 is blown into the furnace 3 for secondary combustion.

  Processed items such as livestock manure and sewage treatment sludge having a water content of about 80% are transferred into the heated granulation chamber 24 through the rotary root valve 57 of the input hopper chamber 56, and pushed-in screw-11. Rotating knife 14 provided in contact with the outer side plate partition plate 20 by being pressed and solidified by press-fitting into the inverted frustoconical shaped hole 10 provided on the side plate partition plate 20. The rotary knife opening window 23 is extruded by back pressure, cut at the side of the rotary knife 14, pressed into a round bar-shaped granulated product 32, and dropped into the vacuum drying chamber 26 through the connecting tube 45. Supplied.

  The odor around the decompression continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1 is sucked in the hopper chamber 56, and the hot air heated by the exhaust gas heat exchanger 51 installed in the exhaust gas discharge port 53 is pressurized by the pressure blower 60 to reduce the pressure. The hot air is sprayed to the agglomerated material 32 by stirring and moving from the ejection hole 17 provided at the tip of the ejection blade 15 through the hollow main shaft 6 of the conveyor screw 5 of the drying chamber 26, and the moisture content is reduced to about 30% in a reduced pressure atmosphere. When the opening window 21 of the rotary ring valve 25 provided at the discharge side end of the conveyor screw 5 rotates and moves to the lower position after being dried, the granulated product 32 enters the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 via the connecting pipe 45. Dropped and supplied.

  In the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27, the granulated product 32 becomes a carbide 33 by heat treatment while being stirred and moved at a reduced pressure atmosphere temperature of about 350 ° C., and is discharged from the opening window 21 of the rotary ring valve 25 and is activated through the connecting pipe 45. Drop into 28. A carbonization gas 31 generated from the carbide 33 is captured in the upper gas recovery chamber 44, and is heated to a higher temperature carbonization gas 31 by a carbonization gas heater 48, mixed with outside air by an ejector 37, and blown into the furnace 3 for secondary combustion. .

  In the activation treatment chamber 28, the carbide 33 is ejected from the ejection holes 17 of the hollow main shaft 6 of the conveyor screw 5, to become porous activated carbon 34, and is discharged from the activated carbon discharge port 41. It should be noted that the heat treatment step in the reduced-pressure atmosphere of the humic substance 35 can be carried out by accelerating the heat treatment while stirring and moving the granulated product 32 with the internal temperatures of the reduced-pressure heat treatment chamber 27 and the activation treatment chamber 28 being around 170 ° C. Products such as manure and sewage treatment sludge have a continuous humic substance 35 with the same properties as natural humin, which has increased graphite structure, changed the degree of humus, and has advanced decomposition characteristics (refractory / easily degradable). can get.

  Evaporated water separated from the granulated product 32 by heating the heated cylindrical tube 4 and spraying hot air in the vacuum drying chamber 26 is collected in the steam / water recovery chamber 43 and separated into odor and water via an external steam / water separator 54. Then, the water is made into the steam 39 of the heated gas medium by the steam generator 47 provided in the furnace 3 and is activated by being injected into the carbide 33 in the activation treatment chamber 28. In the heat treatment step for converting into humic substances 35, the steam and water containing ammonia odor evaporated from the granulated product 32 in the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 and the activation treatment chamber 28 is separated into odor and water by a steam / water separator 54 provided outside. Then, the odor is injected into the furnace 3 from the odor jet hole 42 at the lower part of the furnace body 2 and thermally decomposed by the combustion burner 36 to be deodorized, and the separated water is discharged to the outside.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, an application example for generating electricity is that the dry distillation gas recovered from the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber 27 of the reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis apparatus 1 for livestock manure has a low calorific value of 1000 kj / h and is directly a micro gas turbine. Since it is difficult to start 64, kerosene or gas is used as fuel, and it is supplied as a supplementary fuel for the micro gas turbine 64 driving the generator 65 by the gas filter 68. Energy can be saved by ejecting the exhaust heat of the micro gas turbine 64 into the furnace 3 and using it as an auxiliary heat source for the combustion burner 36 of the reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1.

  The exhaust gas of the reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1 removes dust with an exhaust gas cyclone 52, rapidly cools to 150 ° C. or less with a gas cooler 66 to prevent the formation of dioxins, and a gas filter 68 covered with a slaked lime supply device 67. The exhaust gas cleaned in the above is discharged from the chimney 69, separated into odor and water by the steam / water separator 54, and the water is discharged from the reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus 1 to the outside.

1 is a side sectional view of the entire structure of a reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus for livestock manure of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional detail drawing which shows 2nd Example of this invention. It is a section detail drawing showing the 3rd example of the present invention. It is longitudinal cross-section detailed explanatory drawing of a pressing granulation chamber by AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is detailed explanatory drawing which shows the granulation part of a pressing granulation chamber and a vacuum drying chamber. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional detailed explanatory drawing of a pressure reduction heat processing chamber by BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is longitudinal cross-section detailed explanatory drawing which shows the partition part of a vacuum drying chamber and a vacuum heat treatment chamber. It is CC sectional drawing of FIG. 1, and the longitudinal cross-section detailed explanatory drawing of an activation process chamber. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the entire structure of a reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus for vertically stacked livestock manure. It is the schematic which shows the application example of the electric power generation using a micro gas turbine.

Explanation of symbols

1 Depressurized continuous pyrolysis treatment equipment 4 Heated cylindrical tube 5 Conveyor screw
19 molding hole 14 rotary knife 15 jet blade 19 partition plate 24 compression granulation chamber 25 rotary ring valve 26 vacuum drying chamber 27 vacuum heat treatment chamber 28 activation treatment chamber 36 combustion burner
42 Odor ejection hole 43 Gas water recovery chamber 44 Dry distillation gas recovery chamber 46 Ball valve 47 Steam generator 48 Dry distillation gas heater 59 Vibrator
73 vacuum dehydrator 47 steam generator 74 ring separator

Claims (7)

  In the reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus composed of a compression granulation chamber, a reduced-pressure drying chamber, a reduced-pressure heat treatment chamber, and an activation treatment chamber, at least the reduced-pressure drying chamber, the reduced-pressure heat treatment chamber, and the activation treatment chamber are for transferring the workpiece. A partition plate having an opening window and a rotary rotary valve are provided between the vacuum drying chamber, the vacuum heat treatment chamber, and the activation treatment chamber, and the conveyor screw is provided. A reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus provided with a rotating ring valve on the discharge side of the gas.   The conveyor screw incorporated in the reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus suppresses the amount of movement of the processed material in the heated cylindrical tube by the conveyor screw at the intermediate positions of the reduced-pressure drying chamber, the reduced-pressure heat treatment chamber, and the activation treatment chamber. 2. The reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a transfer mechanism provided with a ring separator for controlling the residence time.   The conveyor screw installed in the reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 is hollow capable of supplying a heated gas medium, and an injection blade having a ball valve mounted on an injection blade pivotally attached to the conveyor screw. 3. The reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a hole mechanism is provided, and the ball valve has a valve mechanism for ejecting a heated gas medium from the injection hole to the object to be processed only in the downward direction.   The reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a pressing granulation chamber for granulating an object to be processed is connected in front of the reduced pressure drying chamber, and the space between the pressing granulation chamber and the reduced pressure drying chamber is covered. 4. A reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a partition plate having a forming hole for press-fitting a processed product is partitioned, and a rotary knife is provided in the plate for the purpose of granulation. .   A compression granulation chamber for granulating the object to be processed is connected to the heated cylindrical tube so as to be suspended, and a hollow conveyor screw is provided with a jet blade that can supply a heated gas medium to the object to be processed. The reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a vibrator and a reduced pressure dewatering device are provided on a side wall of the compression granulation chamber.   A horizontal cylindrical support is installed so that both ends protrude from the opening holes provided on both upper sides of the furnace body having a combustion burner, an odor jet hole and an ejector at one lower end, and a heating cylindrical tube is attached. Formed, and an air / water recovery chamber, a dry distillation gas recovery chamber and a dry distillation gas heater are connected to the outer periphery of the heated cylindrical tube, respectively, and the heated gas medium generated by the exhaust gas heat exchanger and the steam generator is supplied to a hollow conveyor screw. 6. The reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is supplied from the end of the negative pressure.   When thermally decomposing livestock manure and sewage treatment sludge using the reduced pressure continuous pyrolysis treatment apparatus according to claim 1, heat treatment for humification is performed at a constant temperature of 150 to 180 ° C. inside the reduced pressure heat treatment chamber. A reduced-pressure continuous pyrolysis method characterized by the above.

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