JP4538818B2 - Reciprocating compressor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reciprocating compressor that compresses a fluid such as air or a refrigerant.

  In general, a reciprocating compressor compresses a fluid, for example, by increasing or decreasing the volume of a compression chamber in a cylinder by reciprocating a piston provided in the cylinder as described in Patent Document 1. It is like that.

  The piston is driven to reciprocate along the axial direction in the cylinder through the piston rod by the rotation of the drive source. A cylinder head is attached to one end of the cylinder in the axial direction via a valve seat. The cylinder head is provided with a suction chamber and a discharge chamber. The valve seat is provided with a suction port that communicates between the suction chamber and the cylinder, and a discharge port that communicates between the discharge chamber and the cylinder.

  A flexible plate-like discharge valve is provided on the discharge chamber side of the valve seat so as to cover the discharge port so that the compressed air in the cylinder can be discharged into the discharge chamber by the reciprocating motion of the piston. It has become. Inside the cylinder of the valve seat, there is provided a flexible plate-like suction valve whose one end in the longitudinal direction is fixed so as to cover the suction port, and from the atmosphere through the suction chamber by the reciprocating motion of the piston. Air can be sucked into the cylinder.

  In a reciprocating compressor having such a configuration, assuming that the position closest to the valve seat when the piston reciprocates is the top dead center and the position farthest away is the bottom dead center, the direction of the piston is the bottom dead center. When the operation is performed, the suction valve is opened (lifted), and air is sucked into the compression chamber in the cylinder from the atmosphere through the suction chamber of the cylinder head.

  On the other hand, when the piston is operating in the direction of the top dead center, the discharge valve is opened, and the compressed air from the compression chamber is discharged to the discharge chamber in the cylinder head.

In this way, the piston descends to the bottom dead center and the air sucked into the compression chamber in the cylinder moves to the top dead center to reduce the volume of the compression chamber, thereby producing compressed air.
JP 2006-283642 A

  By the way, for example, an air compressor is used as a power source of a factory and is an apparatus that consumes a large amount of electricity among factory equipment. Therefore, energy saving needs for the air compressor have become very high. As an energy saving measure in a reciprocating air compressor, it is known to increase the compression efficiency by reducing the volume of the compression chamber as much as possible when the piston reaches top dead center. In this case, a space for securing the lift amount of the suction valve must be provided in the compression chamber, and unnecessary in this space, particularly around the fixed end side of the suction valve, is unrelated to the lift operation of the suction valve. A space was formed, which was an obstacle to reducing the volume of the compression chamber.

  As a countermeasure against this, it is considered that a suction valve relief groove is provided on the front end surface of the piston as described in Patent Document 1. However, in this structure, the piston provided with the suction valve relief groove is a movable part, the valve seat provided with the suction valve is a fixed part, and it is necessary to fit different parts. For this reason, there is a problem that the production and assembly work of both parts are complicated, and a high precision of the assembly work is required.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to easily assemble the volume of the compression chamber when the piston is located at the top dead center. It is an object of the present invention to provide a reciprocating compressor that can reduce compression as much as possible and increase compression efficiency.

  In order to achieve the above object, a reciprocating compressor according to the present invention includes a cylindrical cylinder, a cylinder head attached to one end of the cylinder in the axial direction, and formed with a suction chamber and a discharge chamber. Is inserted between the piston and the reciprocating piston, and is interposed between the cylinder and the cylinder head, and is formed with a suction port that communicates between the suction chamber and the cylinder, and a discharge seat that communicates between the discharge chamber and the cylinder And a flexible plate-like discharge valve that opens and closes so that the compressed fluid in the cylinder can be discharged to the discharge chamber by the reciprocating operation of the piston. And one end in the longitudinal direction is fixed so as to cover the suction port inside the cylinder of the valve seat so that fluid can be sucked from the suction chamber into the cylinder by the reciprocating motion of the piston. In a reciprocating compressor equipped with a flexible plate-like suction valve that closes, a suction valve groove that houses the suction valve is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder of the valve seat, and a piston valve is formed in the suction valve groove. An inclined surface with a groove depth gradually increasing from the fixed end side to the free end side of the suction valve with respect to the flat surface perpendicular to the reciprocating direction, and the suction valve is set along the inclined surface. It is characterized by being provided.

  According to the present invention, a suction valve groove for storing the suction valve is provided, and an inclined surface in which the groove depth gradually increases from the fixed end side to the free end side of the suction valve is formed in the suction valve groove, By arranging the suction valve along the inclined surface, a space for securing the lift amount of the suction valve can be secured in the suction valve groove, and the suction valve lifts around the fixed end side of the suction valve. Since an unnecessary space unrelated to the operation is not formed, the volume of the compression chamber when the piston reaches the top dead center can be reduced, and the compression efficiency of the compressor can be increased.

  In addition, the combined configuration of the inclined surface of the suction valve groove that reduces the volume of the compression chamber and the suction valve can be configured only by the valve seat of the fixed system part, so when configured by the combination of both the movable system and the fixed system parts Compared with this, the production and assembly of parts do not involve high-precision work, and the assembly work becomes easy.

  Embodiments of a reciprocating compressor according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing a main part of a reciprocating compressor according to the present invention. 2 is a view independently showing the valve seat used in FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a front sectional view and (b) is a bottom view.

  1 and 2, a piston 2 is provided in a cylindrical cylinder 1, and the piston 2 reciprocates to compress a fluid such as air or refrigerant.

  The piston 2 is driven to reciprocate along the axial direction in the cylinder 1 through the piston rod 3 and the piston pin 4 by rotation of a driving source (not shown). A piston ring 5 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 2 so as to slide airtightly on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 1.

  A cylinder head 7 is provided above the cylinder 1 (one end in the axial direction) via a valve seat 6, and a suction chamber 8 and a discharge chamber 9 are formed in the cylinder head 7. A valve seat 6 interposed between the cylinder 1 and the cylinder head 7 includes a suction port 6 a that communicates the suction chamber 8 and the compression chamber 10 in the cylinder 1, a discharge chamber 9, and a compression chamber 10 in the cylinder 1. And a discharge port 6b communicating with each other.

  On the discharge chamber 9 side of the valve seat 6, there is provided a flexible plate-like discharge valve 11 whose one end in the longitudinal direction is fixed to the valve seat 6 with a fixing screw 11a so as to cover the discharge port 6b. By opening and closing the discharge valve 11 by the reciprocating operation of 2, the air compressed in the compression chamber 10 in the cylinder 1 can be discharged into the discharge chamber 9 as indicated by an arrow.

  Inside the cylinder 1 of the valve seat 6 is provided with a flexible plate-like suction valve 12 whose one end in the longitudinal direction is fixed to the valve seat 6 by a fixing screw 12a so as to cover the suction port 6a. The suction valve 12 is opened and closed by a reciprocating operation so that air can be sucked into the compression chamber 10 in the cylinder 1 from the atmosphere via the suction chamber 8.

  The suction valve 12 is formed in an elliptical shape, and is accommodated in a suction valve groove 13 formed in an elliptical shape on the surface of the valve seat 6 inside the cylinder 1. The suction valve groove 13 has a depth corresponding to the lift amount of the suction valve 12 at the deepest portion on the free end side, and a flat surface orthogonal to the reciprocating direction (axial direction) of the piston 2. On the other hand, an inclined surface having an angle θ is formed so that the groove depth gradually increases from the fixed end (fixed screw 12a) side of the suction valve 12 toward the free end side. And the suction valve 12 is arrange | positioned along this inclined surface, and is seated and separated.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the suction valve 12 is housed in the suction valve groove 13, and the groove depth gradually increases in the suction valve groove 13 from the fixed end side of the suction valve 12 toward the free end side. By forming the inclined surface and arranging the suction valve 12 along the inclined surface, a space for securing the lift amount of the suction valve 12 can be secured in the suction valve groove 13. Moreover, an unnecessary space unrelated to the lift operation of the suction valve 12 is not formed around the fixed end of the suction valve 12.

  Thereby, the volume of the compression chamber 10 when the piston 2 reaches the top dead center can be reduced, and the compression efficiency of the compressor can be increased.

  Further, the combined configuration of the inclined surface of the suction valve groove 13 and the suction valve 12 for reducing the volume of the compression chamber 10 in the present embodiment can be configured only for the valve seat 6 which is a stationary part. Therefore, as compared with the case where the movable system and the fixed system are combined, the production and assembly of parts are not accompanied by high-precision work, and the assembly work is facilitated.

It is front sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the reciprocating compressor which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows independently the valve seat used for FIG. 1, (a) is front sectional drawing, (b) is a bottom view.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cylinder 2 ... Piston 3 ... Piston rod 4 ... Piston pin 5 ... Piston ring 6 ... Valve seat 7 ... Cylinder head 8 ... Suction chamber 9 ... Discharge chamber 10 ... Compression chamber 11 ... Discharge valve 11a, 12a ... Fixing screw 12 ... Suction valve 13 ... Suction valve groove

Claims (1)

A cylindrical cylinder;
A cylinder head attached to one end of the cylinder in the axial direction and having a suction chamber and a discharge chamber;
A piston inserted into the cylinder and reciprocating;
A valve seat that is interposed between the cylinder and the cylinder head and has a suction port that communicates the suction chamber and the inside of the cylinder, and a discharge port that communicates the discharge chamber and the inside of the cylinder;
A flexible plate that is provided on the discharge chamber side of the valve seat so as to cover the discharge port and opens and closes so that the compressed fluid in the cylinder can be discharged into the discharge chamber by the reciprocating motion of the piston. A discharge valve of
One end in the longitudinal direction is fixed inside the cylinder of the valve seat so as to cover the suction port, and is opened and closed so that fluid can be sucked into the cylinder from the suction chamber by the reciprocating motion of the piston. A flexible plate-like suction valve that operates;
In a reciprocating compressor with
A suction valve groove for accommodating the suction valve is formed on the inner surface of the cylinder of the valve seat, and a fixed end of the suction valve is formed in the suction valve groove with respect to a flat surface perpendicular to the reciprocating direction of the piston. A reciprocating compressor characterized in that an inclined surface having a groove depth gradually increasing from the side toward the free end side is formed, and the suction valve is provided along the inclined surface.

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