JP4537682B2 - Thin steel plate with lip for lightweight steel construction - Google Patents
Thin steel plate with lip for lightweight steel construction Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 92
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 92
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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Description
本発明は、板厚０．４ｍｍ〜２．３ｍｍの薄板軽量形鋼により構成される鋼構造建築物（以下、「スチールハウス」という。）等に用いられる、主にゆがみ座屈により部材強度が支配されるリップ付き形鋼に関する。 The present invention is used for a steel structure building (hereinafter referred to as “steel house”) composed of thin lightweight steel having a thickness of 0.4 mm to 2.3 mm, and the member strength is mainly due to distortion buckling. It relates to the shape steel with lip to be controlled.
図１は、リップ付き形鋼を溝形鋼とした実施例を示すものである。リップ付き溝形鋼１は、ウェブ２と、ウェブ２の両端からウェブ２と直交する方向に延びるフランジ３と、フランジ３の先端からウェブ２と平行に内側に延びるリップ４とを有するように成形される。
図１１は、リップ付き形鋼をＺ形鋼とした実施例を示すものである。リップ付きＺ形鋼５は、フランジ３が、ウェブ２の両端からウェブ２を挟んでそれぞれ対向する向きに延びている点が、前記リップ付き溝形鋼１と異なるが、本願発明で扱うフランジ３に生じる座屈の力学的性状はほぼ同一となる。そのため、以下の設明では、リップ付き溝形鋼１を用いて行う。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which a shaped steel with a lip is a grooved steel. The lip-
FIG. 11 shows an example in which a lip-shaped steel is a Z-shaped steel. The Z-
従来のリップ付き溝形鋼のリップ長Ｃｄの長さを設定する根拠として、アメリカ鉄鋼協会が編集した「冷間成形形鋼部材の設計マニュアル」（非特許文献１）等があり、リップ長Ｃｄの必要リップ長Ｃｏを定める式として下記（１）式が与えられている。以下、下記（１）式により算出された、従来技術に基づく必要リップ長をＣｏと表して、Ｃｄと区別する。
Ｃｏ＝ｍａｘ〔２．８ｔ［（Ａ／ｔ）２−２８０００／σｙ］１／６，４．８ｔ〕・（１）
（但し、Ａは、フランジの幅（ｍｍ）、ｔは、形鋼の板厚（ｍｍ）、σｙは、鋼材の降伏点（Ｎ／ｍｍ２）
As a basis for setting the length of the lip length C d of conventional lipped groove-shaped steel, American Iron and Steel Institute has edited "cold-formed section steel member design manual" has (Non-Patent Document 1), etc., the lip length The following formula (1) is given as a formula for determining the required lip length Co of Cd . Hereinafter, the required lip length based on the conventional technique calculated by the following equation (1) is expressed as Co and distinguished from Cd.
Co = max [2.8 t [(A / t) 2 −28000 / σy] 1/6 , 4.8 t] · (1)
(Where A is the flange width (mm), t is the shape steel plate thickness (mm), and σy is the yield point of the steel (N / mm 2 ).
図２（a）は、式（１）により、横軸にフランジ幅Ａ（ｍｍ）、縦軸にリップ長Ｃｄ（ｍｍ）の関係を表したものであり、素材降伏点σｙをＳＮ４００材あるいはＳＳ４００材等の建築基準法で定められる鋼材の設計基準強度（以下F値と呼称）である２３５Ｎ／ｍｍ２とした場合の必要リップ長Ｃｏの計算結果を破線で示している。計算は、板厚ｔを１．６ｍｍから４．５ｍｍまで変化させて行った。 2 (a) is the equation (1), the horizontal axis flange width A (mm), and shows a relationship of the lip length C d (mm) on the vertical axis, SN400 material the material yield point σy or The calculation result of the required lip length Co in the case of 235 N / mm 2 which is the design standard strength (hereinafter referred to as F value) of the steel material defined by the Building Standard Law such as SS400 material is indicated by a broken line. The calculation was performed by changing the plate thickness t from 1.6 mm to 4.5 mm.
図２（a）に示される計算結果にＪＩＳ規格に示される形鋼寸法を●印で重ねたものが図２（ｂ）であり、●印で示したＪＩＳに規定された形鋼寸法が概ね必要リップ長Ｃｏの計算結果と合致していることが確認できる。 Fig. 2 (b) shows the calculation results shown in Fig. 2 (a) with the shape steel dimensions shown in the JIS standard superimposed on the ● mark, and the shape steel dimensions specified in the JIS indicated by the ● mark are roughly It can be confirmed that it matches the calculation result of the necessary lip length Co.
板厚が０．８ｍｍ以上１．６ｍｍ以下である薄板軽量リップ溝形鋼の典型的な寸法は、前記「薄板軽量形鋼造建築物の設計の手引き」 国土交通省国土技術政策総合研究所および独立行政法人建築研究所監修、社団法人日本鉄鋼連盟編集、技報堂出版２００２年６月２５日発行（非特許文献２）等に示されているが、その中では、リップ長Ｃｄは、１２ｍｍから２０ｍｍの範囲となっている。 Typical dimensions of thin lightweight lip groove steel with a thickness of 0.8 mm or more and 1.6 mm or less are the above-mentioned “Guidelines for designing thin lightweight steel structures” Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism It is shown by the National Institute for Architecture Research, edited by the Japan Iron and Steel Federation, published by Gihodo Publishing on June 25, 2002 (Non-Patent Document 2), among which the lip length Cd is from 12mm The range is 20 mm.
図３は、図２と同様な必要リップ長Ｃｏの計算結果を破線で示すものであり、鉄鋼連盟規格が、概ね必要リップ長Ｃｏの計算結果と合致していることが確認できる。なお、素材降伏点σｙは、ＳＧＣ４００材のＦ値である２８０Ｎ／ｍｍ２とした。 FIG. 3 shows the calculation result of the required lip length Co similar to that of FIG. 2 by a broken line, and it can be confirmed that the Federation of Iron and Steel Standards generally agrees with the calculation result of the required lip length Co. The material yield point σy was 280 N / mm 2 which is the F value of the SGC400 material.
以上のように、リップ溝形鋼のリップ長Ｃｄは、前記式（１）により求められる必要リップ長Ｃｏに概ね基づいて定められていることを説明してきた。これは、リップ長Ｃｄを概ね必要リップ長Ｃｏに相当する長さにすれば、形鋼のフランジを四辺単純支持（四辺ともピン支持）された板要素、すなわち弾性板座屈係数ｋ＝４．０となる板座屈が生起する板要素として取扱うことができ、設計上有利である上、設計が簡単になることによるものである。リップ長Ｃｄが必要リップ長Ｃｏに満たない場合には、四辺単純支持板として扱うことができなくなるため、リップ長に応じた座屈係数を適宜低減して定めならければならない等の設計手間が生じる上、部材強度は必要リップ長Ｃｏの場合よりも小さくなる。逆に、リップ長Ｃｄを必要リップ長Ｃｏよりも長くしても、リップによるフランジの補剛効果は大きくなることがなく（弾性板座屈係数ｋは４．０を越えて大きくならない）、リップ自身にも局部座屈が発生するため構造的にメリットがないとされてきた。すなわち、必要リップ長Ｃｏに相当する長さが構造上、経済上最適な形態とされてきた。 As described above, the lip length C d of the lip groove-shaped steel, have been described that are determined generally based on the required lip length Co obtained by the equation (1). This is because if the lip length Cd is approximately equivalent to the required lip length Co, the plate element in which the flange of the shape steel is simply supported on all four sides (pin support on all four sides), that is, the elastic plate buckling coefficient k = 4. This is because it can be handled as a plate element in which a plate buckling of 0.0 occurs, which is advantageous in design and simplifies the design. If the lip length C d is less than the required lip length Co, since can not be treated as four sides simply supported plate, the design effort, etc. shall if determined appropriately reducing the number of seats屈係corresponding to lip length In addition, the member strength is smaller than that of the required lip length Co. Conversely, even longer than the lip length C d the necessary lip length Co, without stiffening effect increases the flange by the lip (elastic plate seat屈係number k does not increase beyond 4.0), It has been said that the lip itself has no structural advantage because local buckling occurs. That is, a length corresponding to the required lip length Co has been structurally and economically optimal.
図４（ａ）（ｂ）は、スチールハウス等に利用される薄板軽量形鋼部材の中でも代表的なＣ＿８９×４４．５×１２（以下、薄板軽量形鋼という。）を用いた場合、板厚ｔ＝１．０ｍｍの薄板軽量形鋼の弾性座屈曲線を局部座屈（ここではウェブの板座屈）と全体座屈に分けて示したものである。それぞれの縦軸は弾性座屈応力度σｅ（Ｎ／ｍｍ２）であり、横軸は座屈半波長Ｌｂ（ｍｍ）（設計では部材長さとみなすことができる。）である。図４（ｂ）に示すように全体座屈として「ゆがみ座屈」と「曲げねじれ座屈」の２つの座屈が生じることになるが、Ｌｂが比較的短い領域（図中ゆがみ座屈領域としめす領域）では、ゆがみ座屈の強度が曲げねじれ座屈の強度を大きく下回ることになり、本来のリップ付き溝形鋼の性能が十分に発揮されていないことが分かる。これは、従来のリップ付き溝形鋼のリップ長Ｃｄが短いために生じる問題であることが新たに判明した。図１０に、リップ付き溝形鋼の局部座屈、ゆがみ座屈、曲げねじれ座屈、曲げ座屈の座屈性状、断面状態を示す。 4 (a) and 4 (b) show the case where a typical C_89 × 44.5 × 12 (hereinafter referred to as “ thin and light-weight steel ”) is used among thin and light-weight steel members used in steel houses and the like. The elastic buckling line of the thin lightweight steel having a thickness of t = 1.0 mm is divided into local buckling (here, web plate buckling) and overall buckling. Each vertical axis represents an elastic buckling stress degree σe (N / mm 2 ), and the horizontal axis represents a buckling half wavelength Lb (mm) (which can be regarded as a member length in design). As shown in FIG. 4B, two bucklings of "distortion buckling" and "bending torsional buckling" occur as a whole buckling, but a region where Lb is relatively short (a distortion buckling region in the figure). In the squeezing region), it can be seen that the strength of distortion buckling is significantly lower than the strength of bending torsional buckling, and the performance of the original lip-shaped channel steel is not sufficiently exhibited. This has proved to newly lip length C d of conventional lipped groove-shaped steel is a problem that occurs for short. FIG. 10 shows local buckling, distortion buckling, bending torsional buckling, buckling properties of bending buckling, and a cross-sectional state of a lip-shaped channel steel.
一方、図５（ａ）（ｂ）では、図４と同じ外径寸法を持ち板厚３．２ｍｍとした薄板軽量形鋼の弾性座屈曲線を局部座屈（ここではウェブの板座屈）と全体座屈に分けて示したものである。それぞれの縦軸は弾性座屈応力度σｅ（Ｎ／ｍｍ２）であり、横軸は座屈半波長Ｌｂ（ｍｍ）（設計では部材長さとみなすことができる。）である。板厚が変化しても、ゆがみ座屈と曲げねじれ座屈が生じるといった全体性状は同じである。しかし、部材強度を支配するゆがみ座屈強度極小値の値に注目すると大きな違いがあり、板厚ｔ＝１．０ｍｍの場合のゆがみ座屈強度極小値が２４０Ｎ／ｍｍ２であるのに対して、板厚ｔ＝３．２ｍｍの場合のゆがみ座屈強度極小値が１０５０Ｎ／ｍｍ２となっている。
鋼材の降伏点がＦ値として、２３５Ｎ／ｍｍ２から３４５Ｎ／ｍｍ２の間で与えられていることを考えると、板厚ｔ＝３．２ｍｍの場合では、弾性計算の結果としてゆがみ座屈の発生が示されるが、実際の部材においては、素材の降伏が先行するため、ゆがみ座屈による強度低下はほとんど生じないことが判明した。すなわち、前述のリップ付き溝形鋼のリップ長が短いために生じる問題は、板厚が薄い場合に限定される問題であることが判明した。
On the other hand, in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the elastic buckling line of the thin lightweight steel having the same outer diameter as FIG. 4 and the plate thickness of 3.2 mm is locally buckled (here, web plate buckling). It is divided into the overall buckling. Each vertical axis represents an elastic buckling stress degree σe (N / mm 2 ), and the horizontal axis represents a buckling half wavelength Lb (mm) (which can be regarded as a member length in the design). Even if the plate thickness changes, the overall properties such as distortion buckling and bending torsional buckling are the same. However, paying attention to the value of the minimum value of the distortion buckling strength that dominates the member strength, there is a large difference, whereas the minimum value of the distortion buckling strength when the thickness t = 1.0 mm is 240 N / mm 2 . The minimum value of the distortion buckling strength when the plate thickness t = 3.2 mm is 1050 N / mm 2 .
Considering that the yield point of steel is given as an F value between 235 N / mm 2 and 345 N / mm 2 , in the case of plate thickness t = 3.2 mm, the result of elastic buckling is Although the occurrence is shown, in an actual member, since the yield of the material precedes, it was found that there is almost no decrease in strength due to distortion buckling. That is, it has been found that the problem caused by the short lip length of the grooved steel with the lip described above is a problem limited to a case where the plate thickness is thin.
本発明は、上記従来技術の持つ問題点を解消した、板厚が２．３ｍｍ未満のリップ付き形鋼のリップ長Ｃｄを、従来において単位重量あたりの強度が低下すると考えられていた範囲まで延長し、ゆがみ座屈強度に対する抵抗性能を最大化できるようにした薄板軽量形鋼造用リップ付き形鋼としてのリップ付き溝形鋼又はリップ付きＺ形鋼を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has solved the problems of the prior art, to the extent that the plate thickness of the lip length C d of lipped section steel of less than 2.3 mm, the strength per unit weight in the conventional is believed to decrease An object of the present invention is to provide a grooved steel with a lip or a Z-shaped steel with a lip as a shaped steel with a lip for thin plate light-weight steel , which can be extended and maximize the resistance performance against distortion buckling strength.
本第１発明は、前記課題を解決するため、板厚ｔが２．３ｍｍ未満であり、リップ長Ｃｄ（ｍｍ）が、Ｃｄ＝−０．００３２Ａ２＋０．８Ａ＋１を上限とし、Ｃｄ＝−０．００３２Ａ２＋０．８Ａ−１６を下限とし、かつ、Ｃｄ＞２５とする範囲で区画されることを特徴とする薄板軽量形鋼造用リップ付き形鋼である。（但し、Ａはフランジ幅である。） In the first invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the plate thickness t is less than 2.3 mm, the lip length Cd (mm) is Cd = −0.0032A 2 + 0.8A + 1, and Cd = −0 It is a section steel with a lip for thin plate lightweight section steel construction , characterized by being partitioned in a range where Cd> 25 is set with a lower limit of .0032A 2 + 0.8A-16. (However, A is the flange width.)
本第２発明は、本第１発明の薄板軽量形鋼造用リップ付き形鋼において、前記リップ付き形鋼が溝形鋼であることを特徴とする。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the shape steel with a lip for thin plate lightweight section steel construction according to the first aspect of the invention, the shape steel with a lip is a channel steel.
本第３発明は、本第１発明の薄板軽量形鋼造用リップ付き形鋼において、前記リップ付き形鋼が溝形鋼であることを特徴とする。 The third invention is characterized in that in the thin steel light weight steel structure lip-shaped steel of the first invention, the lip-shaped steel is a channel steel.
本第４発明は、本第１発明又は本第２発明のリップ付き形鋼において、前記リップ付き形鋼が溝形鋼であることを特徴とする。 The fourth invention is characterized in that in the shaped steel with a lip of the first invention or the second invention, the shaped steel with a lip is a grooved steel.
本発明の構成により、板厚２．３ｍｍ未満のリップ付き溝形鋼又はリップ付きＺ形鋼において、部材強度を支配するゆがみ座屈強度を最大化することができるリップ長さを設計することが可能となる。
本発明の構成により、板厚２．３ｍｍ未満のリップ付き溝形鋼又はリップ付きＺ形鋼において、部材強度を支配するゆがみ座屈強度を、最大化した場合の９５％以上の強度になるようにリップ長さを設計することが可能となり、さらに従来の鉄鋼連盟の規格及びＪＩＳの規格を除く、部材強度を支配するゆがみ強度を有するリップ長さを設計可能にする。
With the configuration of the present invention , it is possible to design a lip length capable of maximizing the distortion buckling strength that dominates the member strength in a grooved steel with a lip having a plate thickness of less than 2.3 mm or a Z-shaped steel with a lip. It becomes possible.
According to the configuration of the present invention, in the grooved steel with lip or the Z-shaped steel with lip having a plate thickness of less than 2.3 mm, the distortion buckling strength governing the member strength is 95% or more when maximized. In addition, it is possible to design a lip length having a distortion strength that dominates the member strength, excluding the conventional steel federation standard and JIS standard.
図６は、薄板軽量形鋼Ｃ＿８９×４４．５×Ｃｄ（ここでＣｄはリップ長）におけるリップ長Ｃｄと弾性ゆがみ座屈強度の関係を示すもので、縦軸は弾性座屈強度σｅを、横軸はリップ長Ｃｄを示している。図中には板厚の異なる３つの計算結果を示しており、強度の高い方から、ｔ＝２．３ｍｍ、ｔ＝１．６ｍｍ、ｔ＝１．０ｍｍの場合の結果である。それぞれの曲線の極大値を与える時の横軸の値が、ゆがみ座屈強度を最大化できるリップ長となる。薄板軽量形鋼Ｃ＿８９×４４．５×Ｃｄの場合は、板厚には関係なく、概ねリップ長Ｃｄ＝２２ｍｍの時、ゆがみ座屈強度が最大値になることが分かる。 Figure 6 is a thin lightweight shape steel C_89 × 44.5 × C d (where C d is the lip length) shows the relationship between the lip length C d and the elastic distortion buckling strength in, the vertical axis represents elastic buckling strength the Sigma] e, the horizontal axis represents the lip length C d. In the figure, three calculation results with different plate thicknesses are shown. From the higher strength, the results are for t = 2.3 mm, t = 1.6 mm, and t = 1.0 mm. The value on the horizontal axis when giving the maximum value of each curve is the lip length that can maximize the distortion buckling strength. In the case of the thin lightweight steel C_89 × 44.5 × C d , it can be seen that the distortion buckling strength becomes the maximum value when the lip length C d is approximately 22 mm regardless of the plate thickness.
また、リップ長が２２ｍｍを越えると強度は減少傾向に移るが、リップ長が３０ｍｍ前後の長さになるまでは、最大強度の約９５％に相当する強度を保っていることが分かる。これらの検討結果をリップ付き溝形鋼の形状に反映させると、例えば、ウェブせいＨ＝８９ｍｍ、フランジ幅Ａ＝４５ｍｍ、リップ長Ｃｄ＝２２ｍｍというように、従来技術にない薄板軽量リップ付き溝形鋼を構成することができ、ｔ＝１．０ｍｍの時の弾性ゆがみ座屈強度は、リップ長Ｃｄを１２ｍｍとした従来のリップ付き溝形鋼の約１．３倍の強度まで向上させることができる。 In addition, when the lip length exceeds 22 mm, the strength tends to decrease, but it can be seen that the strength corresponding to about 95% of the maximum strength is maintained until the lip length reaches about 30 mm. Reflecting the results of these studies on the shape of the lip-shaped channel steel, for example, web web H = 89 mm, flange width A = 45 mm, lip length C d = 22 mm, and a thin and light-weight lip groove not in the prior art. Shaped steel can be constructed, and the elastic distortion buckling strength when t = 1.0 mm is improved to about 1.3 times the strength of the conventional lip-shaped grooved steel having a lip length Cd of 12 mm. be able to.
図７は、図６に示すようなリップ長とゆがみ座屈強度の関係曲線から、幾つかの代表的なリップ付き溝形鋼のゆがみ座屈強度を最大化できるようなリップ長を抽出し、フランジ幅Ａとの関係を示したものである。図中横軸は、フランジ幅Ａ（ｍｍ）を、縦軸はゆがみ座屈強度を最大化できるリップ長Ｃｄ（ｍｍ）を示している。図中には３種類の薄板軽量形鋼の計算結果を示しているが、実線（○）は薄板軽量形鋼のウェブせいＨ＝８９ｍｍの結果を、点線（◇）は薄板軽量形鋼のウェブせいＨ＝１１０ｍｍの結果を、破線（△）は薄板軽量形鋼のウェブせいＨ＝１３３．５ｍｍの結果をそれぞれ示している。ウェブせいＨの影響により僅かな変化はあるものの、概ねフランジ幅Ａの値によりリップ長Ｃｄの値を定めることができる。 FIG. 7 extracts the lip length that can maximize the distortion buckling strength of some typical lip-shaped channel steels from the relationship curve between the lip length and the distortion buckling strength as shown in FIG. The relationship with the flange width A is shown. In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates the flange width A (mm), and the vertical axis indicates the lip length Cd (mm) that can maximize the distortion buckling strength. The figure shows the calculation results for three types of thin lightweight steels . The solid line (○) shows the results for web of thin lightweight steel , H = 89mm, and the dotted line (◇) shows the web for thin lightweight steel . The result of H = 110 mm is indicated by the broken line, and the broken line (Δ) indicates the result of H = 133.5 mm of the web of the thin lightweight steel plate . Although there is a slight change due to the influence of web web H, the value of lip length Cd can be determined by the value of flange width A.
上記結果から、ゆがみ座屈強度を最大化するためのリップ長Ｃｄとウェブ幅Ａとの関係は、下記の式（２）で評価することができる。
Ｃｄ＝−０．００３２Ａ２＋０．８Ａ−７．５・・・・（２）
図８には、上記（２）式により求められるリップ長Ｃｄの最適値の曲線を点線の丸２で示す。最大強度のほぼ９５％以上の強度があれば、使用上問題がないので、上下限にその範囲を設定する。図中最適値の曲線の最大強度の９５％程度に保たれる上限の曲線を実線丸１で示し、最適値の曲線の最大強度の９５％程度に保たれる下限の曲線を実線丸３で示す。
実線丸１で示される上限の曲線は、下記の式（３）で示される。
Ｃｄ＝−０．００３２Ａ２＋０．８Ａ＋１・・・・（３）
実線丸３で示される下限の曲線は、下記の式（４）で示される。
Ｃｄ＝−０．００３２Ａ２＋０．８Ａ−１６・・・（４）
From the above results, the relationship between the lip length Cd and the web width A for maximizing the distortion buckling strength can be evaluated by the following equation (2).
Cd = −0.0032A 2 + 0.8A−7.5 (2)
In FIG. 8, the curve of the optimum value of the lip length Cd obtained by the above equation (2) is indicated by a
The upper limit curve indicated by the
Cd = −0.0032A 2 + 0.8A + 1 (3)
The lower limit curve indicated by the
Cd = −0.0032A 2 + 0.8A−16 (4)
図９は、図８で示される丸１〜丸３の曲線に加え、式（１）により与えられ板厚の上限値であるｔ＝２．３ｍｍとして計算した結果を破線丸４で示し、ＪＩＳで規格される範囲を丸５で示し、鉄鋼連盟の薄板軽量形鋼の規格の範囲を丸６で示す。板厚が２．３ｍｍより薄くなる場合では、破線丸４は本願発明の下側に推移し、即ち、式（１）で与えられる範囲は、本願発明の範囲外である。
FIG. 9 shows the result of calculation as t = 2.3 mm which is the upper limit value of the plate thickness given by the equation (1) in addition to the
ＪＩＳ規格の範囲は、リップ長Ｃｄが２５ｍｍを越える範囲ではないから、本発明の範囲外である。 The range of the JIS standard is outside the range of the present invention because the lip length Cd is not in the range exceeding 25 mm.
１ リップ付き溝形鋼
２ ウェブ
３ フランジ
４ リップ
５ リップ付きＺ形鋼
1 Channel steel with
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