JP4536899B2 - Hot and cold water type air conditioner - Google Patents

Hot and cold water type air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4536899B2
JP4536899B2 JP2000313406A JP2000313406A JP4536899B2 JP 4536899 B2 JP4536899 B2 JP 4536899B2 JP 2000313406 A JP2000313406 A JP 2000313406A JP 2000313406 A JP2000313406 A JP 2000313406A JP 4536899 B2 JP4536899 B2 JP 4536899B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
cold
hot water
temperature
hot
valve
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JP2000313406A
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JP2002122342A (en
Inventor
薫 河本
莉恵 中山
克人 池田
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
Rinnai Corp
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
Rinnai Corp
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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、熱交換器とブロワとを備えた室内機に、冷房時には冷水、暖房時には温水を循環させる冷温水式冷暖房装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
冷温水式冷暖房装置では、冷温水の温度は、熱効率、作動流体である水の作動温度範囲、機器の配管部品の耐久性および安全性などの必要性から、冷房運転時には０℃〜７℃程度に設定され、暖房運転時には６０℃程度に設定される。これに対し、空調室温は暖房時には２４℃前後、冷房時には２６℃前後が選択されることが多いため、暖房時には能力が過剰となる。
【０００３】
空調は室内機の熱交換器へ循環する冷温水の流量およびブロワの風量を調整して行われる。暖房時に６０℃の冷温水の循環流量を一定にして、ブロワの風量を小さくすることにより空調を行うと、風量不足で室内機の近傍のみ高温度となる。このため、室内機の室温センサによる室温測定状態が悪化し適性な空調が困難になる。また、冷温水の循環路に熱動弁を取り付けてオン・オフさせ室内機を流れる冷温水の流量を低減させる方法では、吹出温度のハンチングが生じる。
【０００４】
このため、従来は、図６に示す如く、室内機２に冷温水の温度センサＳを付設し、冷温水の循環流路３にギアドモーターバルブＶを取り付けて、制御装置Ｃにより冷温水の温度に応じて弁開度を調整し冷温水の流量を増減させるとともにブロワ２６の風量を増減させる高度な制御を行っている。
【０００５】
冷温水の冷温熱源として、吸収式冷凍機にバーナで加熱した吸収液により冷温水を加熱する方式の暖房機構を付加した吸収式冷暖房装置が好適である。吸収式冷凍機は、バーナで臭化リチウム水溶液などの低濃度吸収液が収容された再生器を加熱し、該再生器の内部の低濃度吸収液を沸騰させ、水蒸気と高濃度吸収液とに分離する。つぎに、水蒸気を冷却して凝縮器で凝縮させた水を、蒸発器内に配した冷温水コイルに滴下させながら吸収器内で高濃度吸収液に吸収させ、再生器に帰還させる。この水が蒸発する際に、冷温水コイル内を循環する冷温水が７℃程度に冷却され、冷房時の冷熱源となる。
【０００６】
暖房機構は、吸収式冷凍機に再生器と蒸発器とを連絡する吸収液流路および開閉弁を付設し、暖房時にバーナで低濃度吸収液を加熱し、高温となった低濃度吸収液を前記冷温水コイルの周囲に導き、冷温水コイル内を循環する冷温水を６０℃程度に加熱する構成を有する。吸収式冷暖房装置の冷房運転または暖房運転により生成した冷温水は、水ポンプにより室内熱交換器とブロワとを備えた室内機に循環され、冷房または暖房がなされる。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この温度センサＳとギアドモーターバルブＶとを室内機２に取り付ける構成では、ギアドモーターバルブＶ、温度センサＳ、制御装置Ｃが必要であるとともに、ギアドモーターバルブＶでフラッシュ（沸騰）が発生しやすく夜間など静粛が必要とされる使用においては沸騰音の問題がある。
この発明の目的は、簡単な構成で暖房時の空調を適正化でき、低コストで静粛な冷温水式冷暖房装置の提供にある。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は、熱交換器とブロワとを備えた室内機に、冷房時には冷水、暖房時には温水を循環させる冷温水式冷暖房装置において、冷温水の循環流路に設置されて、冷温水の温度により弁開度を増減するように弁体を動かす感温アクチュエータを有し、冷温水の温度により弁開度を増減して冷温水の流量を調節する感温弁を備え、感温弁によって、暖房運転時の冷温水の流量を冷房運転時に較べて低減させている。具体的には、熱交換器は複数の並列した冷温水管を有し、感温弁は複数の冷温水管の一部を閉じることで、冷温水の流量を調節する。感温弁は、弁体を動かす感温アクチュエータとして、形状記憶合金、ワックスペレットまたはバイメタルを用いたものが使用できる。
【０００９】
【発明の効果】
この発明では、冷却水の温度により変位する形状記憶合金、ワックスペレット、バイメタルなどの感温アクチュエータ（駆動手段）を有し、自動的に開閉する感温弁を室内機の循環流路に設け、例えば冷温水が２０℃以下では全開または大きい開度で開弁し、４０℃以上で閉弁または小さい開度に絞られて冷房時に較べ暖房時の冷温水の流量を低減させる。このため、簡単な構成で暖房時の冷温水の流量を絞ることができる。この結果、コストが安く、吹出温度のハンチングやフラッシュによる騒音の発生も防止できる。
【００１０】
請求項２に記載の発明は、吸収式冷凍装置にバーナで加熱した吸収液により冷温水を加熱する方式の暖房機構を組み込んだ室外機と、該室外機に冷温水の循環流路で連結された室内機とを備え、前記室外機の冷房運転または暖房運転で生成した低温度または高温度の冷温水を前記室内機の熱交換器に循環させるとともに、室内機のブロワで送風して冷房または暖房を行う吸収式冷暖房装置を用いて、前記冷温水の循環路に、冷温水の温度により弁開度が変化する感温弁を設置し、暖房運転時の冷温水の流量を冷房運転時に較べて低減させることを特徴とする。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１はこの発明の第１実施例にかかる冷温水式冷暖房装置の概略を示し、吸収式冷凍装置にバーナで加熱した吸収液により冷温水を加熱する方式の暖房機構を組み込んだ室外機１を備える。室外機１は、熱交換器２０とブロワ２６とを有する室内機２に冷温水の循環流路３で連結されている。室外機１は公知の構成を有し、冷房運転時は循環流路３に７℃程度に冷却した冷温水を生成し、暖房運転時には６０℃程度に加熱した冷温水を生成する。室外機１で生成された冷温水は、液体ポンプにより循環流路３に吐出される。
【００１２】
室内機２の熱交換器２０の入口には感温弁４が取り付けられている。感温弁４は、図２の（イ）に示す如く、内部が冷温水の流路となっている中空のボディ４１と、該ボディ４１の下流側に形成した弁口４２とを備える。中空のボディ４１内には形状記憶合金または形状記憶樹脂で形成した板状の感温アクチュエータ４３が設置されており、感温アクチュエータ４３には、前記弁口４２に臨んで弁体４４が取り付けられている。
【００１３】
空調により室温を例えば２４℃に保つ場合には、冷熱源である７℃の冷温水との温度差が１７℃であるのに対し、温熱源である６０℃の冷温水との温度差は３６℃存在する。このため、冷温水の流量を暖房時には冷房時に比較し１／４以下に絞ることが必要になる。
【００１４】
感温弁４は、冷温水の温度が２０℃以下のときは弁体４４が弁口４２から遠離して全開しており、冷温水の温度が４０℃以上のときは弁体４４が弁口４２に接近して弁開度を小さく絞る。これにより、室内機２の熱交換器２０を流れる冷温水の流量は、冷房運転時を１００％とすると暖房運転時には約２５％になる。この結果、ブロワ２６の風量を十分大きくでき、室内温度分布が良好で室内機２の室温センサによる室温測定状態も改善できる。
【００１５】
図２の（ロ）は他の実施例にかかる感温弁５を示し、形状記憶型の感温アクチュエータ４３の代わりに、バイメタル５１を用いている。
図２の（ハ）はさらに他の実施例にかかる感温弁６を示す。感温弁６は、ボディ６１内に、感温アクチュエータとしてのワックスペレット（ワックスエレメント）６２をフランジ６３で同軸的に固定した構成を有する。ワックスペレット６２は、径大胴部の内部にワックスが充填された壜状本体６４と、その径小首筒内に軸方向へ摺動自在に嵌め込まれたピストン６５を有する。ピストン６５の先端には弁口６６の弁開度を調整する弁体６７が取り付けられている。
【００１６】
図３は第２実施例を示す。この実施例では、熱交換器２０は並設された４本の冷温水管２１〜２４および放熱フィン２５からなり、冷温水の上流側の冷温水管２４と、下流側の冷温水管２１〜２３との間には、感温弁４が取り付けられている。感温弁４は、冷温水の温度が２０℃以下のときは弁体４４が弁口４２から遠離して全開しており、冷温水の温度が４０℃以上のときは弁体４４が弁口４２に接近して弁開度を小さく絞る。
【００１７】
図４は第３実施例を示す。この実施例では、冷温水の循環流路３の室内機２の上流に、絞り７付のバイパス流路７１を設け 感温弁４を主流路７２の開閉に使っている。感温弁４は、冷温水の温度が２０℃以下のときは全開し、冷温水の温度が４０℃以上のときは閉じ、冷房運転時と暖房運転時の冷温水の循環流量を約１：０．２に調節する。
【００１８】
図５は第４実施例を示す。この実施例では、熱交換器２０に並行して短絡流路８を設け、短絡流路８に感温弁４を設けている。この実施例の感温弁４は、上記の実施例とは逆に、冷温水の温度が２０℃以下のときは弁体４４が弁口４２に近接して閉弁し、冷温水の温度が４０℃以上のときは弁体４４が弁口４２から遠離し全開する。これにより、冷温水の８０％は短絡流路８を流れ、熱交換器２０には冷温水の２０％が流れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 第１実施例の冷温水式冷暖房装置の概略図である。
【図２】 感温弁の断面図である。
【図３】 第２実施例の冷温水式冷暖房装置の概略図である。
【図４】 第３実施例の冷温水式冷暖房装置の概略図である。
【図５】 第４実施例の冷温水式冷暖房装置の概略図である。
【図６】 従来の吸収式冷暖房装置の概略図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 室外機
２ 室内機
３ 循環流路
４ 感温弁
８ 短絡流路
２０ 熱交換器
２１、２２、２３、２４ 冷温水管
２６ ブロワ
４３ 感温アクチュエータ
４４ 弁体
７１ バイパス流路
７２ 主流路[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cold / hot water type air conditioner that circulates cold water during cooling and hot water during heating in an indoor unit including a heat exchanger and a blower.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the cold / hot water type air conditioner, the temperature of the cold / hot water is about 0 ° C to 7 ° C during cooling operation due to the necessity of thermal efficiency, working temperature range of water as working fluid, durability and safety of equipment piping parts, etc. And is set to about 60 ° C. during heating operation. On the other hand, the air-conditioning room temperature is often around 24 ° C. during heating and around 26 ° C. during cooling, so that the capacity becomes excessive during heating.
[0003]
Air conditioning is performed by adjusting the flow rate of cold / hot water circulating to the heat exchanger of the indoor unit and the air volume of the blower. When air conditioning is performed by keeping the circulating flow of cold / hot water at 60 ° C. constant during heating and reducing the air volume of the blower, the air temperature becomes high only in the vicinity of the indoor unit due to insufficient air volume. For this reason, the room temperature measurement state by the room temperature sensor of the indoor unit deteriorates, and appropriate air conditioning becomes difficult. Further, in the method of reducing the flow rate of the cold / warm water flowing through the indoor unit by attaching a thermal valve to the cold / warm water circulation path and turning it on / off, hunting of the blowing temperature occurs.
[0004]
For this reason, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 6, a temperature sensor S for cold / hot water is attached to the indoor unit 2, a geared motor valve V is attached to the circulation channel 3 for cold / warm water, and the cold / hot water is controlled by the control device C. Advanced control is performed to adjust the valve opening according to the temperature to increase or decrease the flow rate of the cold / hot water and to increase or decrease the air volume of the blower 26.
[0005]
As the cold / hot water source of cold / hot water, an absorption-type air conditioner in which a heating mechanism of a system for heating cold / hot water with an absorption liquid heated by a burner is added to an absorption-type refrigerator. The absorption refrigerator heats a regenerator containing a low-concentration absorbing liquid such as a lithium bromide aqueous solution in a burner, boils the low-concentration absorbing liquid inside the regenerator, and converts it into water vapor and a high-concentrated absorbing liquid. To separate. Next, the water condensed by the condenser after cooling the water vapor is dropped into the cold / hot water coil disposed in the evaporator, absorbed in the high concentration absorbent in the absorber, and returned to the regenerator. When this water evaporates, the cold / warm water circulating in the cold / hot water coil is cooled to about 7 ° C., and becomes a cold heat source during cooling.
[0006]
The heating mechanism is equipped with an absorption flow path and an on-off valve that connect the regenerator and evaporator to the absorption refrigerator, and the low-concentration absorption liquid heated to a high temperature is heated by a burner during heating. It has the structure which heats the cold / hot water which guide | circulates around the said cold / hot water coil and circulates through the inside of a cold / hot water coil to about 60 degreeC. The cold / warm water generated by the cooling operation or heating operation of the absorption air conditioner is circulated to an indoor unit including an indoor heat exchanger and a blower by a water pump to be cooled or heated.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the configuration in which the temperature sensor S and the geared motor valve V are attached to the indoor unit 2, the geared motor valve V, the temperature sensor S, and the control device C are required, and flushing (boiling) is performed at the geared motor valve V. There is a problem of boiling noise in use that tends to occur and requires quietness at night.
An object of the present invention is to provide a cold / hot water type air conditioning apparatus that can optimize air conditioning during heating with a simple configuration and is low-cost and quiet.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
This invention relates to an indoor unit equipped with a heat exchanger and a blower, in a cold / hot water type air conditioner that circulates cold water during cooling and hot water during heating, and is installed in a circulation channel of cold / hot water, It has a temperature-sensitive actuator that moves the valve body to increase or decrease the valve opening, and has a temperature-sensitive valve that adjusts the flow rate of the cold / hot water by increasing / decreasing the valve opening according to the temperature of the cold / hot water. The flow of cold / hot water during operation is reduced compared to during cooling operation . Specifically, the heat exchanger has a plurality of parallel cold / hot water pipes, and the temperature sensing valve adjusts the flow rate of the cold / hot water by closing a part of the plurality of cold / hot water pipes. The temperature sensitive valve can use a shape memory alloy, wax pellets or bimetal as a temperature sensitive actuator for moving the valve body.
[0009]
【The invention's effect】
In this invention, it has a temperature-sensitive actuator (driving means) such as a shape memory alloy, wax pellet, bimetal, etc. that is displaced by the temperature of the cooling water, and a temperature-sensitive valve that automatically opens and closes is provided in the circulation channel of the indoor unit, For example, when the hot / cold water is 20 ° C. or lower, the valve is fully opened or opened with a large opening, and when the hot / cold water is 40 ° C. or higher, the valve is closed or narrowed to a small opening, thereby reducing the flow rate of the cold / hot water during heating as compared with cooling. For this reason, the flow rate of cold / hot water during heating can be reduced with a simple configuration. As a result, the cost is low, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of noise due to blowing temperature hunting and flashing.
[0010]
The invention according to claim 2 is connected to an outdoor unit incorporating a heating mechanism for heating cold / hot water with an absorption liquid heated by a burner in an absorption refrigeration apparatus, and the outdoor unit is connected to the cold / hot water circulation channel. An indoor unit, and circulates the low-temperature or high-temperature chilled water generated by the cooling operation or heating operation of the outdoor unit to the heat exchanger of the indoor unit, and blows the air from the blower of the indoor unit for cooling or Using an absorption-type air conditioner that performs heating, a temperature-sensitive valve whose valve opening varies depending on the temperature of the cold / hot water is installed in the circulation path of the cold / hot water, and the flow rate of the cold / warm water during heating operation is compared with that during cooling operation. It is characterized by reducing.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows an outline of a cold / hot water type air conditioning apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. An outdoor unit 1 in which a heating mechanism of a system for heating cold / hot water with an absorbing liquid heated by a burner is incorporated in an absorption refrigeration apparatus. Prepare. The outdoor unit 1 is connected to an indoor unit 2 having a heat exchanger 20 and a blower 26 via a cold / hot water circulation passage 3. The outdoor unit 1 has a known configuration, and generates cold / hot water cooled to about 7 ° C. in the circulation flow path 3 during the cooling operation, and generates cold / hot water heated to about 60 ° C. during the heating operation. The cold / hot water generated by the outdoor unit 1 is discharged to the circulation channel 3 by a liquid pump.
[0012]
A temperature sensitive valve 4 is attached to the inlet of the heat exchanger 20 of the indoor unit 2. As shown in FIG. 2A, the temperature sensitive valve 4 includes a hollow body 41 having a flow path of cold / hot water inside and a valve port 42 formed on the downstream side of the body 41. A plate-shaped temperature sensitive actuator 43 formed of a shape memory alloy or a shape memory resin is installed in the hollow body 41, and a valve body 44 is attached to the temperature sensitive actuator 43 so as to face the valve opening 42. ing.
[0013]
When the room temperature is kept at, for example, 24 ° C. by air conditioning, the temperature difference from the cold / hot water of 7 ° C., which is the cold heat source, is 17 ° C., whereas the temperature difference from the cold / hot water of 60 ° C., which is the heat source, is 36 ℃ exists. For this reason, it is necessary to reduce the flow rate of cold / hot water to 1/4 or less during heating compared to during cooling.
[0014]
When the temperature of the cold / hot water is 20 ° C. or less, the temperature sensing valve 4 is fully opened away from the valve port 42, and when the temperature of the cold / hot water is 40 ° C. or more, the valve body 44 is opened. Approach 42 and reduce the valve opening. Thereby, the flow rate of the cold / warm water flowing through the heat exchanger 20 of the indoor unit 2 is about 25% during the heating operation when the cooling operation is 100%. As a result, the air volume of the blower 26 can be made sufficiently large, the indoor temperature distribution is good, and the room temperature measurement state by the room temperature sensor of the indoor unit 2 can be improved.
[0015]
FIG. 2B shows a temperature sensing valve 5 according to another embodiment, which uses a bimetal 51 instead of the shape memory type temperature sensing actuator 43.
FIG. 2 (C) shows a temperature sensitive valve 6 according to another embodiment. The temperature sensing valve 6 has a configuration in which a wax pellet (wax element) 62 as a temperature sensing actuator is coaxially fixed by a flange 63 in a body 61. The wax pellet 62 has a bowl-shaped main body 64 in which wax is filled inside the large diameter barrel portion, and a piston 65 that is slidably fitted in the small neck tube in the axial direction. A valve element 67 for adjusting the valve opening degree of the valve port 66 is attached to the tip of the piston 65.
[0016]
FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment. In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 20 includes four cold / hot water pipes 21 to 24 and heat radiating fins 25 arranged in parallel, and includes an upstream and downstream cold / hot water pipe 24 and a downstream cold / hot water pipe 21 to 23. A temperature sensing valve 4 is attached between them. When the temperature of the cold / hot water is 20 ° C. or less, the temperature sensing valve 4 is fully opened away from the valve port 42, and when the temperature of the cold / hot water is 40 ° C. or more, the valve body 44 is opened. Approach 42 and reduce the valve opening.
[0017]
FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment. In this embodiment, a bypass channel 71 with a throttle 7 is provided upstream of the indoor unit 2 in the circulating channel 3 of the cold / hot water, and the temperature sensing valve 4 is used to open and close the main channel 72. The temperature sensing valve 4 is fully opened when the temperature of the cold / hot water is 20 ° C. or less, and is closed when the temperature of the cold / hot water is 40 ° C. or more, and the circulation flow rate of the cold / warm water during the cooling operation and the heating operation is about 1: Adjust to 0.2.
[0018]
FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, the short-circuit channel 8 is provided in parallel with the heat exchanger 20, and the temperature-sensitive valve 4 is provided in the short-circuit channel 8. Contrary to the above-described embodiment, the temperature sensing valve 4 of this embodiment closes the valve body 44 close to the valve opening 42 when the temperature of the cold / hot water is 20 ° C. or less, and the temperature of the cold / hot water is When the temperature is 40 ° C. or higher, the valve body 44 is separated from the valve port 42 and fully opened. As a result, 80% of the cold / hot water flows through the short-circuit channel 8, and 20% of the cold / hot water flows through the heat exchanger 20.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cold / hot water type air conditioner of a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a temperature sensitive valve.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cold / hot water type air conditioner of a second embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cold / hot water type air conditioner according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cold / hot water type air conditioner according to a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a conventional absorption air conditioner.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outdoor unit 2 Indoor unit 3 Circulation flow path 4 Temperature sensitive valve 8 Short circuit flow path 20 Heat exchanger 21, 22, 23, 24 Cold / hot water pipe 26 Blower 43 Temperature sensitive actuator 44 Valve body 71 Bypass flow path 72 Main flow path

Claims (3)

熱交換器とブロワとを備えた室内機に、冷房時には冷水、暖房時には温水を循環させ、
冷温水の循環流路に設置されて、冷温水の温度により弁開度を増減するように弁体を動かす感温アクチュエータを有し、冷温水の温度により弁開度を増減して冷温水の流量を調節する感温弁を備え、
前記感温弁によって、暖房運転時の冷温水の流量を冷房運転時に較べて低減させる冷温水式冷暖房装置であって、
前記熱交換器は複数の並列した冷温水管を有し、前記感温弁は前記複数の冷温水管の一部を閉じることを特徴とする冷温水式冷暖房装置。An indoor unit equipped with a heat exchanger and blower circulates cold water during cooling and hot water during heating .
Is installed in the circulation flow path of the cooling warm water, having a temperature-sensitive actuator to move the valve element to increase or decrease the valve opening degree by the temperature of the hot and cold water, the hot and cold water by increasing or decreasing the valve opening degree by the temperature of the hot and cold water It has a temperature sensing valve that adjusts the flow rate,
By the sense Yutakaben, a hot and cold water type air conditioner which Ru is reduced as compared with the time of cooling operation the flow rate of cold and hot water in the heating operation,
The heat exchanger has a plurality of parallel cold / hot water pipes, and the temperature sensing valve closes a part of the plurality of cold / hot water pipes . 請求項１に記載の冷温水式冷暖房装置において、
前記冷温水の冷温熱源は、吸収式冷凍装置にバーナで加熱した吸収液により冷温水を加熱する方式の暖房機構を組み込んだ室外機であることを特徴とする冷温水式冷暖房装置。In the cold / hot water type air conditioner of Claim 1,
The cold / hot water source of the cold / hot water is an outdoor unit in which a heating mechanism of a system for heating the cold / hot water with an absorption liquid heated by a burner is incorporated in an absorption refrigeration apparatus. 請求項１または２に記載の冷温水式冷暖房装置において、
前記感温弁は、前記弁体を動かす前記感温アクチュエータとして、形状記憶合金、ワックスペレットまたはバイメタルを用いることを特徴とする冷温水式冷暖房装置。 In the cold / hot water type | formula air conditioning apparatus of Claim 1 or 2 ,
The temperature-sensitive valve uses a shape memory alloy, wax pellets or bimetal as the temperature-sensitive actuator that moves the valve body .
JP2000313406A 2000-10-13 2000-10-13 Hot and cold water type air conditioner Expired - Fee Related JP4536899B2 (en)

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