JP4535753B2 - Power generation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement of a power generation system.

  As this kind of power generation system, for example, a system including a water storage facility such as a dam as a structure, a water channel provided in the dam, and a generator provided in the middle of the water channel is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). ).

In this kind of power generation system, the water stored in the dam is pumped up and discharged into the water channel, and power is generated by rotating the impeller of the generator provided in the water channel.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-82036 (column of embodiment of the invention, FIGS. 1 and 2)

  However, the above-described conventional power generation system requires large-scale equipment such as a dam for storing water, and it is expensive to construct the facility.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a power generation system that does not require large-scale facilities.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the water channel as a distribution pipe for leading the water to an arbitrary position of the building, the drainage channel as a water pipe for collecting drainage, and the outside of the building and the drainage channel are communicated with each other. And an air passage extending upward from the connection position of the drainage channel, and a water storage tank provided in the middle of the water pipe, and in the middle of the airway or in the middle of the airway and the upper waterway or A generator is provided downstream of the drainage tank, or in the middle of the airway and downstream of the upper waterway and the drainage tank, and the generator is provided with water, drainage or gas flow paths. The case, a coil, a shaft rotatably provided in the case, a plurality of blades provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and an annular permanent magnet provided on the outer periphery of the blade. Is formed of a non-magnetic material and has a ring on the inner circumference side. A concave portion is provided, and the upper water channel, the drainage channel or the air channel is connected to both ends thereof, and the annular concave portion is composed of left and right side portions and a bottom portion, and is provided on one side portion located on the downstream side. A plurality of pairs are provided along the annular recess. The coil is provided with projections and depressions along a circumferential direction, and the coil is provided in the case so as to be opposed to the side portions of the annular recess. A support body that rotatably supports both end sides of the shaft via ball bearings is provided in the inside, and the support body is provided with a ring in which the ball bearing is inserted and extended from both ends of the ring. It is comprised by a rod-shaped body, and the edge part of the said upper and lower said rod-shaped body is each couple | bonded with the said case inner periphery, and it does not obstruct | occlude the said whole flow path .
In this case, it is preferable to include a first battery that is charged by the power generation of the generator and a second battery that is connected to the first battery when the voltage of the first battery is equal to or higher than a certain level.

  According to the present invention, large-scale facilities such as dams are not required, and power generation is possible with inexpensive facilities.

In addition, conventionally, the pump only consumes electric energy or the like to send water upward, and when the water sent upward falls, no energy is taken out and energy is consumed wastefully. However, in this power generation system, potential energy such as water that has been conventionally wasted can be converted into electric energy and extracted.
In addition, by providing a water storage tank, it is possible to perform stable power generation, and in particular, by providing a generator in the airway, pressure fluctuation due to drainage passing through the drainage channel, that is, drainage falls. Thus, the potential energy of the passing gas can be utilized by reducing the pressure in the air passage.

Moreover, if the converted electric energy is applied to a part of the electric energy consumed in the building, it is possible to save power and reduce the maintenance cost of the building.
Also, when rotated by the wing root fluid, since the wings, but the axial force acts, and irregularities are provided on the side of the downstream portion and an annular which is convex in the side The pressure of the fluid entering between the permanent magnets increases, and this pressure presses the annular permanent magnet in a direction opposite to the force acting on the blades, and even if the blades are elastically deformed by the axial force. The contact of the annular permanent magnet with the downstream side is prevented, and smooth rotation of the impeller can be ensured.
Further, since the generator is inserted into the annular recess, it does not hinder the movement of fluid in the flow path, and the coil is disposed outside the flow path, so that the movement of the fluid is also prevented in this respect. There is nothing.
Therefore, energy loss at the time of energy conversion can be reduced and efficient power generation becomes possible.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the first capacitor is charged and becomes equal to or higher than a certain voltage, the second capacitor is charged, so that stable power supply can be performed.

  The present invention will be described below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a power generation system according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the generator in one embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a side portion of the annular recess of the generator. FIG. 4 is a front view of a blade of the generator in one embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the magnetic pole arrangement of the annular permanent magnet of the generator. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another magnetic pole arrangement of the annular permanent magnet of the generator. FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of another generator according to one embodiment. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a power storage device in the power generation system according to the embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the electric power generation system in one Embodiment is comprised by the water channel distributed in the building A, and the generator G provided in the middle of the water channel.

  Hereinafter, in detail, the building A is installed on the roof of the pump P, the building main body A1, and the building main body A1 connected to the water pipe J embedded in the outside of the building A, etc. A water channel that connects the roof water tank R, the water tank S installed at an arbitrary position of the building body A1, the pump P and the roof water tank R, and guides the water to an arbitrary position of the building body A1. The drainage channel L1 is a drainage channel L2 that is a water channel that collects drainage water and connects the water tank S and a sewer pipe E that is embedded outside the building body A1. The structure of the building A may be any structure such as a steel structure, reinforced concrete structure, etc., and its use may be used for residences, office buildings, and any other purposes. It is preferable that it is a medium-high-rise building. The drainage channel L2 is provided with an airway L3. The airway L3 communicates the outside of the building body A1 with the drainage channel L2, and prevents the drainage from flowing back into the airway L3. The air passage L3 is installed so as to extend upward from the connection position of the drainage passage L2.

  And the generator G is provided in the arbitrary locations of the upper water channel L1, the drainage channel L2, and the air channel L3 which are the water channels of the building A mentioned above. Moreover, in this Embodiment, the water storage tank S is provided and some generators G are provided in the middle of the drain pipe L2 below the water storage tank S so that stable electric power generation can be performed.

  The generator G is provided in the upper water channel L1, the drainage channel L2, or the air channel L3, and is rotated by the fluid flowing in the upper water channel L1, the drainage channel L2, and the air channel L3. A permanent magnet fixed to the coil, and a coil provided to face the permanent magnet. The impeller rotates by the passage of fluid, and the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet cross the coil to generate an induced electromotive force in the coil. As a result, the kinetic energy of the fluid can be converted into electrical energy. According to the above, the impeller is rotated, but when the other fluid passes through the water channel L1, the drainage channel L2, or the air channel L3, it exhibits rotational motion, and the permanent magnet is used as a coil. Anything that can be moved is acceptable.

  And in the electric power generation system comprised in this way, when the pump P pumps water from the water supply pipe J to the roof water storage tank R, the generator G provided in the middle of the upper water channel L1 is the water which passes the upper water channel L1. Thus, as described above, power can be generated, and the generator G provided in the middle of the drainage channel L2 can generate power by drainage passing through the drainage channel L2.

  In the water storage tank S, an arbitrary amount of drainage can be stored. After a certain amount of water is stored, the water is drained at an optimum flow rate and flow rate for the generator G. Then, since the generator G installed below the water storage tank S can generate electric power through passage of drainage discharged from the water storage tank S, power generation can be stably performed.

  That is, the amount of drainage varies depending on the use of the building A, that is, the use of office buildings, houses, etc. and the time zone, and the amount of drainage may not always be optimal for the generator G, and efficient power generation cannot be performed. However, as described above, providing the water storage tank S in the building A can prevent the above-described problem.

  In addition, about this water tank S, it can be used also as a damping device which moves to the direction opposite to the vibration direction of a building at the time of an earthquake, and suppresses the vibration of a building.

  Further, the airway L3 building body A1 and the drainage channel L2 are connected, and the pressure in the airway L3 is reduced by the pressure fluctuation caused by the drainage passing through the drainage channel L2, that is, the drainage falls. Therefore, the said pressure reduction effect | action acts so that gas may be attracted | sucked from the exterior of building main body A1 in the airway L3. Therefore, the generator G provided in the middle of the air passage L3 can generate electric power because the gas passes through the air passage L3 during drainage.

  Therefore, according to this power generation system, it is possible to generate power with inexpensive equipment without requiring a large-scale facility such as a dam.

  In addition, conventionally, the pump P only consumes electric energy or the like to send water upward, and when the water sent upward falls, no energy is taken out and energy is wasted. Although consumed, in this power generation system, potential energy, such as water, that has been wasted in the past can be converted into electrical energy and extracted.

  Further, if the converted electric energy is applied to a part of the electric energy consumed by the building A, power saving can be achieved and the maintenance cost of the building A can be reduced.

  Furthermore, according to the above, although it applies to the single building A, it is also possible to apply this power generation system to many buildings, and in that case, the amount of drinking water and the amount of drainage is large. Therefore, the amount of power generation can be increased.

  In addition, in the place mentioned above, although the generator G is provided between the pump P and the rooftop water tank R, if it is made to generate electricity when sending water to the rooftop of the building A, the pump at the time of sending water to the rooftop Since the energy consumption of P becomes large, it is not preferable.

  In addition, since the upper water channel L1 may flow not only into the drainage channel L2 but also solids in the drainage channel L2, anyway, a filtration device is provided in the water storage tank S provided in the drainage channel L2. A filtration device may be provided in the drainage channel L2 itself.

  Incidentally, the drainage channel L2 is not limited to draining the water via the upper water channel L1, but may be a channel used to collect and drain rainwater, for example.

  Next, a specific generator G will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the generator G in one embodiment includes a case 1 provided with a flow path M for gas or clean water or drainage, a coil 2, and a shaft 3 provided rotatably in the case 1. And a plurality of blades 4 provided on the outer periphery of the shaft 3 and an annular permanent magnet 5 provided on the outer periphery of the blade 4.

  Hereinafter, the case 1 will be described in detail. The case 1 is cylindrical and is formed of a non-magnetic material, and an annular recess 1a is provided on the inner peripheral side thereof. And both ends of case 1 are connected to the above-mentioned upper water channel L1, drainage channel L2, or air channel L3. In addition, you may use the pipe | tube which forms the upper water channel L1, the drainage channel L2, or the air channel L3 as the case 1 as it is.

  Further, the annular recess 1a is composed of side portions 1b and 1b and a bottom portion 1c. Then, of the side portions 1b and 1b, the side portion 1b located on the right side in FIG. 1, that is, the side portion 1b located on the downstream side in FIG. 2 is arranged along the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. Concavities and convexities are provided. More specifically, the irregularities are serrated.

  Moreover, the coil 2 facing the side portion 1b of the annular recess 1a is provided. The coils 2 are arranged in pairs on the left and right sides of the side portion 1b of the annular recess 1a in FIG. 2, and a plurality of pairs are provided along the circumference of the annular recess 1a. In addition, although the core which is not illustrated is inserted in the said coil 2, it is not necessary to have a core, but in order to obtain a big magnetic field, it is more preferable to insert a core.

  Further, in the case 1, a support body 7 that rotatably supports both end sides of the shaft 3 via ball bearings 6 is provided. The support 7 is composed of a ring (not shown) in which the ball bearing 6 is inserted in the middle, and a rod-like body (not shown) extending from both ends of the ring. End portions are respectively coupled to the inner periphery of the case 1 so as not to block the entire flow path M.

  Furthermore, a cylinder 8 having four blades 4 provided on the outer periphery is coupled to the middle of the shaft 3. If the blade 4 can be directly attached to the shaft 3, the cylinder 8 may be omitted. Therefore, in this case, the impeller F includes the shaft 3, the blade 4, and the cylinder 8.

  Although four blades 4 are attached to the shaft 3 as described above, the number of blades 4 is not limited to four and may be plural.

  An annular permanent magnet 5 is coupled to the outer periphery of each blade 4, and the annular permanent magnet 5 is divided into N and S poles alternately appearing along the circumference as shown in FIG. It has a magnetic pole pattern. That is, the S pole and the N pole are alternately arranged in the clockwise direction in FIG.

  The outer peripheral diameter of each blade 4 is set to be substantially the same as the inner peripheral diameter of the case 1, and the annular permanent magnet 5 provided on the outer periphery of each blade 4 is inserted into the annular recess 1 a of the case 1. Has been. Therefore, the annular permanent magnet 5 does not interfere with the inner periphery of the case 1.

  It continues and the effect | action of the generator G is demonstrated. First, a fluid such as water or gas is introduced into the case 1, that is, the flow path M. And if a fluid is guide | induced to the flow path M, the blade | wing 4 will receive a fluid and the impeller F will rotate. At this time, the rotation of the impeller F causes the annular permanent magnet 5 to rotate about the shaft 3 as a rotation axis, so that the magnetic lines of force of the annular permanent magnet 5 also move, and the magnetic lines of force cross the coil 2. Then, an induced electromotive force is generated in the coil 2, and the kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into electric energy. That is, the potential energy of water falls from above the building A and is converted into kinetic energy at one end, and the kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into electrical energy.

  In addition, when the blade | wing 4 receives a fluid and rotates, axial force acts on the blade | wing 4, However Since the unevenness | corrugation is provided in the downstream side part 1b along the circumferential direction. The pressure of the fluid entering between the convex portion of the side portion 1b and the annular permanent magnet 5 is increased, and this pressure presses the annular permanent magnet 5 in a direction opposite to the force acting on the blades 4. Even if the blade 4 is elastically deformed by the axial force, the contact with the downstream side portion 1b of the annular permanent magnet 5 is prevented. Therefore, smooth rotation of the impeller F is ensured by the unevenness of the side portion 1b. Although the irregularities are serrated in the above-described manner, a certain interval is provided between the convex portions and the convex portions in a toothed manner, or the convex portions and the concave portions are not formed in a wedge shape. It may be arcuate.

  In the generator G in the present embodiment, the annular permanent magnet 5 has a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the flow path M and is inserted into the annular recess 1a. There is no hindrance to fluid movement. Moreover, since the coil used for power generation is outside the flow path, the movement of the fluid is not hindered in this respect as well. Therefore, it is possible to reduce energy loss when converting energy. Therefore, it is possible to generate power with higher efficiency. In addition, the unevenness of the side portion 1b ensures smooth rotation of the impeller F, thereby ensuring more efficient power generation.

  In the present embodiment, the coil 2 is provided inside the case 1, that is, the coil 2 is provided outside the flow path M, so that the coil 2 also prevents fluid movement in this respect. There is nothing.

  Therefore, in the above-described specific generator G, the smooth rotational motion of the impeller F is guaranteed and excessive vibration and noise are not generated. There will be no environmental degradation.

  Furthermore, since the generator G can be made lighter and more compact, it is not necessary to make the building A special specification in order to install the generator, and it can also be installed in an existing building. It is.

  Further, the coil 2 is not required to be provided in the flow path M, and the structure is simple because it is only necessary to store the impeller F, the support body 7 and the ball bearing 6 in the flow path M. When provided in L1, if part of the water channel L1 is the case 1, it is possible to generate electricity with the flow path closed, so that it is movable without providing a special seal at any position in the flow path. A part can be installed. Therefore, there is no concern about fluid leakage from the movable part. Moreover, since there is no fear of fluid leakage, it is possible to keep clean water in a clean state.

  In the present embodiment, the coil 2 is provided so as to face the side portion 1b of the annular recess 1a. However, the coil 2 may be provided so as to face the bottom portion 1c, and the side portion 1b and The coil 2 may be provided so as to be opposed to both the bottom portion 1c or only one of the side portions 1b.

  In this embodiment, the annular permanent magnet 5 is described as being integrally formed. However, a plurality of magnets may be bonded to form an annular shape. However, the magnetic poles should appear alternately. That is, in this case, the magnetic pole arrangement shown in FIG. 5 or the magnetic pole arrangement shown in FIG. 6 may be used.

  Furthermore, although the coil 2 is provided inside the case 1, it may be provided outside the case 1 as long as it can be opposed to the side 1b or the bottom of the annular recess 1a. Since the coil 2 is provided outside the case 1, the coil 2 is not disposed in the flow path P, and the coil 2 does not hinder the movement of the fluid in this respect as well. In the present embodiment, the coil 2 can be provided in the annular recess 1a if the lateral width of the annular recess 1a in FIG. 2 is increased or the depth is increased. In such a case, it is advantageous to install in the case 1 or outside the case 1 in that there are no adverse effects such as electric leakage and fluid contamination.

  Further, as for the case 1, the portion where the impeller F and the annular recess 1 a are provided is preferably a cylindrical shape from the viewpoint of flow path resistance, but may have other shapes.

  In addition, in the place mentioned above, although the generator G is comprised as mentioned above, the spiral pipe line provided rotatably is provided in the middle of the drainage channel L2, for example, and the drainage which flows from the drainage channel L2 May be introduced into the spiral pipe to rotate the pipe itself and generate electric power by rotating the pipe. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, a part of the drainage channel L2 is removed, and the pipeline 50 is installed in the portion of the building main body A1 so as to be rotatable by a ball bearing or the like. A funnel 51 is provided at the upper end of 50 so as to receive the drainage flowing out from the drainage channel L2. Further, a funnel 52 is provided at the upper end of the drainage channel L2 below the pipeline 50, so that the drainage flowing from the pipeline 50 is discharged. In addition, the power generation means, for example, a permanent magnet and a coil are installed on the outer periphery of the pipe 50 so as to be relatively movable, or the pipe 50 is rotated using a belt mechanism. The movement is transmitted to a generator, and power is generated by the rotation of the pipe 50. Even in this way, it is possible to generate power using potential energy or kinetic energy such as water that has been wasted.

  Further, a power storage device that stores electricity generated by the generator G will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, the power storage device includes a plurality of electric double layer capacitors 30 connected in series and a resistor 31 connected in parallel to each electric double layer capacitor 30 and connected in series. A plurality of electric double layer capacitors 32 connected in series, and a resistor 33 connected in series to each electric double layer capacitor 32 and each connected in series. The second capacitor C2, which is configured by the control unit 40, the converter 41, and the diode 42, and both ends of the first capacitor C1 are connected to the generator G via the input terminals 50 and 51 of the energy storage device, respectively. In addition to being connected, it is connected to both ends of the second battery C2. Furthermore, both ends of the second battery C2 are connected to the converter 41. Moreover, the control part 40 is installed in the middle of the wiring which connects one side of the 1st battery C1 and one side of the 2nd battery C2. In the present embodiment, an electric double layer capacitor capable of increasing the capacity so as to store a large charge is used.

  Then, when the voltage difference between both ends of the first capacitor C1 becomes constant, the control unit 40 connects the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and discharges the first capacitor C1 to the second capacitor. When C2 is charged and then the voltage of the first capacitor C1 becomes a predetermined voltage or lower, the connection between the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 is disconnected. Specifically, for example, a charge controller or the like may be used for the control unit 40.

  Further, the converter 41 converts current into direct current or alternating current when the second battery C2 is discharged.

  Further, a diode 42 for rectifying current is installed between the first capacitor C1 and the input terminal 50, so that the current is prevented from flowing in the reverse direction, and the first capacitor C1 being charged is discharged. It is prevented.

  As described above, the generator G installed at an arbitrary position of the building A generates electricity by rotating the impeller and the like by the fluid passing through the upper water channel L1, the drainage channel L2, and the air channel L3. Power generation is performed when there is drainage or the like, and power generation may not be performed continuously. Therefore, the generator G may not be able to supply a stable power, but in the power storage device described above, the first power storage device C1 is charged and the second power storage device C2 is charged when the voltage exceeds a certain voltage. As a result, stable power supply can be performed.

  This is the end of the description of the embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is of course not limited to the details shown or described.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the electric power generation system in one embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the generator in one embodiment. It is a perspective view of the side part in the cyclic | annular recessed part of the generator in one Embodiment. It is a front view of the blade | wing of the generator in one Embodiment. It is the figure which showed the magnetic pole arrangement | positioning of the annular | circular permanent magnet of the generator in one Embodiment. It is the figure which showed other magnetic pole arrangement | positioning of the annular | circular permanent magnet of the generator in one Embodiment. It is a conceptual diagram of the generator that put the reference of the form. It is a circuit diagram of the electrical storage apparatus in the electric power generation system of one embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Case 1a Annular recessed part 1b Side part 2 Coil 3 Axis 4 Blade 5 Annular permanent magnet 6 Ball bearing 7 Support body 8 Cylinder 30, 32 Electric double layer capacitor 31, 33 Resistor 40 Control part 41 Converter 42 Diode 50, 51 Input terminal A1 Building body C1 1st battery C2 2nd battery E Sewer pipe F Impeller G Generator J Water supply pipe L1 Water channel as water channel L2 Drainage channel L3 Air channel M Channel P Pump R Rooftop water storage tank S Water storage tank

Claims (2)

A drainage channel, which is a distribution pipe that guides clean water to an arbitrary position of a building, a drainage channel, which is a distribution pipe that collects drainage, and a connection position of the drainage channel that communicates the outside of the building and the drainage channel. An airway extending upward and a water tank provided in the middle of the water pipe, and in the middle of the airway, or in the middle of the airway and downstream of the water tank in the upper water channel or the drainage channel Or provided with a generator in the middle of the airway and downstream of the water tank of the upper water channel and the drainage channel, the generator includes a case provided with a flow path of water, drainage or gas, a coil, The case comprises a shaft rotatably provided in the case, a plurality of blades provided on the outer periphery of the shaft, and an annular permanent magnet provided on the outer periphery of the blade, and the case is cylindrical and non-magnetic Formed in the body, provided with an annular recess on its inner circumference side, The upper water channel, the drainage channel or the air channel is connected, and the annular recess is composed of left and right side parts and a bottom part, and the one side part located on the downstream side has unevenness along the circumferential direction. The coil is provided in the case so as to be opposed to each side of the annular recess, and a plurality of pairs are provided along the annular recess, and the coil is provided in the case via a ball bearing. A support body that rotatably supports both ends of the shaft is provided. The support body is composed of a ring in which the ball bearing is inserted and a rod-shaped body extending from both ends of the ring. An end portion of the rod-shaped body is coupled to the inner circumference of the case and does not block the entire flow path . 2. The power generation system according to claim 1, comprising: a first capacitor charged by power generation of the generator; and a second capacitor connected to the first capacitor when the voltage of the first capacitor becomes a certain level or higher .

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