JP4534684B2 - Electronic control unit for vehicle air conditioning - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic control device for vehicle air conditioning that controls in-vehicle air conditioning equipment.

  Conventionally, in this type of electronic control device for vehicle air conditioning, there is one in which a microcomputer executes a computer program for air conditioning control to control each actuator of a vehicle interior air conditioning unit (for example, see Patent Document 1).

In the said electronic control apparatus, the control content with respect to a vehicle interior air-conditioning unit differs for every vehicle type mounted. For this reason, in order to generalize the vehicle air-conditioning electronic control device, the microcomputer executes the air-conditioning control computer program using air-conditioning data that differs for each vehicle type. For this reason, a plurality of types of air conditioning data are previously stored in the storage medium corresponding to the plurality of types of vehicles.
JP 2001-260638 A

By the way, in the vehicle air-conditioning electronic control device described in Patent Document 1 described above, it is not necessary to change the hardware configuration and the software configuration even if the vehicle type to be mounted is different, and the electronic control device can be shared. although possible, it is necessary to Ru is stored a plurality of types of air conditioning data in the storage medium.

  Here, even if multiple types of air conditioning data are stored in the storage medium, in actuality, only the air conditioning data corresponding to the vehicle type to be mounted is used, and other air conditioning data is not used and is wasted. become. This unnecessarily occupies the storage area of the storage medium.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic control device for vehicle air conditioning that enables effective use of a storage area of a storage medium.

In order to achieve the above object, in the invention described in claim 1,
A storage medium (25b) for storing a computer program for air conditioning control for controlling the on-vehicle air conditioner (1, 2);
A control circuit (25a) for executing the computer program for air conditioning control, and an electronic control device for vehicle air conditioning comprising:
The storage medium has a first storage area (Xa), a second storage area (Xb), and a third storage area (Xc),
In the first storage area (Xa) , a plurality of types of air conditioning data are stored for each type of mounted vehicle,
The third storage area (Xc) stores the computer program for air conditioning control,
Wherein the control circuit, upon execution of the air-conditioning control computer program being adapted to use different conditioning data (Tw) for each type of the equipped vehicle,
The control circuit (S2, S4 to S6)
At initialization time, acquires vehicle information indicating the type of the equipped vehicle from another electronic control unit (40),
Based on the acquired vehicle information, among the plurality of types of air conditioning data, select air conditioning data used for execution of the computer program for air conditioning control,
The plural kinds of air conditioning data, which erases the other air-conditioning data other than the air conditioning data the selected leaving only air conditioning data the selected said storage medium from said storage medium,
When leaving the selected air conditioning data in the storage medium, the selected air conditioning data is moved from the first storage area storing the plurality of types of air conditioning data to the second storage area. .

  Therefore, in the storage medium, the other air conditioning data is erased and the storage area for the other air conditioning data can be made a free area. Therefore, the free area can be used as a storage area for other data other than the air conditioning data. It becomes possible, and the effective use of the storage area of the storage medium can be made possible.

For example, in the first aspect of the present invention, when the control circuit leaves the selected air conditioning data in the storage medium, the control circuit stores the plurality of types of air conditioning data from the first storage area to the second storage area. And moving the selected air-conditioning data .

  Accordingly, since one free area can be secured as the initial setting area in the storage medium, the free area as the initial setting area can be used more easily than when the free areas are distributed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the control circuit may acquire the vehicle information from the other electronic control device through an in-vehicle local area network.

Further, as in the third aspect of the present invention, when the plurality of types of air conditioning data are stored in a compressed state in the storage medium, the plurality of types of air conditioning data are stored in an uncompressed state. Compared to the above, a storage medium having a small storage area can be used.

Furthermore, in the invention according to claim 4 ,
A type selection computer program for selecting the air conditioning data is stored in the first storage area of the storage medium,
If the type selection computer program erases from the storage medium after the execution of the type selection computer program, the control circuit can make the free area wider in the storage medium, and thus the free area is further utilized. It becomes easy.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the control circuit copies the selected air conditioning data to the second storage area and deletes the plurality of types of air conditioning data stored in the first storage area. Thus, the air conditioning data other than the selected air conditioning data is deleted from the storage medium, leaving only the selected air conditioning data in the storage medium.

  In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each said means shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a vehicle air conditioner to which the vehicle air conditioning electronic control device of the present invention is applied. The indoor air conditioning unit of the vehicle air conditioner is roughly divided into a blower unit 1 and an air conditioning unit 2. It consists of.

  The blower unit 1 includes an inside / outside air switching box 3 and a blower 4. The inside / outside air switching door 5 in the inside / outside air switching box 3 opens and closes the outside air introduction port 6 and the inside air introduction port 7. Thereby, outside air (vehicle compartment outside air) or inside air (vehicle compartment air) is switched and introduced into the inside / outside air switching box 3. The inside / outside air switching door 5 is driven by an electric drive device 8 comprising a servo motor. The blower 4 is provided with a centrifugal blower fan 9 and a drive motor 10.

  The air conditioning unit 2 includes an air conditioning case 2a that forms an air passage 2b, and an evaporator (cooling heat exchange means) 11 that constitutes a refrigeration cycle is disposed upstream of the air conditioning case 2a. An air mix door 12 is disposed on the downstream side. On the downstream side of the air mix door 12, a hot water heater core (heating heat exchanging means) 13 that heats the air using hot water (cooling water) of the vehicle engine as a heat source is installed. A bypass passage 14 that bypasses the hot water heater core 13 and flows air is formed on the side (upper portion) of the hot water heater core 13.

  The air mix door 12 is a rotatable plate-like door and is driven by an electric drive device 15 including a servo motor. The air mix door 12 adjusts the air volume ratio between the hot air passing through the hot water heater core 13 and the cool air passing through the bypass passage 14, and the air blown into the vehicle interior by adjusting the air volume ratio of the cold / hot air. Adjust the temperature. Therefore, in this example, the air mix door 12 constitutes a temperature adjusting means for the air blown into the vehicle interior.

  A hot air passage 16 extending from the lower side to the upper side is formed on the downstream side of the hot water heater core 13. The hot air from the hot air passage 16 and the cold air from the bypass passage 14 are mixed by the air mixing unit 17 to be desired. Can produce temperature air.

  Further, an air outlet mode switching unit is configured on the downstream side of the air mixing unit 17 in the air conditioning case 2a. That is, a defroster opening 18 is formed on the upper surface of the air conditioning case 2a, and this defroster opening 18 blows air to the inner surface of the vehicle windshield through a defroster duct (not shown). The defroster opening 18 is opened and closed by a rotatable plate-like defroster door 19.

  Further, a face opening 20 is formed on the upper surface of the air-conditioning case 2a at the rear side of the vehicle from the defroster opening 18, and this face opening 20 is directed toward the upper body of the passenger in the vehicle cabin via a face duct (not shown). It blows out air. The face opening 20 is opened and closed by a rotatable plate-like face door 21.

  Further, in the air conditioning case 2a, a foot opening 22 is formed in a lower part of the face opening 20, and air is blown out from the foot opening 22 toward the feet of passengers in the passenger compartment. The foot opening 22 is opened and closed by a rotatable plate-like foot door 23.

  The blow-out mode doors 19, 21, and 23 are connected to a common link mechanism (not shown), and are driven by an electric drive unit 24 including a servo motor via the link mechanism.

  Next, the outline of the electric control unit in the present embodiment will be described. The vehicle air-conditioning electronic control device 25 is a well-known microcomputer 25a composed of a CPU and the like, and a flash memory that stores and holds stored data even when power supply is stopped. 25b, a RAM 25c from which stored data is erased when power supply is stopped, a peripheral circuit, and the like.

  Here, as will be described later, the microcomputer 25a executes a computer program for air-conditioning control, and each actuator of the indoor air-conditioning unit (vehicle-mounted air-conditioning equipment) (that is, the electric drive devices 8, 15, 24, drive motor 10). ) To control.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2A, the flash memory 25b stores a plurality of types of air conditioning data and type selection programs corresponding to each type of vehicle, as shown in FIG. Has been.

  Here, the plurality of types of air conditioning data and type selection program are compressed. FIG. 2A shows an example in which three types of air conditioning data such as type A, type B, and type C are stored.

  Further, the flash memory 25b includes a storage area Xa for a plurality of types of air conditioning data and a type selection program (that is, an upper area in the figure), and a storage area Xc for an air conditioning control computer program (that is, a lower area in the figure). The air conditioning data area Xb is secured in between, and this air conditioning data area Xb is used to store the air conditioning data actually used as will be described later.

  Hereinafter, an area in which storage areas for plural types of air conditioning data and a type selection program are stored is also referred to as an initial setting area Xa.

  Here, as will be described later, the type selection program is a program for selecting the air conditioning data to be actually used among a plurality of types of air conditioning data. The RAM 25c stores data associated with the execution of the computer program by the microcomputer 25a.

  On the other hand, a temperature sensor 26 composed of a thermistor is provided as a temperature sensor of the evaporator 11, and this temperature sensor 26 is disposed in the air-conditioning case 2a immediately after the air is blown out of the evaporator 11, and the evaporator blowing temperature Te. Is detected.

  In addition to the temperature sensor 26 described above, the vehicle air-conditioning electronic control unit 25 has an internal air temperature Tr (vehicle interior temperature), an outdoor air temperature Tam (vehicle outdoor temperature), an amount of solar radiation Ts, and hot water for air conditioning control. Detection signals are input from temperature sensors 27 to 30 such as known thermistors for detecting the temperature Tw ′ and the like. Note that the inside air sensor 27 that detects the inside air temperature Tr is disposed, for example, in a lower portion (near the center cluster) of the central part in the left-right direction of the vehicle interior instrument panel, and the representative temperature inside the vehicle interior is determined as the inside air temperature Tr. Detect as.

  The hot water temperature Tw 'indicates the temperature of the cooling water of the engine, and the temperature sensor 30 for detecting the hot water temperature Tw' is provided on the water jacket side of the engine.

  The operation panel 31 installed near the vehicle interior instrument panel is provided with operation switches 32 to 36 and a display panel 37 (for example, a liquid crystal panel) that are manually operated by passengers. Operation signals of the operation switches 32 to 36 are provided. Is also input to the vehicle air conditioning electronic control unit 25.

  Specifically, as the operation switch, a desired temperature in the passenger compartment is set, a temperature setting switch 32 that generates a temperature setting signal Tset indicating the desired temperature, a desired air volume is set, and the desired air volume is set. An air volume switch 33 for generating an air volume switching signal, a desired air outlet mode is set, and an air outlet mode switch 34 for generating an air outlet mode signal indicating the desired air outlet mode, and a desired inside / outside air mode are set. In addition, an inside / outside air switching switch 35 for generating an inside / outside air switching signal indicating the desired inside / outside air mode, an air conditioner switch 36 for intermittently operating the compressor (not shown) of the refrigeration cycle, and the like are provided.

  The display panel 37 is a liquid crystal panel, for example, and displays a desired temperature, air volume, air outlet mode, inside / outside air mode, and the like set by the switches 32 to 35.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the vehicle air-conditioning electronic control device 25 is connected to the engine ECU 40, the body ECU 41, and the navigation ECU 42 through a local area network such as CAN, LIN, or BEAN.

  Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an initial setting computer program executed by the microcomputer 25a.

  First, when the ignition switch IG is turned on and electric power is supplied from the vehicle-mounted battery Ba to the vehicle air conditioning electronic control device 25, the microcomputer 25a is activated.

  Accordingly, the CPU 251 starts execution of the initial setting computer program according to the flowchart of FIG. Here, each control process of step S3, S4, S5, S6 is equivalent to the processing content of the above-mentioned type selection program.

  First, based on the state of the initial setting flag, it is determined whether or not the initial setting has been completed (step S1). Here, the initial setting flag is data stored in the RAM 2c. If the initial setting flag is in the reset state, it is determined that the initial setting is not completed and NO is determined in step S1.

  Next, a request signal for requesting vehicle information indicating the vehicle type of the vehicle is transmitted to the engine ECU 40 via the in-vehicle local area network (step S2).

  The vehicle information is information indicating the type of vehicle on which the vehicle air-conditioning electronic control device 25 is mounted. In the present embodiment, for example, information indicating the type of traveling engine is used.

  Next, if vehicle information is received from engine ECU40, it will determine with YES by step S3. And based on this vehicle information, the air-conditioning data corresponding to the said vehicle information are selected among the above-mentioned three types of air-conditioning data (step S4). That is, the air conditioning data corresponding to the actually mounted traveling engine is selected.

  Here, as the air conditioning data of the present embodiment, the inlet side hot water temperature Tw of the three types of hot water heater cores 13 shown by graphs A, B, and C shown in FIG. 5 is used. In graphs A, B, and C, the vertical axis represents the hot water temperature Tw, the horizontal axis represents the hot water temperature Tw ′, and the relationship between the hot water temperature Tw at the hot water inlet of the hot water heater core 13 and the detected hot water temperature Tw ′ of the temperature sensor 30 described above. Is shown.

  However, graph A shows the relationship corresponding to the traveling engine A, graph B shows the relationship corresponding to the traveling engine B, and graph C shows the relationship corresponding to the traveling engine C. ing. Graphs A, B, and C show different characteristics for each traveling engine, and are used when calculating the hot water temperature Tw as the detected hot water temperature Tw ′ input value, as will be described later.

  As described above, by selecting the air conditioning data corresponding to the vehicle information from among the three types of air conditioning data, the graph corresponding to the vehicle information among the graphs A, B, and C is selected.

  Thereafter, in the flash memory 25b, as shown in FIG. 2B, the selected air conditioning data (ie, graph) is decompressed and copied to the air conditioning data area Xb (step S6), and the initial setting flag is set. To. As a result, a history of completion of the initial setting is left in the RAM 25c. FIG. 2B shows an example in which only type B air conditioning data remains in the flash memory 25b.

  Thereafter, in step S6, the initial setting area Xa in the flash memory 25b is initialized (step S7). That is, the three types of air conditioning data A, B, C and the type selection program stored in the initial setting area Xa are deleted. Then, as shown in FIG. 2C, the initial setting area Xa is set as a backup area.

  This backup area is an area for temporarily evacuating the data stored in the RAM 25b when the ignition switch IG is turned off. The data is data indicating the above-described initial setting flag. Thereafter, an air conditioning control process is performed (step S8). Hereinafter, the air conditioning control process (step S8) will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the air conditioning control process. The microcomputer 25a executes the computer program for air conditioning control according to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, in step S12, the operation signals of the operation switches 32-36 of the operation panel 31 are read. In the next step S13, a vehicle environmental state signal, that is, a detection signal from the sensors 26 to 30 is read.

  Subsequently, in step S14, a target blowing temperature TAO of the conditioned air blown into the vehicle interior is calculated. The target blowing temperature TAO is a blowing temperature necessary for maintaining the vehicle interior at the set temperature Tset (that is, the desired temperature) of the temperature setting switch 32, and is calculated based on the following Equation 1.

TAO = Kset × Tset−Kr × Tr
−Kam × Tam−Ks × Ts + C (Equation 1)
However, Tr: The inside air temperature detected by the inside air sensor 27 Tam: The outside air temperature detected by the outside air sensor 28 Ts: The amount of solar radiation detected by the solar radiation sensor 29 Kset, Kr, Kam, Ks: Control gain Cz: Correction constant Next, in step S15, a target air flow rate of air blown by the blower 4 is determined based on the TAO, specifically, a blower voltage level that is an applied voltage of the blower driving motor 10.

  The blower voltage level is increased by increasing the blower voltage level on the high temperature side (maximum heating side) and the low temperature side (maximum cooling side) of the TAO, as shown in FIG. The blower voltage level is decreased to the minimum air volume (Lo) in the intermediate temperature range.

  Here, the blower voltage level changes in multiple stages (for example, 31 stages) according to TAO in order to control the air volume in multiple stages between the maximum air volume (HI) and the minimum air volume (LO). ing.

  Next, in step S16, the inside / outside air mode is determined. In this inside / outside air mode, for example, the inside air mode is set when the inside temperature Tr is significantly higher than the set temperature Tset by a predetermined temperature or higher (during cooling high load), and the outside air mode is set at other times. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, as the TAO rises from the low temperature side to the high temperature side, the setting may be switched from the all-inside air mode → the inside / outside air mixing mode → the all outside air mode.

  Next, in step S17, the blowing mode is determined according to the TAO. As shown in FIG. 9, this blowing mode is switched from the face mode to the bi-level mode to the foot mode as TAO rises from the low temperature side to the high temperature side.

  Next, in step S18, the target opening degree SW of the air mix door 12 is calculated by the following formula 2 based on the TAO, the evaporator outlet temperature Te, and the hot water temperature Tw.

SW = [(TAO−Te) / (Tw−Te)] × 100 (%) (Equation 2)
Here, the hot water temperature Tw is obtained from the characteristic graph as the air conditioning data selected in the above-described step 4 and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30.

  The target opening degree SW of the air mix door 12 sets the maximum cooling position (solid line position in FIG. 1) of the air mix door 12 to 0%, and sets the maximum heating position of the air mix door 12 (dotted line position in FIG. 1). Expressed as a percentage of 100%.

  Next, it progresses to step S19 and a control signal is output to various actuators (8, 10, 15, 24, etc.) so that the control state determined by said step S155-S158 is acquired. In the next step S20, the process waits for the control period τ, and when it is determined that the control period τ has elapsed, the process returns to step S12. As a result, the passenger compartment is automatically air-conditioned.

  Next, the effect of this embodiment is demonstrated.

  That is, in the vehicle air-conditioning electronic control unit 25, a flash memory 25b for storing an air-conditioning control computer program for controlling the actuators 8, 10, 15, and 24 of the blower unit 1 and the air-conditioning unit 2, and an air-conditioning control computer And a microcomputer 25a for executing the program. The microcomputer 25a uses different air conditioning data for each type of vehicle on which the air conditioning control computer program is executed. A plurality of types of characteristic graphs indicating air conditioning data are stored for each type of vehicle.

  Here, at the time of initial setting, the microcomputer 25a acquires vehicle information indicating the type of the mounted vehicle from the engine ECU 40, and based on the acquired vehicle information, a computer program for air conditioning control among a plurality of types of characteristic graphs. The characteristic graph used for the execution of the above is selected, and among the plural types of characteristic graphs, only the selected characteristic graph is left in the flash memory 25b, and other graphs other than this characteristic graph are deleted from the flash memory. Features.

  Therefore, in the flash memory 25b, the other graphs are erased and the storage area of the other graphs (that is, the initial setting area Xa) can be made an empty area. Can be used as a storage area (for example, a backup area), and the storage area of the flash memory 25b can be used effectively.

  In this embodiment, since the characteristic graph data used when executing the computer program for air conditioning control is moved from the initial setting area Xa to the air conditioning data area, one initial setting area Xa of the flash memory 25b is used. Since a free area can be secured, it becomes easier to use the free area compared to a case where the free areas are distributed and arranged.

  Further, although the type selection computer program is stored in the flash memory 25b, the microcomputer 25a, once executing the type selection computer program, thereafter erases the type selection computer program from the initial setting area Xa of the flash memory 25b. . For this reason, the empty area of the initial setting area Xa can be widened.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the flash memory 25b stores a plurality of types of air conditioning data indicating a plurality of types of characteristic graphs in a compressed state, and therefore stores a plurality of types of air conditioning data in an uncompressed state. Compared to the above, a flash memory 25b having a smaller storage area can be used.

(Other embodiments)
In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the flash memory 25b is used as the storage medium has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various nonvolatile storage media such as a DVD (digital video disk), an HD (hard disk), and an EEPROM are used. It may be.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the microcomputer 25a is used as the control circuit has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a digital signal processor or the like may be used.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which information indicating the type of the traveling engine is used as the vehicle information, and a plurality of types of air conditioning data for the type of traveling engine is employed. A plurality of types of air conditioning data corresponding to the type of destination information may be employed using destination information indicating destinations of vehicles such as Africa and Europe.

  In this case, the microcomputer 25a may acquire vehicle information not from the engine ECU 40 as another electronic control device but from other electronic control devices such as the body ECU 41 and the navigation ECU 42.

  In the above-described embodiment, the vehicle air conditioning electronic control device 25 has been described as an example in which vehicle information is acquired from the engine ECU 40 using a local area network connected to another electronic control device other than the engine ECU 40. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be as follows.

  That is, only the vehicle air conditioning electronic control device 25 and the engine ECU 40 are connected by a dedicated communication line, and the vehicle air conditioning electronic control device 25 acquires vehicle information from the engine ECU 40 by communication using the dedicated communication line. You may do it.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which a plurality of types of air conditioning data and a type selection program are stored in the initial setting area Xa has been described, but instead, the following may be performed.

  That is, an inspection tool computer program for inspecting the vehicle air conditioning electronic control device 25 itself may be stored in the initial setting area Xa, and the inspection tool computer program may be deleted after the execution.

It is a mimetic diagram showing a schematic structure of an air-conditioner for vehicles concerning one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a storage area of a flash memory in the vehicle air conditioning electronic control device of FIG. 1. It is a schematic diagram which shows the connection state of the electronic control apparatus for vehicle air conditioning of FIG. 1, and another electronic control apparatus. It is a control flowchart which shows a part of control process of the electronic control apparatus for vehicle air conditioning of FIG. It is a characteristic view which shows the characteristic of warm water temperature. It is a control flowchart which shows the remainder of the control processing of the electronic control apparatus for vehicle air conditioning of FIG. It is a characteristic view which shows the relationship between TAO and a blower voltage. It is a characteristic view which shows the relationship between the target opening degree of TAO and an air mix door. It is a characteristic view which shows the relationship between TAO and blowing mode.

Explanation of symbols

25 ... Electronic control device for vehicle air conditioning, 25b ... Flash memory,
25a ... microcomputer, 40 ... engine ECU.

Claims (5)

A storage medium (25b) for storing a computer program for air conditioning control for controlling the on-vehicle air conditioner (1, 2);
A control circuit (25a) for executing the computer program for air conditioning control, and an electronic control device for vehicle air conditioning comprising:
The storage medium has a first storage area (Xa), a second storage area (Xb), and a third storage area (Xc),
In the first storage area (Xa) , a plurality of types of air conditioning data are stored for each type of mounted vehicle,
The third storage area (Xc) stores the computer program for air conditioning control,
Wherein the control circuit, upon execution of the air-conditioning control computer program being adapted to use different conditioning data (Tw) for each type of the equipped vehicle,
The control circuit (S2, S4 to S6)
At initialization time, acquires vehicle information indicating the type of the vehicle equipped with the other electronic control device (40),
Based on the acquired vehicle information, among the plurality of types of air conditioning data, select air conditioning data used for execution of the computer program for air conditioning control,
The plural kinds of air conditioning data, which erases the other air-conditioning data other than the air conditioning data the selected leaving only air conditioning data the selected said storage medium from said storage medium,
When leaving the selected air conditioning data in the storage medium, the selected air conditioning data is moved from the first storage area storing the plurality of types of air conditioning data to the second storage area. Electronic control unit for vehicle air conditioning. Wherein the control circuit, the vehicle air-conditioning electronic control unit according to claim 1, characterized in that from the other electronic control unit through the vehicle local area network and acquires the vehicle information. 3. The vehicle air conditioning electronic control device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of types of air conditioning data are stored in a compressed state in the storage medium. 4. A type selection computer program for selecting the air conditioning data is stored in the first storage area of the storage medium,
Wherein the control circuit, after the execution of the type selected computer program, the vehicle air-conditioning electronic control unit according to the type selected computer program to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that erasing from the storage medium . The control circuit copies the selected air conditioning data to the second storage area, and erases the plurality of types of air conditioning data stored in the first storage area, so that only the selected air conditioning data is stored. 2. The vehicle air conditioning electronic control device according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioning data other than the selected air conditioning data is deleted from the storage medium while leaving the storage medium in the storage medium.

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