JP4531298B2 - Underwater shield shield machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to an underwater shield excavating machine for building a tunnel in the underwater.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The shield machine digs through the ground by the rotation of the cutter at its tip and the propulsive force of the shield jack. The conventional cutter is provided over the entire front surface of the shield frame.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when constructing a tunnel on the bottom of a seabed, riverbed, or the like, conventionally, the digging is performed so that the entire shield machine is buried on the bottom of the water. However, in the shield machine described above, since the whole is buried in the bottom of the water, the cutter is driven over the entire front surface of the shield frame, and a lot of power is consumed.
[0004]
Then, this invention is devised in order to solve the said subject, The objective is to provide the bottom excavation shield excavation machine which can excavate with little power.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a bottom excavation shield excavator for constructing a tunnel at the bottom of the water, comprising a cutter for excavating earth and sand below the tip of the shield frame, the upper side being located in the water. The lower side is buried in the bottom sediment and digs up, covering the upper part of the cutter above the tip of the shield frame and moving downward to the lower end of the bottom to guide the bottom sediment to the cutter side. The protrusion part provided with the inclination guide part to fall is formed .
[0006]
According to the above configuration, the lower side of the shield machine is buried in the bottom sediment, and the cutter is provided only on the lower side, so the power for rotating the cutter is reduced, and energy saving can be achieved. Simplification of the device is achieved.
[0007]
Also, it is a bottom excavation shield excavator that builds a tunnel in the bottom of the water, equipped with a cutter for excavating earth and sand under the tip of the shield frame, the upper side is located in the water, and the lower side is buried in the bottom sediment A projecting portion is formed on the upper end of the shield frame so as to cover the upper side of the cutter, and the tip of the projecting portion is moved backward to scrape excess submarine soil to the left and right of the shield frame. It is formed so as to spread from side to side .
[0008]
Inside the upper Symbol protrusions, it is preferable in which a ballast tank for storing water.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0010]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a preferred embodiment of a submerged excavation shield machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of a submerged excavation shield machine according to the present invention, and FIG. These are the top views which showed suitable embodiment of the water bottom excavation shield machine which concerns on this invention.
[0011]
First, the structure of the water bottom excavation shield machine according to the present embodiment will be described.
[0012]
The water bottom excavation shield machine 1 is for constructing a tunnel in the water bottom, and as shown in the figure, a cutter 3 for excavating earth and sand is provided below the tip of the shield frame 2, and the upper side is in the water. It is characterized by being buried in the bottom sediment and excavating.
[0013]
The cutter 3 is a spoke type in which a cutter spoke 6 extends in a radial direction from a cutter rotating shaft 5 rotated by a motor 4. The cutter rotating shaft 5 is provided so as to penetrate the bulkhead 7, and a cutter spoke 6 is provided on the front side thereof, and a motor 4 is provided on the rear side.
[0014]
Two cutters 3 are provided adjacent to the left and right in the width direction, and are arranged so that the rotation tracks of the cutter spokes 6 wrap around each other. Each cutter 3 rotates in the opposite direction synchronously so that the respective cutter spokes 6 do not interfere with each other.
[0015]
At a lower position between the cutters 3 of the bulkhead 7, a sediment intake 8 for taking in the bottom sediments excavated by the cutter 3 is formed. A screw conveyor 9 is provided behind the earth and sand intake 8 to scrape out the bottom sediment. The screw conveyor 9 is connected to a device (not shown) for placing the bottom sediment on the assembled segment 11.
[0016]
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 12 denotes an erector for assembling the segment 11, and reference numeral 14 denotes a shield jack for pushing the assembled segment 11 to obtain a driving force for excavation.
[0017]
A protrusion 15 that covers the upper side of the cutter 3 is formed on the upper side of the shield frame 2 (upper half in the present embodiment). The projecting portion 15 has a central portion in the width direction that protrudes forward, and has a horizontal section that is substantially triangular so as to spread left and right as it goes rearward from the center in the width direction. This front surface portion constitutes a scraping portion 17 that scrapes surplus submarine earth and sand left and right of the shield frame.
[0018]
On the other hand, the lower end surface of the projecting portion 15 is formed so as to descend downward as it goes rearward, and constitutes an inclined guide portion 16 that guides the excavated bottom sediment to the cutter 3 (downward) side. The inclined guide part 16 is inclined at an angle substantially equal to the angle of repose of the submarine soil to be excavated.
[0019]
Inside the projecting portion 15, a ballast tank (indicated by a slanting line in the lower right in the figure) 18 for storing water is provided. The ballast tank 18 prevents the tip of the water bottom excavation shield machine 1 having a small specific gravity from being lifted.
[0020]
On the rear side of the ballast tank 18, side ballast tanks 21 and 22 (shown by oblique lines rising to the right in the figure) are provided respectively on the left and right sides in the width direction. The side ballast tanks 21 and 22 are formed so as to extend vertically from the upper half to the lower half, and improve the stability of the submarine excavation shield machine 1 during digging.
[0021]
Next, the operation of the water bottom excavation shield machine 1 according to the above configuration will be described.
[0022]
The bottom excavation shield machine 1 is located on the upper side (upper half in the present embodiment) in the water, and the lower side (lower half in the present embodiment) is buried in the bottom sediment. Therefore, excavation of earth and sand is sufficient only on the lower side, and since the cutter 3 is provided only on the lower side, less power is required to drive the cutter 3.
[0023]
In addition, since the upper side of the underwater shield excavator 1 is exposed in the water, the propulsion resistance is reduced, the thrust required for excavation can be reduced, and the number and size of the shield jacks 14 can be reduced. Thereby, energy saving can be achieved and simplification of the apparatus can be achieved.
[0024]
At this time, the upper side proceeds in the bottom sediment which has been raised by the propulsion of the water or the bottom excavation shield machine 1, but this raised bottom sediment is very slender and very soft. The portion 17 is pushed left and right in the width direction (indicated by a broken line in FIG. 3), so that the propulsion is stable and the propulsion is stable.
[0025]
Further, since the inclined guide portion 16 is provided in the projecting portion 15, a part of the above-mentioned raised bottom sediment is guided to the cutter 3 side (indicated by a broken line in FIG. 2). The density of the bottom sediment can be increased, and water can be prevented from being drawn into the vicinity of the sediment intake 8. As a result, the bottom sediment is constantly positioned around the earth and sand intake 8, and water can be prevented from flowing into the screw conveyor 9. As a result, it is possible to prevent water from being blown from the screw conveyor 9 into the bottom excavation shield machine 1.
[0026]
By the way, although the rear end of the bottom excavation shield machine 1 is held by the assembled segment 11, the specific gravity of the bottom excavation shield machine 1 is smaller than that of water, so that the tip side tends to rise. . However, according to the present invention, by providing the ballast tank 18 inside the protruding portion 15 provided at the tip of the shield frame 2, a weight is provided at a position farthest from the fulcrum, and effectively prevents lifting. It will be possible.
[0027]
Moreover, since the side ballast tanks 21 and 22 are provided on the left and right, it is possible to prevent rolling of the bottom excavation shield excavator 1 during excavation.
[0028]
The bottom sediment that has been carried out by the screw conveyor is placed on top of the assembled segment 11 to prevent the segment 11 from being lifted.
[0029]
In the above-described embodiment, the cutter 3 is a cutter-poke type rotary type, but is not limited thereto. Of course, other shapes such as a swinging cutter may be used.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
In short, according to the present invention, it is possible to excavate with a small amount of power, energy saving can be achieved, and an excellent effect that simplification of the apparatus can be achieved is exhibited.
[0031]
Further, it is possible to effectively prevent the water bottom excavation shield machine from being lifted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a preferred embodiment of a water bottom excavation shield machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of a water bottom excavation shield machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a preferred embodiment of a water bottom excavation shield machine according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water bottom cut shield machine 2 Shield frame 3 Cutter 15 Protrusion part 16 Inclination guide part 18 Ballast tank

Claims (3)

A water bottom excavation shield machine to build a tunnel to the sea bed, comprising a cutter for excavating the earth and sand on the lower side of the front end of the shielding frame, the upper is positioned in the water, and excavation bottom is buried in the sea bed soil The upper portion of the shield frame is formed with a protruding portion having an inclined guide portion that covers the upper portion of the cutter and lowers downward toward the lower end portion thereof to guide the bottom sediment to the cutter side. A bottom excavation shield machine. A bottom excavation shield excavator that builds a tunnel on the bottom of the water, with a cutter for excavating earth and sand below the tip of the shield frame, the upper side is located in the water, and the lower side is buried in the bottom sediment. , As the upper tip of the shield frame, to form a power sale collision detecting portion covering the above the cutter, projecting portion of the tip, to go backwards to push aside the excess water bottom sediment to the left and right shielding frame A bottom excavation shield machine that is formed to spread from side to side . The bottom excavation shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ballast tank for storing water is provided inside the protrusion .

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