JP4525189B2 - Drive mechanism and watch using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a drive mechanism, and more particularly to a configuration of a drive mechanism that can translate a driven body based on the rotational motion of the drive body.

In general, a rack and pinion mechanism, a crank mechanism, a screw mechanism, and the like are known as a drive mechanism that can convert a rotational motion into a translational motion (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1 below). A rotor having a helical groove; and a shaft that is movable in the axial direction but is non-rotatably installed in the rotor and has a spiral groove similar to the above. A spiral ball gear mechanism is known which is configured to be guided by a guide member configured by a spiral spring functioning as a bearing in a state where the ball is engaged with both the grooves (for example, the following patent documents) 1).
"Mechanism" 5th edition, Gihodo Co., Ltd., issued on December 25, 1965 (especially the 11th class: gears, 24th class: gear shifting and shifting power, 66th class: pump action and landing gear) ) U.S. Pat. No. 4,658,344

  However, the drive mechanism described above is generally difficult to operate with a slight drive torque, such as a mechanical wristwatch, and requires a relatively large drive torque, so that the driven body can be translated with little energy consumption. There is a problem that it is difficult to realize. In addition, the mechanism described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the structure is complicated and it is impossible to visually recognize how the drive mechanism operates from the outside. Therefore, it is difficult for the conventional drive mechanism to operate for a long time with a little energy consumption, and the operation mode cannot be seen from the outside with a normal drive mechanism. Since it is a typical operation mechanism, it is not suitable as a drive mechanism for an article for appreciating its operation mode, such as a clockwork clock or an object having a movable structure.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a novel driving mechanism that can be easily operated with a slight driving torque as compared with the prior art and that is excellent in appreciation of the operation mode.

  In view of such circumstances, the drive mechanism of the present invention includes a drive body having a spiral drive surface, rotational drive means for rotationally driving the drive body, and a radial direction of the drive body driven by the drive surface. And a driven body that translates. According to the present invention, the drive surface having the spiral drive surface is rotationally driven around the axis of the drive surface by the rotational drive means, so that the drive surface moves in the radial direction of the drive body by the spiral shape. The driven body can be moved in the radial direction by the driving surface. Here, the spiral drive surface means a surface having a surface shape extending along a spiral (planar spiral) drawn on a plane, and includes a surface having a spiral (helical) surface shape. Absent. In addition, moving in the radial direction does not only mean translational movement along the radius of the driving body, but also translational movement of the position of the driven body to a different radial position as a result of rotation of the driving body. Say. Therefore, the moving path itself of the driven body does not need to coincide with the radius of the driving body.

  In this invention, it is preferable to have a guide means for guiding the driven body in its translational movement direction. By guiding the driven body in the translational movement direction by the guide means, the driven body can be stably moved in the guiding direction. In particular, even when the axis of the driving body is not set in the horizontal direction, or even when the axis of the driving body is set in the horizontal direction, the driven body contacts the driving surface formed on the outer peripheral surface of the driving body. In the case where it is configured to move in a contact state, a guide means is required to stabilize the driven body on the drive surface.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the driven body moves while rolling on the driving surface. Since the driven body moves while being driven to rotate around the axis, the sliding resistance between the driven body and the driving surface always increases the driving load when the driven body does not roll on the driving surface. Let As the driven body rolls on the driving surface as in the present invention, the frictional resistance between the driven body and the driving surface can be reduced, and the driving torque can be further reduced.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the driven body includes the columnar body, the cylindrical body, or the spherical body that is disposed on the driving surface and has an axis parallel to the axial direction of the driving surface as a driven portion. As a result, the frictional resistance between the driven body and the driving surface (sliding resistance when the driven body does not roll, rolling resistance when the driven body rolls) can be reduced, further reducing the driving load. it can.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the axis of the driving body is installed horizontally. Since the axis of the driving body is installed horizontally, the driven body can be moved upward. In this case, the guided body can be moved in a state where the driven body is held on a vertical plane passing through the axis of the driving body. Further, the guided body can be moved in a state where the driven body is held at the apex position or the lowest position of the driving surface. At this time, since the driven body is held at a position on the driving surface with the horizontal plane as a contact surface, the stress generated between the driven body and the guide means is reduced, and the guide resistance by the guide means can be minimized. Therefore, the driving load can be further reduced.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the driving body has a spiral band member in a side view provided with the driving surface on the surface. According to this, it is possible to stably support and drive the driven body by the surface of the band material by using the spiral band material in the side view provided with the driving surface.

  In this invention, it is preferable that the said drive body has a plate-shaped material of the planar view spiral shape provided with the said drive surface at an edge. According to this, since the drive surface is provided at the edge of the plate-like material, the spiral shape of the drive surface can be freely and easily formed by the planar shape of the plate-like material, and the shape accuracy of the drive surface is increased. be able to. For example, the planar shape can be easily manufactured with high accuracy by stamping or etching. In addition, since the drive surface is configured at the edge of the plate-like material, the rigidity related to the deformation of the drive surface can be increased, so that a support structure for maintaining a spiral shape is not required or the support structure Can be configured easily, the change in the shape of the driver over time can be reduced, and the durability can be enhanced.

  In this invention, it is preferable that the said drive body has a pair of said plate-shaped body arranged in the axial direction of the said drive surface by the space | interval smaller than the width | variety of the said to-be-driven body. According to this, even when the width of the driving surface is narrow, the driven body can be supported and driven only by the driving surface.

  Next, a more specific drive mechanism according to the present invention includes a drive body having a spiral drive surface, rotational drive means for rotationally driving the drive body, and a radius of the drive body driven by the drive surface. A driven body that translates in a direction, and the drive body has a pair of spiral strips juxtaposed in the axial direction, and is installed on both sides in the axial direction of the pair of spiral strips. It further comprises a holding frame for holding a body, and a guide member disposed between the pair of spiral strips and having a guide edge extending in the radial direction of the spiral strip. According to this, the driven body driven by the pair of spiral belt members is held by the holding frames disposed on both sides in the axial direction, and is guided by the guide member disposed between the pair of spiral belt members. Guided by the edge. If comprised in this way, a drive body can be easily comprised by simple component structure, without complicating each component shape. In this case, the driven body is preferably composed of a columnar body, a cylindrical body, or a sphere, the radius of which is larger than the width of the spiral strip, and a pair of spiral strips arranged with the guide member interposed therebetween. Is preferably less than or equal to the axial distance occupied by. Moreover, it is desirable to provide the holding frame with an introduction port for introducing the driven body and an outlet port for deriving the driven body.

  Another drive mechanism according to the present invention includes a drive body having a spiral drive surface, rotational drive means for rotationally driving the drive body, and being driven by the drive surface to translate in the radial direction of the drive body. A pair of plate-like members that are arranged in parallel in the axial direction and have a spiral shape in plan view with the drive surface at the edge, and the pair of plate-like materials. A holding frame that holds the driven body, and a guide member that is disposed between the pair of plate-like members and has a guide edge extending in the radial direction of the plate-like member. It is characterized by doing. According to this, the driven body driven by the driving surface provided at the edge of the pair of plate-like materials is held by the holding frames arranged on both sides in the axial direction, and between the pair of plate-like materials. It is guided by the guide edge of the arranged guide member. If comprised in this way, a drive body can be easily comprised by simple component structure, without complicating each component shape. In addition, since the drive surface is configured at the edge of the plate-like material, the spiral shape can be freely and easily formed by the planar shape of the plate-like material, and the shape accuracy of the drive surface can be increased. In addition, since the drive surface is configured at the edge of the plate-like material, the rigidity related to the deformation of the drive surface can be increased, so that a support structure for maintaining a spiral shape is not required or the support structure Can be configured easily, the change in the shape of the driver over time can be reduced, and the durability can be enhanced.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the principle of the drive mechanism according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the drive mechanism of the present invention, the drive body 10 shown in FIG. 4A has a spiral drive unit 11, and the inner and outer surfaces of the drive unit are the drive surfaces 11a and 11b. The driving surface 11 a is an inner surface of the driving unit 11, and the driving surface 11 b is an outer surface of the driving unit 11. The axis 10P of the driving body 10 is the center point (center axis) of the spiral. There are various types of spirals (plane spirals), and examples thereof include Archimedean spirals, hyperbolic spirals, logarithmic spirals (conformal spirals), and the like.

  The Archimedean spiral is represented by r = aθ = (P / 2π) · θ in a plane polar coordinate system in which the linear distance from the center point is r and the angle is θ. Here, a = v / ω (constant, v is a speed moving away from the center at a constant speed, ω is an angular speed), and P = 2πa is a pitch distance. In this case, since the pitch of the spiral is equal, the spiral shape of the present invention is most preferable.

  A hyperbolic spiral is represented by r = a / θ in the same plane polar coordinate system. Here, a is a constant. In this case, as θ increases, r decreases and the center point becomes an asymptotic point. In this spiral shape, the interval is abruptly narrowed toward the center.

The logarithmic spiral is represented by r = aexp [K · θ]. Here, a and K are constants. This spiral shape is a curve in which the angle formed by the moving radius and the tangent is constant. Therefore, when moving in the radial direction from the center point, the tangential direction always faces the same direction. The tangential slope φ = cot ⁻¹ K. In this case, the spiral pitch interval gradually increases as it goes outward.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4A, the driven body 15 is driven using the driving body 10 described above. In order to drive the driven body 15, the driving body 10 is rotated about its axis 10 </ b> P, and the driven body 15 is moved in the radial direction by the driving surface 11 a or 11 b provided on the driving unit 11 of the driving body 10. Here, in FIG. 4A, the driven body 15 is set so as to translate (in a straight line) along the radius of the driving body 10 (along the direction in which the straight line passing through the shaft core 10P extends). However, in the present invention, the moving path itself of the driven body 15 does not have to coincide with the radius of the driving body, and any linear or curved path may be used as long as it is different from the spiral direction of the driving body 10. You may be comprised so that it may take.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, when the driven body 15 is linearly moved along the radial direction of the driving body 10, the guide edge 12 a of the guide member 12 is disposed along the radius of the driving body 10. Is set so as to move while being held at positions S1 to S6 on the drive surface by being guided by the guide edge 12a.

  For example, when the shaft core 10P is set in the horizontal direction and the driving body 10 is rotated, the driven body 15 linearly moves in the vertical direction (vertical direction). Here, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the driving body 10 is rotated about the axis 10P in the clockwise direction in the figure, the driven body 15 is in contact with the driving surface 11b as shown in the solid line in the figure. Then, the driven body 15 moves upward. Further, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 4A, the driven body 15 moves downward if it is brought into contact with the drive surface 11a. These moving directions are reversed when the rotational direction of the driving body 10 is reversed.

  By the way, the guide means (guide member 12 shown in FIG. 4A) is not always necessary. For example, in the driving body 10 ′ shown in FIG. 4B, the driven body 15 is positioned at positions S1 to S1 which are the lowest points on the inner driving surface 11a ′ of the driving surfaces 11a ′ and 11b ′ of the driving unit 11 ′. Arranged in S5. Then, when the driving body 10 'is rotated counterclockwise, the driven body 15 is lifted as indicated by an arrow while being held at or near the positions S1 to S5 which are the lowest points on the driving surface 11a by its own weight. I will do it. In this case, since the driven body 15 is held by its own weight at the lowest point of the driving surface or in the vicinity thereof, it is not always necessary to provide the guide means corresponding to the guide means 12. In the drive body 10 'shown in FIG. 4B, the lowest point on the drive surface 11a' is slightly on the right side of the perpendicular line (indicated by the alternate long and short dashed line) passing through the axis 10P 'of the drive body 10'. Located in.

  FIG. 5 shows an operation mode of the driven body 15 when the driven body 15 is held on a vertical plane passing through the axis 10P of the driving body 10 as described above. Here, it is assumed that the driven body 15 is a cylindrical body, a cylindrical body, or a sphere having an axis parallel to the axis 10P, and is configured to be able to roll on the drive surface 11b along with translational movement. . The driven body 15 receives an attractive force W corresponding to its own mass downward, and a force F corresponding to the attractive force W and the inclination angle ψ of the drive surface 11b (more precisely, the inclination angle of the contact surface of the drive surface). Is received from the guide edge 12 a of the guide member 12. When the driven body 15 rolls on the drive surface 11b, the frictional force μF (μ is a dynamic friction coefficient) between the driven body 15 and the guide member 12 is substantially determined by the force F.

Here, assuming that the spiral shape of the driving body 10 is an Archimedean spiral, the inclination angle ψ (inclination angle of the contact surface of the driving surface) of the driving surface 11b on the vertical plane passing through the shaft core 10P is ψ = 2 / π-tan ⁻¹ θ. For example, ψ = 11.98 ° when θ = 1.5π, ψ = 9.04 ° when θ = 2π, ψ = 5.20 ° when θ = 3.5π, and ψ = 4 when θ = 4π. When .55 °, θ = 5.5π, ψ = 3.31 °, when θ = 6π, ψ = 3.04 °, when θ = 7.5π, ψ = 2.43 °, and when θ = 8π, ψ = 2.28 °. In this case, since the moving path of the driven body 15 coincides with the radius, the angle between the driving surface 11b and a predetermined tangential line (tangent surface) is calculated in the above calculation. It will be.

  Next, the force F is determined by the inclination angle ψ and the attractive force W, and F = Wtanψ. Here, if the driven body 15 rolls due to the rotation of the driving body 10 and the driven body 15 slides with respect to the guide edge 12a of the guide member 12, the frictional force generated by this sliding is μF = μWtanψ. It is. As described above, as θ becomes larger, the inclination angle ψ becomes smaller, so F also becomes smaller. Therefore, the frictional force also becomes smaller. Therefore, the friction loss is reduced when the region where θ is small is not used. However, in this case, if the movement stroke of the driven body is to be ensured, the driving body 10 is increased in size accordingly.

Driving load of the driver 10 due to the frictional force μF the driven body 15, i.e., the friction losses and M _F. Here, the distance between the axis 10 </ b> P of the driving body 10 and the guide edge 12 a (or an extension thereof) is at most within the diameter from the radius d of the driven body 15. Thus, for example, when the distance is equal to the radius d of FIG. 5, the friction losses M _F as a load of the driver becomes MyuFd.

The drive member 10 has its own weight W _O, but produce an axial loss M _X by the weight W of the body 15, which is the radius of the shaft support of the driver 10 e, the dynamic friction coefficient of the shaft support μ _{If O} , then M _X = μ _O (W _O + W) e.

Summing up the above results, if M _F = μFd (d is the radius of the driven body) is a friction loss due to rolling, the total loss M _TOTAL = M _F + M _X = μFd + μ _O (W _O + W) e = μWdtan ψ + μ _O (W _O + W) e. Here, if μ = 0.2, μ _O = 0.1, W = 5 g, W _O = 50 g, and tan ψ use the above average values, the total loss is about 2 g · cm. Therefore, it can be easily driven even with a slight driving torque such as a timepiece movement.

The above results show the case where a single driven body 15 is driven, and when a plurality of the driven bodies 15 are driven simultaneously (for example, at positions S1 to S6 shown in FIG. 4A). in the case where the moving object 15 at a plurality of positions among are arranged), multiplied by the number of driven body 15 throughout friction loss M _F in losses, the number of the body 15 to the W axis losses M _X in formula Multiply it. Here, for example, in order to configure the spiral pitch for moving the driven body 15 to be 15 mm and to raise the three driven bodies 15 at different circumferential positions simultaneously, the driven body 15 is introduced and derived. Therefore, the driving body 10 having a radius of 4 pitches and 15 mm × 4 = 6 cm is required. Then, using 3W instead of the shaft loss _{M X} in W, frictional losses _{M F} may be the entire 3 multiplied by.

  As a conventional method, the driven body is held on the outer periphery of the driving body, and the driving body is rotated from a state where the driven body is at the same height as the axis of the driving body to a state where it is disposed directly above the axis. By doing so, the driven body can be lifted. However, in this case, the maximum torque required by the driver is generated when it starts to move on the outer circumferential arc. The maximum torque is the product of the weight W of the driven body and the distance (radius) R from the axis of the driving body to the driven body. For example, the weight W of the driven body is 5 g and the radius R is 6 cm. If so, the required driving torque is 30 g · cm. Of course, also in this case, if the number of driven bodies increases, the maximum torque also increases. Even in this case, the same axial loss as described above is further added to obtain the total loss. Therefore, the total loss of this embodiment is extremely small compared to the total loss of the conventional drive mechanism.

  Next, FIG. 6 shows a driving mechanism using the driving body 10 and the driven body 15 similar to those shown in FIG. 4A, but the positions where the driven body 15 is held on the driving surface 11b are different. An example is shown. In this example, the driven body 15 is set not on the vertical plane passing through the axis 10P but on the vertex position 11bp of the drive surface 11b as shown in FIG. Further, since the driven body 15 is not stable on the vertex position 11 bp of the driving surface 11 b, guide members 12 A and 12 B are arranged on both sides, and the driven body 15 is moved in the vertical direction (vertical direction) by the guide edge portions 12 Aa and 12 Ba. To guide you.

In this case, since the driven body 15 is disposed substantially on the vertex position 11 bp, its tangent (tangent surface) is substantially horizontal, and therefore the stress F ′ received by the driven body 15 from the guide edge portions 12Aa and 12Ba. Becomes smaller than the force F (ideally 0). Thus, the frictional losses M _F described above hardly, because total loss is also reduced, the driving load is further reduced.

  FIGS. 8A and 8B show a state in the vicinity of the driven body when the driven body 15 is further shifted from the vertex position 11 bp to the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the driving body. In this case, as compared with the case shown in FIG. 7, the position of the guide edge 12Ba on the left side of the driven body 15 in the drawing is shifted to the left side of the drawing together with the position of the driven body 15. The guide edge 12Aa on the side opposite to the guide edge 12Ba is at the same position as that shown in FIG. In this state, if the drive surface 11b rotates at a speed v1 in the clockwise direction in the figure, the driven body 15 also rolls at a peripheral speed v1, but actually, the drive surface 11b and the driven body thereon are provided. No. 15 moves upward at a speed v2 because the drive surface 11b is formed in a spiral shape. Here, the relationship between v1 and v2 is that if the spiral is an Archimedean spiral (described in the description with reference to FIG. 4), a = v2 / ω and v1 = r · ω. v1 = 1 / θ, and v2 / v1 decreases as θ increases. Therefore, when θ = 1.5π to 8π is considered, v1 >> v2.

  Here, the rotational state of the driven body 15 is examined and viewed. Due to the clockwise rotation of the driving body 10, the rotation of the driven body 15 rolls counterclockwise. At this time, since the driven body 15 receives a force f ′ that tends to move to the right in the drawing due to the rotation of the driving body 10, the force F ″ generated between the driven body 15 and the guide edge 12Ba is 5 is obtained by subtracting the above f ′ from f = Wtan ψ ′ corresponding to the force F = Wtan ψ shown in FIG. 5. As a result, if ψ and ψ ′ do not differ greatly, the force F ″ is always greater than F. Small value. Therefore, the frictional force μF ″ caused by this force F ″ is also smaller than that shown in FIG.

  At this time, the direction of the frictional force μF ″ generated between the guide edge 12Ba and the driven body 15 is v1 >> v2, and thus the upper direction in the figure. Here, the guide member 12B is fixed. When the guide edge 12Ba is taken as a reference, as shown in FIG. 8B, when a certain time point t1 is compared with a subsequent time point t2, the driven body 15 contacts the lower position of the guide edge 12Ba at the time point t1. However, at the time point t2, it is in contact with the upper position, that is, the sliding speed between the fixed guide edge 12Ba and the driven body 15 is v1-v2. The friction loss caused by the movement is reduced as compared with that for the guide edge 12Aa shown in FIGS.

  Contrary to the above, even when the driven body 15 is held and driven on the lowest position of the drive surface 11a, the friction loss due to the friction with the guide member due to rolling can be reduced as described above. it can. In this case, since the driven body 15 can be held at the lowest position of the drive surface 11a by attractive force, the guide member is not required if the rotation speed is constant and sufficiently slow. However, practically, it is desirable to provide guide means for holding both sides of the driven body 15 as described above.

[First embodiment]
Next, based on the above principle, a first embodiment of the drive mechanism according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the drive mechanism 100 as viewed obliquely from above, FIG. 2 is a front view (a), a plan view (b) and a right side view (c) of the drive mechanism 100, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view when an introduction part and a lead-out part of a driven body are installed at 100. The drive mechanism 100 includes a drive body 110 having a spiral drive surface formed in a counterclockwise direction from the inside to the outside as shown in the figure, and a driven body (not shown) configured in a spherical shape is the drive body 110. When the drive body 110 is supplied to the drive surface of the drive body 110 at a lower position slightly above the axis of the shaft, the driven body gradually rises as the drive body 110 rotates (clockwise in the illustrated example). When the driven body reaches the position, the driven body is taken out.

  In this driving body 110, a pair of spiral belt members 111A and 111B configured in a spiral shape when viewed from the axial direction are arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction (that is, the axial direction of the driving body 110). Yes. The extended shapes of the inner and outer surfaces of the spiral strips 111A and 111B are each formed in a spiral shape, and the inner and outer surfaces constitute the drive surface described above. Plate-shaped holding frames 113A and 113B are disposed on both front and rear sides of the pair of spiral strips 111A and 111B. The holding frames 113A and 113B are for holding the driven bodies arranged on the drive surfaces configured in the spiral shape of the spiral strips 111A and 111B so as not to drop off from the drive surfaces. The holding frame 113 </ b> A disposed on the front side is formed with an introduction port 113 </ b> Ax that opens forward in the vicinity (center side) of the axis of the driving body 110, and opens forward in the outer peripheral portion of the driving body 110. A lead-out port 113Ay is formed. The pair of spiral belt members 111A and 111B and the holding frames 113A and 113B are integrally formed by support members 114A and 114B, and are fixed to a hub described later.

  A drive source 120 is arranged behind the drive body 110 as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C, and a drive shaft 121 of the drive source 120 is connected to a hub 122. As the drive source 120, a rotational drive means such as an appropriate drive motor can be used. In the present embodiment, the drive source 120 is constituted by a timepiece drive mechanism (movement). The hub 122 is fixed to the central portion of the driving body 110 and is rotated together with the driving body 110 by the driving force of the driving source 120.

  On the other hand, support frames 102A and 102B are fixed to the front and rear positions of the base 101, respectively, and these support frames 102A and 102B pivotally support the drive body 110 via the hub 122. The rear support frame 102B is provided with a support extension 102Bx extending upward, and the support extension 102Bx supports and fixes the upper part of the guide member 112. The guide member 112 is disposed so as to extend in the vertical direction through the pair of spiral strips 111A and 111B. The lower part of the guide member 112 is fixed to the base 101.

  In FIG. 1 or FIG. 3, the guide member 112 is fixed and is always disposed at a fixed position (in the illustrated example, a position extending up and down the axis of the drive body 110) even when the drive body 110 rotates. The guide member 112 has a pair of guide portions 112A and 112B extending in the illustrated vertical direction. The pair of guide portions 112 </ b> A and 112 </ b> B are arranged so as to extend substantially in the vertical direction above the axis of the driving body 110. In the guide portions 112A and 112B, guide edge portions 122Aa and 112Ba, which are opposed to each other, are formed so as to extend vertically above the axis. More specifically, one guide portion 112A formed on the rotational direction (clockwise) side of the driving body 110 extends upward in a posture slightly inclined above the axial center toward the rotational direction side. Further, the other guide portion 112B formed on the opposite side to the rotation direction of the drive body 110 extends upward substantially vertically on the opposite side to the rotation direction above the shaft core.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the drive mechanism 100, when the introduction port 113Ax provided in the holding frame 113A comes to a position directly above the axis of the drive body 110, a driven body (not shown) is swirled through the introduction port 113Ax. 1 when the introduction guide 132 to be introduced onto the outer surface of the strips 111A and 111B and the outlet 113Ay shown in FIG. 1 provided in the holding frame 113A are located directly above the axis of the driving body 110. A lead-out guide 133 that guides a driven body (not shown) that has been lifted while being guided by the guide member 112 by the rotation of the body 110 through the lead-out port 113Ay is provided. These introduction guide 132 and lead-out guide 133 are supported and fixed in front of the driving body 110 by a support body 131. As shown in the figure, the introduction guide 132 and the lead-out guide 133 are configured in a bowl shape that can be introduced or led out by rolling the driven body.

  In this embodiment, the driven body supplied from the introduction guide 132 is introduced into the holding frame 113A through the introduction port 113Ax when the introduction port 113Ax appears at the outlet of the introduction guide 132 as the driving body 110 rotates. These are disposed on the surfaces of the spiral strips 111A and 111B. At this time, the introduced driven body is disposed between the opposing guide edges 112Aa and 112Ba of the guide member 112, and the position in the rotation direction is regulated by these guide edges 112Aa and 112Ba. Thereafter, the driven body is gradually lifted upward with the rotation of the driving body 110, and when the outlet port 113Ay appears at a position where the driven body is disposed, the driven body moves to the outlet guide 133 through the outlet port 113Ay. Discharged. Actually, the plurality of driven bodies supplied from the introduction guide 132 in the above-described procedure are sequentially lifted and discharged from the derivation guide 133 sequentially.

  In the present embodiment configured as described above, the driven body is introduced only at the introduction port 113Ax provided at a certain predetermined position of the drive body 110, and the lead-out port 113Ay provided at another predetermined position of the drive body 110. The driven object is derived only at. Each of these inlets 113Ax and outlets 113Ay may be provided one by one or plural. In any case, since the driven body is always introduced at a fixed position and the driven body is derived at another fixed position, the moving range (moving distance) of the driven body is always constant.

  Next, the structure of the outlet in the above embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. Since the spiral strips 111A and 111B are basically arranged in parallel on both sides with the guide member 112 interposed therebetween, the surface of the spiral strip 111A and the surface of 111B are basically at the same angular position. It is the same height. However, in the above-described outlet 113Ay, the discharge portion 111Ay of the spiral band 111A present on the side where the outlet 113Ay is provided is low, and the spiral exists on the side opposite to the side where the outlet 113Ay is provided. The discharge part 111By of the strip 111B is high. As a result, when the outlet 113Ay reaches the front position of the driven body 115 whose angular position is held by the guide member 112, the driven body 115 moves from the discharge part 111By of the spiral band 111B to the discharge part 111Ay of the spiral band 111A. It can be configured such that it is discharged from the outlet 113Ay naturally onto the outlet guide 133 according to gravity. In such a configuration, it is preferable that the spiral strips 111A and 111B are configured so that a difference in height gradually occurs as the angular position approaches the outlet port 113Ay. As a result, the driven body 115 gradually moves toward the outlet 113Ay as the outlet 113Ay approaches, and is immediately discharged when the outlet 113Ay appears.

  FIG. 10 shows a different configuration in the vicinity of the outlet 113Ay. In this configuration example, at the position where the outlet 113Ay is provided, inclined portions 111Ay 'and 111By' inclined toward the outlet 113Ay are formed on the spiral strips 111A and 111B. Further, the end of the inclined portion 111Ay ′ opposite to the outlet 113Ay is the same as or lower than the end of the inclined portion 111By ′ on the outlet 113Ay side. With this configuration, the driven body 115 can be guided to the outlet 113Ay by the inclined portions 111By ′ and 111Ay ′, so that the driven body 115 can be discharged more smoothly and reliably. In this case, the spiral strips 111A and 111B are preferably configured such that the inclination angle gradually increases as the angular position approaches the outlet port 113Ay. As a result, the driven body 115 can be discharged more smoothly from the outlet 113Ay.

  FIG. 11 shows a structure in the vicinity of the inlet 113Ax of the driver 110. FIG. The spiral strips 111A and 111B are formed such that, at the angular position of the introduction port 113Ax, the introduction portion 111Ax existing on the introduction port 113Ax side is higher than the introduction portion 111Bx on the opposite side. Thereby, when the driven body 115 introduced from the introduction guide 132 is disposed on the introduction portions 111Ax and 111Bx, it can be configured not to jump out of the introduction port 113Ax again. In this case, it is preferable that the spiral belt members 111A and 111B are configured such that the height difference is gradually reduced as the angular position moves away from the introduction port 113Ax, in order to drive the driven body 115 smoothly. In contrast to FIG. 10, the introduction portions 111 </ b> Ax and 111 </ b> Bx may be inclined downward toward the opposite side to the introduction port 113 </ b> Ax. In this case, it is desirable that the end portion of the introduction portion 111Ax opposite to the introduction port 113Ax is the same height as or higher than the end portion of the introduction portion 111Bx on the introduction port 113Ax side. As a result, the driven body 115 can be introduced more smoothly.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 12 is a schematic front view showing the driving mechanism 100 ′ of the second embodiment with the holding frame omitted, and FIGS. 13A and 13B are a pair of plate-like members constituting the driving body of the driving mechanism 100 ′. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a planar shape, FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a guide member and a support member of the drive mechanism 100 ′ overlapped with the drive surface shape, and FIGS. 15A and 15B are plate-like holding frames of the drive mechanism 100 ′. FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vicinity of the central portion of the drive mechanism 100 ′.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the drive mechanism 100 'of this embodiment includes a base 101', a support frame 102A ', a support member 102B' having a support extension 102Bx ', and guide members having guide portions 112A' and 112B '. Since 112 ′, support members 114A ′ and 114B ′, hub 122 ′, and drive source 120 ′ are configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

  In the present embodiment, plate members 111A ′ and 111B ′ having a spiral view in the axial direction are used as the drive member constituting the drive body 110 ′ instead of the spiral band member. . Here, the plate-like members 111A ′ and 111B ′ can have a width on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction larger than the thickness of the driving body 110 ′ in the axial direction. The plate-like members 111A 'and 111B' have a spiral planar shape as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, and the planar edges of the planar members 111Ax ', 111Ay', 111Bx ' , 111By ′. In this embodiment, an example in which edges (outer edges) 111Ax ′ and 111Bx ′ on the outer peripheral side of the plate-like material are used as driving surfaces will be described below. (Inner edge) 111Ay ', 111By' may be used as the driving surface.

  In this embodiment, a pair of plate members 111A 'and 111B' are arranged on both sides in the axial direction of the guide member 112 '. As shown in FIG. 16, these plate members 111A' and 111B 'connect the connecting pin 116'. Via the support members 114A 'and 114B'. Further, the holding frames 113A ′ and 113B ′ shown in FIG. 15 are arranged on both sides in the axial direction of the plate-like materials 111A ′ and 111B ′, and are supported and fixed by the support members 114A ′ and 114B ′. The plate-like members 111A 'and 111B', the holding frames 113A 'and 113B', and the supporting members 114A 'and 114B' constitute a driving body 110 'connected and fixed to the hub 122', and are integrated by the driving source 120 '. It is comprised so that it may rotate. Here, the rotation axis of the driving body 110 'is set to be horizontal.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the driven body 115 ′ is supported so as to straddle the drive surface 111Ax ′ of the plate-shaped member 111A ′ and the drive surface 111Bx ′ of the plate-shaped member 111B ′, and the guide edge of the guide member 112 ′. It is configured to move in the radial direction of the driving body 110 ′ while being guided by the section. At this time, the holding frames 113A ′ and 113B ′ are configured to hold the driven body 115 ′ from both sides in the axial direction. Actually, if the base 101 'is stationary, the driven body 115' is supported by the pair of driving surfaces 111Ax 'and 111Bx', and thus moves in the radial direction of the driving body 110 '. The holding frames 113A 'and 113B' do not come into contact with each other, but the driven body 115 'is shaken when the driven body 115' is introduced into the driving body 110 'or subjected to external vibration as described later. In this case, the holding frames 113A ′ and 113B ′ prevent the driven body 115 ′ from coming off from the driving surface.

  The outer end portion 111Bz ′ of the drive surface 111Bx ′ of the plate-like material 111B ′ shown in FIG. 13A is more than the outer end portion 111Az ′ of the drive surface 111Ax ′ of the plate-like material 111A ′ shown in FIG. Arranged radially outward. Accordingly, when the outer end portion 111Az ′ and the outer end portion 111Bz ′ of the driving surface are located immediately above the hub 122 ′, a height difference is generated between the outer end portion 111Az ′ and the outer end portion 111Bz ′. In addition, in the holding frame 113A ′ shown in FIG. 15B, an introduction port 113Ax ′ is provided in the inner peripheral portion of the driving body 110 ′, and a lead-out port 113Ay ′ is provided in the outer peripheral portion of the driving body 110 ′. . The outlet 113Ay ′ of the holding frame 113A ′ is configured to open the space on the outer end portions 111Az ′ and 111Bz ′ forward in the axial direction.

  Thus, when the driven body 115 ′ is introduced into the driving body 110 ′ from the introduction port 113Ax ′, the driven body 115 ′ is gradually lifted upward while being arranged on the driving surface by the rotation of the driving body 110 ′. When the driven body 115 'is arranged on the outermost drive surface, the outer end 111Az' and the outer end 111Bz 'of the drive surface come to the position directly above the hub 122'. Since the driven body 115 'is disposed on the end portion 111Az' and the outer end portion 111Bz ', the driven body 115' rolls forward in the axial direction due to the height difference and is led out through the outlet 113Ay '. The

  In the present embodiment, the driving body 110 ′ is provided with the spiral plate-like members 111A ′ and 111B ′ having a driving surface at the edge, so that the spiral driving surface can be easily and freely formed. In addition, it can be formed with high accuracy. That is, since the planar shape may be formed so that the edge of the plate-like material is spiral, it can be easily manufactured by various manufacturing methods such as press punching, etching, and injection molding. In addition, since the spiral shape of the drive surface is configured by the edge shape, the spiral shape can be freely designed only by appropriately setting the planar shape. In particular, it is possible to easily form a shape that is partially different from others, such as the outer end portions 111Az ′ and 111Bz ′ of the pair of plate-like members 111A′111B ′. Furthermore, since the edge shape of the plate-like material can be processed and formed with high accuracy by the manufacturing method described above, a high-precision drive surface can be formed. Moreover, since the plate-like material is formed in a spiral shape in plan view so that the edge becomes the driving surface, it is easy to increase the radial thickness compared to the axial width of the driving surface. Since the rigidity against the deformation of the drive surface can be increased, it can withstand a large drive load, and the drive surface can be prevented from being deformed over time, so the durability can be improved. .

  In the above embodiment, since the pair of plate-like members 111A ′ and 111B ′ has a spiral planar shape, the weight balance around the rotation axis of the driving body 110 ′ tends to be biased. If the weight balance around the rotation axis of the driving body 110 ′ is biased, the driving load of the driving source 120 ′ increases, and if the driving torque is small, the driving body 110 ′ is likely to be uneven in rotation. It is preferable to make the weight balance around the rotation axis 110 'uniform. FIG. 17 shows a weight compensator 114Cx that can be used in place of the support members of the first and second embodiments in order to equalize the weight balance around the rotation axis of the driver 110 '. The shape of the provided support member 114C is shown. The support member 114C includes a plurality of support arm portions extending radially from the hub as in the first and second embodiments, but the outer peripheral portion of a pair of adjacent support arm portions. The weight compensator 114Cx is connected between the two. In the illustrated example, the weight compensator 114Cx is formed in an arc shape centered on the rotational axis of the driver 110 '. The weight compensation unit 114Cx is preferably disposed at an angular position away from the outer end portion of a member (strip member or plate-like member) constituting the spiral drive surface in order to reduce the weight balance. In addition, as said weight compensation part 114Cx, you may provide directly in a holding frame, a strip | belt material, or a plate-shaped material, not only a support member.

[Third embodiment]
Finally, a third embodiment different from the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 18 is a schematic plan perspective view (a), a longitudinal sectional view (b), and a longitudinal sectional view (c) of a modification of the drive mechanism 200. In the drive mechanism 200 of this embodiment, a disc-like drive body 210 is provided as a whole. A spiral rib 211 is formed on the surface of the drive body 210, and drive surfaces 211 a and 211 b are formed on the rib 211. Here, the drive surface 211a is the inner surface of the spiral, and the drive surface 211b is the outer surface of the spiral. The drive body 210 is connected to the output shaft 221 of the drive motor 220 shown in FIG. 18B and is configured to be rotationally driven.

  Guide members 212 </ b> A and 212 </ b> B are fixed above the driving body 210. Between the guide members 212A and 212B, a guide path 212C extending in the radial direction of the spiral of the driving body 210 is formed by the opposing guide edges of the guide members 212A and 212B. And the to-be-driven body 215 is arrange | positioned in the state which can move along this guide path 212C. The driven portion 215A of the driven body 215 is in contact with the drive surfaces 211a and 211b (211b in the illustrated example) of the drive body 210. The driven portion 215A may be configured to substantially contact both the drive surfaces 211a and 211b. The driven portion 215 </ b> A is preferably configured as a cylindrical body, a cylindrical body, or a sphere having an axis parallel to the spiral axis of the driving body 210. In the illustrated example, it is a cylindrical body.

  The driven body 215 includes a driven portion 215B provided above the driven portion 215A. The driven portion 215B is in sliding contact with the upper surfaces of the guide members 212A and 212B. Therefore, the driven body 215 is configured to be movable in the radial direction of the driving body 210 along the guide path 212C in a state where the driven portion 215B is supported by the guide members 212A and 212B.

  In this embodiment, when the driving body 210 is driven to rotate, the driven body 215 translates in the radial direction along the guide path 212C. At this time, the driven body 215 engaged with the guide members 212A and 212B fixed by the rotational drive of the driving body 210 moves along the guide path 212C while rolling around an axis parallel to the spiral axis. It is preferable to configure.

  FIG. 18C shows a configuration example of a drive mechanism having a different driven body 215 ′ in a drive mechanism having the same drive body 210, guide members 212A and 212B, drive motor 220, and drive shaft 221 as described above. . The driven body 215 ′ is provided with a driven portion 215A ′ that is in contact with the drive surface 211b of the rib 211 and a driven portion 215B ′. Here, the driven portion 215A ′ is configured in the same manner as the driven portion 215A. The driven portion 215B ′ is basically the same as that described above in that it is in sliding contact with the guide members 212A and 212B, but the driven portion 215B ′ is formed with a driving force transmission means such as a rack shown in the figure. Has been. In this example, the gear 230 is rotationally driven by a driving force transmission means (rack).

  The drive mechanism of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples described above, and it is needless to say that various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, in each of the illustrated examples, the driven body is driven by the outer surface of the spiral as the driving surface mainly configured in a spiral shape. On the contrary, the driven body is driven by the inner surface of the spiral. It doesn't matter if you do.

The perspective view which shows the principal part of the drive mechanism of an Example. The front view (a) of the principal part of a drive mechanism, a top view (b), and a right view (c). The perspective view of a drive mechanism. Principle diagrams of the drive mechanism (a) and (b). The expansion explanatory drawing of the drive part of the driven body of a drive mechanism. The principle figure which shows the different condition of a drive mechanism. Expansive explanatory drawing of the drive part of the to-be-driven body in a different position of a drive mechanism. Expansive explanatory drawing (b) and (c) of the drive part of the driven body in a different position of the drive mechanism. Explanatory drawing of the derivation | leading-out part of the driven body of a drive mechanism. Explanatory drawing of the derivation | leading-out part from which the driven body of a drive mechanism differs. Explanatory drawing of the introduction part of the driven body of a drive mechanism. The schematic front view which abbreviate | omits a holding frame and shows the drive mechanism of 2nd Example. The figure which shows the planar shape of a pair of plate-shaped material which comprises the drive body of the drive mechanism of 2nd Example (a) and (b). The figure which shows the guide member and support member of the drive mechanism of 2nd Example superimposed with the drive surface shape. The figure which shows the holding frame of the drive mechanism of 2nd Example with the general shape of a plate-shaped material. Longitudinal sectional views (a) and (b) in the vicinity of the center of the drive mechanism of the second embodiment. The figure which overlaps and shows the modification of the supporting member of 2nd Example with a guide member. The plane perspective view (a) of a different drive mechanism, a longitudinal cross-sectional view (b), and the longitudinal cross-sectional view (c) of a modification.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100,200 ... Drive mechanism, 110 ... Drive body, 111A, 111B ... Spiral strip material, 112 ... Guide member, 113A, 113B ... Holding frame, 15, 115, 215, 215 '... Driven body

Claims (3)

A driven body including a driven body, a driving body that supports and drives the driven body, and a rotation driving unit that rotationally drives the driven body, and the driven body is driven by the driving surface and driven; Translate in the radial direction of the body,
The drive body has a pair of spiral strips on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotational drive, which is parallel to the axial direction of the rotational drive,
A guide member disposed between the pair of spiral strips and having a guide edge extending in a radial direction of the spiral strip; and installed on both sides of the pair of spiral strips; And a holding frame for holding the drive mechanism. A driven body including a driven body, a driving body that supports and drives the driven body, and a rotation driving unit that rotationally drives the driven body, and the driven body is driven by the driving surface and driven; Translate in the radial direction of the body,
The drive body has a pair of spiral plate-like members on a plane orthogonal to the axis of the rotational drive provided with an edge of the drive surface in parallel in the axial direction of the rotational drive,
A guide member disposed between the pair of plate-like materials and having a guide edge extending in the radial direction of the plate-like material; and installed on both sides in the axial direction of the pair of plate-like materials to hold the driven body And a holding frame.   A timepiece having the drive mechanism according to claim 1.

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