JP4521526B2 - Battery assembly remaining capacity display device - Google Patents

Battery assembly remaining capacity display device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4521526B2
JP4521526B2 JP30043799A JP30043799A JP4521526B2 JP 4521526 B2 JP4521526 B2 JP 4521526B2 JP 30043799 A JP30043799 A JP 30043799A JP 30043799 A JP30043799 A JP 30043799A JP 4521526 B2 JP4521526 B2 JP 4521526B2
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Prior art keywords
battery
remaining capacity
battery set
voltage
capacity display
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JP2001116812A (en
JP2001116812A5 (en
Inventor
秀一 原田
健朗 石丸
信宏 高野
一彦 船橋
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Koki Holdings Co Ltd
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Hitachi Koki Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は充電可能な複数の素電池例えばニッケル・カドミウム電池やニッケル水素電池等からなる電池組の残容量を演算し表示する電池組の残容量表示装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
電池組の残容量表示装置の一例を図２を用いて説明する。図において、２は電池組１に流れる充電電流または放電電流を検出し電圧に変換する電流検出手段、３、４は電池組１の正極端子、負極端子であり、図示しない充電器に接続した時には電池組１に充電電流が流れ、例えば電動工具等の負荷に接続した時には電池組１から放電電流が流れる。１０は演算増幅器１１、抵抗１２ａ〜１２ｄからなる増幅手段で、充電電流が電流検出手段２によって変換される電圧を反転増幅する。２０は演算増幅器２１、抵抗２２ａ〜２２ｄからなる増幅手段で、放電電流が電流検出手段２によって変換される電圧を非反転増幅する。４０は抵抗４３ａ、４３ｂからなる電池電圧検出手段であり、電池組１の電池電圧を分圧する。５０は演算手段（ＣＰＵ）５１、ＲＯＭ５２、ＲＡＭ５３、タイマ５４、Ａ／Ｄコンバータ５５、出力ポート５６ａ、リセット入力ポート５７からなる制御手段としてのマイコンである。マイコン５０はタイマ５４を用い一定周期ごとに増幅手段１０、２０からＡ／Ｄコンバータ５５を介して信号を入力し、電池組１が充電中、放電中または充電も放電も行わないいずれの状態かをチェックし、電池組１の充電量の積算または放電量の積算を行い電池組１の残容量演算を行う。６０はＬＥＤ６１ａ〜６１ｅ、抵抗６２ａ〜６２ｅからなる残容量表示手段で、マイコン５０における残容量演算結果に基づいた出力ポート５６ａの設定に応じてＬＥＤ６１ａ〜６１ｅを表示する。７０はリセットＩＣであり、後述する３端子レギュレータ８１の出力電圧に応じてＬレベルのリセット信号をリセット入力ポート５７を介してマイコン５０に送りマイコン５０をリセットする。８０は３端子レギュレータ８１、コンデンサ８２からなる定電圧手段であり、マイコン５０、増幅手段１０、２０及び残容量表示手段６０へ一定電圧を供給する。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記の残容量表示装置においては、正極端子３、負極端子４に負荷が接続されていなくても、電池組１の電池電圧は演算増幅手段１０、２０の演算増幅器１１、２１、電池電圧検出手段４０、マイコン５０、リセットＩＣ７０に供給されており、電池組１が放置等された場合には電池組１はいずれ過放電状態となり、特にニッケル水素電池における過放電は、その後の充電における容量が過放電される前の容量に比べ少なくなり、またその後の充放電の繰り返しによる容量の回復特性も悪く、ニッケル水素電池においては上記した残容量表示装置の付加には問題がある。
【０００４】
本発明の目的は、上記した従来技術の欠点をなくし、残容量表示装置そのものの負荷により過放電状態となるのを防止するようにした電池組の残容量表示装置を提供することである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記した目的は、電池組に流出入する電流の大きさと方向を示す出力を発生する電流検出手段と、電流検出手段の出力を増幅する増幅手段と、増幅手段の出力に基づいて電池組の残容量を演算する制御手段と、制御手段の出力に基づいて電池組の残容量を表示する残容量表示手段と、電池組の電池電圧を検出する検出する電池電圧検出手段とを有し、前記増幅手段、制御手段、残容量表示手段の電源電圧を電池組の電池電圧とした電池組の残容量表示装置であって、前記電池電圧検出手段が電池組の電池電圧が第２所定値以下に低下したことを検出すると共に電流検出手段が流れる電流が所定値以下に低下したことを検出した時に、電池組の電池電圧を増幅手段、制御手段、残容量表示手段に供給しないようにすることにより達成される。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１は本発明の一実施形態を示す電池組の残容量表示装置の回路図である。図において、３０は３端子レギュレータ３１、スイッチング素子３２、３３、リセットＩＣ３４、ダイオード３５、３６、抵抗３７ａ〜３７ｃ、コンデンサ３８、３９からなる定電圧手段であり、３端子レギュレータ３１は電池組１の電池電圧を定電圧化し、スイッチング素子３２、３３とそれに連なる抵抗３７ａ〜３７ｃは定電圧源供給遮断手段としての機能を有し、リセットＩＣ３４は電池組１の電池電圧が第１所定値以下になると電圧源供給遮断手段に定電圧の供給を遮断する信号を出力する電池電圧低下検出手段としての機能を有する。ダイオード３５、３６はＯＲ回路を構成し、リセットＩＣ３４からの信号と、マイコン５０からの出力信号をＯＲ論理でスイッチング素子３２、３３をオンオフする。ただし、電池組１の電池電圧が第1所定値以下になる前にはリセットＩＣ３４の出力はＨレベルでスイッチング素子３３、３２をオンさせてマイコン５０、後述する残容量表示手段６０、増幅手段１０、２０に電源が供給され、マイコン５０の出力ポート５６ｂのＨレベルの出力信号がＯＲ回路を構成するダイオード３６を介してＦＥＴ３３のゲートに加えられるのでＦＥＴ３３,３２はオン状態を維持する。このため、電池組１が放電を続け、電池組１の電池電圧が第１所定値以下になってリセットＩＣ３４がＬレベルの出力を発生したとしても、後述する如く、ＦＥＴ３３、３２がオフすることはなく、マイコン５０、増幅手段１０、２０、残容量表示手段６０等は動作を継続する。
【０００７】
４０はスイッチング素子４１、４２、抵抗４３ａ〜４３ｅからなる電池電圧検出手段であり、スイッチング素子４１、４２、抵抗４３ｃ〜４３ｅは電池組１と抵抗４３ａ、４３ｂとの接続を遮断する電池電圧検出遮断手段としての機能を有し、マイコン５０の出力信号に応じて電池組１と抵抗４３ａ、４３ｂとを接続または遮断する。スイッチング素子４１がオンした時は電池組１の電池電圧を抵抗４３ａ、４３ｂで分圧する。
【０００８】
マイコン５０はタイマ５４を用い一定周期ごとに増幅手段１０、２０からＡ／Ｄコンバータ５５を介して信号を入力し、電池組１が充電中、放電中または充電も放電も行わないいずれの状態かをチェックし、電池組１の充電量の積算または放電量の積算を行い電池組１の残容量演算を行う。またマイコン５０は、増幅手段１０、２０の出力に基づいて電流検出手段２に流れる電流が所定値以下と判別し、電池電圧検出手段４０によって検出された電池電圧が第２所定値（＜第１所定値）以下に低下したと判別した時に、出力ポート５６ｂを介してダイオード３６にＬレベルの出力を発生し、スイッチング素子３３、３２をオフして電池組１の電池電圧が増幅手段１０、２０等に供給しないようにする。マイコン５０の出力ポート５６ｂの出力がＬレベルとなった時に電池組１の電池電圧が既に第１所定値以下となってリセットＩＣ３４の出力がＬレベルとなっているので、スイッチング素子３３、３２はオフとなり、３端子レギュレータ３１は定電圧の供給を遮断する。これは大きな負荷電流が流れた時に電池組１の電池電圧が低下し、この状態を検出してスイッチング素子３２、３３をオフすると、電池組１が過放電でないにもかかわらず電池組１が遮断される恐れがあるためである。すなわち大きな負荷電流が流れていない時の電池組１の電池電圧が第２所定値以下に低下した時または負荷電流が流れていない時の電池電圧が第２所定値以下に低下した時のみ、電池組１の電池電圧を増幅手段１０、２０、マイコン５０、残容量表示手段６０に供給しないようにするものである。
【０００９】
電池組１の電池電圧の供給を遮断する回路構成は上記に限るものではなく、マイコン５０からの出力信号がなくても可能であり、リセットＩＣ３４の前段のコンデンサ３８の容量を調整して、モータ等の負荷が接続されて起動電流等の大きな負荷電流が流れた時に、リセットＩＣ３４の入力電圧に急激な出力電圧の低下を検出できないようにすれば、マイコン５０の出力ポート５６ｂからダイオード３６を介して出力する信号は必要ない。
【００１０】
また、上記実施形態で定電圧源供給遮断手段として構成したスイッチング素子３２、３３とそれに連なる抵抗３７ａ〜３７ｃもこれに限るものではなく、現在では３端子レギュレータ３１に、定電圧源供給遮断手段を内蔵した３端子レギュレータも市販されており、これを使用しても構わない。
【００１１】
なお上記実施形態においては、電流検出手段２に流れる電流が所定値以下の時に電池電圧検出手段４０が電池電圧が第２所定値以下に低下したこと及びリセットＩＣ３４が電池電圧が第１所定値以下に低下したことを検出した時に、電池組１の電池電圧を増幅手段１０、２０等に供給しないようにしたが、電流検出手段２に流れる電流が所定値以下の時にマイコン５０がダイオード３６にＨレベルの出力を発生するようにすれば、電池電圧検出手段４０を省略することができ、構成を簡単にできる。
【００１２】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、残容量表示装置そのものの負荷により電池組が過放電状態とならないようにしたので、電池組の寿命を長くすることが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態を示す回路図。
【図２】従来の残容量表示装置の一例を示す回路図。
【符号の説明】
１は電池組、２は電流検出手段、１０、２０は増幅手段、３０は定電圧手段、４０は電池電圧検出手段、５０は制御手段としてのマイコン、６０は残容量表示手段である。[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a remaining capacity display device for a battery set that calculates and displays the remaining capacity of a battery set comprising a plurality of rechargeable cells, for example, a nickel cadmium battery or a nickel metal hydride battery.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An example of the remaining capacity display device of the battery set will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 2 is a current detection means for detecting a charging current or a discharging current flowing through the battery set 1 and converting it into a voltage, and 3 and 4 are a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the battery set 1 when connected to a charger (not shown). A charging current flows through the battery set 1, and a discharging current flows from the battery set 1 when connected to a load such as a power tool. Reference numeral 10 denotes an amplifying means comprising an operational amplifier 11 and resistors 12a to 12d, which inverts and amplifies the voltage at which the charging current is converted by the current detecting means 2. Reference numeral 20 denotes an amplifying means comprising an operational amplifier 21 and resistors 22a to 22d, which non-inverts and amplifies the voltage at which the discharge current is converted by the current detecting means 2. Reference numeral 40 denotes a battery voltage detection means including resistors 43a and 43b, which divides the battery voltage of the battery set 1. Reference numeral 50 denotes a microcomputer as control means comprising a calculation means (CPU) 51, ROM 52, RAM 53, timer 54, A / D converter 55, output port 56a, and reset input port 57. The microcomputer 50 inputs a signal from the amplifying means 10 and 20 through the A / D converter 55 at regular intervals using the timer 54, and the battery set 1 is in a state of charging, discharging, or neither charging nor discharging. Is checked, and the remaining amount of the battery set 1 is calculated by integrating the charge amount or the discharge amount of the battery set 1. Reference numeral 60 denotes a remaining capacity display means including LEDs 61a to 61e and resistors 62a to 62e, which display the LEDs 61a to 61e in accordance with the setting of the output port 56a based on the remaining capacity calculation result in the microcomputer 50. Reference numeral 70 denotes a reset IC, which resets the microcomputer 50 by sending an L level reset signal to the microcomputer 50 via the reset input port 57 in accordance with an output voltage of a three-terminal regulator 81 described later. Reference numeral 80 denotes constant voltage means comprising a three-terminal regulator 81 and a capacitor 82, and supplies a constant voltage to the microcomputer 50, the amplifying means 10, 20 and the remaining capacity display means 60.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above remaining capacity display device, even if no load is connected to the positive terminal 3 and the negative terminal 4, the battery voltage of the battery set 1 is the operational amplifiers 11 and 21 of the operational amplification means 10 and 20, the battery voltage detection means. 40, the microcomputer 50, and the reset IC 70. If the battery set 1 is left unattended, the battery set 1 will eventually be in an overdischarged state. In particular, overdischarge in a nickel metal hydride battery will cause excessive capacity in subsequent charging. Compared to the capacity before discharging, the capacity recovery characteristics due to repeated charging / discharging thereafter are also poor, and there is a problem with the addition of the remaining capacity display device described above in a nickel metal hydride battery.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to provide a remaining capacity display device for a battery set that eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art described above and prevents an overdischarge state due to the load of the remaining capacity display device itself.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The purpose described above is to provide a current detection means for generating an output indicating the magnitude and direction of the current flowing into and out of the battery set, an amplification means for amplifying the output of the current detection means, and the remaining battery set based on the output of the amplification means. Control means for calculating capacity, remaining capacity display means for displaying the remaining capacity of the battery set based on the output of the control means, and battery voltage detection means for detecting the battery voltage of the battery set , the amplification Means, control means, and remaining capacity display device using the battery voltage of the battery set as the power voltage of the remaining capacity display means, wherein the battery voltage detecting means reduces the battery voltage of the battery set to a second predetermined value or less. This is achieved by preventing the battery voltage of the battery set from being supplied to the amplifying means, the control means, and the remaining capacity display means when it is detected that the current flowing through the current detecting means has dropped below a predetermined value. Is done.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a remaining capacity display device for a battery set according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 30 is a constant voltage means comprising a three-terminal regulator 31, switching elements 32 and 33, a reset IC 34, diodes 35 and 36, resistors 37a to 37c, and capacitors 38 and 39. The battery voltage is made constant, and the switching elements 32 and 33 and the resistors 37a to 37c connected to the switching elements 32 and 33 have a function as a constant voltage source supply cutoff means, and the reset IC 34 is set when the battery voltage of the battery set 1 falls below the first predetermined value. It has a function as a battery voltage drop detecting means for outputting a signal for cutting off the supply of constant voltage to the voltage source supply cutoff means. The diodes 35 and 36 constitute an OR circuit, and the switching elements 32 and 33 are turned on / off by OR logic of the signal from the reset IC 34 and the output signal from the microcomputer 50. However, before the battery voltage of the battery set 1 falls below the first predetermined value, the output of the reset IC 34 is at the H level and the switching elements 33 and 32 are turned on to turn on the microcomputer 50, the remaining capacity display means 60 and the amplification means 10 described later. , 20 and the H level output signal of the output port 56b of the microcomputer 50 is applied to the gate of the FET 33 via the diode 36 constituting the OR circuit, so that the FETs 33 and 32 are maintained in the ON state. For this reason, even if the battery set 1 continues to discharge and the battery voltage of the battery set 1 falls below the first predetermined value and the reset IC 34 generates an L level output, the FETs 33 and 32 are turned off, as will be described later. The microcomputer 50, the amplification means 10 and 20, the remaining capacity display means 60, etc. continue to operate.
[0007]
40 is a battery voltage detection means comprising switching elements 41 and 42 and resistors 43a to 43e, and the switching elements 41 and 42 and resistors 43c to 43e are battery voltage detection cutoffs for cutting off the connection between the battery set 1 and the resistors 43a and 43b. It has a function as means, and connects or disconnects the battery set 1 and the resistors 43a and 43b according to the output signal of the microcomputer 50. When the switching element 41 is turned on, the battery voltage of the battery set 1 is divided by the resistors 43a and 43b.
[0008]
The microcomputer 50 inputs a signal from the amplifying means 10 and 20 through the A / D converter 55 at regular intervals using the timer 54, and the battery set 1 is in a state of charging, discharging, or neither charging nor discharging. Is checked, and the remaining amount of the battery set 1 is calculated by integrating the charge amount or the discharge amount of the battery set 1. Further, the microcomputer 50 determines that the current flowing through the current detection unit 2 is less than or equal to a predetermined value based on the outputs of the amplification units 10 and 20, and the battery voltage detected by the battery voltage detection unit 40 is a second predetermined value (<first When it is determined that the voltage has decreased to a predetermined value) or less, an L level output is generated in the diode 36 via the output port 56b, the switching elements 33 and 32 are turned off, and the battery voltage of the battery set 1 is amplified. Do not supply to etc. When the output of the output port 56b of the microcomputer 50 becomes L level, the battery voltage of the battery set 1 is already below the first predetermined value and the output of the reset IC 34 is L level. The three-terminal regulator 31 shuts off the constant voltage supply. This is because when a large load current flows, the battery voltage of the battery set 1 decreases. When this state is detected and the switching elements 32 and 33 are turned off, the battery set 1 is cut off even though the battery set 1 is not overdischarged. Because there is a risk of being. That is, only when the battery voltage of the battery set 1 when a large load current is not flowing falls below the second predetermined value or when the battery voltage when the load current is not flowing falls below the second predetermined value. The battery voltage of the set 1 is not supplied to the amplification means 10 and 20, the microcomputer 50, and the remaining capacity display means 60.
[0009]
The circuit configuration for cutting off the supply of the battery voltage of the battery set 1 is not limited to the above, and it is possible without the output signal from the microcomputer 50, and the motor can be adjusted by adjusting the capacity of the capacitor 38 in the previous stage of the reset IC 34. If a large load current such as a start-up current flows when a load such as a starting current flows, if a sudden drop in the output voltage cannot be detected in the input voltage of the reset IC 34, the output port 56b of the microcomputer 50 is connected via the diode 36. The output signal is not necessary.
[0010]
Further, the switching elements 32 and 33 and the resistors 37a to 37c connected to the switching elements 32 and 33 configured as the constant voltage source supply cutoff unit in the above embodiment are not limited to this. A built-in three-terminal regulator is also commercially available and may be used.
[0011]
In the above embodiment, when the current flowing through the current detection means 2 is less than or equal to a predetermined value, the battery voltage detection means 40 has lowered the battery voltage to a second predetermined value or less, and the reset IC 34 has a battery voltage less than or equal to the first predetermined value. The battery voltage of the battery set 1 is not supplied to the amplifying means 10, 20, etc. when it is detected that the voltage has dropped to the current value, but when the current flowing through the current detecting means 2 is below a predetermined value, the microcomputer 50 If the output of the level is generated, the battery voltage detecting means 40 can be omitted, and the configuration can be simplified.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the battery set is prevented from being overdischarged by the load of the remaining capacity display device itself, so that the life of the battery set can be extended.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional remaining capacity display device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 is a battery group, 2 is a current detection means, 10 and 20 are amplification means, 30 is a constant voltage means, 40 is a battery voltage detection means, 50 is a microcomputer as a control means, and 60 is a remaining capacity display means.

Claims (1)

充電可能な複数の素電池からなる電池組に流出入する電流の大きさと方向を示す出力を発生する電流検出手段と、電流検出手段の出力を増幅する増幅手段と、増幅手段の出力に基づいて電池組の残容量を演算する制御手段と、制御手段の出力に基づいて電池組の残容量を表示する残容量表示手段と、電池組の電池電圧を検出する電池電圧検出手段とを有し、前記増幅手段、制御手段、残容量表示手段の電源電圧を電池組の電池電圧とした電池組の残容量表示装置であって、
前記電池電圧検出手段が電池組の電池電圧が第２所定値以下に低下したことを検出すると共に電流検出手段が流れる電流が所定値以下に低下したことを検出した時に、電池組の電池電圧を増幅手段、制御手段、残容量表示手段に供給しないようにしたことを特徴とする電池組の残容量表示装置。Based on current detection means for generating an output indicating the magnitude and direction of current flowing into and out of a battery set comprising a plurality of rechargeable unit cells, amplification means for amplifying the output of the current detection means, and output from the amplification means Control means for calculating the remaining capacity of the battery set, remaining capacity display means for displaying the remaining capacity of the battery set based on the output of the control means, and battery voltage detection means for detecting the battery voltage of the battery set , said amplifying means, control means, a battery group remaining capacity display device with battery set in the battery voltage of the power supply voltage of the remaining capacity displaying means,
When the battery voltage detecting means detects that the battery voltage of the battery set has dropped to a second predetermined value or less and detects that the current flowing through the current detection means has dropped to a predetermined value or less, the battery voltage of the battery set is A battery pack remaining capacity display device characterized by not being supplied to amplifying means, control means, and remaining capacity display means .
JP30043799A 1999-10-22 1999-10-22 Battery assembly remaining capacity display device Expired - Fee Related JP4521526B2 (en)

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