JP4512728B2 - Compressed air powered dental vacuum handpiece - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a compressed air-driven dental handpiece, and more particularly to a dental vacuum handpiece for use in cleaning a tooth root canal and suctioning a cleaning solution.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In root canal treatment, the inside of the root canal is washed by injecting the washing solution into the root canal, and the used washing solution is removed from the root canal by vacuum suction.
Japanese Examined Patent Publication Nos. 61-50456 and 3-30369 disclose a compressed air-driven dental vacuum handpiece used for cleaning a root canal and sucking a cleaning liquid.
In this vacuum handpiece, a compressed air-driven ejector pump having a compressed air injection nozzle, a diffuser port, and a negative pressure port is incorporated in the center of the handpiece main body. Negative pressure is generated at the port. The negative pressure port of the ejector pump is connected to a suction pipe attached to the tip of the main body. A water circuit that supplies cleaning water to the outer periphery of the suction pipe is also provided inside the main body.
[0003]
In use, the vacuum handpiece is connected to an existing dental hose (formed with a compressed air passage and a water passage) extending from the dental unit interchangeably with a turbine handpiece for tooth grinding. And can receive a supply of compressed air and wash water from the dental unit. The wash water is supplied to the root canal along the circumference of the suction pipe, and the used wash water that has washed the root canal is sucked from the suction pipe by the action of the negative pressure generated by the ejector pump.
[0004]
Since the washing liquid sucked from the root canal contains pus and necrotic tissue, it is preferable to dispose of it appropriately.
Therefore, in this vacuum handpiece, the cleaning liquid sucked from the inside of the root canal is sent to the spitn of the dental unit through the return hose together with the used compressed air, and discharged to the inside of the spitn.
For this reason, a dedicated return hose is provided between the vacuum handpiece and Spitton, and the front end of this return hose is connected to the exhaust port (diffuser port) of the ejector pump built in the handpiece. The end is fixed inside the spiton using a suction cup.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Thus, the vacuum handpiece of the prior art is only connected to a dental hose (which is arranged between the vacuum handpiece and the dental unit) for supplying compressed air and pressure water. Rather, a dedicated return hose (which is disposed between the vacuum handpiece and the spitton) is connected, so a total of two hoses are connected to the vacuum handpiece, so Handling is difficult and the operability of the handpiece deteriorates.
[0006]
In order to connect the diffuser port of the ejector pump to the return hose, as shown in FIG. 1 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-50456, the diffuser port should be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the handpiece. It must be directed downward or, as shown in FIG. 2 of the same publication, the injection nozzle must once be directed downward and refracted L-shaped backward.
With such a structure, the size of the ejector pump when viewed in the transverse direction (the radial direction of the handpiece) with respect to the handpiece axis is increased, making it difficult to grip the handpiece by hand.
In addition, when the ejector pump is increased in size as described above, the ejector pump must be disposed at the center position in the longitudinal direction of the handpiece, which also hinders operation.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a dental vacuum handpiece excellent in operability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a dental vacuum handpiece that does not require a dedicated return hose of the prior art and can be used by connecting only a normal dental hose.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a dental vacuum handpiece having an ejector pump that is simple in structure, has a small number of parts, is easy to manufacture, and can be manufactured at low cost.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional dental vacuum handpiece that can achieve the above-mentioned object.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Today, during dental procedures, an intra-oral vacuum tube is inserted into the patient's mouth to remove saliva, used turbine cooling water, and three-way syringe used cleaning water from the patient's mouth. It is common.
Therefore, the present invention focuses on the intraoral vacuum tube that is normally used for dental treatment, and eliminates the conventional return hose by constructing the vacuum handpiece in a structure that enables effective use of the intraoral vacuum. The idea is to simplify the vacuum handpiece.
[0009]
Therefore, the present invention incorporates an ejector pump having a compressed air injection nozzle, a diffuser port, and a negative pressure port into a handpiece body, and is connected to the negative pressure port by a negative pressure generated in response to the injection of compressed air. In the dental vacuum handpiece that is designed to suck liquid from, the ejector pump is built into the head of the handpiece body, and the diffuser port of the ejector pump is opened directly from the head of the body toward the outside. It is a feature.
[0010]
In using the vacuum handpiece of the present invention, an intra-oral vacuum tube is inserted into the patient's oral cavity in advance, and the suction port is positioned on the side of the tooth to be treated with the root canal.
The vacuum handpiece of the present invention is operated after the intraoral vacuum is activated to start intraoral suction.
[0011]
In the vacuum handpiece of the present invention, the ejector pump is incorporated in the head of the handpiece main body, and the diffuser port is opened directly from the main body head toward the outside, so that the cleaning liquid sucked from the inside of the root canal Is once discharged from the main body head into the oral cavity together with the used compressed air.
The cleaning liquid and the used compressed air once discharged into the oral cavity in this manner are immediately sucked by the intraoral vacuum tube and sent to the dental unit.
In this way, the cleaning liquid sucked from the inside of the root canal is once discharged into the oral cavity, and the cleaning liquid or the like is sucked and discharged from the oral cavity using the oral cavity normally used for dental treatment. The return hose can be omitted and the vacuum handpiece can be simplified.
[0012]
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one or all of the injection nozzle, the diffuser port, and the negative pressure port of the ejector pump are formed by drilling in the head of the main body.
In this way, the structure of the ejector pump is remarkably simplified, the number of parts is reduced, and the ejector pump can be easily manufactured at low cost.
In addition, since the ejector pump can be reduced in size, it can be incorporated into the head of the handpiece, and the handpiece can be made thinner accordingly, so that the practitioner can grasp and handle the handpiece. Remarkably easier.
[0013]
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ejector pump is mounted on the head of the main body so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the handpiece, so that a diffuser port (exhaust port) can be provided as desired. It is possible to make it point in the direction. Preferably, a mark indicating the orientation of the diffuser port is attached to the head of the handpiece body.
According to this embodiment, the diffuser port of the ejector pump is directed toward the intraoral vacuum, and the used cleaning liquid and the compressed air can be effectively excluded from the intraoral area.
Even if the position of the exhaust port of the ejector pump with respect to the intraoral vacuum is not appropriate, it can be brought to the optimal position by simply turning the ejector pump without changing the position of the intraoral vacuum. Dental treatment can be performed easily and quickly.
[0014]
A preferred embodiment further includes a water circuit for supplying cleaning water along the outer periphery of the suction pipe, and this water circuit is provided with a filter.
Other embodiments include vacuum tweezers that are connected to the ejector pump interchangeably with the suction tube.
[0015]
In another preferred embodiment, the handpiece body is composed of two front and rear halves, and the front half is detachably attached to the rear half. This front half can be configured to function as a three-way syringe or an excavator.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the vacuum handpiece of the present invention. Referring to these figures, the vacuum handpiece 10 includes an elongated handpiece body 12 that can be gripped by hand, and the handpiece body 12 is connected to each other by screwing, joining, or other suitable methods as shown in the figure. It can be comprised in the area of.
[0017]
In order to connect the vacuum handpiece 10 to a dental hose 14 extending from a dental unit (not shown), a plug portion 16 of a conventional ball lock type quick joint is formed at the rear end of the handpiece body 12. The socket portion 18 attached to the tip of the dental hose 14 is detachably fitted by a one-touch operation.
The dental hose 14 is of a conventional type, and although not shown, a compressed air passage and a water passage are formed therein as is well known.
[0018]
The rear end of the handpiece body 12 is adapted to fit a hose joint male member 19 provided at the tip of the dental hose 14.
When the handpiece body 12 and the dental hose 14 are connected, the compressed air passage in the dental hose 14 is connected to the compressed air passage 20 formed in the handpiece body 12, and the water passage in the dental hose 14 is connected. Is connected to a water passage 22 formed in the handpiece body 12.
In the illustrated embodiment, the compressed air passage 20 in the handpiece body 12 is provided with a flow control valve mechanism 24 described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-16497, and the compressed air passage 20 is rotated by turning the operation ring 26. The flow rate of the compressed air sent to is adjusted.
[0019]
A compressed air driven ejector pump 30 is incorporated in the head portion 28 of the handpiece body 12.
In the illustrated embodiment, the ejector pump 30 has a compressed air injection passage 32 that extends in the longitudinal direction of the main body and has a small diameter and acts as an injection nozzle, and a diameter that is formed on the extension line of the injection passage 32 and opens forward. An exhaust passage 34 that acts as a larger diffuser port and a suction passage (negative pressure port) 36 that is orthogonal to the exhaust passage 34 are formed. From the injection passage (injection nozzle) 32 toward the exhaust passage (diffuser port) 34. When the compressed air is injected, a negative pressure is generated in the suction passage (negative pressure port) 36.
[0020]
The injection passage (injection nozzle) 32, the exhaust passage (diffuser port) 34, and the suction passage (negative pressure port) 36 can be easily and inexpensively formed by drilling the main body head 28 with a drill.
Further, since the ejector pump 30 is realized only by drilling the main body head 28, the structure is very simple and no extra parts are required.
[0021]
The compressed air is supplied to the injection passage 32 of the ejector pump 30 through the compressed air passage 20, the central cavity 38, and the compressed air passages 40 and 42 formed in the handpiece body 12.
[0022]
As can be clearly understood from FIG. 3, a suction pipe holder 46 is fixed to the head portion 28 of the handpiece body 12 by using a nut 44 screwed therein. A disposable tapered suction tube 48 formed of a relatively flexible transparent resin material or the like is detachably attached to the suction tube holder 46.
The suction pipe holder 46 is formed with an axial passage 50 communicating with the suction passage 36 of the ejector pump 30, so that the negative pressure generated in the suction passage 36 is transmitted to the suction pipe 48.
[0023]
A water supply pipe 52 connected to the water passage 22 is disposed inside the handpiece body 12, and the water supply pipe 52 communicates with an annular groove 54 formed in the head portion 28.
Although not shown, a slight radial clearance or an axial groove is formed between the nut 44 and the suction tube holder 46. The dental hose 14, the water passage 22, The cleaning water supplied to the annular groove 54 via the water supply pipe 52 is supplied to the upper part of the suction pipe 48 through these radial clearances or axial grooves, and drops along the outer periphery of the suction pipe 48. It has become.
[0024]
A check valve 56 is incorporated in the central section of the handpiece body 12. The reverse flow valve 56 includes a valve housing 64 having a compressed air inlet 58, a transverse valve chamber 60, and a compressed air outlet 62, a spool valve body 66 slidably fitted in the valve chamber 60, and a push button. 68. The water supply pipe 52 is bypassed to the side so as not to interfere with the valve housing 64.
An annular groove 70 is formed on the outer periphery of the spool valve body 66. In the annular groove 70 of the spool valve body 66, the compressed air outlet 62 is blocked from the compressed air inlet 58 when the spool valve body 66 is not operated, and the compressed air inlet 58 communicates with the compressed air outlet 62 when the push button 68 is pushed down. Designed to be
[0025]
The compressed air outlet 62 of the check valve 56 is connected to a compressed air supply passage 74 formed in the head portion 28 by a compressed air pipe 72 extending inside the handpiece body 12. As can be clearly understood from FIG. 3, the compressed air supply passage 74 opens in the middle of the suction passage 36 of the ejector pump 30.
[0026]
In use, the vacuum handpiece 10 is connected to a dental hose 14 from a dental unit. The supply of compressed air and cleaning water is controlled by a foot switch (not shown) attached to the dental unit.
In performing the root canal treatment, a suction port of an intraoral vacuum (not shown) is positioned in advance to the side of the tooth to be treated in the patient's oral cavity, and vacuum suction is started.
When the supply of the cleaning water to the vacuum handpiece 10 is started by operating the foot switch, the cleaning water is supplied to the water passage 22, the water supply pipe 52, the annular groove 54, and the clearance between the nut 44 and the suction pipe holder 46. It is supplied to the upper part of the suction pipe 48 via the axial groove, and drops from there along the outer periphery of the suction pipe 48. Therefore, the root canal can be washed by inserting the tip of the suction tube 48 into the root canal of the tooth.
[0027]
When the supply of compressed air is started by operating the foot switch, the compressed air is sent to the injection passage 32 of the ejector pump 30 through the compressed air passage 20, the central cavity 38, the compressed air passages 40 and 42, and exhausted from the injection passage 32. It is injected toward the passage 34. As a result, a negative pressure is generated in the suction passage 36, and used washing water in the root canal is sucked through the suction pipe 48.
The suctioned washing water is discharged forward from the exhaust passage 34 together with the used compressed air, and is sucked by the intraoral vacuum disposed therein and sent to the dental unit.
[0028]
During the use of the vacuum handpiece 10, the suction pipe 48 and the axial passage 50 of the suction pipe holder 46 may be clogged by sucking a tooth cutting piece or the like. In that case, when the check button 68 of the check valve 56 is pushed down to open the check valve 56, the compressed air in the central cavity 38 passes through the compressed air pipe 72 and the compressed air supply passage 74, and the suction passage 36 of the ejector pump 30. It is injected on the way. A part of the compressed air injected into the suction passage 36 goes to the exhaust passage 34, but the remaining compressed air flows back through the axial passage 50 and the suction pipe 48 of the suction pipe holder 46 to blow off the clogging. Thereby, the suction pipe 48 and the axial passage 50 are cleaned.
[0029]
4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the vacuum handpiece of the present invention. In these drawings, components common to those of the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
Only the difference will be described. The handpiece body 12 includes a rear half body 12A and a front half body 12B that are detachably connected by a ball lock type quick joint 76, and the front half body 12B is separated from the rear half body 12A and heated by an autoclave. It can be sterilized.
[0030]
As can be clearly understood from FIG. 6, a cylindrical recess 80 coaxial with the axis 78 of the suction pipe 48 is formed in the head portion 28 of the handpiece main body 12, and the ejector pump 30 is substantially within the recess 80. A cylindrical main body 82 is mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis 78.
Sealing between the recess 80 and the ejector pump body 82 is performed by a pair of O-rings shown in the figure.
The ejector pump main body 82 is prevented from coming off by a retaining pin 86 that engages with an annular groove 84 formed on the outer periphery of the main body 82.
[0031]
In this embodiment, the ejection passage (injection nozzle) 32, the exhaust passage (diffuser port) 34, and the suction passage (negative pressure port) 36 of the ejector pump 30 are formed by drilling the ejector pump main body 82. .
The injection passage 32 is formed in a zigzag manner by drilling, for example, three holes. Although not shown, the upper end of the intermediate through hole is appropriately closed by a blind plug. The injection passage 32 communicates with the compressed air passage 42 via an annular groove 84 on the outer periphery of the main body 82.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 6B, an arrow mark 88 indicating the direction of the exhaust passage (diffuser port) 34 is attached to the upper surface of the ejector pump main body 82, and the exhaust passage 34 is sucked by the suction device in the oral cavity. The practitioner can easily turn the ejector pump 30 so as to face the mouth.
[0033]
Referring to FIG. 5, a filter 90 is arranged in the middle of the water supply passage 52, and the bacteria is prevented from flowing out by filtering the clean water supplied from the dental unit.
[0034]
The mode of operation and use of the vacuum handpiece of the second embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment. To explain the difference, in the second embodiment, the ejector pump 30 can be turned about the axis 78 and the exhaust passage 34 of the ejector pump 30 can be directed to the suction port of the intraoral vacuum. There is an advantage that the wash water and used compressed air released from the can can be effectively removed from the oral cavity.
[0035]
FIG. 7 shows a variation of the vacuum handpiece of the present invention. In this variation, a vacuum tweezer 92 is connected to the suction passage 36 of the ejector pump 30 in place of the suction pipe 48 so as to adsorb a small object such as an inlay that has fallen into the oral cavity.
[0036]
FIGS. 8 and 9 show replacement parts that can be attached to the rear half 12A in a manner compatible with the front half 12B of the handpiece body 12 of the vacuum handpiece according to the second embodiment.
In the example shown in FIG. 8, the replacement part 12C is provided with a water injection passage 94 and a compressed air injection passage 96, and is configured to function as a three-way syringe.
In the example shown in FIG. 9, an excavator 102 having a spatula 98 and a suction passage 100 is attached to the tip of the replacement part 12D, and the tissue scraped off by the spatula 98 is removed by suction. Yes.
[0037]
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to them, and various modifications and changes can be made. For example, the three passages (ports) of the ejector pump can be formed not only by machining but also by metal casting or plastic molding. Moreover, as a root canal washing liquid, it can replace with the clean water from a dental unit, and can use a chemical | medical solution.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a dental vacuum handpiece according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the handpiece shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the head of the handpiece shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a dental vacuum handpiece according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the handpiece shown in FIG.
6A is an enlarged sectional view of the head of the handpiece shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 6B is a plan view of the head of the handpiece shown in FIG. 6A as viewed from above. FIG.
7 is a partially cutaway side view showing a variation of the handpiece shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG.
8 is a cross-sectional view of a replacement part of the handpiece shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG.
9 is a cross-sectional view of another replacement part of the handpiece shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
10: Dental vacuum handpiece 12: Handpiece main body 12A: Main body rear body 12B: Main body front half 12C: Three-way syringe 28: Handpiece main body head 30: Ejector pump 32: Compressed air injection passage (injection) nozzle)
34: Exhaust passage (diffuser port)
36: Suction passage (negative pressure port)
90: Filter 92: Vacuum tweezers 102: Excavator

Claims (9)

An ejector pump having a compressed air injection nozzle, a diffuser port, and a negative pressure port is incorporated in the handpiece body, and liquid is sucked from a suction pipe connected to the negative pressure port by negative pressure generated in response to injection of compressed air. In the compressed air driven dental vacuum handpiece
The ejector pump is built into the head of the handpiece body that is inserted into the patient's oral cavity when the handpiece is used , and the ejector pump diffuser port discharges the used cleaning fluid sucked into the patient's oral cavity when the handpiece is used. A dental vacuum handpiece characterized in that the dental vacuum handpiece is opened directly from the main body head toward the outside.   The dental vacuum handpiece according to claim 1, wherein one or all of the injection nozzle, the diffuser port and the negative pressure port of the ejector pump are formed by perforating the head of the main body by machining.   The ejector pump is mounted on the head of the main body so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the handpiece, so that the diffuser port can be directed in a desired direction. Dental vacuum handpiece according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that   4. The dental vacuum handpiece according to claim 3, wherein a mark representing the orientation of the diffuser port is attached to the head of the main body.   The dental vacuum handpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a water circuit for supplying cleaning water to an outer periphery of the suction pipe, wherein the water circuit is provided with a filter.   A dental vacuum handpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising vacuum tweezers connected to the negative pressure port of the ejector pump interchangeably with the suction pipe.   The dental vacuum handpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the handpiece body includes two front and rear halves, and the front half is detachably attached to the latter half.   8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising a second front half that is replaceably attached to the second half of the handpiece body, wherein the second front half is configured to function as a three-way syringe. Dental vacuum handpiece. 8. A dental system according to claim 7, further comprising a second front half that is replaceably attached to the second half of the handpiece body, the second front half being configured to function as an excavator. For vacuum handpiece.

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