JP4509837B2 - Early earthquake specifications estimation method and system - Google Patents

Early earthquake specifications estimation method and system Download PDF

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JP4509837B2
JP4509837B2 JP2005093906A JP2005093906A JP4509837B2 JP 4509837 B2 JP4509837 B2 JP 4509837B2 JP 2005093906 A JP2005093906 A JP 2005093906A JP 2005093906 A JP2005093906 A JP 2005093906A JP 4509837 B2 JP4509837 B2 JP 4509837B2
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洋光 中村
直泰 岩田
新二 佐藤
俊一 小高
公稔 芦谷
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Description

本発明は、早期地震諸元推定方法に係り、特に、Ｐ波到達から１秒間のデータを用いて地震諸元（震央距離とマグニチュード）を推定する早期地震諸元推定方法及びそのシステムに関するものである。   The present invention relates to an early earthquake specification estimation method, and more particularly to an early earthquake specification estimation method and system for estimating an earthquake specification (epicenter distance and magnitude) using data for 1 second from arrival of a P wave. is there.

震央距離やマグニチュードを推定するために、本願発明者らは、既に、地震波の初動部分の波形形状をパラメータが数個の簡易な関数でフィッティングしてその波形形状を定量化し、得られたパラメータから震央距離とマグニチュードを推定することができる、震央距離及びマグニチュード推定方法を提案している（下記特許文献１，２参照）。
特開２００２−２７７５５７号公報 特開２００５−０１００４１号公報 In order to estimate the epicenter distance and magnitude, the inventors of the present application have already fitted the waveform shape of the initial motion part of the seismic wave with a few simple functions to quantify the waveform shape, and from the obtained parameters can be estimated epicentral distance and magnitude proposes epicentral distance and Magunichu de estimation method (see below Patent documents 1 and 2).
JP 2002-277557 A JP 2005-010041 A

上記した地震諸元推定方法である関数フィッティング法を用いて、本願発明者らは、Ｐ波到達から２秒間のデータを使って地震諸元を推定することを提案していたが、直下型の地震などにおいては、さらなる早期の地震諸元推定方法が要望されるに至っている。
本発明は、上記状況に鑑みて、Ｐ波到達から１秒間のデータを用いて、さらに早く地震諸元の推定を的確に行うことができる早期地震諸元推定方法及びそのシステムを提供することを目的とする。 Using the function fitting method, which is the above-mentioned earthquake specification estimation method, the inventors of this application have proposed to estimate the earthquake specification using data for 2 seconds from the arrival of the P wave. In earthquakes and the like, an early method for estimating earthquake specifications has been demanded.
In view of the above situation, the present invention provides an early earthquake specification estimation method and system capable of accurately estimating an earthquake specification more quickly using data for 1 second after arrival of a P wave. Objective.

本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、
〔１〕早期地震諸元推定方法において、関数フィッティング法を用いて得られるＰ波初動振幅の時間変化の程度を表す係数Ｂの１秒間データ（１秒Ｂ）と、Ｐ波到達から１秒間の初期微動の最大振幅（１秒Ａmax ）から、震央距離をｌｏｇΔ＝αｌｏｇ（１秒Ｂ）＋βに基づいて、かつ、マグニチュードをＭ＝αｌｏｇ（１秒Ａmax ）＋βｌｏｇ（１秒Ｂ）＋γ＋ｋ（α、β、γは統計的に決める係数、ｋは０．５）に基づいて推定することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1] In the early earthquake specifications estimation method, the 1-second data (1 second B) of the coefficient B representing the degree of temporal change of the P-wave initial motion amplitude obtained by using the function fitting method, and the 1-second data from the arrival of the P-wave From the maximum amplitude of the initial tremor (1 second A max ), the epicenter distance is based on log Δ = α log (1 second B) + β, and the magnitude is M = α log (1 second A max ) + β log (1 second B) + γ + k ( α, β, and γ are statistically determined coefficients, and k is estimated based on 0.5 ).

〔２〕早期地震諸元推定システムにおいて、地震計と、この地震計からの情報により関数フィッティング法により１秒間のＰ波初動振幅の時間変化の程度を表す係数Ｂを演算する１秒間係数Ｂの演算部と、前記１秒間係数Ｂに基づいて震央距離を推定する震央距離の推定部と、Ｐ波到達から１秒の最大振幅（１秒Ａmax ）を求める最大振幅の演算部と、前記最大振幅と前記１秒間係数Ｂと定数ｋ＝０．５とに基づいてマグニチュードを推定するマグニチュード推定部とを具備することを特徴とする。 [ 2 ] In the early earthquake specifications estimation system, the coefficient B for 1 second for calculating the coefficient B representing the degree of time change of the P wave initial motion amplitude for 1 second by the function fitting method based on the information from the seismometer and the seismometer A calculation unit, an epicenter distance estimation unit that estimates the epicenter distance based on the one-second coefficient B, a maximum amplitude calculation unit that obtains a maximum amplitude (1 second A max ) from the arrival of the P wave, and the maximum And a magnitude estimating unit for estimating a magnitude based on the amplitude, the one-second coefficient B, and the constant k = 0.5 .

本発明によれば、Ｐ波到達から１秒間のデータを用いて、直下型の地震諸元を素早く的確に推定し、それに伴う事故の被害を最小限に抑えることができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to quickly and accurately estimate the specifications of a direct type earthquake using data for one second from the arrival of the P wave, and to minimize the damage caused by the accident.

本発明の早期地震諸元推定方法及びそのシステムは、関数フィッティング法を用いて得られるＰ波初動振幅の時間変化の程度を表す係数Ｂの１秒間データ（１秒Ｂ）と、Ｐ波到達から１秒間の初期微動の最大振幅（１秒Ａmax ）から、震央距離をｌｏｇΔ＝αｌｏｇ（１秒Ｂ）＋βに基づいて、かつ、マグニチュードをＭ＝αｌｏｇ（１秒Ａmax ）＋βｌｏｇ（１秒Ｂ）＋γ＋ｋ（α、β、γは統計的に決める係数、ｋは０．５）に基づいて推定する。よって、直下型の地震諸元を素早く的確に推定し、それに伴う事故の被害を最小限に抑える。 The early earthquake specification estimation method and system according to the present invention include 1 second data (1 second B) of coefficient B representing the degree of temporal change in P wave initial motion amplitude obtained using the function fitting method, and the arrival of the P wave. From the maximum amplitude (1 second A max ) of the initial tremor for 1 second, the epicenter distance is based on log Δ = α log (1 second B) + β, and the magnitude is M = α log (1 second A max ) + β log (1 second B) ) + Γ + k (α, β, γ are statistically determined coefficients, k is 0.5 ). Therefore, it will quickly and accurately estimate the specifications of the direct type earthquake and minimize the damage caused by the accident.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明の実施例を示す早期地震諸元推定システムを示す図である。
この図において、１は地震計、２は定数ｋの入力部、３は情報処理装置、４は関数フィッティング法による１秒間のＰ波初動振幅の時間変化の程度を示す１秒間係数Ｂ（１秒Ｂ）の演算部、５はその１秒間係数Ｂ（１秒Ｂ）に基づいた震央距離の推定部、６はＰ波到達から１秒間の最大振幅Ａmax （１秒Ａmax ）の検出部、７はそのＰ波到達から１秒間の最大振幅Ａmax （１秒Ａmax ）と１秒間係数Ｂ（１秒Ｂ）と定数ｋとに基づいたマグニチュードの推定部、８は震央距離とマグニチュードの推定値の送信部、９はその震央距離とマグニチュードの推定値が送信される通信回線である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an early earthquake specification estimating system showing an embodiment of the present invention.
In this figure, 1 is a seismometer, 2 is an input unit for a constant k, 3 is an information processing device, 4 is a 1-second coefficient B (1 second) indicating the degree of temporal change in P-wave initial motion amplitude for 1 second by the function fitting method. B) a calculation unit, 5 is an epicenter distance estimation unit based on the 1-second coefficient B (1 second B), 6 is a detection unit of the maximum amplitude A max (1 second A max ) for 1 second from the arrival of the P wave, 7 is a magnitude estimation unit based on the maximum amplitude A max (1 second A max ), 1 second coefficient B (1 second B) and a constant k from the arrival of the P wave, and 8 is an epicenter distance and magnitude estimation. A value transmission unit 9 is a communication line through which the epicenter distance and the estimated value of the magnitude are transmitted.

この早期地震諸元推定システムでは、まず、１秒間係数Ｂ（１秒Ｂ）の演算部４において、地震計１から得られる地震情報に基づいて、関数フィッティング法（上記特許文献１参照）を用いて、１秒間のＰ波初動振幅の時間変化の程度を示す１秒間係数Ｂ（１秒Ｂ）を演算する。次に、その求められた１秒間係数Ｂ（１秒Ｂ）に基づいて震央距離の推定部５で震央距離の推定を行う。一方、１秒間の最大振幅Ａmax （１秒Ａmax ）の検出部６で、Ｐ波到達から１秒間の最大振幅Ａmax （１秒Ａmax ）を求め、前記１秒間係数Ｂ（１秒Ｂ）と、定数ｋの入力部２から入力される定数ｋとに基づいてマグニチュードの推定部７でマグニチュードを推定する。そのようにして得られた震央距離の推定値とマグニチュードの推定値とは送信部８から通信回線９を介して地震情報センター（図示なし）へリアルタイムに送信される。 In this early earthquake specification estimation system, first, the function fitting method (see Patent Document 1 above) is used based on the earthquake information obtained from the seismometer 1 in the calculation unit 4 of the coefficient B (1 second B) for 1 second. Then, a 1-second coefficient B (1 second B) indicating the degree of time change of the P wave initial motion amplitude for 1 second is calculated. Next, the epicenter distance is estimated by the epicenter distance estimation unit 5 based on the obtained one-second coefficient B (1 second B). On the other hand, by the detection unit 6 of the maximum amplitude A max 1 second (1 sec A max), determine the maximum amplitude A max of one second from the P-wave arrival (second A max), said one second coefficient B (1 sec B ) And the constant k input from the constant k input unit 2, the magnitude estimation unit 7 estimates the magnitude. The estimated epicenter distance and magnitude estimated value thus obtained are transmitted from the transmitter 8 to the earthquake information center (not shown) via the communication line 9 in real time.

具体的な震央距離とマグニチュードの推定方法について説明する。
（１）震央距離の推定
関数フィッティング法に基づき、Ｐ波到達から１秒間のデータを下記式（１）に適用し、震央距離を推定する。
ｌｏｇΔ＝αｌｏｇ（１秒Ｂ）＋β …（１）
ここで、α、βは統計的に決める係数である。 A specific epicenter distance and magnitude estimation method will be described.
(1) Estimation of epicenter distance Based on the function fitting method, the data for one second from the arrival of the P wave is applied to the following formula (1) to estimate the epicenter distance.
log Δ = α log (1 second B) + β (1)
Here, α and β are coefficients determined statistically.

（２）マグニチュードの推定
関数フィッティング法に基づき、Ｐ波到達から１秒間のデータを使って求めた係数Ｂ（１秒Ｂ）と１秒間の地震動の最大振幅（１秒Ａmax ）から、マグニチュードを推定する。
Ｍ＝αｌｏｇ（１秒Ａmax ）＋βｌｏｇ（１秒Ｂ）＋γ …（２）
α、β、γは統計的に決める係数である。 (2) Magnitude estimation Based on the function fitting method, the magnitude is calculated from the coefficient B (1 second B) obtained using the data for 1 second from the arrival of the P wave and the maximum amplitude of ground motion (1 second A max ) for 1 second. presume.
M = α log (1 second A max ) + β log (1 second B) + γ (2)
α, β, and γ are statistically determined coefficients.

以下、震央距離とマグニチュードの推定について実際のデータを適用して説明する。
（１）震央距離の推定
従来の早期地震諸元推定方法（上記特許文献１，２）では、図２に概要を示すように、Ｐ波初動を下記式（３）にあてはめ、係数Ａ，Ｂを求め、Ｐ波初動の振幅の増加率に対応する係数Ｂと震央距離の関係から、震央距離を推定する。 In the following, the epicenter distance and magnitude estimation will be described by applying actual data.
(1) Estimation of epicenter distance In the conventional early earthquake specifications estimation method (the above-mentioned patent documents 1 and 2), as shown in FIG. 2, the P wave initial motion is applied to the following equation (3), and coefficients A and B And the epicenter distance is estimated from the relationship between the coefficient B corresponding to the increase rate of the amplitude of the P wave initial motion and the epicenter distance.

ｙ（ｔ）＝Ｂｔ×ｅｘｐ（−Ａｔ） …（３）
ただし、ｔはＰ波到達時刻を０とする時間、係数Ａ，Ｂは関数をあてはめることによって得られるパラメータである。
ここでは、Ｐ波到達から１秒間と２秒間のデータを使って求めた係数Ｂ（それぞれ１秒Ｂ、２秒Ｂと呼ぶ）と実際の震央距離の関係の比較を行い、１秒間のデータによる推定の精度を検証する。 y (t) = Bt × exp (−At) (3)
However, t is a time when the arrival time of the P wave is 0, and coefficients A and B are parameters obtained by fitting a function.
Here, the relationship between the actual epicenter distance is compared with the coefficient B (referred to as 1 second B and 2 seconds B, respectively) obtained using the data for 1 second and 2 seconds from the arrival of the P wave. Verify the accuracy of the estimation.

解析の対象としたデータは、気象庁の９５型震度計で得られた強震記録のべ５８８観測点分である。地震のマグニチュード範囲は、Ｍ２．８〜Ｍ７．３である。
図３に１秒Ｂと２秒Ｂの震央距離との関係を示す。個々のデータについては、１秒Ｂ（△で示す）と２秒Ｂ（□で示す）に違いが見られるものの、全体の傾向としては、両者とも同様な震央距離と負の相関関係がある。なお、図３において、破線は下記式（４）を示している。 The data to be analyzed is a total of 588 observation points of strong motion records obtained with the Japan Meteorological Agency Type 95 seismometer. The magnitude range of the earthquake is M2.8 to M7.3.
FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the epicenter distance of 1 second B and 2 seconds B. Although there is a difference between 1 second B (indicated by Δ) and 2 seconds B (indicated by □) for individual data, the overall trend has a negative correlation with the epicenter distance. In FIG. 3, the broken line indicates the following formula (4).

次に、２秒Ｂから震央距離を推定するために作成した推定式を１秒Ｂに適用して推定した震央距離と実際の震央距離の差から、１秒Ｂでの推定精度を検証する。
２秒Ｂを用いた震央距離の推定式は次のように表せる。
ｌｏｇΔ＝−０．４９８・ｌｏｇ（２秒Ｂ）＋１．９６５ …（４）
ただし、Δは推定震央距離（ｋｍ）、２秒Ｂの単位はｇａｌ／ｓである。 Next, the estimation accuracy at 1 second B is verified from the difference between the epicenter distance estimated by applying the estimation formula created to estimate the epicenter distance from 2 seconds B to 1 second B and the actual epicenter distance.
The epicenter distance estimation formula using 2 seconds B can be expressed as follows.
log Δ = −0.498 · log (2 seconds B) +1.965 (4)
However, (DELTA) is an estimated epicenter distance (km) and the unit of 2 second B is gal / s.

そこで、上記式（４）の２秒Ｂの項に１秒Ｂの値を代入し、得られた推定震央距離の推定精度を図４に示す。対象とした５８８データのうちの約７５％が、実際の震央距離の倍半分の範囲 (図４横軸の−０．３〜０．３の範囲）内にあり、２秒Ｂでの震央距離の推定精度とほぼ同等であることが分かる。
（２）マグニチュードの推定
マグニチュードの推定は、Ｐ波検測から１秒間の上下動の最大変位振幅 (１秒Ａmax と呼ぶ）と１秒Ｂを用いて、下記の統計式を用いて行う。 Accordingly, FIG. 4 shows the estimated accuracy of the estimated epicenter distance obtained by substituting the value of 1 second B into the 2 second B term of the above equation (4). About 75% of the target 588 data is within the range of half the actual epicenter distance (range of -0.3 to 0.3 on the horizontal axis in Fig. 4), and the epicenter distance at 2 seconds B It can be seen that the estimation accuracy is almost the same.
(2) Magnitude estimation Magnitude is estimated using the following statistical formula using the maximum displacement amplitude (referred to as 1 second A max ) and 1 second B of vertical movement for 1 second from P-wave measurement.

Ｍ＝αｌｏｇ（１秒Ａmax ）＋βｌｏｇ（１秒Ｂ）＋γ …（５）
ただし、Ｍは推定マグニチュード、１秒Ａmax はＰ波検測から１秒間の最大上下動変位（ｃｍ）、α、β、γは統計的に求める係数である。
図５に、震央距離と１秒Ａmax の関係をマグニチュードごとに示す。ここで、■はＭ（マグニチュード）７、▲はＭ６、◇はＭ５、▽はＭ４、□はＭ３である。 M = α log (1 second A max ) + β log (1 second B) + γ (5)
Where M is the estimated magnitude, 1 second A max is the maximum vertical displacement (cm) for 1 second from the P-wave detection, and α, β, and γ are statistically obtained coefficients.
FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the epicenter distance and 1 second A max for each magnitude. Here, ■ is M (magnitude) 7, ▲ is M6, ◇ is M5, ▽ is M4, and □ is M3.

マグニチュードごとにみると、震央距離が大きくなるにつれて（すなわち１秒Ｂが小さくなるにつれて）、１秒Ａmax は、ある程度ばらつきを持って小さくなる傾向がある。加えて、２秒後以降のマグニチュード推定用の統計式を用いた震央距離とＡmax の関係〔下記式（６）〕を、図５に破線で示す。
Ｍ＝０．７３８７・ｌｏｇ（Ａmax ）−１．０２・ｌｏｇ（Ｂ）＋７．０７ …（６）
ただし、図５において、係数１秒Ｂと震央距離の関係は上記式（４）を用いて換算している。 Looking at each magnitude, as the epicenter distance increases (that is, as 1 second B decreases), 1 second A max tends to decrease with some variation. In addition, the relationship between the epicenter distance and A max (the following equation (6)) using the statistical formula for magnitude estimation after 2 seconds is shown by a broken line in FIG.
M = 0.7387 · log (A max ) −1.02 · log (B) +7.07 (6)
However, in FIG. 5, the relationship between the coefficient 1 second B and the epicenter distance is converted using the above equation (4).

ここで、地震諸元推定の対象とする地震を、「被害を及ぼす可能性のあるマグニチュードの下限値であるＭ５．５以上で、１秒Ｂ≧１ｇａｌ／ｓとすることで網羅できる震央距離３０ｋｍ以内の地震」とした場合の、上記式（６）を用いたマグニチュードの推定精度を図６に示す。上記の対象となるデータは５８８データ中２２データであり、そのすべてのデータにおいてマグニチュードが過小評価されている。   Here, the earthquake that is the target of the earthquake specification estimation is “Earthquake distance 30 km that can be covered by setting M ≧ 5.5, which is the lower limit of the magnitude that may cause damage, and 1 second B ≧ 1 gal / s” FIG. 6 shows the magnitude estimation accuracy using the above equation (6) in the case of “inside earthquake”. The above data is 22 of 588 data, and the magnitude is underestimated in all the data.

これは、もともと上記式（６）に示す推定式が、Ｐ波検測から３秒間の上下動の最大変位とマグニチュードの関係から作成されたものであるためであり、データ数を更に増やしたとしてもこの過小評価の傾向は変わらないと考える。
しかし、図５で示したように１秒Ａmax の距離減衰の傾きは、上記式（６）と同様であることから、より高精度な１秒Ａmax によるマグニチュードの推定式は、下記のように上記式（６）の推定式に定数を足し合わせることで作成できる。 This is because the estimation formula shown in the above formula (6) was originally created from the relationship between the maximum vertical displacement for 3 seconds and the magnitude from the P-wave detection, and the number of data was further increased. However, the trend of underestimation is not changed.
However, as shown in FIG. 5, since the slope of the distance attenuation at 1 second A max is the same as that in the above equation (6), the magnitude estimation equation for 1 second A max with higher accuracy is as follows. Can be created by adding a constant to the estimation formula of the above formula (6).

Ｍ＝０．７３８７・ｌｏｇ（Ａmax ）−１．０２・ｌｏｇ（Ｂ）＋７．０７＋ｋ（定数） …（７）
ここで、ｋは定数である。また、この定数は、図６の誤差の頻度分布からｋを０．５とすることで、１秒間のデータによるマグニチュードの推定精度が高まる。
なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨に基づいて種々の変形が可能であり、これらを本発明の範囲から排除するものではない。 M = 0.7387 · log (A max ) −1.02 · log (B) + 7.07 + k (constant) (7)
Here, k is a constant. In addition, with this constant, by setting k to 0.5 from the error frequency distribution in FIG. 6, the accuracy of estimating the magnitude based on the data for 1 second is increased.
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, A various deformation | transformation is possible based on the meaning of this invention, and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

本発明の早期地震諸元推定方法及びそのシステムは、直下型の地震にも対応可能な早期地震諸元推定方法として利用可能である。   The early earthquake specification estimation method and system of the present invention can be used as an early earthquake specification estimation method that can cope with a direct type earthquake.

本発明の実施例を示す早期地震諸元推定システムを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the early earthquake item estimation system which shows the Example of this invention. 関数フィッティング法の概要説明図である。It is an outline explanatory view of a function fitting method. 関数フィッティング法における係数Ｂ（１秒Ｂ，２秒Ｂ）と震央距離の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the coefficient B (1 second B, 2 second B) and epicenter distance in a function fitting method. １秒Ｂによる震央距離の推定精度を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the estimation accuracy of the epicenter distance by 1 second B. FIG. 震央距離と１秒Ａmax の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between epicenter distance and 1 second Amax . 推定式（６）によるマグニチュードの推定精度を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the magnitude | size estimation precision by an estimation formula (6).

１ 地震計
２ 定数ｋの入力部
３ 情報処理装置
４ １秒間係数Ｂの演算部
５ １秒間係数Ｂに基づいた震央距離の推定部
６ Ｐ波到達から１秒間の最大振幅Ａmax の検出部
７ 最大振幅Ａmax と１秒間係数Ｂと定数ｋとに基づいたマグニチュードの推定部
８ 震央距離とマグニチュードの推定値の送信部
９ 通信回線 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seismometer 2 Input part of constant k 3 Information processing device 4 Calculation part of coefficient B for 1 second 5 Estimation part of epicenter distance based on coefficient B for 1 second 6 Detection part of maximum amplitude A max for 1 second from arrival of P wave 7 Magnitude estimation unit based on maximum amplitude A max , 1-second coefficient B, and constant k 8 Epicenter distance and magnitude estimation value transmission unit 9 Communication line

Claims (2)

関数フィッティング法を用いて得られるＰ波初動振幅の時間変化の程度を表す係数Ｂの１秒間データ（１秒Ｂ）と、Ｐ波到達から１秒間の初期微動の最大振幅（１秒Ａmax ）から、震央距離をｌｏｇΔ＝αｌｏｇ（１秒Ｂ）＋βに基づいて、かつ、マグニチュードをＭ＝αｌｏｇ（１秒Ａmax ）＋βｌｏｇ（１秒Ｂ）＋γ＋ｋ（α、β、γは統計的に決める係数、ｋは０．５）に基づいて推定することを特徴とする早期地震諸元推定方法。 1 second data (1 second B) of coefficient B representing the degree of time change of the P wave initial motion amplitude obtained using the function fitting method, and the maximum amplitude (1 second A max ) of initial fine motion for 1 second from the arrival of the P wave. From the epicenter distance, log Δ = α log (1 second B) + β, and the magnitude M = α log (1 second A max ) + β log (1 second B) + γ + k (α, β, γ are coefficients that are statistically determined. , K is estimated based on 0.5 ). （ａ）地震計と、
（ｂ）該地震計からの情報により関数フィッティング法により１秒間のＰ波初動振幅の時間変化の程度を表す係数Ｂを演算する１秒間係数Ｂの演算部と、
（ｃ）前記１秒間係数Ｂに基づいて震央距離を推定する震央距離の推定部と、
（ｄ）Ｐ波到達から１秒の最大振幅（１秒Ａmax ）を求める最大振幅の演算部と、
（ｅ）前記最大振幅と前記１秒間係数Ｂと定数ｋ＝０．５とに基づいてマグニチュードを推定するマグニチュード推定部とを具備することを特徴とする早期地震諸元推定システム。 (A) a seismometer;
(B) a calculation unit for a coefficient B for 1 second for calculating a coefficient B representing the degree of temporal change of the P wave initial motion amplitude for 1 second by the function fitting method based on information from the seismometer;
(C) an epicenter distance estimation unit for estimating an epicenter distance based on the one-second coefficient B;
(D) a maximum amplitude calculation unit for obtaining a maximum amplitude (1 second A max ) for 1 second from arrival of the P wave;
(E) Earthquake Early specification estimation system, characterized by comprising a magnitude estimator that estimates the magnitude based on the said maximum amplitude and said number engaging one second B and a constant k = 0.5.
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