JP4502314B2 - Water glass-based soil stabilization chemical and ground stabilization method using the same - Google Patents
Water glass-based soil stabilization chemical and ground stabilization method using the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP4502314B2 JP4502314B2 JP2004015689A JP2004015689A JP4502314B2 JP 4502314 B2 JP4502314 B2 JP 4502314B2 JP 2004015689 A JP2004015689 A JP 2004015689A JP 2004015689 A JP2004015689 A JP 2004015689A JP 4502314 B2 JP4502314 B2 JP 4502314B2
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 66
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 59
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 59
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 18
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical group [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 40
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- -1 alumina sol Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006063 cullet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008155 medical solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052956 cinnabar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Description
本発明は、地盤改良のための水ガラス系土質安定用薬液及びこれを用いた地盤安定化工法に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water glass-based soil stabilization chemical for ground improvement and a ground stabilization method using the same.
従来、軟弱地盤を強化したり、漏水地盤を止水したりするために、種々の薬液を地盤内に注入し、地盤内でゲル化させる地盤安定化工法が知られているが、特に、水ガラスとゲル化剤成分とを組み合わせた薬液からなる、いわゆる水ガラス系土質安定用薬液は、安価である、他の土質安定用薬液と比較して公害を起こすおそれが小さいなどの特徴から、現在広く実用化されている。 Conventionally, in order to strengthen the soft ground or to stop the leaked ground, there are known ground stabilization methods in which various chemicals are injected into the ground and gelled in the ground. The so-called water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution, which consists of a chemical solution that combines glass and gelling agent components, is cheaper and has a low risk of causing pollution compared to other soil stabilization chemical solutions. Widely used.
水ガラス系土質安定用薬液のゲル化剤としては従来種々の物質が提案されているが、危険性がなく、地盤安定化の施工の際に施工機器への腐食の恐れが少ないこと等から、炭酸水素ナトリウム，炭酸水素カリウム，炭酸水素アンモニウムのような炭酸水素塩が広く用いられている。 Various substances have been conventionally proposed as gelling agents for water glass-based soil stabilization chemicals, but there is no danger and there is less risk of corrosion to construction equipment when performing ground stabilization, etc. Hydrogen carbonates such as sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, and ammonium hydrogen carbonate are widely used.
本出願人は、特許文献１で、Ｎａ２Ｏ１モルにつきＳｉＯ２を３．８〜４．２モルの割合で含む珪酸ソーダ水溶液（即ち水ガラス）を主剤とし、これに炭酸水素塩をゲル化剤として配合した薬液を地盤に注入し、地盤中でゲル化させる土質の安定化法を提案した。 In the patent document 1, the present applicant uses a sodium silicate aqueous solution (that is, water glass) containing 3.8 to 4.2 moles of SiO 2 per mole of Na 2 O as a main agent, and a hydrogen carbonate is gelled therein. We proposed a method for stabilizing soils by injecting a chemical solution blended as an agent into the ground and allowing it to gel in the ground.
この特許文献１に記載されている水ガラス系土質安定用薬液は、水ガラス濃度を高めることでゲル化体の強度を高くできること、薬液のゲルタイムの変動を少なくすることを目的としたものである。 The water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution described in Patent Document 1 is intended to increase the strength of the gelled body by increasing the water glass concentration and to reduce the variation in gel time of the chemical solution. .
しかし、この特許文献１で提案した水ガラス系土質安定用薬液により安定化処理した地盤の、経時における強度維持の効果（即ち、経時強度に関する耐久性）は未だ十分なものとは言えず、そのため最悪の場合には一度地盤安定化工法を施工した地盤に対し、ある一定時間経過後に再度地盤安定化工法を施工せねばならなくなる場合が生じるなど、作業上あるいは経済性において非効率となる場合があったため、経時強度に関する耐久性に関し更なる改良が望まれていた。 However, the effect of maintaining the strength over time (that is, the durability with respect to the strength over time) of the ground stabilized with the water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution proposed in Patent Document 1 is not yet sufficient. In the worst case, the ground stabilization method may be inefficient in terms of work or economy, such as the ground stabilization method may have to be re-executed after a certain period of time. For this reason, further improvement in durability with respect to strength over time has been desired.
一方、水ガラス系土質安定用薬液の耐久性を向上させたものとして、特許文献２では、従来の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液の主剤としての水ガラスに代わり、シリカアルミナゾルを主剤として用いる土質安定用薬液が開示されている。 On the other hand, as an improvement in the durability of a chemical solution for stabilizing water glass-based soil, Patent Document 2 discloses a soil stabilization method using silica alumina sol as a main agent instead of water glass as a main component of a conventional chemical solution for stabilizing water-glass-based soil. A medical solution is disclosed.
この土質安定用薬液は、ＪＩＳ Ｋ１４０８で規定されている１号珪酸ソーダ，２号珪酸ソーダ，３号珪酸ソーダ，４号珪酸ソーダ及び特殊珪酸ソーダ（ＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏモル比１．７〜４．０）などの水ガラスと、一般に市販されているアルミナゾル，ポリ塩化アルミニウム，硫酸アルミニウム，燐酸アルミニウム等のアルミニウム塩とを反応させて得られるシリカアルミナゾルを主剤に用いることで、従来の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液よりもシネレシス現象（ゲル化体から水が分離しゲル化体の体積が減少してしまう現象）を小さくし「従来の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液のゲル化体はシネレシス現象により体積が収縮するため耐久性に欠ける。」という問題点を解決することを目的の一つとしたものである。 This chemical solution for soil stabilization is composed of No. 1 sodium silicate, No. 2 sodium silicate, No. 3 sodium silicate, No. 4 sodium silicate and special sodium silicate (SiO 2 / Na 2 O molar ratio of 1.7 to JIS K1408). 4.0) and a silica alumina sol obtained by reacting a commercially available alumina salt such as alumina sol, polyaluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, and aluminum phosphate as a main agent, thereby forming a conventional water glass. The syneresis phenomenon (a phenomenon in which water separates from the gelled body and the volume of the gelled body decreases) is reduced compared to the conventional soil-stabilized chemical solution. One of the objects is to solve the problem of “due to the shrinkage of the volume due to the shrinkage of the volume”.
しかし、この特許文献２で提案されている土質安定用薬液は、耐久性としてはシネレシス現象を減少させる手段が開示されているだけであり、経時強度に関する耐久性を高める手段については一切言及されていない。
本発明の目的は、特許文献１で提案した水ガラス系土質安定用薬液を改良し、水ガラス系土質安定用薬液により安定化処理した地盤の強度が経時で維持できる、即ち、経時強度に関する耐久性に優れた水ガラス系土質安定用薬液を提供することにある。 The object of the present invention is to improve the water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution proposed in Patent Document 1 and maintain the strength of the ground stabilized by the water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution over time, that is, durability related to the strength over time. An object of the present invention is to provide a water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution having excellent properties.
本発明の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液および地盤安定化工法を見出すに当たっての、目的とする経時強度に関する耐久性の性能基準を下記の通りとし、この性能基準を満たしたときに、本発明の目的が達成されたとした。 In finding the water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution and the ground stabilization method of the present invention, the durability performance standard regarding the target strength over time is as follows, and when the performance standard is satisfied, the object of the present invention Was achieved.
・細密充填した豊浦硅砂に、水ガラスにゲル化剤成分を配合して得られた薬液を注入し作製した、径３ｃｍ×高さ６ｃｍの砂ゲルを、２０℃のイオン交換水１リットル中で養生し、材令３ヶ月時点の砂ゲルの一軸圧縮強度値が、材令１日時点での砂ゲルの一軸圧縮強度値を下回らないこと。 ・ A finely packed Toyoura cinnabar is injected with a chemical solution obtained by blending water gel with a gelling agent component. A sand gel with a diameter of 3 cm and a height of 6 cm is produced in 1 liter of ion-exchanged water at 20 ° C. Cured and the uniaxial compressive strength value of the sand gel at the age of 3 months should not be lower than the uniaxial compressive strength value of the sand gel as of the 1st day of the material age.
本発明者らは上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討した結果、アルミン酸ソーダを酸化物換算で特定の量比で含有し、かつＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏモル比を特定の範囲のモル比とした水ガラスに、ゲル化剤成分としての炭酸水素塩を水ガラス中のＮａ２Ｏに対し特定の範囲のモル比で用いることにより、意外にも前記の性能基準を満たすことを知り、本発明を完成した。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present invention contain sodium aluminate at a specific quantitative ratio in terms of oxide, and the SiO 2 / Na 2 O molar ratio is within a specific range. Knowing that the performance criteria are unexpectedly met by using hydrogen carbonate as a gelling agent component in water glass at a molar ratio in a specific range with respect to Na 2 O in water glass, the present invention completed.
即ち、本発明の第一の発明は「アルミン酸ソーダを酸化物（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）換算で０．２質量％以上１．０質量％以下の割合で含有し、かつＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏモル比が２．８以上３．４以下の水ガラスに、ゲル化剤成分として炭酸水素塩を水ガラス中のＮａ２Ｏに対し、炭酸水素塩／Ｎａ２Ｏモル比が０．５以上０．９以下の割合で配合してなることを特徴とする水ガラス系土質安定用薬液。」を要旨とする。 That is, the first invention of the present invention is “containing sodium aluminate at a ratio of 0.2% by mass or more and 1.0% by mass or less in terms of oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), and SiO 2 / Na 2 O In a water glass having a molar ratio of 2.8 to 3.4, a bicarbonate / Na 2 O molar ratio of 0.5 to 0 with respect to Na 2 O in the water glass is used as a gelling agent component. A water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution characterized by being blended at a ratio of .9 or less.
また、本発明の第二の発明は「土質安定用薬液を地盤に注入し、地盤内でゲル化させて地盤を安定化させるにあたり、土質安定用薬液として第一の発明の土質安定用薬液を用いることを特徴とする地盤安定化工法。」を要旨とする。 Further, the second invention of the present invention is “in order to stabilize the ground by injecting the soil stabilization chemical to the ground and gelling in the ground, the soil stabilization chemical of the first invention is used as the soil stabilization chemical. "Ground stabilization method characterized by using."
本発明の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液により、従来の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液では得られなかった効果、即ち、水ガラス系土質安定用薬液により安定化処理した地盤の強度が経時で維持でき、耐久性に優れるという効果を奏で、これにより安全・確実・効率的に地盤を安定化できるという特徴を有する。 With the water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution of the present invention, the effect that was not obtained with the conventional water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution, that is, the strength of the ground stabilized with the water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution can be maintained over time. It has the effect of being excellent in durability, and has the feature that the ground can be stabilized safely, surely and efficiently.
なお、本発明の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液におけるゲル化剤成分としての炭酸水素塩は炭酸水素ナトリウムおよび／または炭酸水素カリウムが好ましい。 In addition, as for the hydrogen carbonate as a gelatinizer component in the chemical | medical solution for the water glass-type soil stabilization of this invention, sodium hydrogencarbonate and / or potassium hydrogencarbonate are preferable.
さらに、本発明の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液におけるゲル化剤成分としての炭酸水素塩に、塩化マグネシウム，硫酸マグネシウムなどを配合することで、ゲル化体の強度を高く調整できる。 Furthermore, the intensity | strength of a gelled body can be highly adjusted by mix | blending magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, etc. with the hydrogen carbonate as a gelatinizer component in the chemical | medical solution for the water glass type | system | group soil stabilization of this invention.
本発明の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液の主剤としての水ガラスは、アルミニウム化合物としてアルミン酸ソーダを酸化物（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）換算で下限値０．２質量％以上、好ましくは下限値０．３質量％以上、一方、上限値１．０質量％以下、好ましくは上限値０．６質量％以下の割合で含有し、かつＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏモル比が下限値２．８以上、好ましくは下限値３．０以上、一方、上限値３．４以下、好ましくは上限値３．２以下の範囲のものを用いる。 The water glass as the main component of the chemical solution for stabilizing the water glass-based soil of the present invention has a lower limit of 0.2% by mass or more, preferably a lower limit of 0.8, in terms of oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), as the aluminum compound. 3% by mass or more, on the other hand, the upper limit value is 1.0% by mass or less, preferably the upper limit value is 0.6% by mass or less, and the SiO 2 / Na 2 O molar ratio is the lower limit value 2.8 or more, preferably The lower limit value is 3.0 or more, while the upper limit value is 3.4 or less, and preferably the upper limit value is 3.2 or less.
この様な組成の水ガラスの製造方法は特に限定されるものではないが、例えば「１３９０１の化学品、化学工業日報社発行、第２類ソーダ工業薬品、ケイ酸ソーダ」に記載された水ガラスの製法に準拠して製造することができ、具体的には下記の様な方法を例示することができる。 The method for producing water glass having such a composition is not particularly limited. For example, water glass described in “13901 Chemicals, Chemical Industry Daily, Type 2 Soda Industrial Chemicals, Sodium Silicate”. In accordance with the manufacturing method, specifically, the following method can be exemplified.
・出来上がりの水ガラスの組成が上記規定の範囲となるように、予めＳｉＯ２とＮａ２Ｏとアルミニウム化合物の含有量を調整したカレットをオートクレーブで溶解する方法。 A method in which cullet whose contents of SiO 2 , Na 2 O, and aluminum compound are adjusted in advance so as to make the composition of the finished water glass in the above-mentioned range is dissolved in an autoclave.
・ＪＩＳ Ｋ１４０８で規定されている水ガラス製造用カレットと、アルミニウム化合物（例えば、アルミン酸ソーダなど）を、出来上がりの水ガラスの組成が上記規定範囲となる様にオートクレーブに仕込み溶解する方法。 A method in which a cullet for water glass production defined in JIS K1408 and an aluminum compound (for example, sodium aluminate) are charged into an autoclave and dissolved so that the composition of the finished water glass is within the specified range.
この中、後者の方法はＪＩＳ Ｋ１４０８で規定されている水ガラス製造する為のカレットを転用できるので効率的である。 Among these, the latter method is efficient because the cullet for producing water glass specified in JIS K1408 can be diverted.
水ガラス中のアルミニウム化合物の含有量が、本発明で規定する範囲の上限値より多い場合、および本発明で規定する下限値よりも少ない場合は、材令３ヶ月時点の砂ゲルの一軸圧縮強度値が、材令１日時点での砂ゲルの一軸圧縮強度値を下回り、本発明が目的とする性能が得られない。 When the content of the aluminum compound in the water glass is higher than the upper limit value of the range specified in the present invention and less than the lower limit value specified in the present invention, the uniaxial compressive strength of the sand gel at the age of 3 months The value falls below the uniaxial compressive strength value of the sand gel as of the first day of material age, and the target performance of the present invention cannot be obtained.
また、水ガラスのＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏモル比が、本発明で規定する範囲の上限値よりも大きい場合、および本発明で規定する下限値よりも小さい場合も、材令３ヶ月時点の砂ゲルの一軸圧縮強度値が、材令１日時点での砂ゲルの一軸圧縮強度値を下回り、本発明が目的とする性能が得られない。 Also, when the SiO 2 / Na 2 O molar ratio of water glass is larger than the upper limit value of the range defined in the present invention and smaller than the lower limit value defined in the present invention, sand at the age of 3 months The uniaxial compressive strength value of the gel is lower than the uniaxial compressive strength value of the sand gel as of the first day of the material age, and the target performance of the present invention cannot be obtained.
なお、上記した本発明で規定する組成範囲にある水ガラスは、施工時に土質安定化に適した濃度とするために適宜水で希釈することもできる。 In addition, the water glass which exists in the composition range prescribed | regulated by the above-mentioned this invention can also be diluted with water suitably in order to make it the density | concentration suitable for soil stabilization at the time of construction.
例えば、水ガラス水溶液（以下、Ａ液とも言う。）とゲル化剤水溶液（以下、Ｂ液とも言う。）とを等容量ずつ混合しながら地盤内に注入する通常の施工方法においては、通常Ａ液２００リットル中にＳｉＯ２が下限値２０ｋｇ以上、好ましくは下限値２５ｋｇ以上、一方、上限値４０ｋｇ以下、好ましくは上限値３５ｋｇ以下となるように調製したものを、Ａ液として使用する。 For example, in a normal construction method in which a water glass aqueous solution (hereinafter also referred to as “A liquid”) and a gelling agent aqueous solution (hereinafter also referred to as “B liquid”) are mixed in equal volumes and injected into the ground, a normal A SiO 2 is less than the lower limit 20kg in the liquid 200 liters, preferably at least the lower limit value 25 kg, whereas the upper limit 40kg or less, preferably those prepared to be equal to or less than the upper limit 35 kg, used as a solution.
Ａ液中のＳｉＯ２の濃度は高くするほど処理地盤の強度を大きくすることができる。一方、ＳｉＯ２の濃度が高くなりすぎると薬液の粘度が高くなり、ポンプによる圧送の際、機器負荷が増大したり、薬液の地盤内での浸透性が低下したりする傾向にある。 The strength of the treated ground can be increased as the concentration of SiO 2 in the liquid A is increased. On the other hand, when the concentration of SiO 2 becomes too high, the viscosity of the chemical liquid becomes high, and there is a tendency that the equipment load increases at the time of pumping by the pump and the permeability of the chemical liquid in the ground tends to decrease.
本発明の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液のゲル化剤成分としての炭酸水素塩の種類としては、炭酸水素ナトリウム，炭酸水素カリウム，炭酸水素アンモニウムなどが挙げられ、例えば工業薬品など、一般に市販されているものを用いることができる。 Examples of the type of hydrogen carbonate as the gelling agent component of the water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution of the present invention include sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, and ammonium hydrogen carbonate. Can be used.
また、これら炭酸水素塩は単独であっても、混合状態であってもよい。 These bicarbonates may be used alone or in a mixed state.
この中、ゲル化体強度の発現に優れること、入手し易いこと、貯蔵安定性に優れ取扱い性が容易であることなどから、本発明においては炭酸水素ナトリウムおよび／または炭酸水素カリウムが好ましい。 Of these, sodium hydrogen carbonate and / or potassium hydrogen carbonate are preferred in the present invention because they are excellent in the expression of gelled body strength, easily available, and excellent in storage stability and easy to handle.
本発明の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液のゲル化剤成分としての炭酸水素塩の配合量は、水ガラス中のＮａ２Ｏに対し、炭酸水素塩／Ｎａ２Ｏモル比が、下限値が０．５以上、上限値が０．９以下の範囲となるように配合する。 The blending amount of bicarbonate as the gelling agent component of the water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution of the present invention is such that the molar ratio of bicarbonate / Na 2 O is 0 with respect to Na 2 O in the water glass. It mix | blends so that it may become 0.5 or more and an upper limit is the range of 0.9 or less.
水ガラス中のＮａ２Ｏに対するゲル化剤成分としての炭酸水素塩の配合量が、本発明で規定する範囲の下限値０．５以上を外れ少ない場合、上限値の０．９以下を外れ多い場合とも、砂ゲルゲル化体の一軸圧縮強度は時間の経過と共に低下し、本発明が目的とする性能が得られない。 When the blending amount of the bicarbonate as a gelling agent component with respect to Na 2 O in the water glass is less than the lower limit value 0.5 or more of the range defined in the present invention, the upper limit value 0.9 or less is often exceeded. In either case, the uniaxial compressive strength of the sand gel gel body decreases with the passage of time, and the performance intended by the present invention cannot be obtained.
さらに、本発明の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液のゲル化剤成分としての炭酸水素塩には、塩化マグネシウム，硫酸マグネシウムの群からなる少なくとも１種を配合することもできる。 Furthermore, at least 1 sort (s) which consists of a group of a magnesium chloride and a magnesium sulfate can also be mix | blended with the hydrogen carbonate as a gelatinizer component of the chemical | medical solution for water glass type | system | group soil stabilization of this invention.
塩化マグネシウム，硫酸マグネシウムの群からなる少なくとも１種の配合量は、炭酸水素塩に対し、内割りで下限値１質量％以上、好ましくは下限値１０質量％以上、上限値２０質量％以下の範囲であり、この範囲内で配合することにより、ゲル化体の強度を高く調整できる。 The blending amount of at least one selected from the group consisting of magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate is the lower limit value of 1% by mass or more, preferably the lower limit value of 10% by mass or more, and the upper limit value of 20% by mass or less with respect to the bicarbonate. And by mix | blending within this range, the intensity | strength of a gelled body can be adjusted highly.
塩化マグネシウム，硫酸マグネシウムの群からなる少なくとも１種の配合量が、本発明で規定する下限値の１質量％を超えて少ない場合は、ゲル化体の強度を高める効果は得られない。一方上限値の２０質量％を超えて多い場合は、水ガラス水溶液（Ａ液）とゲル化剤水溶液（Ｂ液）の混合状況や薬液の温度などの付帯条件によっては、不測的にシャーベット状の不均一なゲルが生成してしまう場合があり好ましくない。 When the blending amount of at least one kind consisting of magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate exceeds 1% by mass of the lower limit defined in the present invention, the effect of increasing the strength of the gelled product cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 20% by mass of the upper limit, depending on incidental conditions such as the mixing condition of the water glass aqueous solution (A solution) and the gelling agent aqueous solution (B solution) and the temperature of the chemical solution, it is unexpectedly A non-uniform gel may be generated, which is not preferable.
なお、本発明の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液は、ゲル化剤成分としての炭酸水素塩の配合量を本発明で規定する範囲内で多く用いると薬液のゲルタイムを短く、一方炭酸水素塩の配合量を本発明で規定する範囲内で少なく用いると薬液のゲルタイムを長く調整できる。 The water glass-based soil stabilization chemical solution of the present invention shortens the gel time of the chemical solution when the amount of the hydrogen carbonate salt as the gelling agent component is used within the range specified in the present invention, while the hydrogen carbonate salt formulation. If the amount used is small within the range defined in the present invention, the gel time of the chemical solution can be adjusted to be long.
本発明の水ガラス系土質安定用薬液を地盤安定化工法に用いる場合、アルミニウム化合物を酸化物（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）換算で本発明で規定する範囲で含有し、かつＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏモル比が本発明で規定する範囲である水ガラスをさらに適宜水で希釈してＡ液を、また、ゲル化剤成分としての炭酸水素塩を水に溶解してＢ液を、それぞれ調製し、調製されたＡ液とＢ液とを、Ａ液とＢ液との混合液中のＮａ２Ｏに対するゲル化剤成分としての炭酸水素塩の、炭酸水素塩／Ｎａ２Ｏモル比が本発明で規定する量比となるように混合して得られた薬液を地盤内に注入してゲル化させて地盤を安定化させる方法を例示できる。 When the chemical solution for stabilizing the water glass-based soil of the present invention is used in the ground stabilization method, it contains an aluminum compound within the range specified by the present invention in terms of oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), and SiO 2 / Na 2 O mol. Water glass whose ratio is within the range specified in the present invention is further appropriately diluted with water to prepare solution A, and hydrogen carbonate as a gelling agent component is dissolved in water to prepare solution B. The hydrogen carbonate / Na 2 O molar ratio of the hydrogen carbonate as a gelling agent component to Na 2 O in the mixed liquid of the liquid A and the liquid B is defined in the present invention. A method of stabilizing the ground by injecting a chemical obtained by mixing so as to obtain a quantitative ratio into the ground and allowing it to gel can be exemplified.
この様に調製した薬液の注入に際しては、単管式、二重管式、多重管式などの各種注入管を用いることができ、また、Ａ液とＢ液とを予め混合して注入管へ導く方法、Ａ液とＢ液とを注入管の基部に設けた混合部、例えばＹ字管形状の混合部で混合・注入する方法、Ａ液とＢ液とをそれぞれ独立に注入管へ導いて注入管から地盤内に注入しながら地盤内において合流・混合させるなど、適宜の方法を施工性に応じて採用することができる。 When injecting the chemical solution thus prepared, various injection tubes such as a single tube type, a double tube type, and a multi-tube type can be used. In addition, the A solution and the B solution are mixed in advance into the injection tube. A method of introducing, a method of mixing and injecting A liquid and B liquid in a mixing part provided at the base of the injection pipe, for example, a Y-shaped mixing part, and A liquid and B liquid are each guided independently to the injection pipe An appropriate method, such as merging and mixing in the ground while injecting into the ground from the injection pipe, can be adopted according to workability.
以下に本発明を実施例を用いて更に説明するが、本発明は、これら実施例に限定されるものではない。 The present invention will be further described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
実施例および比較例
ＪＩＳ Ｋ１４０８で規定されている３号ケイ酸ソーダ（即ち、３号水ガラス）製造用カレットとアルミン酸ソーダ（工業薬品）とをオートクレーブ中で溶解し、アルミニウム化合物含有量やＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏモル比が種々異なる水ガラスを調製した。
Examples and Comparative Examples A cullet for manufacturing No. 3 sodium silicate (ie No. 3 water glass) and sodium aluminate (industrial chemicals) specified in JIS K1408 are dissolved in an autoclave, and the aluminum compound content and SiO Water glasses with different 2 / Na 2 O molar ratios were prepared.
この水ガラスに適宜水を加え調製した水ガラス水溶液に、ゲル化剤成分としての炭酸水素塩や塩化マグネシウムおよび硫酸マグネシウム（いずれも試薬１級）を所定量溶解して得られた薬液について性能を評価した。 Performance of a chemical solution obtained by dissolving a predetermined amount of hydrogen carbonate, magnesium chloride, and magnesium sulfate (both reagent grade 1) as a gelling agent component in a water glass aqueous solution prepared by appropriately adding water to this water glass evaluated.
薬液性能の各種評価項目と試験方法は下記の通りである。 Various evaluation items and test methods for chemical performance are as follows.
・砂ゲルの一軸圧縮強度：径３ｃｍの型枠内に細密充填した豊浦硅砂に薬液を注入し作製した、径３ｃｍ×高さ６ｃｍの砂ゲルを供試体とし、２０℃のイオン交換水１リットル中で所定期間養生後、一軸圧縮試験を行った。 ・ Uniaxial compressive strength of sand gel: 1 liter of ion-exchanged water at 20 ° C. using a sand gel of diameter 3 cm × height 6 cm prepared by injecting a chemical solution into Toyoura sand finely packed in a 3 cm diameter mold. A uniaxial compression test was performed after curing for a predetermined period.
・薬液のゲルタイム：液温２０℃において、薬液を容器内に静置し、薬液の流動性がなくなるまでの所要時間をゲルタイムとした。 -Gel time of chemical liquid: At a liquid temperature of 20 ° C, the chemical liquid was allowed to stand in the container, and the time required until the fluidity of the chemical liquid disappeared was defined as the gel time.
各評価における、水ガラスのアルミニウム化合物の酸化物（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）換算での含有量とＳｉＯ２／Ｎａ２Ｏモル比、薬液４００リットルあたりの組成としてのＳｉＯ２量およびゲル化剤成分の種類と量、ゲル化剤成分である炭酸水素塩の水ガラス中のＮａ２Ｏに対するモル比、それぞれについての測定結果を表１にまとめて示した。
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| JPS5731983A (en) * | 1980-08-05 | 1982-02-20 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | Liquid chemical for stabilizing ground |
| JPH0489912A (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1992-03-24 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Grouting construction method |
| JPH0493409A (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1992-03-26 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Subsoil injection construction method |
| JPH08269449A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1996-10-15 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Grout for the ground and method for grouting the ground |
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| JPS5731983A (en) * | 1980-08-05 | 1982-02-20 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | Liquid chemical for stabilizing ground |
| JPH0489912A (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1992-03-24 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Grouting construction method |
| JPH0493409A (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1992-03-26 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Subsoil injection construction method |
| JPH08269449A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1996-10-15 | Kyokado Eng Co Ltd | Grout for the ground and method for grouting the ground |
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