JP4497915B2 - Cooling system - Google Patents

Cooling system Download PDF

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JP4497915B2
JP4497915B2 JP2003423192A JP2003423192A JP4497915B2 JP 4497915 B2 JP4497915 B2 JP 4497915B2 JP 2003423192 A JP2003423192 A JP 2003423192A JP 2003423192 A JP2003423192 A JP 2003423192A JP 4497915 B2 JP4497915 B2 JP 4497915B2
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refrigeration
evaporator
refrigerant
electric expansion
temperature
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JP2005180815A (en
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太郎 小川
弘司 玉山
聡 針生
正信 竹内
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/22—Refrigeration systems for supermarkets

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Description

本発明は、例えば低温ショーケースや冷蔵庫などの冷却装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a cooling device such as a low-temperature showcase or a refrigerator.

従来よりコンビニエンスストア等の店舗の店内（室内）には商品を陳列販売する冷蔵或いは冷凍用のオープンショーケースや扉付きのショーケースなどの低温ショーケースが設置されており、これらは店舗の機械室などに設置された冷凍機からの冷媒循環によって庫内冷却が行われている（特許文献１参照）。
特開２００２−１７４４７０号公報 Conventionally, in-store (indoor) of stores such as convenience stores, cold showcases such as refrigerated or refrigerated open showcases and showcases with doors have been installed, which are the machine rooms of stores. The inside cooling is performed by the refrigerant circulation from the refrigerator installed in the etc. (refer patent document 1).
JP 2002-174470 A

この場合、低温ショーケース側に設けられた蒸発器と冷凍機側に設けられた圧縮機や凝縮器は冷媒配管にて環状に接続されると共に、蒸発器の入口側には膨張弁が設けられ、蒸発器における冷媒の過熱度を最適値になるように調整していた。この膨張弁は通常温度式の膨張弁であり、蒸発器の出口側の冷媒温度に応じてベローズが弁開度を調整するものであったため、過熱度の調整のみの役割を果たしていた。   In this case, the evaporator provided on the low-temperature showcase side and the compressor and condenser provided on the refrigerator side are connected in an annular shape through the refrigerant pipe, and an expansion valve is provided on the inlet side of the evaporator. The superheat degree of the refrigerant in the evaporator was adjusted to an optimum value. This expansion valve is a normal temperature type expansion valve, and the bellows adjusts the valve opening according to the refrigerant temperature on the outlet side of the evaporator, so that it plays only the role of adjusting the degree of superheat.

一方で、近年ではステッピングモータなどの駆動装置を用いた電動膨張弁（電子膨張弁とも称される）が開発されており、係る電動膨張弁によれば弁開度の細かい制御を実現可能である。   On the other hand, in recent years, an electric expansion valve (also referred to as an electronic expansion valve) using a drive device such as a stepping motor has been developed, and according to such an electric expansion valve, it is possible to achieve fine control of the valve opening. .

本発明は、係る従来の状況を踏まえ、電動膨張弁を用いてより安全且つ的確な運転が可能な冷却装置を提供するものである。   The present invention provides a cooling device capable of safer and more accurate operation using an electric expansion valve in light of the conventional situation.

請求項１の発明の冷却装置は、圧縮機と、凝縮器と、冷凍用電動膨張弁及び冷蔵用電動膨張弁と、冷凍ケースの庫内を冷却する冷凍用蒸発器及び冷蔵ケースの庫内を冷却する冷蔵用蒸発器とを備え、凝縮器を経た冷媒を分流し、一方は冷凍用電動膨張弁を介して冷凍用蒸発器に流入させ、他方は冷蔵用電動膨張弁を介して冷蔵用蒸発器に流入させ、冷凍用蒸発器から出た冷媒と冷蔵用蒸発器から出た冷媒とを合流させて圧縮機に吸い込ませると共に、冷凍用蒸発器から出た冷媒を、冷蔵用蒸発器から出た冷媒と合流させる以前に昇圧させる昇圧機と各電動膨張弁の弁開度を調整して各蒸発器における冷媒の過熱度を制御する制御装置とを設け、この制御装置は、圧縮機若しくは昇圧機が故障した場合、冷蔵用電動膨張弁の弁開度を縮小させることを特徴とする。 The cooling device of the invention of claim 1 includes a compressor, a condenser, an electric expansion valve for refrigeration and an electric expansion valve for refrigeration, a freezing evaporator for cooling the inside of the freezing case, and the inside of the freezing case. A cooling evaporator for cooling, and the refrigerant that has passed through the condenser is diverted, one flows into the refrigeration evaporator via the electric expansion valve for refrigeration, and the other is evaporated through the electric expansion valve for refrigeration. The refrigerant from the refrigeration evaporator and the refrigerant from the refrigeration evaporator are combined and sucked into the compressor, and the refrigerant from the refrigeration evaporator is discharged from the refrigeration evaporator. Provided with a booster that boosts the pressure before joining the refrigerant and a control device that controls the degree of superheat of the refrigerant in each evaporator by adjusting the valve opening degree of each electric expansion valve. If the machine breaks down, reduce the opening of the refrigerated electric expansion valve And wherein the door.

請求項２の発明の冷却装置は、上記において複数台の冷蔵ケースと各冷蔵ケースの庫内をそれぞれ冷却する複数の冷蔵用蒸発器及び冷蔵用電動膨張弁を備え、制御装置は、圧縮機が故障した場合、各冷蔵用電動膨張弁のうちの何れかを開き、他を閉じる制御を各冷蔵用電動膨張弁に対して順次実行することを特徴とする。 The cooling device of the invention of claim 2 comprises a plurality of refrigeration cases and a plurality of refrigeration evaporators and refrigeration electric expansion valves for cooling the interior of the respective refrigeration cases, and the control device comprises a compressor When a failure occurs, one of the refrigerated electric expansion valves is opened, and the other is closed, and control is sequentially performed on each refrigerated electric expansion valve.

請求項１の発明の冷却装置によれば、圧縮機と、凝縮器と、冷凍用電動膨張弁及び冷蔵用電動膨張弁と、冷凍ケースの庫内を冷却する冷凍用蒸発器及び冷蔵ケースの庫内を冷却する冷蔵用蒸発器とを備え、凝縮器を経た冷媒を分流し、一方は冷凍用電動膨張弁を介して冷凍用蒸発器に流入させ、他方は冷蔵用電動膨張弁を介して冷蔵用蒸発器に流入させ、冷凍用蒸発器から出た冷媒と冷蔵用蒸発器から出た冷媒とを合流させて圧縮機に吸い込ませると共に、冷凍用蒸発器から出た冷媒を、冷蔵用蒸発器から出た冷媒と合流させる以前に昇圧させる昇圧機と各電動膨張弁の弁開度を調整して各蒸発器における冷媒の過熱度を制御する制御装置とを設け、この制御装置は、圧縮機若しくは昇圧機が故障した場合、冷蔵用電動膨張弁の弁開度を縮小させるようにしたので、圧縮機若しくは昇圧機が故障して何れか一方のみで冷媒循環を行わせる状況に陥ったときに、冷蔵用蒸発器における冷媒の蒸発温度を冷凍用蒸発器における冷媒の蒸発温度に合わせ、冷蔵ケースの庫内を少しでも冷却することが可能となる。これにより、係る異常時におけるフェールセーフを実現可能となる。 According to the cooling device of the first aspect of the present invention, a compressor, a condenser, an electric expansion valve for refrigeration and an electric expansion valve for refrigeration, an evaporator for refrigeration for cooling the inside of the refrigeration case, and an refrigeration case storage. A refrigeration evaporator for cooling the inside, and the refrigerant that has passed through the condenser is diverted, one of which flows into the refrigeration evaporator via the refrigeration electric expansion valve, and the other is refrigeration via the refrigeration electric expansion valve The refrigerant from the refrigeration evaporator and the refrigerant from the refrigeration evaporator are combined and sucked into the compressor, and the refrigerant from the refrigeration evaporator is supplied to the refrigeration evaporator. Provided with a booster that pressurizes the refrigerant before it merges with the refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant and a control device that controls the degree of superheat of the refrigerant in each evaporator by adjusting the valve opening degree of each electric expansion valve. Or, if the booster fails, reduce the opening of the electric expansion valve for refrigeration Therefore, when the compressor or booster breaks down and only one of the refrigerants circulates, the refrigerant evaporating temperature in the refrigeration evaporator is reduced. The inside of the refrigerator case can be cooled as much as possible according to the temperature. Thereby, it becomes possible to realize fail-safe at the time of such abnormality.

請求項２の発明の冷却装置によれば、上記に加えて複数台の冷蔵ケースと各冷蔵ケースの庫内をそれぞれ冷却する複数の冷蔵用蒸発器及び冷蔵用電動膨張弁を備え、制御装置は、圧縮機が故障した場合、各冷蔵用電動膨張弁のうちの何れかを開き、他を閉じる制御を各冷蔵用電動膨張弁に対して順次実行するので、複数台の冷蔵ケースが存在する場合に、圧縮機若しくは昇圧機が故障して何れか一方のみで冷媒循環を行わせる状況に陥ったときに、各冷蔵ケースを少しでも満遍なく冷却することが可能となる。 According to the cooling device of the invention of claim 2, in addition to the above, a plurality of refrigeration cases and a plurality of refrigeration evaporators and refrigeration electric expansion valves for cooling the interior of each refrigeration case, respectively, When a compressor breaks down, the control for opening one of the refrigeration electric expansion valves and closing the other is sequentially executed for each refrigeration electric expansion valve, so that there are multiple refrigeration cases. In addition, when the compressor or the booster fails and the refrigerant is circulated by only one of them, it is possible to cool each refrigeration case evenly evenly.

以下、図面に基づき本発明の実施形態を詳述する。図１は本発明の冷却装置１の冷媒回路図であり、図２は冷却装置１の電気回路のブロック図である。実施例の冷却装置１は、例えばコンビニエンスストアの室内（店内）に設置されている冷蔵ケース３Ａ、３Ｂや冷凍ケース４（何れもショーケース）の庫内冷却を実現するものである。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a cooling device 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of the cooling device 1. The cooling device 1 according to the embodiment realizes, for example, cooling of the refrigerated cases 3A and 3B and the refrigerated case 4 (all of which are showcases) installed in a room (a store) of a convenience store.

尚、これら冷蔵ケース３、３や冷凍ケース４は、前面や上面が開口するオープンショーケースの他、透明ガラス扉にて開口が開閉自在に閉塞されたショーケースであり、冷蔵ケース３Ａの庫内（被冷却空間）は食材の陳列販売のために例えば平均＋５程の冷蔵温度（設定温度）に冷却され、また、冷蔵ケース３Ｂの庫内（被冷却空間）は弁当などに適した比較的高い例えば平均＋１８℃程の冷蔵温度（設定温度）に冷却されると共に、冷凍ケース４の庫内（被冷却空間）は−１５℃程の冷凍温度（設定温度）に冷却され、冷凍食品やアイスクリームなどの冷菓が陳列されるものである。   The refrigerated cases 3, 3 and the refrigerated case 4 are open showcases whose front and upper surfaces are open, as well as showcases whose openings are freely closed by a transparent glass door. The (cooled space) is cooled to a refrigeration temperature (set temperature) of, for example, an average of about +5 for display of foodstuffs, and the inside of the refrigerated case 3B (cooled space) is relatively high suitable for a lunch box or the like. For example, it is cooled to a refrigeration temperature (set temperature) of about + 18 ° C. on the average, and the inside of the freezing case 4 (cooled space) is cooled to a freezing temperature (set temperature) of about −15 ° C. Frozen desserts such as are displayed.

この図において、冷却装置１は店外に設置された冷凍機６を備え、この冷凍機６と店内に設置された冷蔵ケース３Ａ、３Ｂ及び冷凍ケース４との間に渡って冷媒回路７が配管構成されている。この冷媒回路７は、冷凍機６側に設置された圧縮機（コンプレッサ）８、凝縮器９、電磁弁１１と、冷蔵ケース３Ａ内に設置されて冷蔵ケース３Ａの庫内を冷却する冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、電動膨張弁１３Ａ（冷蔵用電動膨張弁）、電磁弁１４Ａと、冷蔵ケース３Ｂ内に設置されて冷蔵ケース３Ｂの庫内を冷却する冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ｂ、電動膨張弁１３Ｂ（冷蔵用電動膨張弁）、電磁弁１４Ｂと、冷凍ケース４内に設置されて冷凍ケース４の庫内を冷却する冷凍用蒸発器１６、電動膨張弁１７（冷凍用電動膨張弁）、電磁弁１８、１９、昇圧機２１等から構成されている。   In this figure, the cooling device 1 includes a refrigerator 6 installed outside the store, and a refrigerant circuit 7 is piped between the refrigerator 6 and the refrigerator cases 3A, 3B and the refrigerator case 4 installed in the store. It is configured. The refrigerant circuit 7 includes a compressor (compressor) 8, a condenser 9, a solenoid valve 11 installed on the refrigerator 6 side, and a refrigeration evaporator that is installed in the refrigeration case 3A and cools the inside of the refrigeration case 3A. 12A, electric expansion valve 13A (electric storage valve for refrigeration), electromagnetic valve 14A, refrigeration evaporator 12B that is installed in the refrigeration case 3B and cools the inside of the refrigeration case 3B, and electric expansion valve 13B (for refrigeration) An electric expansion valve), an electromagnetic valve 14B, an evaporator 16 for refrigeration installed in the refrigeration case 4 to cool the inside of the refrigeration case 4, an electric expansion valve 17 (electric expansion valve for refrigeration), and electromagnetic valves 18, 19 And the booster 21 and the like.

上記電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１７は例えばステッピングモータによって駆動される所謂電子膨張弁であり、後述するコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂ、４４により、全閉と全開の間でその弁開度を所定ステップずつ調整可能とされているものである。   The electric expansion valves 13A, 13B, and 17 are so-called electronic expansion valves that are driven by, for example, a stepping motor. The controller 37A, 37B, and 44, which will be described later, adjust the valve opening degree between the fully closed and fully opened steps by a predetermined step. It is possible.

圧縮機８の吐出側は凝縮器９の入口に接続されている。尚、電磁弁１１は圧縮機８をバイパスするように並列に接続されている。凝縮器９の出口は、店内に入って実施例では三方に分岐する。分岐した一つの配管は、電磁弁１４Ａを介して冷蔵ケース３Ａの電動膨張弁１３Ａの入口に接続され、電動膨張弁１３Ａの出口は冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａの入口に接続されている。分岐したもう一つの配管は、電磁弁１４Ｂを介して冷蔵ケース３Ｂの電動膨張弁１３Ｂの入口に接続され、電動膨張弁１３Ｂの出口は冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ｂの入口に接続されている。分岐した残りの配管は、電磁弁１８を介して冷凍ケース４の電動膨張弁１７の入口に接続され、電動膨張弁１７の出口は冷凍用蒸発器１６の入口に接続されている。   The discharge side of the compressor 8 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 9. The solenoid valve 11 is connected in parallel so as to bypass the compressor 8. The outlet of the condenser 9 enters the store and branches in three directions in the embodiment. One branched pipe is connected to the inlet of the electric expansion valve 13A of the refrigeration case 3A via the electromagnetic valve 14A, and the outlet of the electric expansion valve 13A is connected to the inlet of the refrigeration evaporator 12A. The other branched pipe is connected to the inlet of the electric expansion valve 13B of the refrigeration case 3B via the electromagnetic valve 14B, and the outlet of the electric expansion valve 13B is connected to the inlet of the refrigeration evaporator 12B. The remaining branched pipe is connected to the inlet of the electric expansion valve 17 of the refrigeration case 4 via the electromagnetic valve 18, and the outlet of the electric expansion valve 17 is connected to the inlet of the refrigeration evaporator 16.

冷凍用蒸発器１６の出口は、昇圧機２１の入口に接続されている。この昇圧機２１は前記圧縮機８よりも容量の小さい圧縮機（コンプレッサ）を備え、入口に至った冷媒を圧縮して圧力上昇させた後、出口から吐出する装置であり、この昇圧機２１の出口は圧縮機８の吸込側に接続されている。尚、各冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂの出口は合流した後、昇圧機２１の出口側に接続されている。また、電磁弁１９は各冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂから出た配管が合流した後の箇所と昇圧機２１の入口側の配管との間に接続されている。尚、各冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂが合流した後の配管における電磁弁１９が接続された箇所と昇圧機２１の出口側に接続された箇所との間には図示しない逆止弁が接続され、昇圧機２１の出口側が順方向とされている。   The outlet of the freezing evaporator 16 is connected to the inlet of the booster 21. The booster 21 includes a compressor (compressor) having a smaller capacity than the compressor 8, compresses the refrigerant reaching the inlet, increases the pressure, and then discharges the refrigerant from the outlet. The outlet is connected to the suction side of the compressor 8. The outlets of the refrigeration evaporators 12A and 12B are joined and then connected to the outlet side of the booster 21. Further, the electromagnetic valve 19 is connected between a place after the pipes coming out of the respective refrigeration evaporators 12A and 12B merge and the pipe on the inlet side of the booster 21. A check valve (not shown) is connected between a location where the solenoid valve 19 is connected to a location where the refrigeration evaporators 12A and 12B are joined and a location connected to the outlet side of the booster 21. The outlet side of the booster 21 is the forward direction.

次に図２において、３１は冷凍機９を制御する冷凍機コントローラであり、汎用のマイクロコンピュータにて構成されている。この冷凍機コントローラ３１の入力には、外気温度を検出する外気温度センサ３２、冷媒回路７の低圧側圧力（実際には昇圧機２１の出口から圧縮機８の吸込側に至る冷媒回路７内の圧力）を検出する低圧センサ３３、冷媒回路７の高圧側圧力（実際には圧縮機８の吐出側から各電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１７の入口までの間の冷媒回路７内の圧力）を検出する高圧センサ３４の出力がそれぞれ接続されている。そして、冷凍機コントローラ３１の出力には圧縮機８、凝縮器９の凝縮器用送風機３６、電磁弁１１が接続されている。   Next, in FIG. 2, 31 is a refrigerator controller which controls the refrigerator 9, and is comprised by the general purpose microcomputer. The input of the refrigerator controller 31 includes an outside air temperature sensor 32 for detecting the outside air temperature, a low pressure side pressure of the refrigerant circuit 7 (actually, in the refrigerant circuit 7 from the outlet of the booster 21 to the suction side of the compressor 8). Low pressure sensor 33 that detects the pressure), and the high pressure side pressure of the refrigerant circuit 7 (actually, the pressure in the refrigerant circuit 7 from the discharge side of the compressor 8 to the inlet of each electric expansion valve 13A, 13B, 17). The outputs of the high pressure sensor 34 to be detected are connected to each other. The compressor 8, the condenser blower 36 of the condenser 9, and the electromagnetic valve 11 are connected to the output of the refrigerator controller 31.

３７Ａ、３７Ｂはそれぞれ冷蔵ケース３Ａ、３Ｂを制御する冷蔵ケースコントローラである。尚、各冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂは回路構成的には何れも同様のものであるので以後は冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａについて説明する。冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａも汎用のマイクロコンピュータにて構成されており、この冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａの入力には、冷蔵ケース３Ａの庫内温度（被冷却空間の温度）を検出する庫内温度センサ３８、冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａの入口側の温度を検出する蒸発器入口センサ３９、冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａの出口側の温度を検出する蒸発器出口センサ４１の出力が接続されている。尚、前記庫内温度センサ３８は庫内に吐出される冷気（被冷却空間に吐出される冷気）の温度を検出してもよく、前記蒸発器入口センサ３９は冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａの温度（冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａの中間部の温度）を検出してもよい。   Reference numerals 37A and 37B denote refrigeration case controllers for controlling the refrigeration cases 3A and 3B, respectively. Each of the refrigeration case controllers 37A and 37B has the same circuit configuration, and hence the refrigeration case controller 37A will be described below. The refrigeration case controller 37A is also composed of a general-purpose microcomputer, and an input of the refrigeration case controller 37A includes an internal temperature sensor 38 for detecting the internal temperature of the refrigeration case 3A (temperature of the space to be cooled), refrigeration. The outputs of an evaporator inlet sensor 39 for detecting the temperature on the inlet side of the evaporator 12A for use and the output of the evaporator outlet sensor 41 for detecting the temperature on the outlet side of the evaporator 12A for refrigeration are connected. The internal temperature sensor 38 may detect the temperature of cold air discharged into the internal space (cold air discharged into the space to be cooled), and the evaporator inlet sensor 39 may detect the temperature of the refrigerating evaporator 12A ( You may detect the temperature of the intermediate part of the evaporator 12A for refrigeration.

そして、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａの出力には、冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａと熱交換した冷気を庫内に吐出して循環させるための送風機４２、前記電動膨張弁１３Ａ、電磁弁１４Ａが接続されている（尚、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ｂの場合は、上記冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、電動膨張弁１３Ａ、電磁弁１４Ａが冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ｂ、電動膨張弁１３Ｂ、電磁弁１４Ｂと置き換えられることは云うまでもない）。   The output of the refrigeration case controller 37A is connected to a blower 42, the electric expansion valve 13A, and the electromagnetic valve 14A for discharging and circulating the chilled air heat-exchanged with the refrigeration evaporator 12A. In the case of the refrigeration case controller 37B, it goes without saying that the refrigeration evaporator 12A, the electric expansion valve 13A, and the electromagnetic valve 14A are replaced with the refrigeration evaporator 12B, the electric expansion valve 13B, and the electromagnetic valve 14B). .

４４は冷凍ケース４を制御する冷凍ケースコントローラである。冷凍ケースコントローラ４４も汎用のマイクロコンピュータにて構成されており、この冷凍ケースコントローラ４４の入力には、冷凍ケース４の庫内温度（被冷却空間の温度）を検出する庫内温度センサ４６、冷凍用蒸発器１６の入口側の温度を検出する蒸発器入口センサ４７、冷凍用蒸発器１６の出口側の温度を検出する蒸発器出口センサ４８の出力が接続されている。尚、前記庫内温度センサ４６は庫内に吐出される冷気（被冷却空間に吐出される冷気）の温度を検出してもよく、前記蒸発器入口センサ４７は冷凍用蒸発器１６の温度（冷凍用蒸発器１６の中間部の温度）を検出してもよい。   A refrigeration case controller 44 controls the refrigeration case 4. The refrigeration case controller 44 is also constituted by a general-purpose microcomputer, and an input of the refrigeration case controller 44 includes an internal temperature sensor 46 for detecting the internal temperature of the freezing case 4 (temperature of the space to be cooled), freezing The outputs of an evaporator inlet sensor 47 that detects the temperature on the inlet side of the evaporator 16 and the evaporator outlet sensor 48 that detects the temperature on the outlet side of the refrigeration evaporator 16 are connected. The internal temperature sensor 46 may detect the temperature of cold air discharged into the internal space (cold air discharged into the space to be cooled), and the evaporator inlet sensor 47 may detect the temperature of the freezing evaporator 16 ( You may detect the temperature of the intermediate part of the evaporator 16 for freezing.

そして、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４の出力には、冷凍用蒸発器１６と熱交換した冷気を庫内に吐出して循環させるための送風機４９、前記電動膨張弁１７、電磁弁１８、１９、昇圧機２１が接続されている。また、冷凍機コントローラ３１は、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂ及び冷凍ケースコントローラ４４と通信線にて接続され、それらの間でデータの送受信を行うよう構成されている。   The output of the refrigeration case controller 44 includes a blower 49 for discharging and circulating the cold air heat-exchanged with the refrigeration evaporator 16, the electric expansion valve 17, the electromagnetic valves 18 and 19, and the booster 21. Is connected. The refrigerator controller 31 is connected to the refrigeration case controllers 37A and 37B and the refrigeration case controller 44 through a communication line, and is configured to transmit and receive data between them.

以上の構成で本発明の冷却装置１の動作を説明する。
（１）通常運転
先ず、通常の冷却運転状態について説明する。
冷凍機コントローラ３１は電磁弁１１を閉じ、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂは電磁弁１４Ａ、１４Ｂをそれぞれ開き、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４は電磁弁１８を開き、電磁弁１９を閉じる。そして、冷凍機コントローラ３１は圧縮機８と凝縮器用送風機３６を運転すると共に、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４は昇圧機２１を運転する。圧縮機８から吐出された高温高圧のガス冷媒は凝縮器９に入る。この凝縮器９に流入した冷媒はそこで放熱し、凝縮していく。 The operation of the cooling device 1 of the present invention with the above configuration will be described.
(1) Normal operation First, a normal cooling operation state will be described.
The refrigerator controller 31 closes the electromagnetic valve 11, the refrigeration case controllers 37A and 37B open the electromagnetic valves 14A and 14B, respectively, and the refrigeration case controller 44 opens the electromagnetic valve 18 and closes the electromagnetic valve 19. The refrigerator controller 31 operates the compressor 8 and the condenser blower 36, and the refrigeration case controller 44 operates the booster 21. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 enters the condenser 9. The refrigerant flowing into the condenser 9 dissipates heat and condenses there.

この凝縮器９を出た冷媒は次に三方に分流され、それぞれ電磁弁１４Ａ、１４Ｂ、１８を通過して電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１７に至り、そこで絞られた後（減圧）、冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、冷凍用蒸発器１６にそれぞれ流入してそこで蒸発する。冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂには送風機４２により冷蔵ケース３Ａ、３Ｂの庫内空気が通風・循環されており、冷媒の蒸発による吸熱作用で庫内空気は冷却される。これにより、冷蔵ケース３Ａ、３Ｂの庫内冷却が行われる。冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂを出た低温のガス冷媒は合流した後、昇圧機２１の出口側に至る。   The refrigerant exiting the condenser 9 is then divided into three directions, passing through the electromagnetic valves 14A, 14B, and 18 to the electric expansion valves 13A, 13B, and 17, respectively. It flows into the evaporators 12A and 12B and the refrigeration evaporator 16 and evaporates there. The refrigeration evaporators 12A and 12B are ventilated and circulated with the air in the refrigeration cases 3A and 3B by the blower 42, and the internal air is cooled by the endothermic action due to the evaporation of the refrigerant. Thereby, the inside cooling of refrigeration case 3A, 3B is performed. The low-temperature gas refrigerant exiting the refrigeration evaporators 12A and 12B joins and then reaches the outlet side of the booster 21.

一方、冷凍用蒸発器１６にも送風機４９により冷凍ケース４の庫内空気が通風・循環されており、冷媒の蒸発による吸熱作用で庫内空気は冷却される。これにより、冷凍ケース４の庫内冷却が行われる。冷凍用蒸発器１６を出た低温のガス冷媒は昇圧機２１に至り、そこで、圧縮されて冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂの出口側の圧力まで昇圧された後、昇圧機２１から出て冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂからの冷媒と合流する。この合流した冷媒は圧縮機８の吸込側に吸い込まれる循環を繰り返す。   On the other hand, the internal air of the freezing case 4 is ventilated and circulated by the blower 49 also in the freezing evaporator 16, and the internal air is cooled by the endothermic action due to the evaporation of the refrigerant. Thereby, the inside cooling of the freezing case 4 is performed. The low-temperature gas refrigerant exiting the freezing evaporator 16 reaches the booster 21, where it is compressed and pressurized to the pressure on the outlet side of the refrigeration evaporators 12A and 12B, and then exits from the booster 21 for refrigeration. It merges with the refrigerant from the evaporators 12A and 12B. The merged refrigerant repeats circulation that is sucked into the suction side of the compressor 8.

そして、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４は、蒸発器入口センサ４７及び蒸発器出口センサ４８が検出する冷凍用蒸発器１６の入口／出口冷媒に基づいて冷凍用蒸発器１６にて蒸発する冷媒の過熱度が適正な目標値となるように電動膨張弁１７の弁開度を調整する。この調整は所定のステップずつ行われる。   The refrigeration case controller 44 has an appropriate degree of superheat of the refrigerant evaporated in the refrigeration evaporator 16 based on the inlet / outlet refrigerant of the refrigeration evaporator 16 detected by the evaporator inlet sensor 47 and the evaporator outlet sensor 48. The valve opening degree of the electric expansion valve 17 is adjusted so as to obtain a desired target value. This adjustment is performed in predetermined steps.

尚、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４は、冷凍用蒸発器１６における冷媒の過熱度が目標値の上下所定値内にある場合には、例えば１ステップずつ弁開度を拡大／縮小させるものであるが、当該目標値より上下所定値以上離れた場合には、例えば２ステップ若しくは３ステップずつ弁開度を拡大／縮小させる。即ち、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４は冷凍用蒸発器１６における冷媒の過熱度が目標値より所定値以上（上下所定値以上）離れた場合には、その操作量を大きくして早く目標値に戻るようにしている。   The refrigeration case controller 44 expands / reduces the valve opening step by step, for example, when the degree of superheat of the refrigerant in the refrigeration evaporator 16 is within a predetermined value above and below the target value. If the target value is more than a predetermined value above or below the target value, for example, the valve opening is enlarged / reduced by 2 steps or 3 steps. In other words, when the degree of superheat of the refrigerant in the refrigeration evaporator 16 deviates from the target value by a predetermined value or more (up or down predetermined value), the refrigeration case controller 44 increases the operation amount so as to quickly return to the target value. ing.

また、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４は庫内温度センサ４６の出力に基づき、庫内温度（若しくは吐出冷気の温度。以下、同じ。）が例えば−１４℃に上昇すると電磁弁１８を開き、昇圧機２１を運転すると共に、−１６℃に低下すると電磁弁１８を閉じ、昇圧機２１を停止する。これにより、冷凍ケース４の庫内を平均−１５℃略の冷凍温度（設定温度）に冷却する。   Further, the refrigeration case controller 44 opens the electromagnetic valve 18 based on the output of the internal temperature sensor 46 and opens the solenoid valve 18 when the internal temperature (or the temperature of the discharged cold air, hereinafter the same) rises to, for example, −14 ° C. When the operation is performed and the temperature falls to -16 ° C, the solenoid valve 18 is closed and the booster 21 is stopped. As a result, the inside of the freezing case 4 is cooled to an average freezing temperature (set temperature) of about −15 ° C.

また、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａも、蒸発器入口センサ３９及び蒸発器出口センサ４１が検出する冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａの入口／出口冷媒に基づいて冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａにて蒸発する冷媒の過熱度が適正な目標値となるように電動膨張弁１３Ａの弁開度を調整する。この調整も同様に所定のステップずつ行われる。   The refrigeration case controller 37A also has an appropriate degree of superheat of the refrigerant evaporated in the refrigeration evaporator 12A based on the inlet / outlet refrigerant of the refrigeration evaporator 12A detected by the evaporator inlet sensor 39 and the evaporator outlet sensor 41. The valve opening of the electric expansion valve 13A is adjusted so as to obtain a desired target value. This adjustment is also performed in predetermined steps.

また、同様に冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａは、冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａにおける冷媒の過熱度が目標値の上下所定値内にある場合には、例えば１ステップずつ弁開度を拡大／縮小させるものであるが、当該目標値より上下所定値以上離れた場合には、例えば２ステップ若しくは３ステップずつ弁開度を拡大／縮小させる。即ち、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａも同様に冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａにおける冷媒の過熱度が目標値より所定値以上（上下所定値以上）離れた場合には、その操作量を大きくして早く目標値に戻るようにしている。   Similarly, the refrigeration case controller 37A expands / reduces the valve opening by one step, for example, when the degree of superheat of the refrigerant in the refrigeration evaporator 12A is within a predetermined value above and below the target value. When the distance is more than a predetermined value above and below the target value, for example, the valve opening is enlarged / reduced by 2 steps or 3 steps. That is, the refrigeration case controller 37A similarly returns to the target value by increasing the operation amount when the superheat degree of the refrigerant in the refrigeration evaporator 12A is more than the target value by a predetermined value (up and down predetermined value). I am doing so.

そして、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａは庫内温度センサ３８の出力に基づき、庫内温度（若しくは吐出冷気の温度。以下、同じ。）が例えば＋７℃に上昇すると電磁弁１４Ａを開くと共に、＋３℃に低下すると電磁弁１４Ａを閉じる。これにより、冷蔵ケース３Ａの庫内を平均＋５℃略の冷蔵温度（設定温度）に冷却する。   The refrigeration case controller 37A opens the solenoid valve 14A and decreases to + 3 ° C. when the internal temperature (or the temperature of the discharged cold air, hereinafter the same) rises to, for example, + 7 ° C. based on the output of the internal temperature sensor 38. Then, the electromagnetic valve 14A is closed. Thereby, the inside of the refrigerator case 3A is cooled to an average + 5 ° C. refrigerator temperature (set temperature).

他方、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ｂは、庫内温度センサ３８の出力に基づき、例えば庫内温度（若しくは吐出冷気の温度。以下、同じ。）が例えば＋２０℃に上昇すると電動膨張弁１３Ｂの弁開度を所定ステップ拡大し、＋１６℃に低下すると電動膨張弁１３Ｂの弁開度を所定ステップ縮小させる制御を実行する。尚、電磁弁１４Ｂは開放したままであるが、係る電動膨張弁１３Ｂの制御によっても庫内温度が低下する場合には閉じられる。   On the other hand, the refrigeration case controller 37B, based on the output of the internal temperature sensor 38, for example, increases the valve opening degree of the electric expansion valve 13B when the internal temperature (or the temperature of the discharged cold air, the same applies hereinafter) rises to + 20 ° C., for example. When the predetermined step is expanded and lowered to + 16 ° C., control is performed to reduce the valve opening of the electric expansion valve 13B by a predetermined step. The electromagnetic valve 14B remains open, but is closed when the internal temperature decreases even under the control of the electric expansion valve 13B.

ここで、冷蔵ケース３Ｂは冷蔵ケース３Ａよりも設定温度が高く、従って、冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ｂへの冷媒循環量は冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａへの冷媒循環量よりも少なくなる。このような状況で冷媒回路７内の冷媒循環量が大きく変動すると、電動膨張弁１３Ｂにより上述同様に冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ｂの過熱度制御を行うと、変動に追従できずに電動膨張弁１３Ｂが開／閉を繰り返す、所謂ハンチング状態に陥るが、本発明の如く庫内温度と設定温度の差に基づき、庫内温度が設定温度より高くなったら弁開度を拡大させ、低くなったら弁開度を縮小させる制御を行うことにより、係る異常状態の発生を回避できるようになる。そして、これにより冷蔵ケース３Ａの庫内を平均＋１８℃略の冷蔵温度（設定温度）に冷却する。   Here, the set temperature of the refrigeration case 3B is higher than that of the refrigeration case 3A, and therefore the amount of refrigerant circulation to the refrigeration evaporator 12B is smaller than the amount of refrigerant circulation to the refrigeration evaporator 12A. If the refrigerant circulation amount in the refrigerant circuit 7 greatly fluctuates in such a situation, if the superheat degree control of the refrigeration evaporator 12B is performed by the electric expansion valve 13B as described above, the electric expansion valve 13B cannot follow the fluctuation and the electric expansion valve 13B It will be in a so-called hunting state that repeats opening and closing, but based on the difference between the internal temperature and the set temperature as in the present invention, the valve opening is increased when the internal temperature is higher than the set temperature, and the valve is opened when the internal temperature is lower. By performing control to reduce the degree, occurrence of such an abnormal state can be avoided. And thereby, the inside of the refrigerator case 3A is cooled to a refrigerator temperature (set temperature) of about + 18 ° C. on average.

冷凍機コントローラ３１は、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂ及び冷凍ケースコントローラ４４からの通信により、全ての電磁弁１４Ａ、１４Ｂ、１８が閉じられた場合、或いは、低圧センサ３３が検出する冷媒回路７の低圧側圧力が下限値まで低下した場合、圧縮機８を停止する。そして、何れかの電磁弁１４Ａ、１４Ｂ、１８が開放されているときは圧縮機８を運転する。   The refrigerator controller 31 detects the low pressure of the refrigerant circuit 7 detected by the low pressure sensor 33 when all the solenoid valves 14A, 14B, 18 are closed by communication from the refrigeration case controllers 37A, 37B and the freezing case controller 44. When the side pressure decreases to the lower limit value, the compressor 8 is stopped. When any one of the solenoid valves 14A, 14B, 18 is opened, the compressor 8 is operated.

（２）冷やし込み制御
次に、冷却装置１を設置した後や蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６の霜取り後などの庫内温度が高くなった後のプルダウンにおける冷やし込み制御について説明する。尚、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａや３７Ｂ、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４は定期的に各電磁弁１４Ａ、１４Ｂ、１８を閉じ、送風機４２や４９のみ運転して各蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６の霜取りを行っている。 (2) Cooling control Next, the cooling control in the pull-down after the cooling device 1 is installed or the internal temperature becomes high after defrosting the evaporators 12A, 12B, and 16 will be described. The refrigeration case controllers 37A and 37B and the refrigeration case controller 44 periodically close the electromagnetic valves 14A, 14B and 18, and operate only the blowers 42 and 49 to defrost the evaporators 12A, 12B and 16. .

そして、各コントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂ、４４は庫内温度センサ３８や４６が検出する庫内温度（或いは吐出冷気温度）か、蒸発器入口センサ３９や４７が検出する蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６の入口温度か、蒸発器出口センサ４１や４８が検出する蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６の出口温度の何れか、或いは、それらの組み合わせの何れかが所定の上限値（庫内温度の場合には前述した＋７℃（冷蔵ケース３Ａ）、＋２０℃（冷蔵ケース３Ｂ）或いは−１４℃（冷凍ケース４）よりも高い所定の上限値）を超えた場合、各電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１８の弁開度を所定の小さい値に縮小させて各蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６における冷媒の過熱度を大きくし、各蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６における冷媒の蒸発温度を一時的に下げる。   Each of the controllers 37A, 37B, and 44 is an internal temperature (or discharge cold air temperature) detected by the internal temperature sensors 38 and 46, or an inlet of the evaporators 12A, 12B, and 16 detected by the evaporator inlet sensors 39 and 47. Either the temperature, the outlet temperature of the evaporators 12A, 12B, 16 detected by the evaporator outlet sensors 41 and 48, or any combination thereof is a predetermined upper limit value (described above in the case of the internal temperature). When the temperature exceeds + 7 ° C. (refrigerated case 3A), + 20 ° C. (refrigerated case 3B) or −14 ° C. (refrigerated case 4), the valve opening degree of each of the electric expansion valves 13A, 13B, 18 Is reduced to a predetermined small value to increase the degree of superheat of the refrigerant in each of the evaporators 12A, 12B, and 16, and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in each of the evaporators 12A, 12B, and 16 is temporarily reduced.

これにより、冷却装置１を設置した後や蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６の霜取り後などの庫内温度が高くなった後のプルダウン時や、何らかの原因によって庫内温度が異常に上昇した場合に、各蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６における冷媒の蒸発温度を早期に目標値に到達させることができるようになり、各ケース３Ａ、３Ｂ、４の庫内の冷やし込みが早くなる。   As a result, after installing the cooling device 1 or when pulling down after the inside temperature of the evaporator 12A, 12B, 16 is defrosted or when the inside temperature rises abnormally for some reason, The refrigerant evaporating temperature in each of the evaporators 12A, 12B, and 16 can reach the target value at an early stage, and the cooling of the cases 3A, 3B, and 4 in the cabinet is accelerated.

そして、係る冷やし込みが進み、庫内温度センサ３８や４６が検出する庫内温度（或いは吐出冷気温度）か、蒸発器入口センサ３９や４７が検出する蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６の入口温度、若しくは、冷媒の蒸発温度、蒸発器出口センサ４１や４８が検出する蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６の出口温度の何れか、或いは、それらの組み合わせの何れかが所定の下限値（庫内温度の場合は前述した＋７℃（冷蔵ケース３Ａ）、＋２０℃（冷蔵ケース３Ｂ）或いは−１４℃（冷凍ケース４）よりも低い所定の下限値）に達した場合、各コントローラ３７Ａ、３７ｂ、４４は各電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１８の弁開度を所定の大きい値に拡大して各蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６における冷媒の過熱度を小さくし、各蒸発器の全体を冷却に使用する。   Then, the cooling proceeds, and the internal temperature (or discharge cold air temperature) detected by the internal temperature sensors 38 and 46, or the inlet temperatures of the evaporators 12A, 12B, and 16 detected by the evaporator inlet sensors 39 and 47, Alternatively, any of the refrigerant evaporation temperature, the outlet temperatures of the evaporators 12A, 12B, and 16 detected by the evaporator outlet sensors 41 and 48, or any combination thereof is a predetermined lower limit value (in the case of the internal temperature) When the temperature reaches + 7 ° C. (refrigeration case 3A), + 20 ° C. (refrigeration case 3B) or −14 ° C. (refrigeration case 4), the controllers 37A, 37b, and 44 The opening degree of the expansion valves 13A, 13B, 18 is increased to a predetermined large value to reduce the degree of superheat of the refrigerant in each evaporator 12A, 12B, 16, and the entire evaporator is used for cooling.

そして、例えば庫内温度が前述した＋３℃（冷蔵ケース３Ａ）、＋１６℃（冷蔵ケース３Ｂ）、−１６℃（冷凍ケース４）に達した後、前述した通常の電動膨張弁制御に復帰する。上記により、各ケースの庫内の冷やし込みとその後の蒸発器の有効利用を的確に実現することが可能となる。   For example, after the internal temperature reaches + 3 ° C. (refrigeration case 3A), + 16 ° C. (refrigeration case 3B), and −16 ° C. (refrigeration case 4), the control returns to the normal electric expansion valve control described above. As described above, it is possible to accurately realize the cooling of the interior of each case and the subsequent effective use of the evaporator.

（３）高圧側圧力上昇時の制御
外気温が高くなったときや負荷が増大した場合、冷媒回路７の高圧側は上昇していく。冷凍機コントローラ３１は高圧センサ３４の出力に基づき、冷媒回路７の高圧側圧力が所定の危険値に達した場合は保護のために圧縮機８を停止するが、それより低い所定の上限値に達した場合、冷凍機コントローラ３１は高圧異常データを冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂ、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４に送信する。冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂ、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４は係る高圧異常データを冷凍機コントローラ３１から受信すると、各電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１７の弁開度を例えば所定ステップ縮小させるか、若しくは、所定の小さい値に弁開度を縮小させる。 (3) Control at high pressure side pressure rise When the outside air temperature becomes high or the load increases, the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 7 rises. Based on the output of the high-pressure sensor 34, the refrigerator controller 31 stops the compressor 8 for protection when the high-pressure side pressure of the refrigerant circuit 7 reaches a predetermined danger value. When it reaches, the refrigerator controller 31 transmits the high-pressure abnormality data to the refrigeration case controllers 37A and 37B and the refrigeration case controller 44. When the refrigeration case controllers 37A and 37B and the refrigeration case controller 44 receive the high-pressure abnormality data from the refrigerator controller 31, the valve opening degree of each of the electric expansion valves 13A, 13B and 17 is reduced by a predetermined step, for example, Reduce the valve opening to a smaller value.

これにより、各蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６における冷媒の蒸発温度を下げ、且つ、高圧側圧力が下がるまで冷媒循環量を減らし、高圧側の圧力上昇を抑えることができるようになり、危険値に達して圧縮機８が停止する不都合を抑制し、冷却装置１の安全性と安定性を向上できる。   As a result, the refrigerant evaporation temperature in each of the evaporators 12A, 12B, and 16 can be lowered, the refrigerant circulation amount can be reduced until the high-pressure side pressure is lowered, and the increase in pressure on the high-pressure side can be suppressed. It is possible to suppress the inconvenience that the compressor 8 stops and to improve the safety and stability of the cooling device 1.

（４）低外気温時の制御
外気温度が低下すると、冷媒回路７の高圧側圧力が上がらなくなり、電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１７の出入口の圧力差、即ち、電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１７前後の高低圧差が小さくなってそれらを冷媒が流れに難くなる。そこで、冷凍機コントローラ３１は外気温度センサ３２が検出する外気温度が所定の低い値に低下した場合、低外気温データを冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂ、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４に送信する。冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂ、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４は係る低外気温データを冷凍機コントローラ３１から受信すると、各電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１７の弁開度を例えば所定ステップ拡大させるか、若しくは、全開とする。 (4) Control at low outside air temperature When the outside air temperature decreases, the high-pressure side pressure of the refrigerant circuit 7 does not increase, and the pressure difference between the inlets and outlets of the electric expansion valves 13A, 13B, and 17, that is, the electric expansion valves 13A, 13B, and 17 The difference between the high and low pressures before and after becomes smaller, making it difficult for the refrigerant to flow through them. Therefore, when the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 32 is lowered to a predetermined low value, the refrigerator controller 31 transmits the low outside air temperature data to the refrigeration case controllers 37A and 37B and the refrigeration case controller 44. When the refrigeration case controllers 37A and 37B and the refrigeration case controller 44 receive the low outside air temperature data from the refrigerator controller 31, the valve opening degree of each of the electric expansion valves 13A, 13B and 17 is increased by, for example, a predetermined step or is fully opened. And

これにより、電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１７の冷媒流通を促進させることができるようになり、冷却装置１による冷却効果をより安定的に発揮させることが可能となる。   Thereby, it becomes possible to promote the circulation of the refrigerant through the electric expansion valves 13A, 13B, and 17, and the cooling effect by the cooling device 1 can be more stably exhibited.

（５）昇圧機故障時の制御
次に、昇圧機２１が故障して停止した場合、冷凍ケースコントローラ４４は電磁弁１９を開放すると共に、各コントローラ３１、３７Ａ、３７Ｂに昇圧機故障発生データを送信する（冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂには冷凍機コントローラ３１経由で送られる）。また、所定の警報を行う。冷凍機コントローラ３１は冷凍ケースコントローラ４４から係る昇圧機故障発生データを受信すると、引き続き圧縮機８を運転する。一方、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂは電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂの弁開度を所定ステップ縮小若しくは所定の低い値に絞り、そこにおける冷媒の蒸発温度を冷凍用蒸発器１６における冷媒の蒸発温度に合わせる。 (5) Control at the time of failure of the booster Next, when the booster 21 fails and stops, the refrigeration case controller 44 opens the solenoid valve 19 and sends the booster failure occurrence data to each controller 31, 37A, 37B. (Sent to the refrigerated case controllers 37A and 37B via the refrigerator controller 31). Also, a predetermined alarm is given. When the refrigerator controller 31 receives the booster failure occurrence data from the refrigeration case controller 44, the refrigerator controller 31 continues to operate the compressor 8. On the other hand, the refrigeration case controllers 37A and 37B reduce the valve openings of the electric expansion valves 13A and 13B by a predetermined step or reduce them to a predetermined low value, and adjust the refrigerant evaporation temperature there to the refrigerant evaporation temperature in the refrigeration evaporator 16. .

これにより、圧縮機８から吐出された冷媒は凝縮器９で凝縮され、分流して電磁弁１４Ａ、１４Ｂ、１８を通過し、各電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１７で絞られた後、各蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６に流入するようになる。そして、冷凍用蒸発器１６を出た冷媒は電磁弁１９を通って圧縮機８に戻るようになる。   As a result, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is condensed by the condenser 9, is divided and passes through the electromagnetic valves 14A, 14B, 18 and is throttled by the electric expansion valves 13A, 13B, 17, and then evaporated. Flows into the containers 12A, 12B, and 16. The refrigerant that has exited the freezing evaporator 16 returns to the compressor 8 through the electromagnetic valve 19.

従って、係る昇圧機２１の故障時にも冷媒回路７内には冷媒は循環され、各ケース３Ａ、３Ｂ、４は冷却されるようになる。特に、前述の如く冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂにおける冷媒の蒸発温度を冷凍用蒸発器１６における冷媒の蒸発温度に合わせ、冷蔵ケース３Ａ、３Ｂの庫内を少しでも冷却することが可能となる。これにより、係る異常時におけるフェールセーフを実現可能となる。   Therefore, even when the booster 21 fails, the refrigerant is circulated in the refrigerant circuit 7, and the cases 3A, 3B, and 4 are cooled. In particular, as described above, the refrigerant evaporating temperature in the refrigeration evaporators 12A and 12B can be matched to the refrigerant evaporating temperature in the refrigeration evaporator 16 to cool the inside of the refrigeration cases 3A and 3B as much as possible. Thereby, it becomes possible to realize fail-safe at the time of such abnormality.

（６）圧縮機故障時の制御
次に、圧縮機８が故障して停止した場合、冷凍機コントローラ３１は電磁弁１１を開放すると共に、各コントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂ、４４に圧縮機故障発生データを送信する。冷凍ケースコントローラ４４は冷凍機コントローラ３１から係る圧縮機故障発生データを受信すると、引き続き昇圧機２１を運転すると共に、電磁弁１９を開放する。一方、冷蔵ケースコントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂは電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂを交互に開閉する。また、電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂを開いたときの弁開度を所定ステップ縮小若しくは所定の低い値に絞り、そこにおける冷媒の蒸発温度を冷凍用蒸発器１６における冷媒の蒸発温度に合わせる。 (6) Control at the time of compressor failure Next, when the compressor 8 fails and stops, the refrigerator controller 31 opens the electromagnetic valve 11 and stores the compressor failure occurrence data in each controller 37A, 37B, 44. Send. When receiving the compressor failure occurrence data from the refrigerator controller 31, the refrigeration case controller 44 continues to operate the booster 21 and opens the electromagnetic valve 19. On the other hand, the refrigeration case controllers 37A and 37B open and close the electric expansion valves 13A and 13B alternately. Further, the valve opening degree when the electric expansion valves 13A and 13B are opened is reduced by a predetermined step or reduced to a predetermined low value, and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant is matched with the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigeration evaporator 16.

これにより、昇圧機２１から吐出された冷媒は電磁弁１１を通り、凝縮器９で凝縮され、分流して電磁弁１４Ａ、１４Ｂ、１８を通過し、各電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１７で絞られた後、各蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１６に流入するようになる。そして、冷凍用蒸発器１６を出た冷媒は昇圧機２１に戻り、冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂを出た冷媒は電磁弁１９を通って昇圧機２１に戻るようになる。   As a result, the refrigerant discharged from the booster 21 passes through the electromagnetic valve 11, is condensed by the condenser 9, is divided and passes through the electromagnetic valves 14 </ b> A, 14 </ b> B, 18, and is throttled by the electric expansion valves 13 </ b> A, 13 </ b> B, 17. Then, it flows into each of the evaporators 12A, 12B, and 16. Then, the refrigerant exiting the freezing evaporator 16 returns to the booster 21, and the refrigerant exiting the refrigeration evaporators 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B returns to the booster 21 through the electromagnetic valve 19.

従って、係る圧縮機８の故障時にも冷媒回路７内には冷媒は循環され、各ケース３Ａ、３Ｂ、４は最低限冷却されるようになる。特に、前述の如く冷蔵用蒸発器１２Ａ、１２Ｂにおける冷媒の蒸発温度を冷凍用蒸発器における冷媒の蒸発温度に合わせ、冷蔵ケースの庫内を少しでも冷却することが可能となる。これにより、係る異常時におけるフェールセーフを実現可能となる。   Therefore, even when the compressor 8 fails, the refrigerant is circulated in the refrigerant circuit 7 so that the cases 3A, 3B, and 4 are cooled at the minimum. In particular, as described above, the refrigerant evaporating temperature in the refrigeration evaporators 12A and 12B can be matched with the refrigerant evaporating temperature in the refrigeration evaporator, so that the inside of the refrigerator case can be cooled as much as possible. Thereby, it becomes possible to realize fail-safe at the time of such abnormality.

特にこの場合は、各コントローラ３７Ａ、３７Ｂは各電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂを交互に開閉、即ち、各電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂのうちの何れかを開き、他を閉じる制御を各電動膨張弁１３Ａ、１３Ｂに対して順次実行することになるので、各冷蔵ケース３Ａ、３Ｂに容量の小さい昇圧機２１から冷媒循環を行わせる状況に陥ったときに、各冷蔵ケース３Ａ、３Ｂを少しでも満遍なく冷却することが可能となる。   Particularly in this case, the controllers 37A and 37B alternately open and close the electric expansion valves 13A and 13B, that is, control one of the electric expansion valves 13A and 13B to open and close the other. , 13B are executed sequentially, so that when the refrigerant is circulated from the booster 21 having a small capacity to the refrigeration cases 3A, 3B, the refrigeration cases 3A, 3B are cooled evenly evenly. It becomes possible to do.

尚、実施例では冷蔵ケースを２台のみ示したが、更に多くの冷蔵ケースが設置された場合にも本発明は有効である。また、実施例ではショーケースの冷却制御について説明したが、それに限らず、冷蔵庫や空調機にも本発明は有効である。更に、実施例で示した各値はそれに限定されるものでは無く、使用状況は機器の能力に応じて適宜決定すればよい。   In the embodiment, only two refrigeration cases are shown, but the present invention is also effective when more refrigeration cases are installed. Moreover, although cooling control of the showcase has been described in the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is also effective for refrigerators and air conditioners. Furthermore, each value shown in the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the usage status may be appropriately determined according to the capability of the device.

本発明の冷却装置の冷媒回路図である。It is a refrigerant circuit figure of the cooling device of the present invention. 図１の冷却装置の電気回路のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the electric circuit of the cooling device of FIG.

１ 冷却装置
３Ａ、３Ｂ 冷蔵ケース
４ 冷凍ケース
６ 冷凍機
７ 冷媒回路
８ 圧縮機
９ 凝縮器
１２Ａ、１２Ｂ 冷蔵用蒸発器
１３Ａ、１３Ｂ、１７ 電動膨張弁
１６ 冷凍用蒸発器
２１ 昇圧機
３１ 冷凍機コントローラ
３７Ａ、３７Ｂ 冷蔵ケースコントローラ
４４ 冷凍ケースコントローラ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cooling device 3A, 3B Refrigeration case 4 Refrigeration case 6 Refrigerator 7 Refrigerant circuit 8 Compressor 9 Condenser 12A, 12B Refrigeration evaporator 13A, 13B, 17 Electric expansion valve 16 Refrigeration evaporator 21 Booster 31 Refrigerator controller 37A, 37B Refrigerated case controller 44 Refrigerated case controller

Claims (2)

圧縮機と、凝縮器と、冷凍用電動膨張弁及び冷蔵用電動膨張弁と、冷凍ケースの庫内を冷却する冷凍用蒸発器及び冷蔵ケースの庫内を冷却する冷蔵用蒸発器とを備え、前記凝縮器を経た冷媒を分流し、一方は前記冷凍用電動膨張弁を介して前記冷凍用蒸発器に流入させ、他方は前記冷蔵用電動膨張弁を介して前記冷蔵用蒸発器に流入させ、前記冷凍用蒸発器から出た冷媒と前記冷蔵用蒸発器から出た冷媒とを合流させて前記圧縮機に吸い込ませると共に、前記冷凍用蒸発器から出た冷媒を、前記冷蔵用蒸発器から出た冷媒と合流させる以前に昇圧させる昇圧機と前記各電動膨張弁の弁開度を調整して前記各蒸発器における冷媒の過熱度を制御する制御装置とを設け、該制御装置は、前記圧縮機若しくは昇圧機が故障した場合、前記冷蔵用電動膨張弁の弁開度を縮小させることを特徴とする冷却装置。 A compressor, a condenser, an electric expansion valve for refrigeration and an electric expansion valve for refrigeration, an evaporator for refrigeration for cooling the interior of the refrigerator case, and an evaporator for refrigeration for cooling the interior of the refrigerator case, The refrigerant that has passed through the condenser is divided, one flows into the refrigeration evaporator via the refrigeration electric expansion valve, the other flows into the refrigeration evaporator through the refrigeration electric expansion valve, The refrigerant from the refrigeration evaporator and the refrigerant from the refrigeration evaporator are combined and sucked into the compressor, and the refrigerant from the refrigeration evaporator is discharged from the refrigeration evaporator. A booster that boosts the pressure before joining the refrigerant, and a control device that controls the degree of superheat of the refrigerant in each evaporator by adjusting the valve opening degree of each electric expansion valve. If the compressor or booster fails, the refrigeration motor Cooling apparatus characterized by reducing the opening degree of the expansion valve. 複数台の前記冷蔵ケースと各冷蔵ケースの庫内をそれぞれ冷却する複数の前記冷蔵用蒸発器及び冷蔵用電動膨張弁を備え、前記制御装置は、前記圧縮機が故障した場合、前記各冷蔵用電動膨張弁のうちの何れかを開き、他を閉じる制御を各冷蔵用電動膨張弁に対して順次実行することを特徴とする請求項１の冷却装置。 A plurality of the refrigeration cases and a plurality of the refrigeration evaporators and the electric expansion valves for refrigeration for cooling the inside of the respective refrigeration cases, respectively, and the control device is configured for each refrigeration when the compressor fails. 2. The cooling device according to claim 1, wherein control for opening any one of the electric expansion valves and closing the other is sequentially performed on each electric expansion valve for refrigeration .
JP2003423192A 2003-12-19 2003-12-19 Cooling system Expired - Fee Related JP4497915B2 (en)

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JP2005180815A (en) 2005-07-07
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