JP4492639B2 - Combine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine.

In Patent Document 1 known in the art, a rotary steering operation tool is provided in the operation unit of a freely movable work vehicle that changes the course to the right when rotated to the right and changes the path to the left when rotated to the left. The configuration is described.
JP-A-57-83215

  In the known example, the side clutch is engaged / disengaged by rotating the steering operation tool. Therefore, it is difficult to know how much the clutch is to be engaged / disengaged, and a delicate operation is unexpectedly difficult. In other words, when operating a steering wheel while driving on an asphalt road surface, the driving conditions are good, so the driving direction can be corrected accordingly even if the steering wheel is turned slightly. However, since the response to the operation is slow, there is a problem that a so-called switch back operation amount increases without knowing it and a hunting phenomenon occurs and the operability is low.

  Further, there is a problem that it is troublesome to rotate the steering operation tool even with slight direction correction.

The present invention provides a traveling device (3) having a pair of left and right crawlers (2) below the machine body frame (1), and a threshing device (4) above the machine body frame (1). A cutting portion (5) is provided on the front side of 4), and an operating portion (10) is provided on the lateral side of the takeover conveying device (9) that takes over the conveying cereal of the cutting portion (5) to the threshing device (4). In a combine, a traveling hydraulic continuously variable transmission (42) and a turning hydraulic continuously variable transmission are used in a transmission case (12) that drives the left and right wheel shafts (30, 30) of the traveling device (3). (40) is provided and said provided the operation unit (10) in the driver's seat (59) side of the wheel unit (21) a linearly formed rotation-operated steering operating tool (16), hydraulic for turning The rotational output of the continuously variable transmission (40) is adjusted by the rotational operation of the steering operation tool (16). And can be configured,該操countercurrent operation device (16) for either right or left 90 degrees rotation operation to the said rotational operation direction side of the side clutch (13) is sincerely, steering operating tool (16) to the left or right When the rotation operation is performed between 90 degrees and 360 degrees, the wheel shaft (30) on the rotation operation direction side is decelerated to turn, and the turning radius of the turning operation tool (16) increases as the turning operation amount increases. When the steering operation tool (16) is rotated more than 360 degrees to either the left or right in a state where the spin turning is turned on by operating an operation tool different from the steering operation tool (16) , the left and right wheel shafts ( 30 and 30) are reversely rotated with respect to each other, and are provided with a course changing means (17) capable of correcting the direction of the airframe left and right without rotating the steering operation tool (16). Twist of the steering operation tool (16) When the course changing means (17) is operated during the operation, the turning operation of the steering operation tool (16) is prioritized over the operation of the course changing means (17) and the hydraulic stepless for turning. The transmission (40) is rotated and output to change the course , and a turning lever (57) is provided upright at the center of the steering operation tool (16). The steering operation tool (16) When the lever and the lever (57) are operated in the same direction, the control unit sets which operation of the steering operation tool (16) and the lever (57) is to be prioritized and this priority relationship. The combine is characterized in that the engine can be switched by a changeover switch and the engine is stopped when an operation contrary to the steering operation tool (16) and the lever (57) is performed. It is.

According to the present invention, the rotational operation direction of the steering operation tool ( 16 ) and the traveling direction coincide with each other, so that the operation is easy, and it is difficult to make a subtle direction correction in the rotational operation of the steering operation tool ( 16 ). However, it is possible to reliably recognize the start of the course change and the end of the course change by operating the course changing means ( 17 ) provided in the steering operation tool ( 16 ) , and the course changing operation can be easily and reliably performed. In particular, it is not necessary to operate the steering operation tool ( 16 ) when correcting a slight direction, so there is no trouble, and the steering operation tool ( 16 ) and the course changing means ( 17 ) are used together. Can be improved.

Also, even if erroneous operation course change means (17) during the rotational operation of the steering operating tool (16), priority is given to rotating operation of the steering operating tool (16) than the operation該進path changing means (17) In this respect, the operability can be improved.
Further, since the spin turning can be turned on and off by operating a switch different from the steering operation tool (16) to prevent the spin turning due to an erroneous operation, the steering operation tool (16) can be easily rotated. be able to.

A straight line when the combine, is often operated steering operating tool (16) in a posture worker standing wheel part of the driver's seat (59) side of the steering operation member (16) and (21) By forming it into a shape, the worker in the standing working posture and the steering operation tool ( 16 ) can hardly interfere with each other, and the operability can be improved. Further, the space between the driver's seat ( 59 ) and the steering operation tool ( 16 ) is widened, and the work space is widened.
Then, when the steering operation tool (16) and the lever (57) for turning operation provided upright at the center of the steering operation tool (16) are operated in the same direction, the steering operation is performed. It is possible to switch with the changeover switch which operation of the tool (16) and the lever (57) is prioritized, and the operation opposite to the steering operation tool (16) and the lever (57) can be performed. If so, the engine can be stopped.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a combine body frame, a traveling device 3 having a pair of left and right crawlers 2 is provided below the body frame 1, and a threshing device 4 is disposed above the body frame 1. The cutting part 5 is provided on the front side of the threshing device 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a weed body of the cutting unit 5, reference numeral 7 denotes a pulling device that causes the chopped culm, reference numeral 8 denotes a cutting blade, and reference numeral 9 denotes a takeover conveying device that takes over the conveyed culm to the threshing device 4. An operation unit 10 is provided on the side of the take-up transport device 9, and the cabin 11 is formed by surrounding the operation unit 10.

  Thus, the traveling device 3 transmits the rotation of the engine to the transmission case 12, and at least the left and right side clutches 13 and the left and right brakes 14 are provided in the transmission case 12, and one of the left and right side clutches 13 is connected (disconnected). ) To correct the traveling direction, and further, the brake is turned by the brake 14 on the side where the side clutch 13 is disengaged, and the operation in the traveling direction is performed by a substantially circular rotary steering operation tool 16. In addition, the left and right side clutch 13 can be connected / disconnected by a direction correction switch 17 provided on the steering operation tool 16.

  That is, when the steering operation tool 16 is rotated by a predetermined amount, the side clutch 13 on the rotational direction side is disengaged, and when the steering operation tool 16 is further rotated, the steering operation tool 16 is rotated by the brake 14 and rotates in the straight traveling state. If the direction correction switch 17 is operated without any change, one of the left and right side clutches 13 is disconnected to correct the traveling direction (FIG. 4). Although not shown, the left / right route changing means (direction correction switch) 17 is connected to an actuator such as a solenoid or a hydraulic cylinder that operates a shifter for connecting / disconnecting the left / right side clutch 13.

  The steering operation tool 16 is provided with an upper end of a handle shaft 19 at a central boss portion 18, the handle shaft 19 is rotatably mounted on the machine body side, and the spoke portion 20 protruding radially is projected to the boss portion 18. The base portion is fixed, and the tip of the spoke portion 20 is fixed to the inner periphery of the circular wheel portion 21. The left / right course changing means 17 may be provided anywhere on the steering operation tool 16, but is provided in the spoke portion 20 to improve operability.

  Although the steering operation tool 16 is not illustrated, it is preferable to provide a center return spring so that the steering operation tool 16 is in a straight traveling state when the hand is released. Further, when the display unit 22 indicating the rotation amount of the steering operation tool 16 is provided at an arbitrary position of the operation unit 10, the operation of the steering operation tool 16 is facilitated. Although the spoke portion 20 and the wheel portion 21 are not shown, the outer periphery of a metal core is formed by covering a synthetic resin such as urethane, and the core is connected to the wiring of the circuit of the left and right route changing means 17. Although you may use for a part, the specific switch structure of the left-right course change means 17, a circuit, etc. are arbitrary and are not limited to an Example.

  FIG. 5 shows the mission case 12, 23 is an input shaft for inputting the rotation from the engine by a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST), 24 is a sub-transmission shaft, Reference numeral 25 denotes a driving gear fixed to the auxiliary transmission shaft 24, 26 denotes a side clutch shaft, and 27 denotes a center gear fixed to the side clutch shaft 26 that is always meshed with the driving gear 25. The left and right side clutch 13 is constituted by the clutch pawl and the clutch pawl provided on the side clutch gear 28 provided on the left and right sides of the center gear 27. Further, left and right fixed drums 29 are provided on the left and right transmission cases 12 of the side clutch shaft 26, and a rotating disk that rotates together with the side clutch gear 28 is slidably contacted with a fixed disk provided in the left and right fixed drums 29. Thus, the left and right brakes 14 are configured. That is, the side clutch gear 28 moves in the axial direction to engage and disengage the clutch and perform the brake operation.

  Further, the mission case 12 is turned by rotating the inner side of the left and right wheel shafts 30 at a predetermined rate with respect to the outer side of the turning, and rotating by rotating the rotation directions of the left and right wheel shafts 30 opposite to each other. It is configured to be capable of spin rotation, 31 is a mild spin axis, 32 is a clutch for spin / mild on / off, 33 is a mild spin deceleration axis, 34 is a deceleration axis that transmits rotation to the mild spin deceleration axis 33, 35 is a mild spin switching gear provided slidably in the center of the mild spin shaft 31, 36 is a mild passive gear, 37 is a spin passive gear, and the mild spin switching gear 35 is shifted by a shifter (illustrated). And is engaged with either the mild passive gear 36 or the spin passive gear 37, and the spin turn and mile. It switched to a turn.

  In this case, the turning radius decreases in the order of turning by turning off the side clutch 13, mild turning, braking turning by the brake 14, and spin turning. The left and right side clutch 13 is disengaged by the operation to correct the traveling direction.

  Note that the operation method of the steering operation tool 16 is arbitrary. For example, when the steering wheel 16 is rotated by a predetermined amount, the side clutch 13 on the rotation direction side is disengaged, and when it is further rotated, the brake 14 decelerates and then enters mild spin. Turn off the clutch 32. Next, when the steering operation tool 16 is further rotated, the mild spin on / off clutch 32 is disengaged and the brake 14 is locked and the brake is turned, and when further rotated, the brake 14 is unlocked. Spin with the mild spin on / off clutch 32 engaged. Further, a separate switching unit may be provided to switch between spin and mild turning and brake turning.

  FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of another transmission structure, in which the rotation of the motor 41 of the mild-spinning hydraulic continuously variable transmission 40 is transmitted to the mild spin shaft 31 for brake braking and mild turning. In this configuration, spin rotation is performed. That is, in addition to the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) 42 that rotates and inputs to the input shaft 23, the mild spin hydraulic continuously variable transmission 40 is provided to provide a mild spin hydraulic continuously variable transmission. The transmission 40 is input to the pump 44 from the auxiliary transmission shaft 24 and is transmitted from the pump 44 to the motor 41 from the normal rotation to the reverse rotation through the rotation stop and performs each turn. Therefore, the operation mechanism can be simplified and reliably operated, and the transition of brake braking, mild turning, and spin turning can be smoothly performed to improve running stability.

  FIG. 7 shows an example of the circuit of the embodiment of FIG. 6, wherein 46 is a steering wheel turning switch for connecting and disconnecting the left and right side clutches 13 when the steering operation tool 16 is operated, and 47 is an automatic direction (ACD) control switch. , 48 are solenoids, and the left and right side clutches 13 are connected / disengaged via the solenoid 48 by either of them.

  FIGS. 8 and 9 show a second embodiment of the shape of the steering operation tool 16, and the wheel portion 21 on the driver's seat 59 side is formed in a linear straight portion 49. That is, in the case of a work machine such as a combine machine, the steering operation tool 16 is often operated in a posture where an operator stands, and the operability is improved by preventing the working posture and the steering operation tool 16 from interfering with each other. It has been made. In addition, the space between the driver's seat and the steering operation tool 16 is widened to widen the work space. Similarly, FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the shape of the steering operation tool 16.

Further, since the steering operation tool 16 is not operated when going straight, it is effective.
Therefore, on the premise of the configuration of the steering operation tool 16 and the left / right course changing means 17, a switch panel is provided in a fixed manner in the center of the steering operation tool 16 (FIG. 11), and the automatic direction control switch 50 is provided on the switch panel. Various switches such as an automatic handling depth control switch 51, an automatic cutting height control switch 52, an automobile body horizontal control switch 53, an automobile speed control switch 54, a cutting clutch / threshing clutch on / off switch 55, and a light lighting switch 56 are arranged. Let The switch panel may be provided with a control display (meter panel / monitor).

  By providing a fixed switch panel in the center of the steering operation tool 16, not only can the space be used effectively, but it is arranged in a space sandwiched between the left and right hands that operate the steering operation tool 16. Will also improve. The combine operation unit 10 is provided with a large number of meters, levers, and switches. However, a part of the operation unit 10 is arranged in the center of the steering operation tool 16 to widen the operation space of the other operation units 10. it can.

Accordingly, a power steering lever (lever for turning operation) 57 is provided at the central portion of the steering operation tool 16 so as to stand up so as to protrude upward without moving in position with respect to the rotation of the steering operation tool 16. The power steering lever 57 secures two operation paths to provide a fail-safe function, and the power steering lever 57 standing upwards facilitates operation in a standing posture. Further, on the top end surface portion of the power steering lever 57, a switch 58 such as a vehicle body up / down and tilt is provided to further improve operability.

  In the above embodiment, the steering operation tool 16 priority or the power steering lever 57 priority is set in advance by the control unit, the priority can be switched by the changeover switch, and the steering operation tool 16 and the power steering lever 57 are configured. When the operation is in conflict, stop running (including engine stop), and in either case, when one of them becomes inoperable, it is configured to be operable by the other, In addition, when the steering operation tool 16 and the power steering lever 57 are operated in the same direction, the control unit 16 sets the steering operating tool 16 priority or the power steering lever 57 priority in advance, and the priority is switched by the changeover switch. It is configured so that it can be configured, or it is configured so that priority is given to the one with the larger operation amount. In addition, when the steering operation tool 16 and the power steering lever 57 are operated in the same direction, it is preferable to give priority to the one with the smaller turning radius because the operator's intention can be reflected.

  Accordingly, an aircraft forward switch and an aircraft reverse switch are provided at arbitrary positions such as the steering operation tool 16 or the switch panel in the vicinity of the left / right course changing means 17, and the operability can be improved by moving forward or backward while continuing to hold down. To improve. In other words, since the forward or backward movement is performed by one operation, the operability is improved.

  In the operation method of the steering operation tool 16, the side clutch 13 is disengaged when rotated by 90 °, and when rotated by 90 ° to 180 °, the rate of driving rotation is gradually reduced according to the amount of rotation, and the turning radius is reduced. It is configured such that a mild turn is performed, a brake turn is made to gradually reduce the turn radius in accordance with the amount of rotation between 180 ° and 360 °, and a spin turn is performed when rotated 360 ° or more. Therefore, the four types of turns can be used properly only with the round steering operation tool 16, and the operability is improved. In addition, when driving on the road, a separate switch for turning on / off the spin turn is provided to prevent erroneous operation.

Next, the operation will be described on the premise that turning by turning off the side clutch 13, mild turning, braking turning by the brake 14, and spin turning is possible.
When the steering operation tool 16 of the operation unit is rotated by a predetermined amount, for example, in the right direction, the right side clutch 13 on the rotation direction side is disengaged and the aircraft is caused to travel in the right direction.

Further, when the steering operation tool 16 is further rotated to the right side, the vehicle is decelerated by the right brake 14 and the turning radius is made smaller than that when the side clutch 13 is disengaged, so that the aircraft travels in the right direction.
Further, when the steering operation tool 16 is further rotated to the right side, the right mild spin on / off clutch 32 is engaged while releasing the right brake 14, and the right wheel shaft 30 that is inside the turning with respect to the outside of the turning is moved. The vehicle turns mildly while rotating at a predetermined rate with respect to the left wheel shaft 30 outside the turning.

  Next, when the steering operation tool 16 is further rotated to the right side, the entered mild spin on / off clutch 32 is disengaged, the brake 14 is locked, and the brake turns. Further, when the steering operation tool 16 is further rotated, after the lock of the brake 14 is released, the mild spin on / off clutch 32 is engaged to perform the spin turn.

  Since the steering operation tool 16 is provided with the left / right course changing means 17, the side clutch 13 is disengaged when the left / right course changing means 17 is pushed when the steering operation tool 16 is in the straight traveling state. Then, the course is changed to the cut-off side, and then the left / right course changing means 17 is released, the side clutch 13 is engaged and the aircraft is moved straight. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably recognize the start and end of the course change by operating the left / right course changing means 17, thereby facilitating and ensuring the course changing operation. In other words, the rotation operation of the steering operation tool 16 reduces the turning radius when the rotation amount is increased. Therefore, the course can be easily changed by rotating the steering operation tool 16 in accordance with the turning of the aircraft. On the other hand, in the case of a subtle course change, if the steering operation tool 16 is rotated in the opposite direction, the course change width becomes large and so-called hunting is reduced. When it is performed by means 17, it becomes easier to speak.

  In addition, during the rotation operation of the steering operation tool 16, it may be possible to accidentally touch the left / right course changing means 17, and in this case, priority is given to the operation of the steering operation tool 16 (on / off of the left / right course changing means 17). Ignore), giving priority to the operator's operation and improving operability. Further, the operation of the left / right course changing means 17 during the automatic direction control may be ignored. It is also possible to provide a control unit and travel by comprehensively determining the amount of rotation of the steering operation tool 16, the travel state, the travel speed, and the like.

  In the embodiment of another transmission configuration shown in FIG. 6, the rotation of the mild-spinning hydraulic continuously variable transmission 40 is transmitted to the mild-spin shaft 31. Therefore, the mild-spinning hydraulic continuously variable transmission is used. 40 can change the angle of the swash plate of the pump 44, decelerate from the forward rotation, stop the rotation of the mild spin shaft 31 like the brake lock, and then transmit the reverse rotation. Therefore, when the side clutch 13 is turned on and off by the left and right course changing means 17 to change the course slightly, and the steering operation tool 16 is rotated, the side clutch 13 is turned off, mild turning, brake lock turning, spin turning and turning radius. The configuration and control to be reduced in this order can be simplified, and it becomes possible only by the operation of the steering operation tool 16 and the left / right course changing means 17 and the operability is improved. In addition, since the speed is smoothly changed from the forward rotation to the reverse rotation, the transition to the brake braking, the mild turning, and the spin turning is facilitated, and the running stability is improved.

  Thus, in the work such as the combine, it is troublesome to adjust the weeding body 6 of the cutting unit 5 to the culm row in the field, but a subtle direction correction is possible by the operation of the left and right course changing means 17, Improve operability and workability. Further, when the weeding body 6 is fitted to the strip, the steering operation tool 16 may be operated in a posture in which the operator stands, but in the embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 9, the shape of the steering operation tool 16 is operated. Since the wheel portion 21 on the side of the seat 59 is formed in the straight portion 49, the operator can look into the front further, facilitating the work.

The side view of a combine. The front (plane) figure of a steering operation tool and a course change means. Operation explanatory drawing of a steering operation tool and a course change means. The front view of a display part. Schematic diagram of the deployed state of the mission case. FIG. circuit diagram. The other Example figure of a steering operation tool. The same side view. The other Example figure of a steering operation tool. The other Example figure of a steering operation tool. FIG. Top view of power steering.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airframe frame 2 Crawler 3 Traveling device 4 Threshing device 5 Mowing part 6 Weeding body 7 Pulling device 8 Cutting blade 9 Takeover conveyance apparatus 10 Operation part 11 Cabin 12 Mission case 13 Left and right side clutch (side clutch)
14 Left-right brake 16 Steering operation tool 17 Direction correction switch (course changing means)
18 Boss portion 19 Handle shaft 20 Spoke portion 21 Wheel portion 22 Display portion 23 Input shaft 24 Sub-transmission shaft 25 Drive gear 26 Side clutch shaft 27 Center gear 28 Side clutch gear 29 Left and right fixed drum 30 Left and right wheel shaft 31 Mild spin shaft 32 Mild spin on / off clutch 33 Mild spin reduction shaft 36 Mild passive gear 37 Spin passive gear 40 Mild spin hydraulic continuously variable transmission 41 Motor 42 Hydraulic continuously variable transmission 44 Pump 46 Handle turning switch 47 Automatic direction control switch 48 Solenoid 49 Straight section 50 Automatic direction control switch 51 Automatic handling depth control switch 52 Automatic cutting height control switch 53 Auto body horizontal control switch 54 Auto speed control switch 55 Cutting clutch・ Threshing clutch on / off switch 6 Light lighting switch 57 Pawasutereba - (lever for turning operation)
58 Switch 59 Driver's seat

Claims (1)

A traveling device (3) having a pair of left and right crawlers (2) is provided below the body frame (1), a threshing device (4) is provided above the body frame (1), and the front side of the threshing device (4) In the combine provided with the operation part (10) on the lateral side part of the takeover conveying device (9) for providing the cutting part (5) to the threshing device (4) The transmission case (12) that drives the left and right wheel shafts (30, 30) of the traveling device (3) includes a traveling hydraulic continuously variable transmission (42) and a turning hydraulic continuously variable transmission (40). the provided, the operation unit (10) in the driver's seat (59) side of the wheel unit (21) a linearly formed rotation-operated steering operating tool (16) is provided, HST for turning A structure in which the rotation output of the device (40) can be adjusted by rotating the steering operation tool (16). And then,該操countercurrent operation device (16) for either right or left 90 degrees rotation operation to the said rotational operation direction side of the side clutch (13) is earnestly, 90 ° steering operation member (16) to the left or right To 360 °, the wheel shaft (30) on the rotational operation direction side is decelerated and turned, and the turning operation amount of the steering operation tool (16) increases , and the turning radius becomes smaller . When the steering operation tool (16) is rotated more than 360 degrees to either the left or right in a state where the spin turning is turned on by operating an operation tool different from the steering operation tool (16) , the left and right wheel shafts (30, 30, 30) are rotated in the opposite directions and spin-turned, and provided with a course changing means (17) capable of correcting the direction of the aircraft from side to side without depending on the rotating operation of the steering operation tool (16). During the rotation of the operation tool (16) When the path changing means (17) is operated, the turning of the steering operation tool (16) is prioritized over the operation of the course changing means (17), and the hydraulic continuously variable transmission for turning ( 40) is rotated and output to change the course , and a lever (57) for turning operation is provided upright at the center of the steering operation tool (16), and the steering operation tool (16) and the lever ( 57) is operated in the same direction, the control unit sets which operation of the steering operation tool (16) and the lever (57) is to be prioritized and switches this priority relationship. The combine is characterized in that the engine is stopped when an operation opposite to the steering operation tool (16) and the lever (57) is performed .

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