JP4488802B2 - Wall greening method and wire tensioning device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for greening a wall in which a wall of a factory or a building or a wall such as a wall is mainly covered with a plant.

  In addition to rooftop greening, wall greening has been proposed as part of the improvement of the urban living environment, such as the prevention of urban warming and the rise in carbon dioxide concentration. For wall greening, traditionally, ivy plants are planted directly on the wall surface, or plants are entangled in a net attached to the wall surface. Moreover, as the greening structure of the wall surface, there are overwhelmingly many methods (Patent Documents 1 and 2) of stacking and pasting vegetation blocks.

JP 2003-319719 A JP 2004-27774 A

  The conventional method of letting the ivy plant grow directly on the wall surface does not grow in the direction that the ivy thinks, or because the ivy grows in close contact with the wall surface, it stains the wall and deteriorates the wall due to humidity. is there. A method of stretching a net on a wall and entwining a vine plant on the wall is also performed, but a method of fixing the net uniformly is difficult, and it is easy to flutter or be damaged by wind. Instead, a method has been proposed in which a support member is fixed to a wall surface, a wire is stretched between the support members, and a vine plant is entangled with the wire. In the method using wires, it is easy to arbitrarily adjust the stretching direction and range according to the wall surface to be greened, it can prevent fluttering by wind by applying strong tension to the wires, and it is much more durable than the net There are advantages such as high appearance, good appearance of the exposed tension until the plant grows, and easy removal.

  However, in the case of a wire, it takes time to attach the tension of multiple wires almost uniformly, or if the tension of each wire is excessively increased, the overall force acting on the wall increases, When the strength of the wall surface material is insufficient, such as in the case of an ALC wall, the wall may be destroyed, or the support member may be deformed in a strong RC wall. Furthermore, the wall surfaces of the ALC panels in factories and the like can be rotated to some extent in the in-plane direction between the ALC panels in parallel to the steel frame so that they are not destroyed by shaking such as an earthquake. It is attached so that it can move to some extent between the lower floor and the upper floor. In this case, the amount of displacement is small, but if the wire is stretched across multiple panels or if the wire is stretched between the upper and lower layers, the wall will be There is a risk of destruction. Actually, there is a high possibility that the amount of displacement is absorbed to some extent due to the elongation of the wire, but this measure is not actively taken in the conventional wire system.

In addition, a non-rusting material such as stainless steel is preferable from the viewpoint of durability. However, since the surface of such a material is smooth, there is a surface unsuitable for plant fixation, such as a typhoon. Plants entangled in winds that are stronger than expected may fall off the wall.
With this invention, with regard to greening of the wall surface using a wire, the tension of the wire can be adjusted to be almost constant, and the construction method and structure in which the tension exceeding the setting does not act on the wall as a whole, and the work of applying tension to the wire is simple Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a construction method and structure having a short construction time as a whole, a wire tensioning structure capable of coping with interlayer deformation of a wall surface, and a wire tensioning device for achieving this.

[Wire tensioning device]
It comprises a wire, a first hardware for attaching one end of the wire, a second hardware for attaching the other end of the wire, and a support member on one end and the other end attached to the wall surface. It is assumed that a tension cushion spring that engages one end of the wire with the first hardware and a washer that receives the tension cushion spring, the washer having a positioning protrusion on the lower surface. The wire has a through hole for leading the wire to the other end side. A through hole into which the protrusion of the washer is fitted is formed in the one end side support member.

  By determining the tension within a range in which the cushion is effective by the tension cushion spring, it is possible to prevent a large unevenness in tension between the plurality of wires. When the position of the wire on the first support member is determined, the position of the washer with respect to the support member can be determined easily and clearly by fitting the protrusion of the washer into the through hole of the support member.

There is a case where the tension cushion spring of the first hardware and a portion where one end of the wire engages with the tension cushion spring is accommodated in the cylinder, and the bottom of the other end of the cylinder is closed by the washer. When one end of the tension cushion spring or the wire is concealed in the cylinder and the wire tensioning operation is completed, the appearance of the tensioned state is improved.
When the wire body is attached to the support member, the wire body may be attached directly to the support member or by a hooking member such as a hook provided on the one end side ceiling of the tube body. In this case, it is preferable that the support member has a shape similar to an eyebolt so that the hook can be easily engaged.

A window is provided in the cylinder, and the compression amount of the tension cushion spring is made visible (for example, a red mark appears when the compression amount is appropriate), and the wire tension has reached the set value. A display structure may be provided.
The second hardware to which the other end of the wire is attached may also be provided with a hooking member for the support member. It is easy to attach the other end of the wire. Such attachment of both ends of the wire by the hooking member is convenient because it is easy to attach the wire at a place where there is no risk of dropping or mischief.

The second hardware preferably has a wire tightening function. By temporarily stretching the wire and then adjusting the tension of the wire using the tightening function, the tension of the wire can be easily set.
It is further preferable that the wire tightening mechanism is a one-way chuck that prevents return to one end side. By simply tensioning the wire and then pulling the wire toward the second hardware, it is possible to maintain the tension of the wire without performing an operation of sequentially fixing the amount of dragging each time the wire is pulled. For this reason, the time required for the stretching work can be shortened.

[Greening structure]
Two or more one end and other end support members are fixed to the greening area of the wall surface, and a wire is attached between the one end support member and the other end support member with a tension cushion spring interposed therebetween. . For attachment to the support member, it is preferable to use the first and second hardwares.
The tension cushion spring keeps the tension of each wire almost constant, and prevents the tension from becoming excessive or excessive. When a wire is stretched between multiple panels or between multiple layers, even if the wall panel rotates or moves between layers, the displacement is absorbed by the cushion performance, and the wall surface is destroyed and the support member is deformed. To prevent. Moreover, it is excellent also in the recoverability when a displacement returns.
A wire in which a weather-resistant wire is wound around and fixed to a spiral in the longitudinal direction may be used as the wire. The plant grows upward, and the plant itself is reliably entangled with the wire, making it difficult for the plant to fall off the wire even in strong winds. The weather-resistant wire is a resin-coated wire or wire, or a resin wire or string. These mutual fixations are based on the use of an adhesive or an integral coating.

[Greening method]
In constructing the above structure, a first hardware having a tension cushion spring that engages one end of the wire is used, and a second hardware having a one-way chuck that prevents the wire from returning. . Then, one end of the wire is attached to the first hardware and supported by the one end side support member, and then the other end of the wire is inserted into the second hardware supported by the other end side support member and engaged with the one-way chuck. . Next, the wire is moved from one end side to the other end side and fixed with a one-way chuck. Hand pulling is performed until the set tension is reached. Specifically, the display device of the first hardware is used.

Since it is easy to position the wire with respect to the support member and it is easy to apply and fix the tension to the wire, the construction time of the wall greening work is shortened.
The tension of the wire has a cushioning property, and it is easy to stretch the wire with the set tension.
Even if the panel is stretched on the wall surface where the interlayer movement is expected, the cushioning property absorbs the rotation and movement, and the wall surface is not broken or the support member is not deformed.
It looks good when the installation is completed.

One end of the wire is engaged with the tension cushion spring, and this is accommodated inside the cylinder of the first hardware, and the wire is led out from the washer portion at the bottom of the other end of the cylinder. The washer portion has a protrusion on its lower surface, and this portion is positioned by being engaged with a through hole of one end side support member fixed to the wall surface. The other end of the wire is handled, and the other end of the wire is temporarily fixed by being bitten by a one-way chuck attached to the other end side support member. Subsequently, the wire is pulled close so as to compress the tension cushion spring of the first hardware, tension is applied until the display device of the first hardware reaches a set value, and the state is held by the one-way chuck.
The support member, the first hardware, the wire, and the second hardware constitute a wire tensioning device.

  FIG. 1 shows a wall surface 2 of a factory 1, and a steel frame 3 (FIG. 2) and a plurality of ALC panels (lightweight cellular concrete panels) 4 indicated by broken lines in FIG. It is. Reference numeral 5 denotes a wall surface greening structure, and a wire 6 is stretched. In the wire 6, a plurality of horizontal wires 6a are stretched across a plurality of panels arranged in parallel, and a vertical wire 6b is stretched between a plurality of layers. Reference numeral 7 denotes a vine-like green plant. In addition, when the wire 6 becomes long, what was connected in the middle may be used.

  FIG. 2 schematically shows the basic structure of the ALC panel and the wire tension state, and FIG. 4 shows a specific example thereof. An ALC panel 4 (hereinafter, panel 4) is attached to the steel frame 3. Each panel 4 is attached so as to be able to rotate and move between the layers by a well-known structure so as to cope with the shaking at the time of an earthquake (see FIG. 3). On the outer surface of the panel 4, a first hardware 10 on one end side and a second hardware 11 on the other end side are used using a support member 8 on one end side (upper side) and a support member 9 on the other end side (lower side). The wire 6b is attached. Reference numeral 12 denotes an intermediate support member.

  Each of the support members 8, 9 and 12 includes a fixing member 13 and an angle member 14 which are fixed through the ALC panel 4, and the angle member 14 is attached to the fixing member 13 with a bolt 15 at a vertical portion. Through holes 16 are formed at predetermined intervals when the wire 6b is stretched. In this embodiment, the fixing member 13 also serves as a spacer for maintaining a distance from the wall surface, and also serves as a joint for connecting the angle member 14 in the longitudinal direction. It is convenient if the length of the fixing member 13 can be adjusted.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the first hardware 10 is provided with a tension cushion spring 19 in the form of a wound spring in a cylindrical body 18 in a form in which the one end side ceiling portion 17 is closed, and a wire One end side of 6b (washer part) is engaged with the upper surface side of the tension cushion spring 19. The bottom end 20 on the other end side of the cylindrical body 18 is closed by a washer 21. The washer 21 is fixed integrally with the cylindrical body 18. The washer 21 has a circular protrusion 22 on the lower surface side, and a wire 6b passes through the center of the washer 21. The diameter of the protrusion 22 is substantially matched with the through hole 16 provided in the horizontal portion of the angle member.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the wire 6b is formed by coating a wire main body 23 formed by twisting stainless steel wires with a highly weather-resistant resin such as nylon, and is similarly weather-resistant to a thin metal core material (wire, wire). A flexible and flexible resin-coated wire 24 is spirally wound, and these are integrated by adhesion, heat fusion, or further coating. The reason for winding in a spiral is to make it easy for the plant to wind and to prevent the plant from falling off. There is no.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the second hardware 11 has a chuck structure in which a chuck claw 26 and a spring 27 that constantly pushes the chuck claw 26 upward are provided inside the cylinder 25. A release member 28 is attached to the portion so as to be movable up and down, and a bolt portion 29 projects from the lower surface on the other end side. A through hole is formed in each of the release member 28 and the bolt portion 29, and the other end of the wire 6 b penetrates the second hardware 11. That is, the second hardware 11 is a one-way chuck, and the wire 6b inserted from above can be moved downward, but cannot be pulled out as it is unless the release member 28 is pushed downward. . The second hardware 11 is fixed by screwing the nut 30 from below through the bolt portion 29 through the horizontal portion of the angle member 14.

  With the above configuration, the upper and lower support members 8 and 9 are fixed to the panel 4, and then the other end of the wire 6b is provided in the horizontal portion of the angle member 14 with the first hardware 10 attached to one end of the wire 6b as the upper side. The circular protrusion 22 of the bottom 20 on the other end side of the upper first hardware 10 is fitted into the through hole 16. As a result, the position of one end of the wire 6b is easily determined. The upper first hardware 10 need not be particularly fixed to the angle member 14. When the other end of the wire 6b is inserted into a second metal piece 11 (one-way chuck) attached to the lower angle member 14 and pulled downward, the wire 6b is sequentially moved toward the second metal piece 11 by the amount of the hand drawn. , Keep going. When the hand pulling is continued and the wire 6b becomes elastic, the tension cushion spring 19 stops when it is compressed to a medium level.

This operation is repeated for a plurality of wires 6a and 6b. However, each operation is simple because the other end of the wire 6a or 6b is inserted into the second metal piece 11 and then the wire is drawn. The operation is the same for the horizontal wire 6a. During this operation, to determine the tension of the wire 6a or 6b, as shown in FIG. 6, when the tension is not applied to the wire 6b, it is applied to the portion 35 located inside the cylindrical body 18 of the first hardware 10. It is convenient to attach the instruction mark 36 with a tape.
That is, the display structure 37 is configured such that the indication mark 36 appears from the bottom of the other end side of the cylindrical body 18 when the wire 6b is pulled close and the tension cushion spring 19 is compressed moderately.

As a result, the tensions of the wires 6a and 6b do not become excessive or small, and an excessive force more than the set value does not act on the wall surface. Conversely, since the tension is weak, the wires are not loosened and unsightly. Further, even if the panel rotates or moves between layers on the wall surface, it is absorbed by the tension cushion spring 19 disposed on one end side of each wire 6a, 6b, and the panel is distorted due to the wall greening structure. Absent.
Note that the crossing portions of the vertical and horizontal wires 6a and 6b may be coupled by the coupling member 38 (FIG. 4) to prevent wind-induced blurring or sag.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment, which is different from the first embodiment in the structures of the upper and lower support members 31, 32 and the first hardware 33 and the second hardware 34. In this embodiment, the fixing member 13 of the support member 8 has an eyebolt shape and also serves as a spacer. Further, the upper first hardware 33 is provided with a hook 39 on the one end side ceiling portion 17 of the cylindrical body 18 in which the one end side of the wire 6 b and the tension cushion spring 19 are accommodated, and is hooked on the fixing member 13. The lower second metal piece 34 is a similar one having a structure of a one-way chuck, but is provided with a sandwiched hook 40 at the bottom 20 on the other end side.
In such a structure, since the attachment of the one end part and the other end part of the wire 6b is due to the engagement, it is possible to work quickly.

  FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment, which is different from the first embodiment in the structure of the upper first hardware 10. In the third embodiment, the cylindrical body 18 in which one end of the wire 6b and the tension cushion spring 19 are housed has the one end side ceiling portion 17 as a screw cover 41 with a flange, and is structured to be removable. In addition, the first hardware 10 is engaged with the angle member 14 by the screw lid 41 by the cylindrical body 18 itself being fitted into the through hole 16 provided in the horizontal portion of the angle member 14.

Although the embodiment has been described above, the first hardware 10 may be provided with the washer 21 and the tension cushion spring 19, so that the cylinder 18 may not be provided but only the washer 21 may be provided.
Not only the wall of the ALC panel structure but also a structure in which the support members 8 and 9 are directly attached to a wooden wall, an RC wall, or a steel frame may be used. Therefore, the present invention can be applied not only to factories but also to buildings, fences, slopes and other wall surfaces. In the case of an RC wall, an RC anchor is driven into the wall and fixed, and a fixing member is attached thereto. When fixing to the steel frame, the angle member 14 or the like is directly fixed by welding, and the first and second hardware 10 and 11 are attached thereto.
Although the case where the wires 6a and 6b are stretched vertically and horizontally has been described, the wire 6a and 6b is not limited to be vertically and horizontally stretched, and may be an oblique orthogonal shape or the like.
Although the thing of the one-way chuck mechanism was illustrated as the 2nd metal fitting 11 provided with the drawing function, even if it is a mechanism like a turn buckle, a swage bolt and a nut, as the 2nd metal fitting 11 provided with the drawing function. Good. The second hardware having the one-way chuck mechanism is one of the second hardware 11 having a drawing function.

Schematic perspective view of wall surface with wall greening structure Side view showing basic structure of wall greening structure and partial enlarged view with partial cross section Both a and b are schematic front views showing the movement of the panel. The perspective view which shows the tension state of a wire Perspective view showing first hardware, wire and second hardware (partially omitted) Perspective view showing display structure Side view showing basic structure of wall greening structure and partial enlarged view with partial cross section (Example 2) Partial enlarged view (part 3) of a partial cross section of the first hardware

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Factory 2 Wall surface 3 Steel frame 4 ALC panel 5 Wall surface greening structure 6 Wire 6a Horizontal wire 6b Vertical wire 7 Tree planting 8 Support member (top)
9 Support member (bottom)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 1st metal object 11 2nd metal object 12 Intermediate support member 13 Fixing member 14 Angle member 15 Bolt 16 Through-hole 17 One end side ceiling part 18 Cylindrical body 19 Tension cushion spring 20 The other end side bottom part 21 Washer 22 Projection part 23 Wire main body 24 Wire material 25 Cylinder 26 Chuck Claw 27 Spring 28 Release Member 29 Bolt Part 30 Nut 31 Support Member (Upper, Example 2)
32 Support member (bottom)
33 First hardware (Example 2)
34 Second metal fitting 35 Part of wire 36 Instruction mark 37 Display structure 38 Connecting member 39 Hook (upper)
40 hook (bottom)
41 Screw cap with flange

Claims (10)

  It consists of a wire, a first hardware for attaching one end of the wire, a second hardware for attaching the other end of the wire, and a support member on one end and the other end attached to the wall surface, and the first hardware is a tension for engaging one end of the wire. A washer for receiving a cushion spring and a tension cushion spring is provided. The washer has a projecting part for positioning on the lower surface and a through hole for leading out the wire. A wire tensioning device, wherein a through hole is formed and a wire is tensioned between a support member using a first hardware and a second hardware.   The tension cushion spring of the first hardware and the portion where one end of the wire is engaged with the tension cushion spring are accommodated in the cylinder, and the bottom of the other end of the cylinder is closed by the washer and integrated. The wire tensioning device according to claim 1.   A first metal fitting for attaching one end of the wire, a second metal fitting for attaching the other end of the wire, and a support member attached to the wall surface, and the first metal hardware is provided with a tension cushion spring for engaging one end of the wire. The part where one end of the spring and the wire engages with the tension cushion spring is placed in the cylinder, and the bottom part on the other end side of the cylinder is closed by drawing out the wire, and is pulled to the support member on the ceiling part on the one end side of the cylinder. A wire tensioning device characterized in that a hanging member is fixed and a wire is stretched between a support member using a first hardware and a second hardware.   The wire tensioning device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a display structure indicating that the tension cushion spring is within a set compression amount range is provided on the cylindrical body.   The wire tensioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second hardware includes a hooking member for the support member.   The wire tensioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second hardware has a wire tightening function.   The wire tensioning device according to claim 6, wherein the wire tightening mechanism is a one-way chuck that prevents return to one end side.   The wire tensioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the wire is formed by winding a weather-resistant wire around the circumferential surface of the wire main body in a spiral manner in the longitudinal direction.   Two or more one end side and other end side support members are fixed to the greening target region of the wall surface, and a wire is used between the one end side support member and the other end side support member using the first hardware and the second hardware. A construction method in which a tension cushion spring that engages one end of the wire is used as the first hardware, and a one-way chuck that prevents the wire from returning is used as the second hardware. Then, one end of the wire is attached to the first hardware and supported by the one end side support member, and then the other end of the wire is inserted into the second hardware supported by the other end side support member and engaged with the one-way chuck. After that, the wall greening method is characterized in that the wire is moved from one end side to the other end side and fixed with a one-way chuck to maintain the set tension.   10. The wall surface greening method according to claim 9, wherein the wire is formed by winding a weather-resistant wire around the circumference of the wire body in a spiral in the longitudinal direction.

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