JP4487409B2 - Turbine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a turbine, and is used, for example, in a turbocharger.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-8777, as shown in FIG. 5, a housing 61, a fluid inlet 62 formed in the housing 61, a rotor 63 engaged with the housing 61, and a housing 61 are formed. A turbine having first and second fluid passages 65 and 66 that supply fluid introduced into the housing 61 from the inlet 62 to the rotor 63 and communicate with each other via the communication passage 64 is applied to the variable capacity turbocharger. It is disclosed as an example. Here, the inner scroll as the first passage 65 and the outer scroll as the second passage 66 have the same capacity, or the latter has a smaller capacity. As a result, there are cases where the variable capacity range (variable output range) of the turbine cannot be obtained sufficiently. The fluid is introduced into the second passage 66 by opening the on-off valve 67.
[0003]
In order to increase the variable capacity range, for example, the capacity of the outer scroll may be made larger than the capacity of the inner scroll. However, the opening / closing direction of the on-off valve 66 is along the radial direction of the turbine 63, and the fluid that has entered the outer scroll from the fluid inlet 62 flows through the outer scroll in a turbulent state as shown in FIG. Therefore, there is a problem that the fluid does not flow well from the outer peripheral scroll to the inner peripheral scroll through the communication path 64 and the turbine output is not improved as expected.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to allow a fluid to flow efficiently from one fluid passage to the other fluid passage in a turbine having a plurality of fluid passages.
[0005]
First technical means for solving the above-housing, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet formed in said housing, a rotor engaged freely the housing relative rotation, is formed in the housing, the fluid from the fluid inlet is supplied to the rotor, a first fluid passage and second fluid passage communicating with each other via a communication passage, it is disposed in the housing, the fluid first that flows from the fluid inlet An on-off valve that switches to supply to at least one of the fluid passage and the second fluid passage, and the on-off valve has a valve portion and a rotation shaft that rotatably supports the valve portion, The axial direction of the rotating shaft extends in a direction intersecting with the axial direction of the rotor .
[0006]
The second technical means for solving the above problem is that the axial direction of the rotating shaft extends in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotor .
[0007]
A third technical means for solving the above-described problem is that the first fluid passage is an inner peripheral fluid passage and the second fluid passage is an outer peripheral fluid passage .
[0008]
A fourth technical means for solving the above problem is to be used as a component part of a turbocharger .
[0013]
Embodiment
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a variable capacity turbocharger 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. For example, a variable capacity turbocharger 10 used for an engine (not shown) is roughly composed of a turbine 11, a bearing portion 12, and a compressor 13. The turbine rotor 14 accommodated in the housings 21 and 22 of the turbine 11 and the compressor rotor 15 accommodated in the housing of the compressor 13 are fixed to both ends of the shaft 16. The bearing unit 12 is provided with a bearing 17 and a lubrication mechanism 18 that rotatably support the shaft 16. For other details of the variable capacity turbocharger, refer to the above-mentioned JP-A-10-8777.
[0014]
The turbine 11 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The housings 21 and 22 divided into two are formed with a fluid inlet 23 and a fluid outlet 24 that communicate with an exhaust system (not shown) of the engine. An inner scroll 25 (first fluid passage / inner fluid passage) and an outer scroll 26 (second fluid passage / outer fluid passage) are formed in the housings 21 and 22 so as to communicate with the inlets and outlets. The fluid is supplied from the fluid inlet 23 to the turbine rotor 14 that engages with the turbine rotor 14 in a relatively rotatable manner. Here, examples of the fluid include high-temperature gas such as engine exhaust gas. The inner scroll 25 and the outer scroll 26 are partitioned by a partition wall 27 provided in the housing 21, and both communicate with each other via a plurality of communication paths 28 provided in the partition wall 27. The on-off valve (fluid switching means / rectifying means) 29 is configured so that the fluid introduced from the fluid inlet 23 into the housings 21 and 22 is supplied only to the inner scroll 25 (in the state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 26 (a state indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 3) is switched so as to be supplied to both housings 21 and 22 so as to be rotatable. The turning direction of the on-off valve 29 is the same as the axial direction of the rotor 14, in other words, a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction or the extending direction of the inner and outer scrolls 25 and 26. Therefore, the fluid flowing into the outer peripheral scroll 26 is given a swirling flow as shown in FIG. Since the lever 32 that mechanically rotates the on-off valve 29 also rotates in the axial direction of the rotor 14, the actuator (not shown) can be disposed in the axial direction of the variable capacity turbocharger, that is, on the compressor 13 side. Harm can be prevented. The on-off valve 29 can be controlled to open / close in accordance with, for example, the engine load status and the required output.
[0015]
The outer peripheral scroll 26 is a twisted portion that generates a spiral flow (swirl flow) 31 shown in FIG. 2 in the fluid flowing in the outer peripheral scroll 26 between the portion immediately downstream of the on-off valve 29 and the immediately preceding portion of the communication passage 28. Rectifying means) 30. That is, the fluid flowing in the outer scroll 26 can easily flow into the inner scroll 25 through the communication path 28 by the action of the on-off valve 29, the action of the twisting portion 30, or both of them synergistically. It will have a radially inward flow component.
[0016]
The operation of the variable capacity turbocharger having the above configuration will be described. When the engine load is low, the on-off valve 29 is closed so that the fluid flows only through the inner scroll 25. That is, the exhaust gas of the engine flows from the fluid inlet 23 through the inner scroll 25 and is discharged from the fluid outlet 24 to the outside after rotating the rotor 14. On the other hand, when the engine load is high, the on-off valve 29 is opened so that fluid flows through both the inner scroll 25 and the outer scroll 26. That is, part of the engine exhaust gas flows through the inner scroll 25 as described above, while another part flows through the outer scroll 26. The exhaust gas flowing into the outer scroll 26 flows into the inner scroll 25 from the communication path 28 as a spiral flow (swirl flow) by the on-off valve 29 and the twisted portion 30, and also rotates the rotor 14 to produce fluid. It flows out from the outlet 24 to the outside. The rotation of the rotor 14 is transmitted to the compressor rotor 15 via the shaft 16, and air in an intake pipe (not shown) of the engine is supercharged by the rotating compressor rotor 15 to the engine.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a variable capacity turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view of the turbine in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of the turbine in FIG.
4 is a view showing a flow of fluid in an outer peripheral scroll 26 of the variable capacity turbocharger in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a variable capacity turbocharger in the prior art.
6 is a diagram showing a flow of fluid in an outer peripheral scroll 66 of the variable capacity turbocharger in FIG. 5. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Turbine 14 ... Rotor 21, 22 ... Housing 23 ... Fluid inlet 24 ... Fluid outlet 25 ... Inner circumference scroll (1st fluid path / inner circumference side fluid path)
26 ... 2nd fluid passage (2nd fluid passage / outer peripheral side fluid passage)
28 ... Communication passage 30 ... Twisted part (rectifying means)

Claims (4)

A housing;
A fluid inlet and a fluid outlet formed in said housing,
A rotor engaged to be relatively rotatable with the housing,
Is formed in the housing, the fluid from the fluid inlet is supplied to the rotor, a first fluid passage and second fluid passage communicating with each other via a communication passage,
An on-off valve disposed in the housing and configured to switch the fluid flowing in from the fluid inlet to at least one of the first fluid passage and the second fluid passage;
The on-off valve is composed of a valve portion and a rotation shaft that rotatably supports the valve portion,
A turbine extending in a direction intersecting with an axial direction of the rotor . The turbine according to claim 1, wherein an axial direction of the rotation shaft extends in a direction orthogonal to an axial direction of the rotor . It said first fluid passage is an inner circumferential side fluid passage, turbine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second fluid passage Ru outer peripheral side fluid passage der. Turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 3 that is used as a component of a turbocharger.

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