JP2002138845A - Turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To guide fluid efficiently from one fluid passage to the other fluid passage in a turbine with a plurality of fluid passages. SOLUTION: The turbine feeds fluid to a rotor 14 by means of an inner and an outer scroll 25 and 26 from a fluid inlet 23 formed in a housing. The inner and outer scrolls 25 and 26 are in mutual communication via communicating passages 28, and the outer scroll 26 has a twist portion 30 for providing the fluid with a swirl flow. The fluid flowing in the outer scroll 26 resultantly has a radially inward flow component that helps it to flow into the inner scroll 25 via the communicating passages 28.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turbine, and is used, for example, for a turbocharger.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-8977 discloses a housing 61 and a housing 6 as shown in FIG.
1, a rotor 63 that engages with the housing 61, and a fluid that is formed in the housing 61 and that is introduced into the housing 61 from the fluid inlet 62 and is supplied to the rotor 63 through the communication passage 64. A turbine having first and second fluid passages 65 and 66 communicating with each other is disclosed as an example applied to a variable capacity turbocharger. Here, the capacity of the inner scroll as the first passage 65 and the capacity of the outer scroll as the second passage 66 are the same, or the latter is smaller. As a result, the variable capacity range (variable output range) of the turbine may not be sufficient. The on-off valve 67 is connected to the second passage 66.
The fluid is introduced by opening.

In order to increase the variable capacity range, for example, the capacity of the outer scroll may be made larger than the capacity of the inner scroll. However, the opening / closing direction of the on-off valve 66 is along the radial direction of the turbine 63, and the fluid entering the outer peripheral scroll from the fluid inlet 62 flows through the outer peripheral scroll in a turbulent state as shown in FIG. Therefore, there is a problem that the fluid does not flow well from the outer scroll to the inner scroll via the communication passage 64, and the output of the turbine is not improved as much as expected.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a turbine having a plurality of fluid passages in which a fluid can efficiently flow from one fluid passage to another fluid passage. I do.

[0005]

A first technical means for solving the above-mentioned problems is to provide a housing, a fluid port formed in the housing, a rotor rotatably engaged with the housing, and a housing. A turbine having a first fluid passage and a first fluid passage that supplies fluid to the rotor from the fluid inlet and communicates with each other through the communication passage, a rectifying means is provided in at least one of the first and second fluid passages; That is.

A second technical means for solving the above-mentioned problem is that, in addition to the first technical means, a first and a first means are provided on a housing.
The fluid switching means for switching the fluid supply to the second fluid passage is provided.

A third technical means for solving the above-mentioned problems is that, in addition to the first or second technical means, the first fluid passage is an inner peripheral fluid passage, and the second fluid passage is an inner peripheral fluid passage. That is, the outer peripheral fluid passage is provided.

A fourth technical means for solving the above-mentioned problem is that, in addition to any one of the first to third technical means, the rectifying means is a passage for giving a swirling flow to the fluid. .

A fifth technical means for solving the above-mentioned problem is such that, in addition to any one of the first to third technical means, a fluid has a radially inward flow component by a rectifying means. That is what we did.

A sixth technical means for solving the above problems is that, in addition to any one of the first to fifth technical means, a turbine is used as a component of a turbocharger. is there.

A seventh technical means for solving the above-mentioned problem is that, in addition to any one of the first to sixth technical means, a fluid switching means is provided in a direction in which the first and second fluid passages extend. Is an on-off valve that rotates in the vertical direction with respect to.

An eighth technical means for solving the above-mentioned problem is that, in addition to any one of the first to seventh technical means, a rectifying means is provided in a direction in which the first and second fluid passages extend. On the other hand, it is an on-off valve that rotates vertically.

[0013]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a variable capacity turbocharger 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. For example, a variable displacement turbocharger 10 used for an engine (not shown) is roughly composed of a turbine 11, a bearing unit 12, and a compressor 13. A turbine rotor 14 housed in the housings 21 and 22 of the turbine 11 and a compressor rotor 15 housed in the housing of the compressor 13 are fixed to both ends of a shaft 16. The bearing portion 12 is provided with a bearing 17 and a lubrication mechanism 18 for rotatably supporting the shaft 16. For other details of the variable capacity turbocharger, refer to the aforementioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-8977.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the turbine 11 will be described in detail.
A fluid inlet 23 and a fluid outlet 24 communicating with an exhaust system (not shown) of the engine are formed at 22. The inner peripheral scroll 25 (first fluid passage /
An inner peripheral fluid passage) and an outer peripheral scroll 26 (second fluid passage / outer peripheral fluid passage) are formed in the housings 21 and 22, and the fluid inlet 23 is provided in the turbine rotor 14 which is rotatably engaged with the housings 21 and 22. Is supplying fluid. Here, examples of the fluid include a high-temperature gas such as an exhaust gas of an engine. Inner circumference scroll 25
The outer scroll 26 and the outer scroll 26 are partitioned by a partition wall 27 provided in the housing 21, and both are communicated with each other through a plurality of communication passages 28 provided in the partition wall 27. The on-off valve (fluid switching means / rectifying means) 29 transfers the fluid introduced from the fluid inlet 23 into the housings 21 and 22 only to the inner peripheral scroll 25 (the state shown by a solid line in FIG. 3).
Alternatively, it is switched to supply to both the inner and outer scrolls 25 and 26 (indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 3), and is rotatably supported by the housings 21 and 22. The rotation direction of the on-off valve 29 is the same as the axial direction of the rotor 14, in other words, a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction or the extending direction of the inner and outer scrolls 25 and 26. Therefore, the fluid flowing into the outer peripheral scroll 26 is given a swirling flow as shown in FIG. Since the lever 32 for mechanically rotating the opening / closing valve 29 also rotates in the axial direction of the rotor 14, the actuator (not shown) can be arranged in the axial direction of the variable capacity turbocharger, that is, on the compressor 13 side, and the heat applied to the actuator is reduced. Harm can be prevented. The on-off valve 29
For example, opening and closing can be controlled according to the load condition of the engine and the required output.

The outer peripheral scroll 26 generates a spiral flow (swirl flow) 31 shown in FIG. 2 in the fluid flowing in the outer peripheral scroll 26 between a portion immediately downstream of the on-off valve 29 and a portion immediately before the communication passage 28. Twist part (rectifying means) 30
It has. That is, the fluid flowing through the outer scroll 26 easily flows into the inner scroll 25 through the communication passage 28 by the action of the on-off valve 29, the action of the twist portion 30, or the both acting synergistically. It will have a radially inward flow component.

The operation of the variable-capacity turbocharger having the above-described structure will be described. When the load on the engine is low, the on-off valve 29 is closed so that the fluid flows only through the inner peripheral scroll 25. That is, the exhaust gas of the engine flows through the inner peripheral scroll 25 from the fluid inlet 23 and is discharged from the fluid outlet 24 to the outside after rotating the rotor 14. On the other hand, when the engine load is high, the on-off valve 2
9 is opened to allow the fluid to flow through both the inner scroll 25 and the outer scroll 26. That is, part of the engine exhaust gas is supplied to the inner peripheral scroll 25 as described above.
, While another portion flows through the outer peripheral scroll 26. The exhaust gas that has flowed into the outer scroll 26 becomes a spiral flow (swirl flow) by the on-off valve 29 and the twist portion 30 and flows into the inner circumferential scroll 25 from the communication path 28, and also rotates the rotor 14 to obtain a fluid. It flows out from the outlet 24 to the outside. The rotation of the rotor 14 is transmitted to the compressor rotor 15 via the shaft 16,
The rotating compressor rotor 15 supercharges the air in the intake pipe (not shown) of the engine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a variable capacity turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the turbine shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the turbine in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a flow of a fluid in an outer scroll 26 of the variable capacity turbocharger in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a variable capacity turbocharger according to the related art.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a flow of a fluid in an outer scroll 66 of the variable displacement turbocharger in FIG. 5;

[Explanation of symbols]

11 Turbine 14 Rotor 21, 22 Housing 23 Fluid inlet 24 Fluid outlet 25 Inner peripheral scroll (first fluid passage / inner fluid passage) 26 ..Second fluid passage (second fluid passage / outer peripheral fluid passage) 28 communication passage 30 twist portion (rectifying means)

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A housing, a fluid port formed in the housing, a rotor rotatably engaged with the housing, and a fluid formed in the housing. The fluid is supplied to the rotor from the fluid port, and the fluid is supplied to the rotor through a communication passage. A turbine comprising a first and a second fluid passage communicating with each other, wherein a rectifying means is provided in at least one of the first and the second fluid passages. 2. The turbine according to claim 1, wherein fluid switching means for switching fluid supply to the first and second fluid passages is provided in the housing. 3. The turbine according to claim 1, wherein the first fluid passage is an inner fluid passage, and the second fluid passage is an outer fluid passage. 4. The turbine according to claim 1, wherein the flow straightening means is a passage for giving a swirling flow to the fluid. 5. The turbine according to claim 1, wherein the straightening means causes the fluid to have a radially inward flow component. 6. The turbine according to claim 1, which is used as a component of a turbocharger. 7. The fluid switching device according to claim 1, wherein the fluid switching means is an on-off valve that rotates in a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the first and second fluid passages. The turbine as described. 8. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the rectifying unit is an on-off valve that rotates in a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the first and second fluid passages. Turbine.