JP4474738B2 - Individual communication method by narrow area communication - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an individual communication method for providing information corresponding to a place to each vehicle moving between adjacent antennas by narrow area communication.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a system for exchanging information without contact with a moving vehicle, various systems for collecting tolls on toll roads have been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 05-217041 and 08-287308).
[0003]
FIG. 2 is a layout diagram disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-217041. 2 is a lane, 1 is a vehicle entering the lane, 3 is an in-vehicle device mounted on the vehicle, 4 is a vehicle type discriminating device, A road device (antenna), 6 is a control device that controls transmission / reception of signals between the road device (antenna) and the vehicle-mounted device, 7 is an automatic ticket issuing machine, 8 is a start detection device, and 6b processes data from the control device. A data processing apparatus 6c is a center computer.
[0004]
In this toll collection system, when the vehicle 1 enters, the vehicle type is detected and discriminated by the vehicle type discriminating device 4 and recorded in the memory of the in-vehicle device 3 by wireless communication between the roadside device (antenna) 5 and the in-vehicle device 3. ID information, etc. is read and traffic is automatically issued.
That is, when communicating from a base station to a mobile unit using narrow area communication such as an ID tag or an optical beacon, the base station transmits information to the mobile unit within one communication area. For example, in the automatic toll collection system described above, when detecting the entry of the mobile body (vehicle) into the communication area, the application is notified from the road-side communication control device, and communication with the mobile body is started based on this notification. Thereafter, when the necessary information is exchanged, the application performs a communication disconnection process on the mobile body. If communication fails, the communication process ends when the monitoring timer expires.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described automatic toll collection system (ETC) on toll roads or road traffic information communication systems (VICS: Vehicle Information and Communication systems) that provide traffic information, traffic regulations, parking lot information, etc., for data communication with in-vehicle devices. In addition, narrow area communication using an optical beacon or an antenna has been conventionally applied.
[0006]
However, since the conventional narrow-area communication described above is limited to communication between one antenna and one mobile body (vehicle), it can be applied only to limited applications such as an automatic toll collection system (ETC). It was. Therefore, it is possible to network narrow-area communication between a plurality of antennas and a plurality of vehicles, for example, and provide information according to the location to each vehicle moving between adjacent antennas by narrow-area communication. A possible individual communication method is desired. Such an individual communication method is not limited to a conventional ETC or the like, and various service information can be provided at, for example, a parking lot, a drive-through, a convenience store, or the like.
[0007]
However, in the narrow area communication using an antenna or a beacon, the irradiation range (communication range) is narrow, so that the communication time is restricted, and the following problems occur.
(1) When an attempt is made to transmit information to a mobile unit using a narrow communication area, generally, when the mobile unit enters the antenna irradiation range, the application that handles the entry detection information and provides the information is Immediately start transmitting information to be given at that point. However, because we do not handle the departure information from the antenna irradiation range, depending on the moving speed of the moving body and the radio wave condition, it may pass through the irradiation area before notifying the information, so a large amount of information is notified. There were cases where it was not possible.
(2) In such a case, conventionally, an application performs a data transfer retransmission process within a designated time. Therefore, if there is data left to be transmitted after the mobile body has passed, there will be a problem that a useless message will continue to be sent within the specified time, causing a temporary increase in network load.
(3) Further, for example, when a plurality of antennas are used to provide information corresponding to a place using a plurality of antennas as shown in FIG. 3, a conventional communication method is used. If the vehicle is applied as it is, when a vehicle that has failed in communication enters a new antenna, there is a problem that information to be transmitted by the previous antenna is transmitted.
(4) Further, in high-frequency radio used in narrow area communication, interference due to reflection from the surrounding environment may occur, and disconnection / connection may occur at short intervals. In particular, in the case of communication with a mobile object such as a car, reflection from the casing occurs, and this phenomenon is likely to occur. If the disconnection / connection is notified to the application as it is, the processing chatters, and there is a problem that the CPU load may increase or duplicate transmission may occur.
[0008]
In other words, in conventional narrow area communication, (1) when there is a large amount of communication information with a mobile body or when a plurality of mobile bodies exist in a narrow area communication area, Necessary information may not be transmitted. (2) In the past, communication was retried within a predetermined connection time regardless of the position of the mobile unit. (3) Since it is not possible to manage and manage the real-time entry / exit of a mobile unit to / from multiple antennas, a large capacity is required for a single mobile unit using multiple antennas. It was impossible to transmit data or handle the state of a moving object moving between antennas as needed to provide information according to the location.
[0009]
The present invention has been developed to solve the above-described problems. That is, the object of the present invention is to provide (1) information corresponding to a place to individual vehicles moving between adjacent antennas by narrow area communication, and (2) the passing speed and radio wave of a moving body. Even if it passes through the irradiation area before notifying the communication information depending on the state, it can transmit a large amount of information, and (3) it is possible to prevent an increase in network load due to unnecessary message transmission processing, (4) Even if a vehicle that failed to communicate in a certain irradiation area enters a new irradiation area, information to be transmitted in the previous communication area is not transmitted, and (5) interference due to reflection from the surrounding environment This prevents chattering of signal processing due to, etc., and prevents an increase in CPU load and duplicate transmission. (6) Furthermore, when a large amount of data is transmitted between a base station and a mobile unit using a plurality of antennas. , Start of the communication in real time based on the position information of the movable body, pause, and restarts is to provide a separate communication method according DSRC capable of performing efficient data transmission.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, a plurality of antennas (5) arranged along the path of the mobile body (1) for narrow-area communication with the mobile body, an in-vehicle device installed on the mobile body and installed for each antenna. A plurality of roadside control devices (9) for controlling transmission / reception of signals to / from an antenna, and a general control device (10) for comprehensively managing each roadside control device via a communication line. Narrow-area communication characterized in that information on entry and departure of each antenna of the body into the communication area is detected in real time, and the detected entry information or information of each moving body is communicated in real time to a central control device. An individual communication method is provided.
[0011]
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the entry information and the leave information include a mobile object identifier and an antenna identifier.
[0012]
According to the above-described method of the present invention, information indicating that each mobile body (1) has entered and exited the communication area of each antenna (5) by narrow-area communication is sent to the overall control device (10) via the roadside control device (9). ) Centrally managed by the centralized management application of the centralized control device, and providing information corresponding to each location to multiple mobile units moving in multiple communication areas as needed. it can.
In addition, even when a plurality of mobile objects enter one communication area and the transmission speed changes, it is unnecessary to perform communication based on real-time position information of the mobile object (whether or not it exists in the communication area). The increase in communication traffic due to the re-sending process can be prevented, and the influence on communication of other mobile units can be greatly reduced.
Furthermore, when transmitting a large amount of data between a base station and a mobile unit using a plurality of antennas, it becomes possible to start, pause, and resume communication in real time based on the location information of the mobile unit. Efficient data transmission can be performed.
[0013]
In addition, it is preferable that the notification of the leaving information is performed after the communication disconnection between the antenna and the moving body has continued for a certain time. With this method, if the communication status is unstable, even if disconnection and connection are repeated for a short time, the disconnection notification (notification of disconnection information) is sent with an off-delay, so the central management application performs useless communication processing. This can be prevented.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each figure, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram for implementing the individual communication method of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the system configuration of the present invention includes a plurality of antennas 5, a plurality of roadside control devices 9, and an overall control device 10.
A plurality of antennas 5 (only two are shown in this figure) are arranged along the path of the mobile unit 1 and are adapted to communicate with the mobile unit 1 in a narrow area. This communication is preferably narrow-area communication using an optical beacon or microwave. For example, a 5.8 GHz microwave used in ETC can be used. The communication range by this narrow area communication is called a communication area.
A plurality of roadside control devices 9 (only two are shown in this figure) are installed adjacent to each antenna 5 and transmit / receive signals between the vehicle-mounted device 3 mounted on each mobile body 1 and the antenna 5. Control.
The overall control device 10 performs overall management of each roadside control device 9 via a communication line. The software for comprehensively managing each roadside control device 9 is hereinafter referred to as “overall management application”. In this figure, the communication line is Ethernet, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be a serial line, for example.
[0015]
Between the road-side control device 9 and the communication device (on-vehicle device 3) mounted on the moving body 1, the road-side control device 9 calls the on-vehicle device 3 via the antenna 5, and the on-vehicle device 3 responds to this. Responding to this call is called “polling”, thereby confirming the connection of the line by narrow area communication. In addition, in order to obtain communication reliability, when correct data is received on the receiving side, response data is returned to the transmitting side.
When the line is connected by polling, the roadside control device 9 detects that the mobile object has entered the antenna communication area. Conversely, when the line disconnection by polling continues for a certain time, the roadside control device 9 detects that the mobile object has left the antenna communication area.
[0016]
According to the method of the present invention, the roadside control device 9 detects entry information and departure information of each antenna 5 of each mobile unit 1 into the communication area in real time. Further, the roadside control device 9 communicates the detected entry information or departure information of each mobile unit 1 to the overall control device 10 via a communication line (for example, Ethernet) in real time.
[0017]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
(Necessity of communication connection / connection notification)
When a moving vehicle, a person, or the like communicates in a limited radio wave region (narrow region), the communication must be performed within a limited time depending on the moving body speed. When providing information or giving instructions to a mobile body that sequentially passes through such a narrow communication area, it is necessary to quickly connect / disconnect communication.
The present invention is a method for realizing this rapid connection / disconnection, and notifies the overall management application of the overall control apparatus 10 of “connection notification” and “disconnection notification” information detected by a plurality of antennas.
As a result, when the general management application notifies a large amount of information to the mobile unit 1 using the plurality of antennas 5, it repeatedly starts, pauses, and resumes transfer based on connection and disconnection notifications, and wasteful data transfer It becomes possible not to perform processing.
Further, when the general management application provides information corresponding to the installation location of the antenna 5 or the mobile unit 1, the antenna identifier, mobile unit identifier (ID number, address, etc.) included in the connection / disconnection information, mobile unit information ( Information is provided based on entry and exit. Thereby, it is possible to prevent erroneous information provision and useless transmission processing.
Furthermore, since an off-delay is provided for detection of disconnection at each antenna, it is possible to reduce chattering caused by interference and side lobes, and to prevent a load due to unnecessary communication processing.
[0018]
(Preventing chattering)
In high-frequency radio such as that used in narrow-area communication, interference due to reflection from the surrounding environment may occur, and disconnection / connection may occur at short intervals. In particular, in the case of communication with a mobile object such as a car, reflection from the casing occurs, and this phenomenon is likely to occur. If this disconnection / connection is notified to the application as it is, the processing chatters, and the CPU load may increase or duplicate transmission may occur. Therefore, in the method of the present invention, when the roadside control device detects disconnection, an off-delay is provided so that the disconnection notification is provided unless the disconnection state continues for a certain period of time even if the wireless link in narrow area communication is disconnected and disconnection is detected. Is not to be sent.
With this off-delay function, unnecessary disconnection / connection can be filtered, and processing chattering can be reduced.
[0019]
According to the above-described method of the present invention, the mobile unit 1 moves under a plurality of antennas by centrally notifying the general management application of the central control device 10 of the information that the mobile body 1 enters and leaves each narrow area communication area. It has become possible to provide information on a moving object according to the location at any time. In addition, even when a plurality of mobile objects enter one narrow area communication area and the transmission speed changes, communication is performed based on real-time position information of the mobile object (whether it exists in the communication area). Therefore, an increase in communication traffic due to unnecessary retransmission processing can be prevented, and communication of other mobile units is not affected. In addition, when transmitting a large amount of data between a base station and a mobile unit using multiple antennas, it is possible to start, pause, and resume communication in real time based on the location information of the mobile unit. Efficient data transmission is now possible. Furthermore, when the roadside control device detects the departure of the vehicle, useless communication processing can be prevented by providing an off-delay.
[0020]
In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, Of course, it can change variously in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the individual communication method using the narrow area communication of the present invention, (1) information corresponding to the location can be provided to each vehicle moving between adjacent antennas by the narrow area communication. (2) Even when the communication information passes through the irradiation area before the communication information is notified depending on the passing speed and radio wave state of the mobile body, large-capacity information can be transmitted. A large amount of information can be transmitted using an antenna. At this time, (4) an increase in network load due to unnecessary message transmission processing can be prevented, and (5) a vehicle that has failed to communicate in a certain irradiation area is newly Even when entering the irradiation area, information to be transmitted in the previous communication area is not transmitted, and (6) chattering of signal processing due to interference due to reflection from the surrounding environment is prevented, and the CPU load is increased. Duplicate It is possible to prevent the signal, it is possible to obtain various effects etc.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram for implementing an individual communication method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional communication method using narrow area communication.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram when a conventional communication method is applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 vehicle (moving body), 2 lanes (passage), 3 onboard equipment,
4 vehicle type identification device, 5 roadside device (antenna),
6 control device, 6b data processing device, 6c center computer,
7 automatic ticket issuing machine, 8 start detector,
9 Roadside control device, 10 General control device

Claims (3)

A plurality of antennas (5) arranged along the path of the mobile body (1) for narrow-area communication with the mobile body, and transmission / reception of signals between the antennas mounted on the mobile body and the antennas installed for each antenna. A plurality of roadside control devices (9) for controlling the vehicle, and a general control device (10) for overall management of each roadside control device via a communication line,
The roadside control device detects entry information and departure information of each mobile unit from each antenna in real time, and communicates the detected entry information or departure information of each mobile unit to the overall control device in real time. Individual communication method by narrow area communication characterized by 2. The individual communication method according to claim 1, wherein the approach information and the leave information include a mobile object identifier and an antenna identifier. The individual communication method according to claim 1, wherein the notification of the leaving information is performed after the communication disconnection between the antenna and the moving body continues for a predetermined time.

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