JP4472031B2 - プラグと整形外科インプラント - Google Patents

プラグと整形外科インプラント Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4472031B2
JP4472031B2 JP18465397A JP18465397A JP4472031B2 JP 4472031 B2 JP4472031 B2 JP 4472031B2 JP 18465397 A JP18465397 A JP 18465397A JP 18465397 A JP18465397 A JP 18465397A JP 4472031 B2 JP4472031 B2 JP 4472031B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
plug
component
orthopedic implant
head
cup
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP18465397A
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English (en)
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JPH1099355A (ja
Inventor
エー・フレッド・デカルロ
レダ・ヘウカ
ダリオ・ヴィタリ
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Joint Medical Products Corp
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Joint Medical Products Corp
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0069Three-dimensional shapes cylindrical
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0014Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2250/0019Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in hardness, e.g. Vickers, Shore, Brinell
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00023Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00029Cobalt-based alloys, e.g. Co-Cr alloys or Vitallium

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  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は整形外科インプラントの2個の構成要素を留めるための、好ましくは埋込み(移植)可能な装置の同心カップを連結するための装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
多くの埋込み可能な人工関節は、患者の人工関節を整合し取り付けるために互いに移動できる複数の構成要素を有する。一旦、最適な位置に取り付けられたこれらの構成要素は、次に、その部品が互いに動かないように、互いに留められ、あるいは固定される。例えば、非対称的なライナーが外カップ内で、あるいは外カップに対して回転し、その非対称的なライナーを埋込みに最適な位置に向けることができる。次に、ライナーはピンを使用してシェルあるいはカップに固定される。そのピンは通常、ライナーとカップの共通の又は位置合わせされた溝又は開口でできた孔に差込まれる。ピンが患者の寛骨臼あるいは肩における寛骨臼骨あるいは浅窩骨に接すると、ピンは孔を通してライナーから延び、シェルから出る。
【0003】
そのようなピンは通常、頭部と、孔に挿入できるようにテーパーが付き、ライナーとカップあるいはシェルに接触しながら開くようにばね押しされる洗濯ばさみタイプの遠位部とからなっている。このタイプのピンについての潜在的な不具合の1つは、ばね力がその構成要素に接触しロックするように、ピンが十分に長くなければならないことである。従って、ピンは寛骨臼内に延び、使用の際にはピンが、ばね押し遠位部に対する寛骨臼の骨の力により緩んでしまう。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、互いに移動できる2個の埋込み可能な構成要素を取り付けて互いにその構成要素が緩まないようにまたは動かないようにする手段を提供することが望ましい。また、互いに好ましく位置合わせされた位置に埋込みシステムの同心カップを固定するための手段を提供することも望ましい。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
従って、本発明は、整形外科インプラントの複数の移動可能に係合する構成要素を、選択した最適な位置に固定するためのロックピン(プラグ)を提供する。このプラグは、このプラグの材料より軟らかい材料からなる少なくとも1個の第一構成要素と、この第一構成要素に連結される第二構成要素とを含むインプラントに好適に使用される。2個の構成要素の各々は、他の構成要素の1個の溝あるいは複数の溝に位置合わせ可能な1個の溝、好ましくは、複数の溝を有して1個以上の共通の連続したを形成する。
【0006】
プラグは歯あるいはセレーションを有する頭部(ヘッド)と、その頭部から延び近位部を有する胴部(ボディ)と、中間溝と、円錐円筒状遠位端部とからなる。この円錐円筒状遠位端部はリップを備え、また近位部もリップを備えている。これらのリップの各々は中間部で形成される。これらのリップは、離れた対向する位置軟らかい材料の面に突き当たるように配置され、軟らかい材料の構成要素他のインプラント構成要素とを固定位置に保持する。プラグの2個のリップの特徴によりプラグをよりコンパクトな大きさにすることができ、プラグと連結要素との間でさらなる表面積接触が行なわれる。
【0007】
プラグは、ヒップあるいは肩関節のようなソケットタイプの関節の同心カップで好適に使用され、内カップが外カップに対して共通軸の周りを回転して内カップの角度方位を最適に配置する。インプラントは金属製の外シェルとポリエチレンのような生体適合性ポリマーから作られた内カップからなる。プラグはチタン合金のような金属から作られる。内カップは、外シェル内の溝カップ内の溝で形成した孔に延びる2個のラグを有する。プラグは挿入すると孔にフィットし、プラグの頭部の一リップとセレーションシェルのラグに当たり、シェル内で内カップが回らないようにする。
【0008】
別の実施態様では、中間部にプラグ引き抜き力に抵抗するための面を増加するためのセレーションを備えることができる。これらのセレーションの面はプラグの下リップに代わるもの、あるいは下リップに加わるものでよい。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1ないし図4を参照する。図には本発明の好ましい実施態様のインプラント40とプラグ10が示されている。プラグ10は、外周12にセレーション14を有する頭部(ヘッド)11を含む。プラグ10はさらに、中間凹部18で形成したリップ17を有する近位プラグ部16を備えたプラグ部あるいは胴部15を含む。円錐部19は中間凹部18から末端に延びる。その円錐部19は、中間凹部18が円錐部19と一緒になる場所に形成したリップ20を有する。
【0010】
錐部19は、リップ20からその遠位先端21までテーパーが付いており、インプラント40のライナー42とシェル41で形成した50に入り込む。プラグ10も内部に近位から遠位に延びる隠れた25を有する。この孔25は、内面ねじ26を備え、この内面ねじ山26には、挿入器具60のね山付き先端64が取り付けられる。
【0011】
インプラント40は外側のシェル41と内側のライナー42を有する。シェル41は、チタンあるいはコバルトクロム合金のような金属材料で形成され、ライナー42はポリエチレンのような生体適合性のあるポリマーから作られることが好ましい。ライナー42は、シェル41内に配置されシェル41の内球面43と関節結合がなされる外球面45を有する。
【0012】
シェル41はさらに、そのシェル41の周辺の種々の位置に配置された一連の溝44を備えている。ライナー42もまた、そのライナーの外周辺に延びる一連の溝46備えている。溝44、46は、プラグ10を通す孔50を形成するために位置合わせすることができる。
【0013】
シェル41はライナー42のリッジ47を受けるための第一の溝48も含み、シェル41内の所定位置にライナー42を保持し、シェル41とライナー42の共通軸の周りでライナー42が回転する。シェル41はさらに、第一の溝48上方でライナー42のリッジ47の上方に位置する下ラグ51を回転可能に受けるための第二の溝49も含む。シェル41はまた、このシェル41の溝44に隣接して第二の溝49上方に一部が延びる突起52も備えている。ライナー42は、第二の溝49が突起52で邪魔されないところで下ラグ51を第二の溝49に位置合わせすることによってシェル41内に挿入される。一旦、挿入されると、下ラグ51は、シェル41の内側周辺で回る。下ラグ51は、溝46と溝44が位置合わせされた時、突起52が下ラグ51に係合してライナー42がシェル41から外れたりあるいは上がったりしないように、ライナー42の溝46に隣接している。ライナー42はさらに、溝46に隣接して位置する上ラグ53を含む。上ラグ53は、ライナー42をシェル41内に挿入した時、シェル41の突起52の上に載る。
【0014】
プラグ10は溝44、46で形成した孔50に挿入できる。プラグ10の頭部11には25を通して内面ねじ山26が形成されている。内ねじ山26は、頭部11に、ハンドル61と、合するね山付き先端64を備えた遠位端部62とを有する挿入器具60を取り付ける。この挿入器具60はプラグ10に取り付けられ、プラグ10の円錐先端19は孔50内に挿入される。
【0015】
プラグ10を孔50内に挿入すると、遠位リップ20は下ラグ51に当たり、一方、近位リップ17は孔50内でプラグ10を中心に位置させる。頭部11のセレーション14はライナー42の上ラグ53を留めるか上ラグ53に当たり、プラグ10が緩まないようにする。
【0016】
円錐19の外径と最も太い近位プラグ部16は孔50の内径に略等しく、そのため孔50内にプラグ10をフィットさせることができる。
使用時には、シェル41を寛骨臼のような骨の空洞内に挿入し、ライナー42をシェル41内に入れる。ライナー42のリップ55はライナー42の周囲で種々の角度に配置される。ライナー42は、リップ55が埋込み用に最適な位置に配置されるようにシェル41内でリップ55を回すことによって配置される。この最適なリップ55の位置に最も近い隣接位置で溝44を溝46に位置合わせする。プラグ10をそのような位置合わせで形成した孔50に挿入する。
【0017】
図5を参照する。図では、セレーション114を有する頭部111と、円錐部119を頭部111につなぐ中間溝付き部118を備えた胴部115とを有する別の実施態様が示されている。中間溝付き部118はライナー42をインプラント40のシェル41にかみ合わすためのセレーション122を備えている。
【0018】
この発明は特定の実施態様に関連させて説明しているが、本明細書の請求の範囲から逸脱することなく多数の変形がなされる。
以下本発明の具体的な実施態様を示す。
(A)頭部と、
前記頭部に連結された近位部、円錐円筒状遠位部、及び前記近位部を前記遠位部に連結する中間凹部を有する胴部とからなる整形外科インプラントの少なくとも2個の構成要素を固定するためのプラグであって、
前記中間凹部が前記円錐円筒状遠位端部の遠位リップを形成するプラグ。
(1)前記頭部はさらに、セレーションを有する外周を含む実施態様(A)に記載のプラグ。
(2)前記中間部は前記近位部の近位リップを形成する実施態様(A)に記載のプラグ。
(3)前記中間部はさらに、表面に形成したセレーションを有する外周を含む実施態様(A)に記載のプラグ。
(B)第一硬さを有する第一材料からできた第一構成要素と、
前記第一構成要素に連結される第二構成要素と、
前記第一構成要素と第二構成要素を固定するためのプラグであり、前記プラグが頭部と、前記頭部に連結された近位部、円錐円筒状遠位部、及び前記近位部を前記遠位部に連結する中間凹部を有する胴部とからなるプラグを有する整形外科インプラントであって、
前記中間凹部は前記円錐円筒状遠位端部の遠位リップを形成し、
前記第一構成要素は溝を備え、前記第二要素は溝を備え、前記第一及び第二構成要素の前記溝は共通の孔を形成するのに位置合わせ可能であり、
前記プラグの前記胴部は外径を備え、前記共通の孔は前記胴部の外径に略同様の外径を有し、
前記第一構成要素は、前記孔内に延在する第一ラグと第二ラグを有し、
前記頭部は前記第一ラグに係合可能であり、前記プラグ遠位リップは前記第二ラグと係合可能であり前記第二構成要素に対して前記第一構成要素を固定する整形外科インプラント。
(4)前記頭部はさらに、セレーションを有する外周を含む実施態様(B)に記載の整形外科インプラント。
(5)前記プラグは前記第一構成要素の前記第一硬さより大きな硬さを有する材料からなる実施態様(B)に記載の整形外科インプラント。
【0019】
(6)前記第一構成要素は生体適合性ポリマーからなる実施態様(5)に記載の整形外科インプラント。
(7)前記第二構成要素は金属からなる実施態様(6)に記載の整形外科インプラント。
(8)前記第一構成要素は外凸球面を有する第一カップを有し、
前記第二構成要素は内凹球面を有する第二カップを有し、前記第一球面は前記第二球面と関節結合するように前記第一カップが前記第二カップ内で回転可能であり、
前記プラグを前記内に取り付けると、前記プラグにより前記第一カップが前記第二カップに対して回らない実施態様(B)に記載の整形外科インプラント。
(9)前記第一構成要素はライナーを含み、前記第二カップは寛骨臼シェルを含む実施態様(8)に記載の整形外科インプラント。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、互いに移動できる2個の埋込み可能な構成要素を取り付けることによって互いにその構成要素を緩めず移動させないようにした整形外科インプラントを提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のプラグの仮想線を備えた側面部分断面図。
【図2】寛骨臼シェル(部分断面図)とヒップインプラントのライナーを用いた使用の際での本発明のプラグの側面図。
【図3】寛骨臼シェルとライナーを用いた使用の際での本発明のプラグの分解図。
【図4】カップ内に挿入したプラグを有する図3のプラグとカップの図。
【図5】プラグの別の実施態様の図。

Claims (10)

  1. 整形外科インプラントの少なくとも2個の構成要素を固定するためのプラグ(10)において、
    頭部(11)と、
    胴部(15)と、
    を有し、
    前記胴部は、前記頭部に連なる近位部(16)、円錐筒状の遠位端部(19)、及び前記近位部を前記遠位端部に連ねる中間部(18)を有し、
    前記中間部は、前記近位部及び前記遠位端部に対して凹部となっていて、前記近位部の近位リップ(17)及び前記遠位端部の遠位リップ(20)を形成する、プラグ。
  2. 請求項1のプラグにおいて、
    前記頭部(11)は、セレーション(14)を有する外周(12)をさらに含む、プラグ。
  3. 整形外科インプラントの少なくとも2個の構成要素を固定するためのプラグ(110)において、
    頭部(111)と、
    胴部(115)と、
    を有し、
    前記胴部は、前記頭部に連なる近位部(116)、円錐筒状の遠位端部(119)、及び前記近位部を前記遠位端部に連ねる中間部(118)を有し、
    前記中間部は、表面に形成したセレーション(122)を有する外周をさらに含む、プラグ。
  4. 整形外科インプラント(40)において、
    第一硬さを有する第一材料からできた第一構成要素(42)と、
    前記第一構成要素に連結される第二構成要素(41)と、
    前記第一構成要素と前記第二構成要素を固定するためのプラグ(10)であり、頭部(11)及び胴部(15)を有し、前記胴部は、前記頭部に連なる近位部(16)、円錐筒状の遠位端部(19)、及び前記近位部を前記遠位端部に連ねる中間部(18)を有する、プラグと、
    を有し、
    前記中間部は、前記近位部及び前記遠位端部に対して凹部となっていて、前記近位部の近位リップ(17)及び前記遠位端部の遠位リップ(20)を形成し、
    前記第一構成要素は溝(46)を備えるとともに前記第二構成要素も溝(44)を備え、前記第一構成要素の前記溝及び前記第二構成要素の前記溝は共通の孔を形成するように位置合わせ可能であり、
    前記プラグの前記胴部は外径を有し、前記共通の孔は前記胴部の前記外径と同じ直径を有し、
    前記第一構成要素は、前記共通の孔内に延在する第一ラグ(53)及び第二ラグ(51)を有し、
    前記第一構成要素を前記第二構成要素に固定するために、前記頭部は前記第一ラグと係合可能であり、前記近位リップは前記共通の孔内において前記プラグを中心に位置させるように作用し、前記遠位リップは前記第二ラグと係合可能である、整形外科インプラント。
  5. 請求項4の整形外科インプラントにおいて、
    前記頭部(11)は、セレーション(14)を有する外周(12)をさらに含む、整形外科インプラント。
  6. 請求項4の整形外科インプラントにおいて、
    前記プラグは、前記第一構成要素の前記第一硬さよりも大きな硬さの材料を含む、整形外科インプラント。
  7. 請求項6の整形外科インプラントにおいて、
    前記第一構成要素は生体適合性ポリマーを含む、整形外科インプラント。
  8. 請求項7の整形外科インプラントにおいて、
    前記第二構成要素は金属を含む、整形外科インプラント。
  9. 請求項4の整形外科インプラントにおいて、
    前記第一構成要素は外側の凸状の第一球面を有する第一カップを備え、
    前記第二構成要素は内側の凹状の第二球面を有する第二カップを備え、前記第一カップは前記第一球面が前記第二球面と関節結合するように前記第二カップ内で回転可能であり、
    前記プラグが前記共通の孔内に取り付けられた際に、前記プラグは前記第一カップが前記第二カップに対して回転するのを防止する、整形外科インプラント。
  10. 請求項9の整形外科インプラントにおいて、
    前記第一構成要素はライナー(42)を含み、前記第二カップは寛骨臼シェル(41)を含む、整形外科インプラント。
JP18465397A 1996-06-27 1997-06-26 プラグと整形外科インプラント Expired - Fee Related JP4472031B2 (ja)

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US671230 1996-06-27
US08/671,230 US5755808A (en) 1996-06-27 1996-06-27 Connector plug for multi-component orthopedic implant

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JPH1099355A JPH1099355A (ja) 1998-04-21
JP4472031B2 true JP4472031B2 (ja) 2010-06-02

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US5755808A (en) 1998-05-26
CA2208832C (en) 2005-09-27
CA2208832A1 (en) 1997-12-27
DE69725052D1 (de) 2003-10-30
EP0815808A2 (en) 1998-01-07
EP0815808A3 (en) 1998-09-09
DE69725052T2 (de) 2004-07-08
JPH1099355A (ja) 1998-04-21
EP0815808B1 (en) 2003-09-24

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