JP4470148B2 - Compressor shoe and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a configuration of a shoe interposed between a swash plate and a piston of a compressor, and a manufacturing method thereof.

As a shoe interposed between the swash plate of the compressor and the piston, a central hole is provided in the center of the shaft so that a circular shoe material made of carbon steel or bearing steel has an appropriate width along the radial direction. A method for producing a hollow semi-spherical outer shape by cutting and pressing the cut shoe material is already known (see Patent Document 1). In addition, it is already known to use an aluminum alloy as a material for the shoe material and to form a metal plating film on the surface of the shoe (see Patent Document 2).
JP 2001-263225 A JP 2002-332960 A

  However, in the shoe described in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 12 of Patent Document 1, the opening end portion of the shoe material remains as it forms the peripheral edge portion of the oil retaining hole, and is in sliding contact with the swash plate. Since there is no support means between the substantially flat flat wall portion and the substantially hemispherical curved wall portion that is in sliding contact with the shoe receiving portion of the piston, the strength of the shoe is relative to that of the non-hollow interior. It has a problem of being low.

  Accordingly, the present invention aims to reduce both weight and ensure strength of a compressor shoe formed from a pipe cut to an appropriate size, and to make such a compressor shoe simple and low-cost. The object is to provide a manufacturing method.

  A compressor shoe according to the present invention includes a substantially flat flat wall portion that is in sliding contact with a swash plate, a substantially hemispherical curved wall portion that is in sliding contact with a shoe receiving portion of a piston, and the flat wall. And a support portion erected from the inner surface of the portion to the inner surface of the curved wall portion, and an annular inner space is defined by the outer shape portion and the support portion. 1). The raw material for the shoe for the compressor may be a non-ferrous alloy such as an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy or a magnesium alloy, or an iron alloy such as a bearing steel (SUJ2). Further, the outer portion of the shoe for the compressor may be subjected to a plating treatment such as a DLC film, a NiP film, a NiPB film, a NiPPTFE film, or a tin film as a surface treatment.

  An example of the shoe for a compressor according to the present invention is configured by processing one cylindrical material, and the portions that are the open end portions of the material are abutted when forming the support portion. (Claim 2). The shoe for a compressor having such a configuration is a substantially flat flat surface that is in sliding contact with a swash plate by pressing a cylindrical material into an appropriate width and pressing the material against one side of the opening. After forming the wall portion, the outer portion is formed by pressing a portion other than the flat wall portion of the material in the center direction to form a substantially hemispherical curved wall portion that is in sliding contact with the shoe receiving portion of the piston. Produced by a method including an outer shape forming step and a support portion forming step of forming a support portion by extending the central portion of the flat wall portion and the curved wall portion inward until they abut ( Claim 5). In addition, the manner of abutment in the support portion may be a through-hole formed, a bottomed hole opened to the flat wall portion side, or a curved wall portion side. A bottomed hole may be formed in the bottom.

  Further, when showing another example of the shoe for a compressor according to the present invention, it is configured by processing one cylindrical material, and the parts that were the opening end portions of the material are concerned when forming the outer shape portion. Examples include those that are in contact with the piston and swash plate of the outer shape that are in contact with each other (Claim 3). The shoe for a compressor having such a configuration is a material processing step for cutting a cylindrical material into an appropriate width, and the both side opening end portions of the material are drawn outward, and the both side opening ends of the material are To form an outer shape portion / support portion that forms an outer shape portion composed of a flat portion surface portion and a curved surface portion, and a support portion constructed from the inner side surface of the flat wall portion to the inner side surface of the curved wall portion. (Claim 6). The abutting method may be that the surfaces of the end portions abut against each other completely, or a part of the end corners such as corner portions may abut against each other. Moreover, even if a through-hole is formed in the central portion of the shoe, or a bottomed hole that opens to the flat wall portion side is formed, it opens further to the curved wall portion side. A bottomed hole may be formed.

  Further, a resin may be disposed in the hollow portion in contact with at least the inner surface of the flat wall portion and the inner surface of the curved wall portion. As described above, when the resin is disposed in the hollow portion, in the manufacture of the shoe for a compressor according to claim 2, the resin is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the material (claim 7). . In manufacturing the compressor shoe according to claim 3 to be described later, it is assumed that resin is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the material (claim 8).

  Therefore, according to the present invention, since the compressor shoe can be reduced in weight because it has an annular hollow portion inside, when it is used as a shoe for a variable capacity compressor, the reciprocating inertia force of the piston Therefore, the controllability for the compressor is improved. In addition, since the flat wall surface portion and the curved wall portion forming the outer shape of the shoe for the compressor are connected and supported by the support portion, the strength of the compressor shoe is ensured while reducing the weight. be able to. In addition, since the manufacturing process of these compressor shoes is performed only by pressing and does not go through steps such as welding, the process time for manufacturing the compressor shoes can be shortened and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. it can.

  In particular, according to the invention described in claims 4, 7, and 8, the resin is in the hollow portion of the compressor shoe, one is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the flat wall portion, and the other is in the inner peripheral surface of the curved wall portion. Since it arrange | positions in the state which contact | connected, the intensity | strength of the shoe for compressors can be improved more. Moreover, even if the opening ends of the cylindrical material do not collide with each other and there is a gap, the gap can be closed with resin. I can plan.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  In FIG. 1, a variable capacity swash plate compressor is shown as an example of the compressor. This compressor includes a cylinder block 1, a rear head 3 assembled on the rear side (right side in the figure) of the cylinder block 1 via a valve plate 2, and a front side (left side in the figure) of the cylinder block 1. And a front head 4 assembled so as to be closed. The front head 4, the cylinder block 1, the valve plate 2, and the rear head 3 are fastened in the cylinder axial direction by fastening bolts 5 and constitute a housing for the entire compressor.

  A crank chamber 6 provided by the front head 4 and the cylinder block 1 accommodates a drive shaft 7 having one end protruding from the front head 4. A relay member 9 attached along the axial direction by bolts 8 is fixed to a portion of the drive shaft 7 protruding from the front head 4, and an end portion of the front head 4 is rotatably attached to the relay member 9. The drive pulley 10 that is fitted and connected to the engine of the vehicle via a belt is fixed by means such as screwing. Further, one end side of the drive shaft 7 is rotatably supported by a shaft seal device including a shaft seal 21 provided between the front head 4 and the other end side of the drive shaft 7 is accommodated in the cylinder block 1. The radial bearing 13 and the thrust bearing 14 are rotatably supported.

  The cylinder block 1 is arranged at equal intervals on a circumference around the drive shaft 7 so as to surround the bearing housing chamber 15 for housing the radial bearing 13 and the thrust bearing 14 and the periphery of the drive shaft 7. A plurality of cylinder bores 16 are formed. In each cylinder bore 16, a single-head piston 17 composed of a hollow head portion 17a and a tail portion 17b is inserted so as to be reciprocally slidable. In addition, a shoe receiving portion 17c having a concave curved surface is formed on the head portion 17a and the tail portion 17b of the one-head piston 17 so as to face each other in order to arrange a shoe 26 described later.

  A thrust flange 18 that rotates integrally with the drive shaft 7 is fixed to the drive shaft 7 in the crank chamber 6. The thrust flange 18 is rotatably supported with respect to the front head 4 via a radial bearing 19 and a thrust bearing 20, and the shaft seal between the front head 4 and the front head 4 is supported on the front end side supported by the radial bearing 19. A drive shaft seal chamber 22 for accommodating 21 is formed.

  A swash plate 24 is connected to the thrust flange 18 via a link mechanism 23. The swash plate 24 is swingably mounted around a hinge ball 25 that is loosely fitted to the drive shaft 7, and is rotated integrally with the rotation of the thrust flange 18. The swash plate 24 is moored to the tail portion 17b of the one-headed piston 17 via a pair of shoes 26 provided so that the peripheral edge portion is sandwiched in the front-rear direction. Accordingly, when the drive shaft 7 is rotated, the swash plate 24 is rotated along with this, and the rotational motion of the swash plate 24 is converted into the reciprocating linear motion of the single-headed piston 17 via the shoe 26. Thus, the volume of the compression chamber 27 formed between the single-headed piston 17 and the valve plate 2 in the cylinder bore 16 is changed.

  The valve plate 2 is formed with suction holes 28 and discharge holes 29 corresponding to the respective cylinder bores 16, and the rear head 3 has a suction chamber 30 for containing the working fluid supplied to the compression chamber 27, and a compression A discharge chamber 31 for storing the working fluid discharged from the chamber 27 is provided. The suction chamber 30 is formed in the central portion of the rear head 3, communicates with a suction port (not shown) that communicates with the outlet side of the evaporator, and communicates with the compression chamber 27 through the suction hole 28 of the valve plate 2. Yes. The discharge chamber 31 is continuously formed around the suction chamber 30, communicates with a discharge port 35 that leads to the inlet side of a condenser (not shown), and is connected to the compression chamber 27 via the discharge hole 29 of the valve plate 2. It is possible to communicate with. Here, the suction hole 28 is opened and closed by a suction valve 32 provided on the front side end face of the valve plate 2, and the discharge hole 29 is opened and closed by a discharge valve 33 provided on the rear side end face of the valve plate 2. It has become so.

  In the compressor having such a configuration, when the drive shaft 7 rotates, the rotational force of the drive shaft 7 is transmitted to the swash plate 24 through the thrust flange 18 and the link mechanism 23 to rotate the swash plate 24. Then, the rotation of the swash plate 24 causes the one-head piston 17 to reciprocate through the shoe 26. Further, when the single-headed piston 17 reciprocates in the cylinder bore 16, the volume of the compression chamber 27 changes, and by this volume change, suction, compression and discharge of the working fluid are sequentially performed, and the capacity corresponding to the inclination angle of the swash plate 24. The high-pressure working fluid is discharged from a discharge port (not shown) to a device constituting another refrigeration cycle.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the shoe 26 includes a substantially flat flat wall portion 41 that is in sliding contact with the swash plate 24, and a substantially hemispherical curved wall portion 42 that is in sliding contact with the shoe receiving portion 17c. And a support portion 44 connecting the flat wall portion 41 and the curved wall portion 42, thereby forming an annular hollow portion 45 inside the shoe 26. Has been.

  Here, the shoe 26 may be made of a non-ferrous alloy such as an aluminum alloy, a titanium alloy, or a magnesium alloy, or may be made of an iron-based alloy such as bearing steel (SUJ2). Moreover, the coating layer 53 may be formed on the surface of the outer portion 43 of the shoe 26 by performing plating treatment such as DLC coating, NiP coating, NiPB coating, NiPPTFE coating, and tin coating as the surface treatment. .

  The support portion 44 is formed by abutting open end portions 49, 49 of a pipe-shaped material 48, which will be described later. In FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the support portion 44 is axially formed inside. Although it is a cylindrical body in which a through passage 46 extending along the pipe is formed, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 2C, the flat wall portion 41 of the support portion 44 is formed on the curved wall portion 42 side of the support portion 44 by narrowing the opening end portion 49 in the radial direction and closely contacting the inner side surface. It is good also as what has the bottomed hole 47 opened only in the side along an axial direction. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), on the flat wall 41 side of the support portion 44, the opening end portion 49 is squeezed in the radial direction to closely contact the inner surface, thereby supporting the support portion 44. It is good also as what has the bottomed hole 47 opened only in the curved wall part 42 side along an axial direction.

  With such a configuration of the shoe 26, the flat wall portion 41 and the curved wall portion 42 that mainly define the hollow portion 45 are supported by the support portion 44 while having the hollow portion 45 inside. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both weight reduction and securing of strength for the shoe 26.

  An example of a manufacturing method of the shoe 26 shown in FIG. 2A will be outlined below with reference to FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), one pipe-shaped (cylindrical) material 48 is cut into appropriate dimensions. Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, the opening end portion 49 on one side of the cut material 48 is squeezed inward by pressing. The portion that is recessed inside is a portion that is a base on one side of the support portion 44. Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, the flat wall portion 41 is formed by pressing. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3D, the portion from the end side of the flat wall portion 41 to the other opening end portion 49 side is pressed so as to be substantially hemispherical, thereby bending A wall 42 is formed. In this case, the open end 49 is not completely closed, and a small hole 50 is opened. Then, as shown in FIG. 3 (e), the element on the other side of the support portion 44 is formed by performing press working and bending the peripheral portion of the hole 50 of the opening end portion 49 inward. Finally, the support portion 44 is formed by, for example, pressing the portion that is the base of the support portion 44 so as to be further extended inwardly. Thereafter, surface treatment is performed to form the above-described coating layer 53. Thereby, a shoe 26 as shown in FIG. 2A is formed. As described above, the outer shape portion 43 and the support portion 44 of the shoe 26 are formed only by pressing, and the steps such as welding are not performed. Therefore, the process time for manufacturing the shoe 26 is shortened and the manufacturing cost is reduced. Is possible.

  As the material 48 of the shoe 26, as shown in FIG. 4A, a material made of a resin 55 layer on the inner surface may be used. When the shoe 26 is manufactured using such a material 48 through the steps shown in FIG. 4A to FIG. 4E, as shown in FIG. The shoe 26 in which the resin 55 is disposed at least in contact with the inner surface of the flat wall portion and the inner surface of the curved wall portion can be formed. In the manufacturing method of the shoe 26 shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (e), the formation itself of the outer portion 43 and the support portion 44 will be described as FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (e). Since the method is the same as that described above, the same reference numerals are used and description thereof is omitted. Although not shown, the shoe 26 may be formed by using a material 48 filled with a resin 55 without gaps. By using the shoe 26 in which the resin 55 is disposed in the hollow portion 45 as described above, the strength of the shoe 26 is further improved because it is in contact with the inner surface of the flat wall portion 41 and the inner surface of the curved wall portion 42. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 4 (f), it is possible to fill the space between the flat wall portion 41 and the curved wall portion 42 with the resin 55 even when the ends of the support portions 44 do not abut each other.

  Next, a manufacturing method different from the previous manufacturing method of the shoe 26 will be outlined below with reference to FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 5A, one pipe-shaped (cylindrical) material 48 cut at an appropriate size is prepared. It is preferable to use a material having a smaller diameter than the material 48 of FIG. 3A described above, such as the inner diameter of the material 48 being equal to the inner diameter of the through-passage 46 of the shoe 26, for example. Then, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the material 48 is spread by performing press work toward the outside from the opening edge portions 49 on both sides. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 5C, the flat wall 41 is formed from one opening end of the material 48 to a predetermined range, and the curved wall 42 is formed from the other opening end of the material 48 to the predetermined range. Thus, the portion that has not been spread out becomes a cylindrical support portion 44. Even with this shoe manufacturing method, the outer shape portion 43 and the support portion 44 of the shoe 26 are formed only by pressing, and the steps such as welding are not performed. Therefore, the process time for manufacturing the shoe 26 is shortened and the manufacturing cost is reduced. Reduction is possible. Moreover, since the outer shape portion 43 and the support portion 44 are simultaneously formed in one process, the manufacturing process can be further simplified. In addition, about the structure similar to previous embodiment, such as the hollow part 45 and the membrane | film | coat layer 53, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and abbreviate | omitted.

  Although the shoe 26 is manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the surfaces of the open end portions do not completely abut each other in the manufacturing process, and the corners thereof project. You may make it hit. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6B, in the manufacturing process, a bottomed hole 47 opened only on the flat wall portion 41 side may be formed by closing and closing one opening portion of the material 48. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6C, in the manufacturing process, the other opening portion of the material 48 may be closed and closed to form a bottomed hole 47 opened only on the curved wall portion 42 side. In addition, about the structure similar to the previous embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and it abbreviate | omits.

  Furthermore, instead of the material 48 in FIG. 5A, a material 48 in which a resin 55 is formed on the outer peripheral surface may be used as shown in FIG. 7A. 5B, as shown in FIG. 7B, a flat wall is formed in the hollow portion 45 of the shoe 26 by appropriately spreading the material 48 outward from the opening end portion thereof. Resin 55 is disposed in contact with the inner surface of the portion 41 and the inner surface of the curved wall portion 42. By using the shoe 26 in which the resin 55 is disposed in the hollow portion 45 as described above, the strength of the shoe 26 is further improved.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the compressor. FIG. 2 shows a shoe for a compressor, FIG. 2 (a) is an overall cross-sectional view of the compressor, and FIGS. FIG. 3 (a) to 3 (e) are explanatory views showing an outline of the manufacturing process of the compressor shoe shown in FIG. 2 (a). 4 (a) to 4 (f) are explanatory views showing an outline of a process in the case where a synthetic resin is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical member as a raw material with respect to the compressor shoe manufacturing process of FIG. is there. FIGS. 5A to 5C are explanatory views showing an outline of a process for manufacturing a compressor shoe by a method different from the manufacturing process shown in FIGS. FIGS. 6A to 6C are cross-sectional views of the entire configuration showing a modification of the compressor shoe manufactured in the manufacturing process of FIG. FIGS. 7A to 7C are explanatory views showing an outline of a process in the case where a synthetic resin is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical member as a raw material in the manufacturing process of the compressor shoe of FIG. .

Explanation of symbols

17 Piston 17c Shoe receiving portion 24 Swash plate 26 Shoe (Compressor shoe)
41 Flat wall portion 42 Curved wall portion 43 External portion 44 Support portion 45 Hollow portion 48 Material 49 Open end portion 55 Resin

Claims (8)

An outer shape portion configured by a substantially flat flat wall portion that is in sliding contact with the swash plate, a substantially hemispherical curved wall portion that is in sliding contact with the shoe receiving portion of the piston, and an inner surface of the flat wall portion from the inner surface of the flat wall portion. A compressor shoe comprising: a support portion erected over an inner surface; and an annular inner space defined by the outer shape portion and the support portion. The compression according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical material is processed and processed, and the portions that are the open end portions of the material are in contact with each other when forming the support portion. Machine shoe. Formed by processing one cylindrical material, and the parts that were the open ends of the material hit each other at the part that does not slide against the piston and swash plate of the external part when forming the external part The shoe for a compressor according to claim 1, wherein 4. The shoe for a compressor according to claim 1, wherein a resin is disposed in the hollow portion in contact with at least an inner surface of the flat wall portion and an inner surface of the curved wall portion. . A material processing step of cutting a cylindrical material into an appropriate width;
A substantially flat flat wall portion slidably contacting the swash plate is formed by pressing against the one opening side portion of the material, and then a portion other than the flat wall portion of the material is pressed in the center direction to receive the shoe of the piston. Forming a contour portion by forming a substantially hemispherical curved wall portion that is in sliding contact with the portion; and
And a support portion forming step of forming a support portion by extending the central portion of the flat wall portion and the curved wall portion toward the inside until they abut against each other. . A material processing step of cutting a cylindrical material into an appropriate width;
By pulling out the both side opening end portions of the material toward the outside, and abutting the both side opening ends of the material, the outer shape portion composed of a flat surface portion and a curved surface portion, and the inner surface of the flat wall portion, A method of manufacturing a shoe for a compressor, comprising: an outer shape portion / support portion forming step for forming a support portion constructed over an inner surface of the curved wall portion. The method for manufacturing a shoe for a compressor according to claim 5 , wherein a resin is formed on an inner peripheral surface of the material. The method for manufacturing a compressor shoe according to claim 6 , wherein the material has a resin formed on an outer peripheral surface thereof.

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