JP4467161B2 - camera - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a camera provided with a mechanism that enables changing the angle of view while suppressing the total optical length.
[0002]
[Prior art]
JP-A-7-318849 can be cited as a camera capable of reducing the total optical length and reducing the camera thickness.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the angle of view cannot be changed by the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-318849. Therefore, if the field angle changing function is realized by introducing the same principle as that of a generally used zoom lens barrel, the air space between lenses must be changed to change the field angle. The total length of the lens becomes longer than that of the single-focus optical system, and the merit of thinning the camera is impaired.
[0004]
In addition, as a trade-off with the advantage that the optical system is relatively simple, the pinhole camera is inferior to a normal optical system in terms of optical characteristics such as aberration such as image distortion and peripheral light amount ratio. Moreover, there is a problem that these optical characteristics generally change when the angle of view changes.
[0005]
Even when a pinhole optical unit is used as the lens barrel, there is a problem that the quality of the read image changes when the angle of view is switched.
An object of the present invention is to provide a camera that can change the angle of view while being thin.
[0006]
It is another object of the present invention to provide a camera in which the quality of a read image is stable even when a pinhole optical unit is used as a lens barrel, even if the angle of view is switched.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The camera according to claim 1 of the present invention includes an imaging unit, a rotating body that is rotatably attached to the imaging unit, and a plurality of lens barrels that are attached to the rotating body. Each has a lens with a different angle of view, and the optical axis of the lens of the lens barrel is orthogonal to the direction intersecting the rotation axis of the rotating body, and the rotation stop position of the rotating body The light is guided to the image pickup unit through the lens barrel unit according to the above.
The camera according to claim 2 of the present invention, in claim 1, the light from the front Symbol lens, characterized in that directly incident on the light receiving surface of the imaging unit.
The camera according to claim 3 of the present invention, in claim 1, the light receiving surface of the front SL imaging unit is characterized in that it is parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotating body.
The camera according to claim 4 of the present invention is characterized by having in claim 1 fraud and mitigating risk optical path changing means to be incident on the light receiving surface of the imaging unit by bending the light from the lens.
The camera according to claim 5 of the present invention, in claim 1, characterized in that by bending the light from the front Symbol lens has an optical path changing means to be incident on the light receiving surface of the imaging unit.
A camera according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the camera according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the imaging is performed between the imaging unit and the lens barrel unit disposed at a position for guiding light to the imaging unit. And a light shielding member that closes a gap between the lens barrel and the lens barrel.
[0008]
According to this configuration, the angle of view can be switched without introducing the principle of the zoom lens barrel, and a reduction in thickness can be realized.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the camera of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
(Embodiment 1)
1 to 10 show (Embodiment 1) of the present invention.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a flat camera body 1 (specifically, a card shape having a thickness of 10 mm or less) has a CCD element 3, an arithmetic processing unit 9 and a memory as an imaging unit. A printed circuit board 16 on which 10 and the like are mounted is incorporated. The image data written in the memory 10 is transferred to the outside by a communication cable or wirelessly.
[0022]
An opening 1 a is formed in a portion of the upper surface of the camera body 1 that faces the light receiving window of the CCD element 3. The rotating shaft 5 whose base end is rotatably supported at the bottom of the camera body 1 extends from the opening 1a to the outside of the camera body 1, and the distal end of the rotating shaft 5 covers the opening 1a with respect to the imaging unit. A rotating body 4 that is freely rotatable is attached. On the back surface of the rotating body 4, a plurality of lens barrel portions 2a, 2b, and 2c are provided on the same radius at predetermined intervals.
[0023]
The lens barrel 2a is configured as shown in FIG.
The lens barrel 2a has a cup shape with an opening 13a formed in the bottom and attached to the rotating body 4, and a pinhole 12 formed in the center so as to close the upper end opening of the lens barrel 13. And a lens 14 attached to the back surface of the pinhole plate 11. The lens barrel portions 2 b and 2 c are also configured in the same manner as the lens barrel portion 2 a, and the lens barrel portions 2 a to 2 c have the cross-sectional shape of the pinholes 11, the shape and material of the lens 14, the lens 14 and the CCD element 3. The distance is different.
[0024]
With this configuration, the CCD element is obtained when the user puts a finger on the portion A of the rotating body 4 exposed to the outside from the side surface of the camera body 1 and rotates the rotating body 4 around the rotation shaft 5. It is possible to replace the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c located in front of the three light receiving windows.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 1B, an eyepiece transmission window 1c is formed on the bottom of the camera body 1, and the rotating body 4 has an eyepiece transmission window 1c in the vicinity of the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c. Correspondingly, finder windows 6a to 6c are formed. The size of the finder windows 6a to 6c is set to a size that indicates a photographing range corresponding to the angle of view of each of the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c as shown in detail in FIGS. 3 (a), 3 (b), and 3 (c). ing.
[0026]
1 and 4 (a), (b), and (c) are provided on the back side of the rotating body 4 so that any one of the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c can be stopped at the front position of the light receiving window of the CCD element 3. As described above, click mechanisms 17a to 17c are provided on radii r1, r2, and r3 that are different from each other with the rotary shaft 5 at the center.
[0027]
As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the click mechanism 17 a includes a concave portion 30 formed on the back surface of the rotating body 4, a ball 18 a structured inside thereof, and the ball 18 a as the rotating body 4 in the camera body 1. And a compression spring 19 pushed out to the opposite portion. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the camera body 1 is opposed to the rotating body 4 so that the ball 18a engages with the lens barrel 2a stopped at a position in front of the light receiving window of the CCD element 3. A recess 20a is formed.
[0028]
The click mechanisms 17 b and 17 c are also configured in the same manner as the click mechanism 17 a, and the lens barrel portion 2 b of the CCD element 3 is provided at the opposite portion of the camera body 1 to the rotating body 4 as shown in FIG. A recess 20b is formed so that the ball 18b of the click mechanism 17b engages in the state stopped at the front position of the light receiving window, and the click mechanism 17c in the state where the lens barrel 2c stops at the front position of the light receiving window of the CCD element 3. A recess 20c is formed to engage the ball 18c. Further, switches 21 a, 21 b, 21 c are provided at the bottoms of the recesses 20 a-20 c, and if the detection state of the switches 21 a-21 c is detected, any of the lens barrel portions 2 a-2 c is at the front position of the light receiving window of the CCD element 3. You can check if it has stopped.
[0029]
Specifically, the switch 21a detects the engagement of the ball 18a and the switches 21b and 21c detect the engagement of the balls 18b and 18c when the lens barrel 2a is stopped at the front position of the light receiving window of the CCD element 3. Not done. When the lens barrel 2b is stopped at the front position of the light receiving window of the CCD element 3, the switch 21b detects the engagement of the ball 18b, and the switches 21a and 21c do not detect the engagement of the balls 18a and 18c. When the lens barrel 2c is stopped at the front position of the light receiving window of the CCD element 3, the switch 21c detects the engagement of the ball 18c, and the switches 21a and 21b do not detect the engagement of the balls 18a and 18b.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 6, the arithmetic processing unit 9 determines which of the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c is the lens barrel portion stopped at the front position of the light receiving window of the CCD element 3 from the output state of the switches 21a to 21c. Recognizing and correcting the aberration of the output signal of the CCD element 3 and the drop in the peripheral light amount ratio according to the angle of view, and writing it in the memory 10.
[0031]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7A, for the image of the lens barrel portion with pincushion distortion, the arithmetic processing unit 9 performs a predetermined geometric transformation as shown in FIG. 7B. To correct the scanned image.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 7 (c), the arithmetic processing unit 9 performs a predetermined geometric transformation as shown in FIG. 7 (d) for the image of the lens barrel portion with barrel distortion. The predetermined geometric conversion is performed for each color (RGB color components), and the chromatic aberration and distortion are corrected, and an image without image distortion or color misregistration is stored in the memory 10. Configured to write.
[0033]
Further, in the arithmetic processing unit 9, as shown in FIG. 8 (a) or (c), with respect to the image of the lens barrel portion in which the light amount at the central part is 100% and the passing light amount varies in the peripheral part, the arithmetic processing unit 9 Performs a predetermined luminance conversion to correct the luminance variation in the screen as shown in FIG. 8B or 8D.
[0034]
More specifically, a function r (x, y) of a ratio (peripheral light amount ratio) of a light amount reaching the coordinates (x, y) of the image peripheral portion with respect to a light amount reaching the center portion of the image is obtained in advance for each lens barrel portion. The brightness value of the image obtained from the CCD element 3 based on this function is expressed as B (x, y) by B ′ (x, y) = B (x, y) / r (x, y). to correct.
[0035]
With this configuration, when the user turns the rotating body 4 and looks through the subject through the finder windows 6a to 6c from the eyepiece transmission window 1c and selects a lens barrel having an appropriate angle of view, the arithmetic processing unit 9 Recognizes the selected lens barrel and automatically corrects the aberrations and brightness irregularities inherent to the lens barrels 2a to 2c. Even so, a good image can be obtained.
[0036]
As shown in FIG. 2, a buffer member 15 is interposed in the gap between the CCD element 3 and the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c so that unnecessary light does not enter the CCD element 3 from the gap. ing. Specifically, a buffer member 15 is provided around the light receiving window of the CCD element 3, and end surfaces on the emission side of the lens barrel portions 2 a to 2 c so as not to be caught by the buffer member 15 when the lens barrel portion is replaced. The corners are chamfered.
[0037]
Since the click mechanisms 17a to 17c and the recesses 20a to 20c are provided, the rotating body 4 is operated so that the center of any of the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c coincides with the approximate center of the imaging range of the CCD element 3. Although the imaging range of the CCD element 3 is set to be larger than the effective imaging range of the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c, the image can be displayed even if the stop positions of the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c are slightly shifted. It can be read without missing.
[0038]
Specifically, reference numeral 31 in FIG. 9B indicates the imaging range of the CCD element 3, and the center of the lens barrel portion 2a coincides with the center of the imaging range 31 of the CCD element 3 as shown in FIG. 9A. The effective imaging range 32-0 of the lens barrel 2a at the stop position S0 is smaller than the imaging range 31 of the CCD element 3. Each effective imaging range 32- when the center of the lens barrel 2a is slightly shifted from the center of the imaging range 31 of the CCD element 3 to the stop position SA or SB shown in FIG. A and 32-B are also configured to fall within the imaging range 31 of the CCD element 3 as shown in FIG.
[0039]
As described above, a specific configuration of readout by the arithmetic processing unit 9 when the imaging range of the CCD element 3 is set larger than the effective imaging range of the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c is shown.
[0040]
The arithmetic processing unit 9 sets a mask 33 having a size of the effective imaging range in step S1 shown in FIG. In step S2, the sum of the brightness in the mask 33 at the initial position in the imaging range 31 of the CCD element 3 shown in FIG. 10A is calculated. In step S3, the position of the mask 33 in the imaging range 31 of the CCD element 3 is calculated. In step S4, it is determined whether or not the movement of the position of the mask 33 is completed. Steps S2 to S4 are repeatedly executed to collect luminance data in the imaging range 31 of the CCD element 3, In step S5, the mask position that takes the maximum value of the luminance sum in the mask 33 is determined as the effective imaging range, and the arithmetic processing unit 9 masks the position determined in step S5 in the imaging range 31 of the CCD element 3. It is configured to read an image in the range of 33.
[0041]
Therefore, even if the stop position of the center of the lens barrel portion 2a to 2c with respect to the center of the imaging range 31 of the CCD element 3 is slightly shifted to SA or SB and stopped, the imaging range 31 of the CCD element 3 is stopped. Since only the image in the effective imaging range can be cut out and read, a good output image can be obtained even if the positioning accuracy of the rotating body 4 is low.
[0042]
The arithmetic processing unit 9 performs the correction of the aberration of the output signal of the CCD element 3, the correction of the drop in the peripheral light amount ratio, and the process of cutting out and reading only the image in the effective imaging range. You can expect some improvement in image quality.
[0043]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show (Embodiment 2) of the present invention, and description will be given by attaching the same reference numerals to those having the same actions as (Embodiment 1).
[0044]
In this (Embodiment 2), it is comprised so that an optical axis may be bent inside the lens-barrel part 2a-2c, and the direction of attachment of the lens-barrel part 2a-2c with respect to the rotary body 4 is (Embodiment 1). Is different. Accordingly, the transmission window for eyepiece 1c and the finder windows 6a to 6c provided in (Embodiment 1) do not exist.
[0045]
The lens barrel portions 2 a to 2 c are configured by a lens 14 and a mirror 22 as an optical path changing unit, and are configured by forming a pinhole 12 on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 4. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
[0046]
In addition, although the case where a pinhole optical part was used for the lens-barrel parts 2a-2c was shown here, the optical system of the lens-barrel parts 2a-2c is not limited to this.
(Embodiment 3)
FIGS. 13A and 13B show (Embodiment 3) of the present invention. (Embodiment 1) Components having the same functions as those in (Embodiment 2) will be described with the same reference numerals.
[0047]
(Embodiment 1) In (Embodiment 2), the rotating body 4 to which the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c are attached is supported by the rotating shaft 5 and is configured to be rotatable. 3), the slide plate 34 to which the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c are attached is configured to be slidable along a groove 35 formed in the camera body 1, and the CCD plate 3 receives light by moving the slide plate 34. The lens barrel portion located in front of the window is exchanged. 13A and 13B, the lens barrel 2b is located in front of the light receiving window of the CCD element 3. FIG.
[0048]
The structure of the main part of the lens barrels 2a to 2c is the same as that of (Embodiment 1) or, in the same manner as in (Embodiment 2), in this (Embodiment 3), a pinhole is formed in the slide plate 34. Or a lens plate 36, 37 and a diaphragm plate 38 as shown in FIG.
[0049]
(Embodiment 4)
FIGS. 14A to 14F show (Embodiment 4) of the present invention. (Embodiment 1) Components having the same functions as those in (Embodiment 2) will be described with the same reference numerals.
[0050]
The camera body 1 of each of the above embodiments is flat, but in this (Embodiment 4), the camera body 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape.
As shown in FIGS. 14A to 14C, a cylindrical light shielding member 39 having a built-in CCD element 3 is formed at the end of the camera body 1. The CCD element 3 is mounted with the light receiving window facing the peripheral surface of the light shielding member 39, and a window 40 is formed in the light shielding member 39 corresponding to the light receiving window of the CCD element 3. A buffer member 15 is attached around the window 40. The corners of the end faces on the exit side of the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c are chamfered so that the buffer member 15 is not caught when the lens barrel portion is replaced.
[0051]
As shown in FIGS. 14 (d) to 14 (f), a cup-shaped rotating body 41 to which the lens barrel portions 2 a to 2 c are attached is rotatably attached to the camera body 1 on the outside of the light shielding member 39. And is mounted on the same axis. Pinholes 12 are formed in the peripheral surface of the rotating body 41 at the attachment positions of the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c, respectively.
[0052]
With this configuration, by rotating the rotator 41 with respect to the camera body 1, the lens barrel located in front of the light receiving window of the CCD element 3 can be replaced, and photographing can be performed at a target angle of view.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the camera of the present invention is different from the movable body that is movable with respect to the imaging unit or the rotatable body that is freely rotatable in rotation, and the plurality of lens barrel units that are different in angle of view and are attached to the movable body at predetermined intervals. And the movable body is moved so that the lens barrel portion interposed in the optical path to the imaging portion is replaced, so that the angle of view can be switched without introducing the principle of the zoom lens barrel. Thinning can be realized.
[0054]
Further, by using a lens barrel portion as the lens barrel portion, further reduction in thickness can be realized.
In addition, the imaging unit is identified by identifying which of the plurality of lens barrels is interposed in the optical path to the imaging unit based on the output of the position detection unit that detects the stop position of the rotating body. By providing an arithmetic processing unit that controls the signal processing of the output signal, image processing according to the lens barrel part to be used can be performed, and when switching to another lens barrel part having a different angle of view, Can maintain the image quality.
[0055]
Further, even when the arithmetic processing device is switched to another lens barrel portion having a different angle of view by switching aberration correction processing characteristics or luminance correction processing characteristics according to the lens barrel portion in use. Can maintain the quality.
[0056]
In addition, by providing a light shielding member that closes the gap between the imaging unit and the emission side end of the lens barrel unit in use, it is possible to achieve good imaging without incident of unnecessary light.
In addition, the imaging range of the imaging unit is made larger than the effective imaging range of the lens barrel, and the arithmetic processing unit reads the output of the imaging unit and performs signal processing to cut out only the data of the effective imaging range. By doing so, proper reading can be performed.
[0057]
In addition, the effective imaging range data is cut out by the arithmetic processing unit by setting a mask having an aperture corresponding to the size of the effective imaging range of the lens barrel, and scanning the imaging range of the imaging unit with this mask. By calculating the sum of the luminance values in the mask at each position and cutting out the mask range at the position where the sum of the luminance values is maximum as the effective imaging range, only the data of the effective imaging range is obtained. Can be cut out.
[0058]
In addition, the imaging unit, the rotating body, and the plurality of lens barrels are incorporated in a casing, and a finder window is formed in the rotating body, and a light transmission for eyepiece is provided in the casing corresponding to the finder window. By forming the window, the subject can be accurately captured.
[0059]
In addition, by changing the size of the finder window according to the angle of view of the lens barrel, it is possible to select an appropriate angle of view and accurately capture the subject.
Further, the imaging unit is a disk in which the light receiving surface is disposed on the inner bottom of a flat housing and the rotating body rotates in a posture parallel to the bottom of the housing. The lens barrel is mounted on the surface facing the bottom, and the disk is rotated to replace the lens barrel interposed in the optical path to the light-receiving surface of the imaging unit. it can.
[0060]
Further, the ring is a ring in which the inner peripheral surface rotates in a posture in which the image pickup unit is disposed on the inner bottom portion of the flat housing with the light receiving surface facing upward, and the rotating body is parallel to the bottom portion of the housing. The lens barrel is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the imaging unit, and an optical path changing means for guiding light from the lens barrel to the light receiving surface of the imaging unit is provided above the light receiving surface of the imaging unit, and the ring is rotated to image the imaging unit. It is possible to reduce the thickness by replacing the lens barrel portion interposed in the optical path to the light receiving surface.
[0061]
Further, the rotating body rotates in the direction of the light receiving surface and the back surface with the imaging unit at the center, the lens barrel is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating body, and the rotating body is rotated to rotate the imaging unit. It is possible to reduce the thickness by replacing the lens barrel portion interposed in the optical path to the light receiving surface.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view and a partially cutaway front view of a camera according to (Embodiment 1) of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a rotating body and a lens barrel portion according to the embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the transmission window for eyepieces of each form and each finder window [FIG. 4] The top view which shows the position of each click mechanism in the rotary body of the embodiment, and the top view which shows the recessed part formed in the camera body 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the click mechanism according to the embodiment is not engaged with a concave portion of the camera body and a state where the click mechanism is engaged. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a signal processing circuit according to the embodiment. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a screen before and after the aberration correction processing in the arithmetic processing device of the embodiment. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a screen before and after the luminance correction processing in the arithmetic processing device of the embodiment. Plan view showing the deviation of the stop position of the CCD, the imaging range of the CCD element and the effective connection of the lens barrel FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a difference in size of a range. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing movement of a mask of an image signal reading process and a flowchart of the image signal reading process in the arithmetic processing apparatus according to the embodiment. FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the embodiment. FIG. 13 is a plan view of the camera of (Embodiment 3) of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a partially cutaway front view and an enlarged cross-sectional view showing another example of the lens barrel portion in each embodiment. FIG. 14 is a front view of a state in which the rotating body of (Embodiment 4) of the present invention is removed. And AA sectional view and side view thereof, front view of a state in which a rotating body is attached, and BB sectional view and side view thereof.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Camera main body 1a Opening 1c Eyepiece transmission window 2a, 2b, 2c Lens barrel part 3 CCD element 4 Rotating body 5 Rotating shaft 6a-6c Finder window 9 Arithmetic processing device 10 Memory 11 Pinhole plate 12 Pinhole 13 Lens barrel 13a Opening 14 Lens 15 Buffer member 16 Printed circuit board 17a-17c Click mechanism 18a, 18b, 18c Ball 19 Compression spring 20a, 20b, 20c Recess 21a, 21b, 21c Switch 22 Mirror 30 Recess 31 Imaging range 32-0, 32- of CCD element A, 32-B Effective imaging range 34 of the lens barrel portions 2a to 2c 34 Slide plate 35 Groove 36, 37 Lens 38 Diaphragm plate 39 Light blocking member 40 Window

Claims (6)

An imaging unit;
A rotating body rotatably attached to the imaging unit;
A plurality of lens barrels attached to the rotating body, the lens barrel having lenses having different angles of view, and the optical axis of the lens of the lens barrel is rotated by the rotating body A camera that is orthogonal to the direction intersecting the axis of the light and that guides light to the imaging unit via the lens barrel according to the rotation stop position of the rotating body. The light from the lens is directly incident on the light receiving surface of the imaging unit.
The camera according to claim 1 . Receiving surface of the front SL imaging unit, the rotary body according to claim 1, wherein the camera is parallel to the axis of rotation. Claim 1 Symbol placement of the camera by bending the light has an optical path changing means to be incident on the light receiving surface of the imaging unit from the lens. Before Symbol camera of claim 1, wherein by bending the light has an optical path changing means to be incident on the light receiving surface of the imaging unit from the lens. The light-shielding member which obstruct | occludes the clearance gap between the said imaging part and the said lens-barrel part between the said imaging part and the said lens-barrel part arrange | positioned in the position which guides light to the said imaging part is provided. Item 6. The camera according to Item 5 .

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