JP4465498B2 - How to get strawberry seeds. - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for obtaining strawberry seeds having high commercial value easily and inexpensively.

  Development of practical seeding and preparation technology is indispensable for putting seed-propagating strawberry varieties into practical use. For the spread of this variety, economical and practical seeding and preparation techniques are required on the premise of selling seeds.

  However, because strawberries were grown by vegetative propagation using runners, the method of taking strawberry seeds from strawberry fruits has so far been only a few examples that have been studied for breeding purposes. There are no examples examined from the viewpoint of For example, only a method of crushing strawberry fruits with a blender to collect seeds or a high-pressure washing method of spraying high-pressure washing liquid (for example, water) on strawberry fruits to take seeds is disclosed.

  In addition, as another example of the seed selection method, for example, the following Patent Document 1 discloses a method for selecting seeds from citrus fruit juice lees.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-100459

  However, in the method using the blender or the high-pressure washing method, seed yield is poor due to seed destruction and damage, germination is reduced, and the commercial value is remarkably lowered. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, vascular bundles (fibers) and pulp remain in the seeds, and after drying, the seeds are entangled with each other, making it difficult to select seeds after seeding preparation, as well as the risk of contamination by microorganisms, appearance There is a problem that is bad.

  The method described in Patent Document 1 is a method for obtaining citrus seeds from citrus fruits and is not related to strawberry fruits.

Also, it is a method for separating seeds for use as industrial raw materials from the juice of citrus fruits, and it does not relate to a seeding preparation method for obtaining seeds for seed propagation (germination and cultivation). Therefore, there is a problem that germination is not considered at all.

  Then, in view of the said subject, in order to obtain a strawberry seed, this invention aims at providing the method of obtaining a strawberry seed with a high commercial value easily and cheaply.

  As a means for solving the above problems, the method for obtaining strawberry seeds according to the present invention is to add an enzyme to strawberry fruit, remove the residue, and dry it.

  Moreover, in this means, although it does not necessarily limit, it is a preferable aspect that an enzyme is added in 0.1 g or more and 5 g or less with respect to 1 kg of strawberry fruits.

  Moreover, in this means, although it is not necessarily limited, it is a preferable aspect that the enzyme uses at least one of cellulase, pectinase, and plant tissue disrupting enzyme.

  As described above, the present invention can provide a method for obtaining a high-quality strawberry seed having high commercial value easily and inexpensively.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different modes and is not limited to the embodiments shown below. Note that in this specification, portions having the same or similar functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof is omitted.

(Embodiment 1)
One of the features of the method for obtaining strawberry seeds according to the present embodiment is that an enzyme is added to the strawberry fruit, the residue is removed, and the strawberry seed is dried.

  The method for obtaining strawberry seeds according to this embodiment is not limited and can be applied to various strawberry varieties. In addition, the maturity of the strawberry fruit is not limited as long as coloring is started, and may be immature, suitable maturity or overripe, but the overripe is most preferable.

  The enzyme used in the present embodiment is not limited as long as the strawberry pulp can be disrupted, but is preferably at least one of cellulase, pectinase, and plant tissue disrupting enzyme. Moreover, the enzyme to be used is not limited, but for example, it is added within a range of 0.1 g or more and 5 g or less (0.01% or more and 0.5% or less based on the fruit weight) per 1 kg of strawberry fruit. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.5 g or more and 1 g or less.

  Moreover, after adding an enzyme to a strawberry fruit, it is preferable to hold | maintain for a predetermined time at predetermined temperature, and to melt | dissolve a strawberry pulp. The temperature to be maintained is not limited as long as the enzyme functions efficiently, but is preferably in the range of 35 ° C. or higher and 45 ° C. or lower, for example. Further, the holding time is not limited as described above, but it is preferably, for example, 1 hour or more and 2 hours or less.

  Then, in this embodiment, the residue which was not able to melt | dissolve is removed from the strawberry fruit after an enzyme is added, and a seed is dried.

  In the method for obtaining strawberry seeds according to the present embodiment, the cost can be reduced by performing a treatment using an enzyme capable of greatly reducing cost and labor.

Enzyme selectively dissolves strawberry pulp, removes residue that could not be dissolved, and when washing with water to remove floating residue, select seeds with high germination rate and floating seeds with low germination rate Therefore, the advantage of being able to perform rough seed selection simultaneously with the adjustment is great, and seeds with a high germination rate can be obtained.

Also, according to this method, unlike the method using a blender or the high pressure washing method, as shown in FIG. 4, the strawberry seed has almost no vascular bundles, scratches, etc., and the surface is clean. It is advantageous, has good germination rate, good appearance and high commercial value Therefore, high quality seeds can be achieved. Moreover, since there is almost no damaged seed, a yield is also good.

That is, it is possible to provide a method for obtaining high-quality strawberry seeds with high commercial value easily and inexpensively.

  Here, about the effect of the said embodiment, the strawberry seed was seeded and prepared from the actual strawberry fruit, and the effect was confirmed. It is shown below.

  In this example, seeds are seeded and prepared from the cultivar 'Tochiotome', and the ripening stage of the strawberry fruit is in an immature state (seeding example 1), in an appropriately matured state (seeding example 2), or in an overripe state. 10 kg of seeds (seeding example 3) were used. In FIG. 1, the example about the maturity stage of the strawberry fruit was shown.

  In this example, the enzymes “Cellulase“ Onozuka ”3S”, “Cellulase Y-NC”, “Pectinase SS”, “Pectinase 3S”, “Plant Tissue Disintegrating Enzyme Agent Macero Team A” (all Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) 50 g (0.5%) was added to 10 kg of strawberry fruit, and the mixture was appropriately stirred and held at 40 ° C. for 90 minutes.

  Further, in this example, after that, the residue is removed with a sieve having an opening of 1 cm (FIG. 2), the floating residue in water is further removed, and the precipitated strawberry seed (FIG. 3) is passed through a sieve with an opening of 2 mm. Only the seeds that did not pass through the sieve having an opening of 850 μm were collected, washed with water several times, completely removed floating residues, and the surface was dried to obtain dried strawberry seeds.

Here, as a comparative example, a method of harvesting seeds with a blender for 500 g (25 fruits) of strawberry fruits in an appropriate ripe state (seeding example 4). And the high pressure washing | cleaning method (seeding example 5) which sprays a high pressure water with respect to a strawberry fruit and filters a seed was implemented. In addition, about the seed amount obtained by the present Example, it showed in Table 1 below.

  In this example, strawberry seeds could be obtained by maintaining the temperature at a constant temperature using an enzyme, and the amount of seed recovered was much easier and higher than the method using a blender or the high-pressure washing method. Also, the surface of the strawberry seed was very clean compared to the high pressure washing method. FIG. 4 shows the surface of the strawberry seed obtained by this example, and FIG. 5 shows a table of the strawberry seed obtained by the high-pressure washing method.

Moreover, the germination test was done with respect to the strawberry seed obtained by the above, and the germination rate was investigated. In the germination test, concentrated sulfuric acid treatment was performed for 10 minutes, thoroughly washed with water, sterilized with antiformin (effective chlorine 2.5%) for 5 minutes, washed with water, and 50 seeds were placed in a 9 cm dish. The test was carried out for 7 days under continuous light conditions at 25 ° C. The results are shown in Table 2. Strawberry seeds by the high pressure washing method (seeding example 5) had a germination rate of 79.5%, whereas the strawberry seeds of this example all had a germination rate of over 80%, and the same maturity stage The fruit was as high as 82.5%, and in the overripe state, it was 94.5%. In the comparison between the seeds seeded in Example 2 and the floating seeds, the germination rate of the precipitated seeds was 82.5%, whereas the germinating rate of the seeds that floated was very low at 3.5%. From the above results, it was confirmed that the enzyme treatment method maintained a high germination rate and was an effective strawberry seed seeding preparation method.

  The present invention has industrial applicability as a method for collecting strawberry seeds.

It is a figure for demonstrating the maturation stage of a strawberry fruit. It is a figure which shows the residue removal by a sieve. It is a figure which shows the precipitated strawberry seed. It is a figure which shows the surface of the strawberry seed obtained by the Example. It is a figure which shows the surface of the strawberry seed obtained by the high pressure washing method.

Claims (3)

Strawberries for adding enzymes to strawberry fruits (excluding those crushed), removing residues, washing the seeds while washing them with water, sorting the seeds that floated, drying the seeds that have been precipitated, and allowing them to germinate A method for obtaining a strawberry seed that collects seeds that do not pass through a sieve having an opening of 850 μm when the seeds that are precipitated while washing with water and the seeds that are floating are selected.   The method for obtaining strawberry seeds according to claim 1, wherein the enzyme is at least one of cellulase, pectinase, and plant tissue disrupting enzyme, and is added in an amount of 0.1 to 5 g per 1 kg of strawberry fruit.   The method for obtaining a strawberry seed for germination according to claim 1, wherein the germination rate of the obtained strawberry seed is 80% or more.