JP4461848B2 - Developing device and image forming apparatus using the same - Google Patents

Developing device and image forming apparatus using the same Download PDF

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JP4461848B2
JP4461848B2 JP2004068710A JP2004068710A JP4461848B2 JP 4461848 B2 JP4461848 B2 JP 4461848B2 JP 2004068710 A JP2004068710 A JP 2004068710A JP 2004068710 A JP2004068710 A JP 2004068710A JP 4461848 B2 JP4461848 B2 JP 4461848B2
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toner
carrier
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magnetic
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正彰 山浦
明彦 野田
善史 尾崎
正太 大場
良介 上松
剛彰 渡邉
洋雄 曽我
良広 萩原
準一 石橋
卓哉 岩村
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Fujifilm Business Innovation Corp
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Fuji Xerox Co Ltd
Fujifilm Business Innovation Corp
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Description

本発明は、複写機、プリンタ等の画像形成装置に用いられる現像装置に係り、特に、磁性キャリアとトナーとを具備した二成分現像剤を用い、かつ、トナー濃度検知手段を用いずにトナー濃度を自律的に制御する現像装置及びこれを用いた画像形成装置の改良に関する。   The present invention relates to a developing device used in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine or a printer, and in particular, uses a two-component developer including a magnetic carrier and a toner, and does not use a toner concentration detecting means. The present invention relates to a developing device that autonomously controls the image forming apparatus and an image forming apparatus using the developing device.

特公平5−67233号公報Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-67233 特開平5−119625号公報JP-A-5-119625 特開平9−22178号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-22178 特開2000−352877号公報JP 2000-352877 A 特開平9−197833号公報JP-A-9-197833

一般に、電子写真方式等の画像形成装置で用いられる現像装置としては、感光体ドラム等の像担持体上に形成された静電潜像を現像剤にて可視像化するものが知られている。この種の現像装置に用いられる現像方式としては、現像剤として着色剤粒子であるトナーのみを用いる一成分現像方式と、現像剤として磁性体粒子であるキャリアと着色粒子であるトナーとを混合撹拌したものを用いる二成分現像方式とに大別される。   In general, as a developing device used in an image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic system, an electrostatic latent image formed on an image carrier such as a photosensitive drum is visualized with a developer. Yes. As a developing system used in this type of developing device, a one-component developing system that uses only toner that is colorant particles as a developer, and a carrier that is magnetic particles and toner that is colored particles are mixed and stirred as a developer. It is roughly divided into a two-component development system using the above.

従来、二成分現像方式の現像装置としては、画質、コスト面や安定性など優れた点が多いことから、トナーを磁性キャリアに混合した現像剤を磁場によって搬送して現像する磁気ブラシ現像方法が広く用いられている。この磁気ブラシ現像方法では、トナーと磁性キャリアとの摩擦で発生した静電気力により、トナーが磁性キャリアの表面に担持されるが、このトナーは、像担体上の静電潜像に接近すると、静電潜像担持体と現像剤担持体との間に形成される電界によって静電潜像上へ飛翔し、静電潜像を可視像化する。また、現像剤は、現像によって消費されたトナーを補充しながら反復使用される。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a two-component developing type developing device, there are many excellent points such as image quality, cost, and stability. Therefore, there is a magnetic brush developing method in which a developer in which toner is mixed in a magnetic carrier is conveyed and developed by a magnetic field. Widely used. In this magnetic brush developing method, the toner is supported on the surface of the magnetic carrier by the electrostatic force generated by the friction between the toner and the magnetic carrier. When the toner approaches the electrostatic latent image on the image carrier, The electrostatic latent image is visualized by flying on the electrostatic latent image by an electric field formed between the electrostatic latent image carrier and the developer carrier. Further, the developer is repeatedly used while replenishing the toner consumed by the development.

しかし、このような磁気ブラシ現像方法においては、トナー濃度(トナーと磁性キャリアの混合比)を一定範囲に保つ制御を行わないと、トナー濃度が上昇した場合には、トナー飛散やカブリが発生し、一方、トナー濃度が低下した場合には、濃度低下や濃度斑、画像抜けなどが発生してしまう。したがって、安定した画像を得るためにはトナー濃度を一定に保つ必要がある。   However, in such a magnetic brush developing method, if the toner concentration (mixing ratio of toner and magnetic carrier) is not controlled to be within a certain range, toner scattering and fogging occur when the toner concentration increases. On the other hand, when the toner density is reduced, density reduction, density spots, image omission, and the like occur. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the toner density constant in order to obtain a stable image.

そこで、従来の磁気ブラシ現像方法では、安定した画像を得るためにトナー濃度センサを用いてトナー濃度を検知したり、現像パッチを作成してトナー現像量を検知し、その信号によってトナー補給部材を作動させることによりトナー濃度を一定に保つ制御が行われている。例えば、トナー濃度センサによりトナー濃度を検知し、この検知情報に基づいてトナー濃度が低下したと判断された場合、トナー補給部材によりトナー補給が行われる。   Therefore, in the conventional magnetic brush development method, in order to obtain a stable image, the toner density is detected using a toner density sensor, or a development patch is created to detect the toner development amount. Control is performed to keep the toner density constant by operating. For example, when the toner density is detected by the toner density sensor and it is determined that the toner density has decreased based on the detection information, the toner supply is performed by the toner supply member.

しかし、この種の磁気ブラシ現像方法にあっては、トナー濃度センサや独立してON/OFF駆動できるトナー補給部材が必要不可欠であり、現像装置の大型化、高コスト化が避けられない。また、検知対象の濃度パッチを作成する等、トナー濃度の検知システムが面倒であるという不具合がある。   However, in this type of magnetic brush developing method, a toner density sensor and a toner replenishing member that can be independently driven ON / OFF are indispensable, and an increase in the size and cost of the developing device cannot be avoided. In addition, there is a problem that the toner density detection system is troublesome, such as creating a density patch to be detected.

このような不具合を解決する先行技術として、トナー濃度センサやトナー補給部材を用いずに、トナー濃度を一定に保つ現像装置や制御方法が既に提案されている(例えば、特許文献1〜5参照)。こうした現像装置は、二成分現像剤を収容する現像剤収容部と、現像剤収容部と連通し且つトナーを収容するトナー収容部とを有し、現像剤担持体上の二成分現像剤量を規制部材で規制し、現像剤担持体上における二成分現像剤のトナー濃度変化によって、二成分現像剤のトナーの取り込みを自律的に制御することで、トナー濃度を調整するものである。   As a prior art for solving such a problem, a developing device and a control method for maintaining a constant toner density without using a toner density sensor or a toner replenishing member have already been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5). . Such a developing apparatus has a developer accommodating portion that accommodates a two-component developer, and a toner accommodating portion that communicates with the developer accommodating portion and accommodates toner, and the amount of the two-component developer on the developer carrier is reduced. The toner density is adjusted by regulating by the regulating member and autonomously controlling the toner intake of the two-component developer by changing the toner density of the two-component developer on the developer carrier.

また、自律的制御の方法は、現像剤担持体に担持搬送される現像剤移動層と、現像剤収容部内で現像剤が循環する現像剤循環層とを発生させ、現像剤収容部と連通しているトナー収容部からのトナーを取り込むというものである。すなわち、現像工程において、トナーが消費されると、現像剤収容部内に収容された現像剤の嵩が減少し、減少した嵩分のトナーがトナー収容部から現像剤収容部に補給されることで、現像剤収容部内の現像剤は、トナー濃度を保つというものである。   In addition, the autonomous control method generates a developer moving layer carried and transported by the developer carrier and a developer circulation layer in which the developer circulates in the developer container, and communicates with the developer container. The toner is taken in from the toner container. That is, when toner is consumed in the development process, the volume of the developer stored in the developer storage unit decreases, and the reduced amount of toner is supplied from the toner storage unit to the developer storage unit. The developer in the developer container holds the toner concentration.

上記現像装置の例として、特許文献1では、現像スリーブ上に磁性粒子層を形成し、容器内のトナー供給部においてこの磁性粒子層に接触するようにトナーを収容し、現像スリーブの回転に伴う磁性粒子層の磁性粒子の移動によって、上記トナー供給部で磁性粒子層内にその外側のトナー層からトナーを取り込み、トナーと磁性粒子とが混合された現像剤を規制部材でその層厚を規制して現像部に搬送することにより、トナーの過剰供給による帯電不足の防止を図っている。   As an example of the developing device, in Patent Document 1, a magnetic particle layer is formed on a developing sleeve, and toner is accommodated in the toner supply unit in the container so as to come into contact with the magnetic particle layer. By the movement of the magnetic particles in the magnetic particle layer, the toner supply unit takes in the toner from the outer toner layer into the magnetic particle layer, and the developer in which the toner and the magnetic particles are mixed is regulated by the regulating member. By transporting the toner to the developing unit, insufficient charging due to excessive supply of toner is prevented.

また、特許文献2では、内部磁極を有する現像スリーブ回転型磁気ブラシ現像装置において、現像スリーブ表面に絶縁性層を設けるとともに、現像スリーブ近くにトナー供給ロールを配設し、トナー供給ロールと現像スリーブ間に交番電圧を印加することで、トナー濃度、トナー帯電の安定化を図っている。   In Patent Document 2, in a developing sleeve rotating type magnetic brush developing device having an internal magnetic pole, an insulating layer is provided on the surface of the developing sleeve, a toner supply roll is provided near the developing sleeve, and the toner supply roll and the developing sleeve are provided. By applying an alternating voltage between them, the toner concentration and toner charging are stabilized.

さらに、特許文献3では、現像剤を構成するトナーとして磁性トナーを用いることで、トナー帯電の安定化、トナー飛散の防止を図っている。   Further, Patent Document 3 uses a magnetic toner as a toner constituting the developer to stabilize toner charging and prevent toner scattering.

また、特許文献4では、現像剤担持体の搬送速度が最速のときにおいて、キャリア一個の表面に対してトナーが完全に覆った状態となる限界トナー濃度以下となるようにトナー濃度を構成することで、地汚れやトナー飛散の防止を図っている。   Further, in Patent Document 4, the toner density is configured to be equal to or less than the limit toner density at which the toner is completely covered on the surface of one carrier when the developer carrying speed is the fastest. Therefore, it is intended to prevent soiling and toner scattering.

さらにまた、特許文献5では、現像剤収容部において、現像剤担持体に担持搬送される現像剤量を規制する第一の規制部材よりも現像剤担持体の現像剤搬送方向上流側に第二の規制部材を設けることにより、トナー濃度調整の簡易化を図っている。   Further, in Patent Document 5, in the developer accommodating portion, the second upstream of the developer carrying member in the developer carrying direction relative to the first regulating member that regulates the amount of developer carried and carried by the developer carrying member. Therefore, the toner density adjustment is simplified.

しかしながら、上記の先行技術にあっては、いずれもトナー濃度変化に対応した現像剤の体積変化と現像剤の動きとによって、トナー濃度の制御をしているため、現像剤の体積変化や現像剤の動きを顕著にする必要がある。このような要請下においては、通常の二成分現像方式と比較して、特に、現像剤担持体周辺の現像剤仕込量を少なくして、その体積変化等を顕著にする必要があるため、現像剤の循環が悪く、現像剤の動きが活発な箇所と活発でない箇所とが存在して、トナーの取り込みが均一に行われない。さらに、帯電性能や磁化特性の劣化により磁性キャリアが現像装置本体から抜け出て現像剤収容室内の磁性キャリア量が減少すると、トナー濃度安定時において現像剤収容部内の磁性キャリア量に対するトナー量比率が大きくなる。この結果、十分なトナー帯電が施されず地汚れやトナー飛散が生じるという問題が生じていた。   However, in each of the above prior arts, the toner concentration is controlled by the change in the volume of the developer corresponding to the change in the toner concentration and the movement of the developer. It is necessary to make the movement of Under such demands, it is necessary to reduce the amount of developer charged around the developer carrying member and to make the volume change and the like remarkable, as compared with the usual two-component development method. The circulation of the developer is poor, and there are a portion where the developer moves actively and a portion where the developer moves inactive, so that the toner is not uniformly captured. Furthermore, if the magnetic carrier comes out of the main body of the developing device due to deterioration of charging performance or magnetization characteristics and the amount of magnetic carrier in the developer containing chamber decreases, the toner amount ratio to the amount of magnetic carrier in the developer containing portion becomes large when the toner concentration is stable. Become. As a result, there has been a problem in that sufficient toner charging is not performed and background contamination and toner scattering occur.

また、現像剤量が少ないことから現像剤中に含まれるトナーの絶対量が少ないこと、トナー濃度が減少しても現像剤の体積変動は緩やかでありトナーの取り込みスピードが遅いことから、トナー消費の激しい高密度画像を連続で出力する際に所望の濃度が維持できないといった問題が生じていた。   In addition, since the amount of developer is small, the absolute amount of toner contained in the developer is small, and even if the toner concentration is reduced, the volume fluctuation of the developer is gradual and the toner intake speed is slow. When a high-density image with high intensity is output continuously, there is a problem that a desired density cannot be maintained.

さらに、予め現像剤量を少なく設定しなければならないため、1つの磁性キャリアにかかるストレスが大きくなり、磁性キャリアの寿命が短くなる。つまり、ランニングコストが上昇し、また、応答性が遅いため、高密度画像の濃度を確保できないといった問題が生じていた。   Furthermore, since the developer amount must be set small in advance, the stress applied to one magnetic carrier is increased, and the life of the magnetic carrier is shortened. That is, the running cost is increased and the response is slow, so that there is a problem that the density of the high-density image cannot be secured.

こうした問題を解決するために、本発明者は以前、特願2003−185499号において、トナー濃度センサやトナー補給機構を必要としない小型で低コストの現像装置を前提とし、磁性キャリアの量が変化しても安定したトナー濃度が保たれて地汚れやトナー飛散が抑制でき、トナーの取り込みを均一にすることによって高密度画像の連続出力に対応し、現像剤の仕込み量を予め多く設定することが可能なことにより長寿命化を実現してランニングコストを抑えた現像装置及びこれを用いた画像形成装置を提供した。   In order to solve these problems, the present inventor previously changed the amount of magnetic carrier in Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-185499 on the premise of a small and low-cost developing device that does not require a toner concentration sensor or a toner replenishment mechanism. Even if the toner density is kept stable, scumming and scattering of toner can be suppressed, and uniform toner intake enables continuous output of high-density images, and a large amount of developer is set in advance. Therefore, the present invention provides a developing device that realizes a long service life and suppresses running costs, and an image forming apparatus using the developing device.

しかし、上記発明の方式は現像剤収容部内が二成分現像剤で詰まっており空間が少ないため、現像剤担持体上の二成分現像剤を剥離、撹拌することが困難であるという問題を生じていた。すなわち、現像剤担持体上の二成分現像剤と現像剤収容部内の二成分現像剤の入れ替わり性が悪く、高密度画像エリア後の低密度画像エリア等に画像履歴が発生してしまうという懸念が生じていた。   However, the method of the above invention has a problem that it is difficult to peel and agitate the two-component developer on the developer carrying member because the inside of the developer container is clogged with the two-component developer and the space is small. It was. That is, there is a concern that the two-component developer on the developer carrier and the two-component developer in the developer accommodating portion are not interchangeable, and an image history is generated in a low-density image area after the high-density image area. It was happening.

そこで、本発明は上記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、現像剤担持体上の二成分現像剤と現像剤収容部内の二成分現像剤の入れ替わり性を十分に確保し、画像履歴が発生しない安定した画像品質を保持できる現像装置及びこれを用いた画像形成装置を提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and ensures sufficient interchangeability between the two-component developer on the developer carrier and the two-component developer in the developer container, and an image history is generated. It is an object of the present invention to provide a developing device capable of maintaining a stable image quality and an image forming apparatus using the same.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の現像装置は、図1に示すように、トナーと磁性キャリアとが含まれる二成分現像剤2を磁界発生手段1の磁力により所定の(矢印)方向に担持搬送する現像剤担持体3と、現像剤担持体3に隣接して二成分現像剤2を収容する現像剤収容部4と、現像剤収容部4を介して現像剤担持体3と連通して設けられトナーを供給可能に収容するトナー収容部5と、現像剤担持体3に隣接して現像剤収容部4に対し現像剤担持体3の現像剤搬送方向下流側に設けられると共に現像剤収容部4と連通する現像剤退避部7と、現像剤収容部4及び現像剤退避部7に対して現像剤担持体3の現像剤搬送方向下流側に設けられ、現像剤担持体3により担持搬送される二成分現像剤2の一部を余剰現像剤としてせき止め、トナー濃度に応じて現像剤収容部4又は現像剤退避部7に前記余剰現像剤を分離する現像剤分離手段8とを備え、前記現像剤収容部4は、前記現像剤担持体と対向し回転自在に形成された現像剤剥離供給手段13をさらに備え、この現像剤剥離供給手段13は、前記現像剤担持体3との対向部近傍の間隙に磁界を形成し、且つ、この対向部近傍にて、現像剤担持体3上の二成分現像剤を一旦剥離させると共に、現像剤収容部4内の新たな二成分現像剤を現像剤担持体3に供給することを特徴とするものである。   In order to achieve the above object, as shown in FIG. 1, the developing device of the present invention applies a two-component developer 2 containing toner and a magnetic carrier in a predetermined (arrow) direction by the magnetic force of the magnetic field generating means 1. A developer carrier 3 to be carried and conveyed, a developer container 4 that accommodates the two-component developer 2 adjacent to the developer carrier 3, and a developer carrier 3 that communicates with the developer carrier 3 via the developer container 4. A toner container 5 that can be supplied with toner, and a developer container 3 adjacent to the developer carrier 3 and provided downstream of the developer carrier 3 in the developer transport direction with respect to the developer carrier 3. A developer retracting portion 7 that communicates with the accommodating portion 4, and provided on the downstream side of the developer carrying member 3 in the developer conveying direction with respect to the developer accommodating portion 4 and the developer retracting portion 7, and is carried by the developer carrying member 3. A part of the two-component developer 2 conveyed is dammed up as an excess developer, A developer separating means 8 for separating the excess developer is provided in the developer accommodating portion 4 or the developer retracting portion 7 according to the density, and the developer accommodating portion 4 faces the developer carrying member and is rotatable. The developer peeling supply means 13 formed on the developer further includes a developer peeling supply means 13 that forms a magnetic field in the gap in the vicinity of the facing portion with respect to the developer carrier 3 and in the vicinity of the facing portion. The two-component developer on the developer carrier 3 is once peeled off, and a new two-component developer in the developer container 4 is supplied to the developer carrier 3.

このような技術的手段において、現像剤担持体3は、内部に磁界発生手段1を具備し、二成分現像剤2を搬送担持するものであれば適宜選定して差し支えなく、例えば、回転可能な非磁性スリーブと、この非磁性スリーブ内に固定的に配設され且つ磁界発生手段1が設けられた磁石部材とを具備した態様がある。   In such technical means, the developer carrier 3 may be appropriately selected as long as the developer carrier 3 includes the magnetic field generating means 1 inside and conveys and carries the two-component developer 2, and can be rotated, for example. There is a mode in which a nonmagnetic sleeve and a magnet member fixedly disposed in the nonmagnetic sleeve and provided with the magnetic field generating means 1 are provided.

ここで、磁界発生手段1は、複数の磁極10を有しているものであればよく、例えば、磁極10の構成例としては、現像に寄与するための現像磁極10aや、現像剤を捕獲できる機能を備えたピックアップ磁極10cや、現像剤を搬送する搬送磁極10b,10d等を備えたものが挙げられるが、これに限られるものではなく、適宜選定して差し支えない。また、トナーは、磁性キャリアに付着するものであれば、磁性でも非磁性でもよい。   Here, the magnetic field generating means 1 may be any one having a plurality of magnetic poles 10. For example, as a configuration example of the magnetic poles 10, a developing magnetic pole 10 a for contributing to development and a developer can be captured. Examples include a pickup magnetic pole 10c having a function, and conveyance magnetic poles 10b and 10d for conveying the developer, but are not limited thereto, and may be appropriately selected. The toner may be magnetic or nonmagnetic as long as it adheres to the magnetic carrier.

また、本発明では、トナー収容部5はトナーのみならず現像剤退避部7より流出する二成分現像剤2を収容する構成であることが好ましく、この場合その底面が現像剤退避部7との連通部よりも重力方向で下の位置関係にあることが必要である。もちろん、現像剤退避部7より流出する二成分現像剤は全て現像剤収容部4に還流する構成にしてもよくこの限りではない。   Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the toner storage unit 5 is configured to store not only the toner but also the two-component developer 2 flowing out from the developer retracting unit 7. It is necessary to have a lower positional relationship in the direction of gravity than the communication part. Of course, the two-component developer flowing out from the developer retracting section 7 may be configured to return to the developer accommodating section 4 without being limited to this.

また、現像剤退避部7は、現像剤収容部4からの二成分現像剤2を、循環路6を介して一時的に収容し、現像剤収容部4における二成分現像剤2を一時的に不足または流動させることにより、トナー収容部5からのトナー及び非常に高いトナー濃度の二成分現像剤を現像剤収容部4に導く態様であればよい。この態様により、現像剤収容部4内の循環性が良くなり、現像剤退避部7に現像剤を退避させることでできる現像剤収容部4内のスペースまたは二成分現像剤流動部分に、トナー及び非常に高いトナー濃度の二成分現像剤を補給することができ、現像剤収容部4内の現像剤全体の濃度を上げることができる。ここで、非常に高いトナー濃度に二成分現像剤とは、現像剤退避部7からトナー収容部5に流出した二成分現像剤が該トナー収容部5内のトナーTと撹拌混合された、磁性キャリアに対するトナー比率が非常に高い二成分現像剤のことである。   The developer retracting unit 7 temporarily stores the two-component developer 2 from the developer storing unit 4 via the circulation path 6 and temporarily stores the two-component developer 2 in the developer storing unit 4. Any mode in which the toner from the toner storage unit 5 and the two-component developer having a very high toner concentration are guided to the developer storage unit 4 by being insufficient or flowing. According to this aspect, the circulation in the developer accommodating portion 4 is improved, and the toner and the two-component developer flowing portion in the developer accommodating portion 4 which can be retreated by the developer retracting portion 7 are added to the toner and The two-component developer having a very high toner concentration can be replenished, and the concentration of the entire developer in the developer accommodating portion 4 can be increased. Here, the two-component developer having a very high toner concentration is a magnetic component in which the two-component developer flowing out from the developer retracting portion 7 to the toner accommodating portion 5 is agitated and mixed with the toner T in the toner accommodating portion 5. It is a two-component developer having a very high toner ratio with respect to the carrier.

さらに、循環路6は、一例として、現像剤収容部4と現像剤退避部7とを少なくとも二箇所で連通していることにより、現像剤収容部4からの二成分現像剤2が現像剤担持体3近傍から現像剤退避部7に進入し、再び現像剤収容部4へ戻る通路である。また、別の一例として、循環路6における現像剤流れ方向に対して上流側は現像剤収容部4と連通し下流側はトナー収容部5と連通していることにより、現像剤収容部4からの二成分現像剤2が現像剤担持体3近傍から現像剤退避部7に進入し、トナー収容部5に流出する通路である。なお、循環路6の位置及び大きさ等は適宜選定して差し支えない。   Further, as an example, the circulation path 6 communicates the developer accommodating portion 4 and the developer retracting portion 7 in at least two places, so that the two-component developer 2 from the developer accommodating portion 4 can carry the developer. This is a passage that enters the developer retracting portion 7 from the vicinity of the body 3 and returns to the developer containing portion 4 again. As another example, the upstream side with respect to the developer flow direction in the circulation path 6 communicates with the developer accommodating portion 4, and the downstream side communicates with the toner accommodating portion 5. The two-component developer 2 enters the developer retracting portion 7 from the vicinity of the developer carrying member 3 and flows out to the toner containing portion 5. Note that the position and size of the circulation path 6 may be appropriately selected.

また、余剰現像剤は、現像剤担持体3により担持搬送された二成分現像剤2のうち、像担持体9側へ搬送されない二成分現像剤2のことである。さらに、現像剤分離手段8は、現像剤担持体3により搬送される二成分現像剤2を、トナー濃度(磁性キャリアに対するトナー比率)に応じて分離するものであればよい。このとき、現像剤分離手段8は、トナー濃度に応じて二成分現像剤2の経路を異ならせる態様であるが、通常は、前記余剰現像剤のうち、低トナー濃度の二成分現像剤2を現像剤退避部7へ、高トナー濃度の二成分現像剤2を現像剤収容部4へ分離する態様が採用されている。   The surplus developer is the two-component developer 2 that is not conveyed to the image carrier 9 side among the two-component developer 2 carried and conveyed by the developer carrier 3. Further, the developer separating means 8 may be any one that separates the two-component developer 2 conveyed by the developer carrier 3 according to the toner concentration (the toner ratio with respect to the magnetic carrier). At this time, the developer separating means 8 is a mode in which the path of the two-component developer 2 is made different according to the toner concentration. Usually, the two-component developer 2 having a low toner concentration is used out of the excess developer. A mode is adopted in which the two-component developer 2 having a high toner concentration is separated into the developer accommodating portion 4 in the developer retracting portion 7.

また、本発明では現像剤収容部4内に、現像剤担持体3と対向し回転自在に形成された現像剤剥離供給手段13が設けられており、この現像剤剥離供給手段13は、現像剤担持体3との対向部近傍の間隙に磁界を形成し、且つ、この対向部近傍にて、現像剤担持体3上の二成分現像剤を一旦剥離させると共に、現像剤収容部4内の新たな二成分現像剤を現像剤担持体3に供給するように形成されている。   Further, in the present invention, a developer peeling supply means 13 that is rotatably formed facing the developer carrier 3 is provided in the developer accommodating portion 4. A magnetic field is formed in the gap in the vicinity of the facing portion with respect to the carrier 3, and the two-component developer on the developer carrier 3 is once separated in the vicinity of the facing portion, and a new one in the developer accommodating portion 4 is formed. Such a two-component developer is supplied to the developer carrier 3.

ここで、新たな二成分現像剤を供給するとは、一旦剥離された二成分現像剤をそのまま現像剤担持体3に供給するのではなく、現像剤収容部4内で撹拌混合された二成分現像剤を供給する意である。   Here, supplying a new two-component developer means that the two-component developer once peeled is not supplied to the developer carrier 3 as it is, but two-component development mixed and stirred in the developer container 4. The intention is to supply the agent.

また、現像剤剥離供給手段13は現像剤担持体3との間隙に磁界を形成する材料で形成されていればよく、例えば磁性体や着磁した金属ロールなどで形成することができる。   Further, the developer peeling supply means 13 only needs to be formed of a material that forms a magnetic field in the gap with the developer carrier 3, and can be formed of, for example, a magnetic material or a magnetized metal roll.

これにより、簡易な構成で現像剤担持体3との間隙に磁界が形成され、現像部より現像剤収容部4内に戻ってくる現像剤担持体3上の二成分現像剤2は、現像剤剥離供給手段13と対向している対向部近傍にて、一旦現像剤担持体3上から剥離され、回転軸と略直交する周方向に略沿ってこの二成分現像剤2が搬送される。そして、現像剤収容部4内にて新規の二成分現像剤及びトナーTと撹拌混合され、再び現像剤担持体3に供給される。   As a result, a magnetic field is formed in the gap with the developer carrier 3 with a simple configuration, and the two-component developer 2 on the developer carrier 3 returning from the developing unit into the developer container 4 is In the vicinity of the facing portion facing the peeling supply means 13, the developer is once peeled from the developer carrier 3, and the two-component developer 2 is conveyed substantially along the circumferential direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. Then, it is agitated and mixed with the new two-component developer and the toner T in the developer container 4 and supplied to the developer carrier 3 again.

なお、現像剤剥離供給手段13の形状は磁界により形成される二成分現像剤の穂立ちによって、剥離、撹拌、搬送が十分に行われるように円柱状に設定しているが、撹拌、搬送効率をさらに上げるためにパドル形状にしてもよいし、現像剤担持体3の軸方向への撹拌搬送を促進するために羽根を設けるなどしてもよく、適宜選択して構わない。このような現像剤剥離供給手段13を設けることで、現像剤担持体3上の二成分現像剤の入れ替わり性を格段に向上させることができる。   The shape of the developer peeling supply means 13 is set in a cylindrical shape so that peeling, stirring, and conveyance are sufficiently performed by the rising of the two-component developer formed by a magnetic field. In order to further increase the thickness, a paddle shape may be used, or a blade may be provided to promote agitation and conveyance of the developer carrier 3 in the axial direction, which may be appropriately selected. By providing such a developer peeling supply means 13, the interchangeability of the two-component developer on the developer carrier 3 can be remarkably improved.

また、このような現像剤剥離供給手段13により、上述の現像剤担持体3上の二成分現像剤2の剥離、撹拌、供給をより効果的に行うためには、現像剤剥離供給手段13には、磁界発生手段が設けられていることが好ましい。   In order to more effectively remove, stir, and supply the two-component developer 2 on the developer carrier 3 by using the developer peeling supply unit 13, the developer peeling supply unit 13 may Is preferably provided with a magnetic field generating means.

例えば、現像剤剥離供給手段13を回転自在の磁極ロールにて構成し、この磁極ロールに、N極、S極の磁極を交互に均等な間隔で配置した態様が挙げられる。   For example, the developer peeling supply means 13 is constituted by a rotatable magnetic pole roll, and N pole and S pole magnetic poles are alternately arranged at equal intervals on this magnetic pole roll.

なお、複数の固定磁極の周囲に回転自在の回転スリーブを設けた態様としてもよい。   Note that a rotatable sleeve may be provided around the plurality of fixed magnetic poles.

さらに、現像剤担持体3により搬送担持された二成分現像剤2のうち余剰現像剤をせき止め、この余剰現像剤が像担持体9側へ搬送されないようにするために、例えば、現像剤分離手段8は、現像剤担持体3に対向配置されて余剰現像剤がせき止められるせき止め部11を有することが好ましい。   Further, in order to prevent the excess developer from being damped out of the two-component developer 2 conveyed and supported by the developer carrier 3 and to prevent this excess developer from being conveyed to the image carrier 9 side, for example, a developer separating unit. It is preferable that 8 has a damming portion 11 which is disposed so as to face the developer carrier 3 and dams excess developer.

さらにまた、現像剤分離手段8は、現像剤担持体3に設けられた磁界発生手段1である磁極10(例えば搬送磁極10b)を含むことが好ましい。   Furthermore, the developer separating means 8 preferably includes a magnetic pole 10 (for example, a transport magnetic pole 10b) which is a magnetic field generating means 1 provided on the developer carrier 3.

この場合、トナー濃度が低い二成分現像剤2では、現像剤中のトナー量が少ないため、単位体積当たりの磁性キャリア密度が高く、外部磁界から受ける磁気吸引力は大きいが、一方、トナー濃度が高い二成分現像剤2では、磁性キャリアの表面を覆うトナー量が多いため、単位体積当たりの磁性キャリア密度が小さくなって現像剤の磁化が低下し、外部から受ける磁気吸引力は小さくなるという性質を利用しているものである。   In this case, in the two-component developer 2 having a low toner concentration, since the amount of toner in the developer is small, the magnetic carrier density per unit volume is high and the magnetic attraction force received from the external magnetic field is large. Since the high two-component developer 2 has a large amount of toner covering the surface of the magnetic carrier, the magnetic carrier density per unit volume is reduced, the developer magnetization is reduced, and the magnetic attractive force received from the outside is reduced. It is something that uses.

上述したように、せき止め部11と磁極10とを組み合せてなる現像剤分離手段8によれば、現像剤担持体3によって搬送された二成分現像剤2が低トナー濃度である場合、現像剤担持体3内部に引き付けられる磁気吸引力が大きいために現像剤担持体3の回転による二成分現像剤2に対する搬送力が強くなり、せき止め部11のせき止め力と搬送磁極10bの磁気的拘束力によって滞留している二成分現像剤(低トナー濃度)2を押し出し、この押し出された低トナー濃度の二成分現像剤2は、現像剤退避部7へ移動する。   As described above, according to the developer separating means 8 comprising the combination of the damming portion 11 and the magnetic pole 10, when the two-component developer 2 conveyed by the developer carrier 3 has a low toner concentration, the developer carrying Since the magnetic attractive force attracted to the inside of the body 3 is large, the conveyance force to the two-component developer 2 due to the rotation of the developer carrier 3 is increased, and the retention force is retained by the damming force of the damming portion 11 and the magnetic restraining force of the conveyance magnetic pole 10b. The two-component developer (low toner concentration) 2 being pushed out is pushed out, and the pushed-out two-component developer 2 with low toner concentration moves to the developer retracting section 7.

一方、現像剤担持体3によって搬送された二成分現像剤2が高トナー濃度である場合、現像剤担持体3内部に引き付けられる磁気吸引力が小さいために現像剤担持体3の回転による二成分現像剤2に対する搬送力が弱く、せき止め部11に滞留している二成分現像剤2を押し出せない。よって、せき止め部11によって滞留している二成分現像剤2まで到達することなく途中で落下し、現像剤収容部4へ戻る。この作動は、上述したトナー濃度の違いによる性質を利用したものである。   On the other hand, when the two-component developer 2 conveyed by the developer carrier 3 has a high toner concentration, the two-component developer generated by the rotation of the developer carrier 3 because the magnetic attraction force attracted inside the developer carrier 3 is small. The conveyance force with respect to the developer 2 is weak, and the two-component developer 2 staying in the damming portion 11 cannot be pushed out. Accordingly, the two-component developer 2 staying in the damming portion 11 falls without reaching the two-component developer 2 and returns to the developer accommodating portion 4. This operation utilizes the above-described property due to the difference in toner density.

また、現像剤担持体3上における二成分現像剤2の穂立ち状態を多く形成し、二成分現像剤2をせき止め部11でせき止めるという観点から、現像剤分離手段8は、現像剤担持体3の現像剤搬送方向に対して搬送磁極10bの下流側に隣接配置されるせき止め部11を有することが好ましい。このとき、現像剤分離手段8として、現像剤担持体3における磁界発生手段1である磁極10の配設位置や磁界強度を変化させるようにすれば、現像剤収容部4又は現像剤退避部7へ分離される二成分現像剤2について、分離すべきトナー濃度の程度を可変設定することができる。   In addition, from the viewpoint of forming a lot of rising states of the two-component developer 2 on the developer carrier 3 and blocking the two-component developer 2 by the damming portion 11, the developer separating means 8 is provided with the developer carrier 3. It is preferable to have a damming portion 11 disposed adjacent to the downstream side of the conveyance magnetic pole 10b with respect to the developer conveyance direction. At this time, if the arrangement position and magnetic field strength of the magnetic pole 10 which is the magnetic field generating means 1 in the developer carrier 3 are changed as the developer separating means 8, the developer accommodating portion 4 or the developer retracting portion 7. For the two-component developer 2 to be separated, the degree of toner density to be separated can be variably set.

また、現像剤担持体3により搬送される二成分現像剤2の量を規制する規制部材を別に設けることなく、二成分現像剤2の層厚を規制するという観点から、せき止め部11は、現像剤担持体3に担持される現像剤層が規制せしめられる規制部材を兼用することが好ましい。   Further, from the viewpoint of regulating the layer thickness of the two-component developer 2 without separately providing a regulating member that regulates the amount of the two-component developer 2 conveyed by the developer carrier 3, the damming portion 11 is used for developing. It is preferable to also use a regulating member that regulates the developer layer carried on the agent carrying body 3.

また、現像剤退避部7における低トナー濃度の二成分現像剤2を、容易に現像剤収容部4またはトナー収容部5へ誘導させるという観点から、現像剤退避部7と現像剤収容部4とを隔てる仕切り部12は、現像剤退避部7内の二成分現像剤2を現像剤収容部4またはトナー収容部5のいずれかにより多くの現像剤を導くように傾斜していることが好ましい。   From the viewpoint of easily guiding the two-component developer 2 having a low toner concentration in the developer retracting portion 7 to the developer accommodating portion 4 or the toner accommodating portion 5, the developer retracting portion 7, the developer accommodating portion 4, and the like. It is preferable that the partitioning section 12 that separates the two-component developer 2 in the developer retracting section 7 is inclined so as to guide more developer to either the developer storage section 4 or the toner storage section 5.

この仕切り部12は、現像剤担持体3側が反対側の端よりも高く設定されていることが好ましいが、この態様に限らず、仕切り部12の中心を低く設定し、この部分に現像剤収容部4またはトナー収容部5へ通じる循環路6を設ける等、適宜選定して差し支えない。さらに、現像剤担持体3に対する二成分現像剤2の供給量を確保するという観点から、現像剤退避部7及び現像剤収容部4間の仕切り部12と現像剤担持体3との間隙は、せき止め部11と現像剤担持体3との間隙よりも大きく設定されていることが好ましい。   The partition portion 12 is preferably set higher on the developer carrier 3 side than the opposite end. However, the present invention is not limited to this mode, and the center of the partition portion 12 is set low, and the developer is accommodated in this portion. The circulation path 6 leading to the section 4 or the toner storage section 5 may be appropriately selected. Further, from the viewpoint of securing the supply amount of the two-component developer 2 to the developer carrier 3, the gap between the developer retracting portion 7 and the partition portion 12 between the developer accommodating portion 4 and the developer carrier 3 is: It is preferable that the gap is set larger than the gap between the damming portion 11 and the developer carrier 3.

また、本発明は上述した現像装置に限られるものではなく、これらの現像装置を用いて、像担持体9上の静電潜像を可視像化する画像形成装置をも対象とする。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described developing device, and an image forming apparatus that visualizes an electrostatic latent image on the image carrier 9 using these developing devices is also a subject.

現像剤担持体との間隙に磁界を形成する現像剤剥離供給手段を設けることで、現像剤担持体上の二成分現像剤の入れ替わり性が格段にアップし、画像履歴が発生しない安定した画像品質を保持できる現像装置及びこれを用いた画像形成装置を実現することができる。   By providing a developer stripping supply means that forms a magnetic field in the gap with the developer carrier, the interchangeability of the two-component developer on the developer carrier is significantly improved, and stable image quality that does not cause image history Can be realized, and an image forming apparatus using the same can be realized.

以下、添付図面に示す実施の形態に基づいて本発明を詳細に説明する。
<実施の形態>
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
<Embodiment>

まず、本発明に係る現像装置を含む画像形成装置の概略構成について、図2を参照して説明する。図2は、本発明に係る画像形成装置の一実施の形態を示す概略構成図である。   First, a schematic configuration of an image forming apparatus including a developing device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an image forming apparatus according to the present invention.

図2において、符号21は、矢印方向に回転する有機感光体からなる静電潜像担持体であり、この静電潜像担持体21はスコロトロンなどの帯電装置22によって帯電され、レーザ書込み装置やLEDアレイを有する露光装置23によって静電潜像が書き込まれる。この静電潜像は、光の当たった静電潜像担持体21表面電位が低下し、光の当たっていない高電位部分とのコントラストによる電位画像として形成される。また、現像装置24は、現像ハウジング31内に着色粒子であるトナー及びキャリアからなる二成分現像剤を収容し、現像剤担持体32に前記二成分現像剤を担持させ、この現像剤担持体32にバイアス電源25からの現像バイアスを印加することで、現像剤担持体32を静電潜像の高電位部と低電位部との中間電位に保持し、静電潜像の画像部を帯電されたトナーにて現像するようにしたものである。さらに、転写装置26は、例えば静電潜像担持体21に接触配置される転写ロールにて構成され、バイアス電源27によって静電潜像担持体21上のトナー像が引き付けられる方向の転写バイアスを印加されることで、静電潜像担持体21上のトナー像を記録材28に転写させるようにしたものである。また、静電潜像担持体21上に残留したトナーは、例えばドクターブレード式のクリーニング装置29によって除去される。   In FIG. 2, reference numeral 21 denotes an electrostatic latent image carrier made of an organic photoreceptor that rotates in the direction of the arrow. The electrostatic latent image carrier 21 is charged by a charging device 22 such as a scorotron, An electrostatic latent image is written by the exposure device 23 having an LED array. This electrostatic latent image is formed as a potential image based on a contrast with a high potential portion not exposed to light because the surface potential of the electrostatic latent image carrier 21 exposed to light is lowered. Further, the developing device 24 accommodates a two-component developer composed of toner and carrier as colored particles in a developing housing 31, and supports the two-component developer on a developer carrier 32, and this developer carrier 32. By applying a developing bias from the bias power source 25 to the toner, the developer carrier 32 is held at an intermediate potential between the high potential portion and the low potential portion of the electrostatic latent image, and the image portion of the electrostatic latent image is charged. The toner is developed with toner. Further, the transfer device 26 is constituted by, for example, a transfer roll disposed in contact with the electrostatic latent image carrier 21, and applies a transfer bias in a direction in which the toner image on the electrostatic latent image carrier 21 is attracted by the bias power source 27. By being applied, the toner image on the electrostatic latent image carrier 21 is transferred to the recording material 28. The toner remaining on the electrostatic latent image carrier 21 is removed by, for example, a doctor blade type cleaning device 29.

さらに、本実施の形態において、静電潜像担持体21上のトナー像を転写された記録材28は、定着装置50に搬送され、この定着装置50によりトナー像は、記録材28に定着される。定着装置50は、例えばヒートロール方式で、加熱ロール51と加圧ロール52とを有し、この加熱ロール51と加圧ロール52との間に記録材28を通過させることによりトナー像を記録材28に定着するようになっている。   Further, in the present embodiment, the recording material 28 to which the toner image on the electrostatic latent image carrier 21 is transferred is conveyed to the fixing device 50, and the toner image is fixed to the recording material 28 by the fixing device 50. The The fixing device 50 has, for example, a heat roll method, and includes a heating roll 51 and a pressure roll 52. By passing the recording material 28 between the heating roll 51 and the pressure roll 52, the toner image is recorded. 28 is fixed.

次に、本実施の形態に係る現像装置の構成について、図3を参照して説明する。図3(a)は本実施の形態に係る現像装置の概要を示す構成図であり、(b)は仕切り部及びその周辺部の拡大図であり、(c)はる。   Next, the configuration of the developing device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3A is a configuration diagram showing an outline of the developing device according to the present embodiment, FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a partition portion and its peripheral portion, and FIG.

図3において、現像装置24は、静電潜像担持体21に向かって開口する現像ハウジング31を有し、この現像ハウジング31の開口に面して現像剤担持体32を配設し、現像ハウジング31のうち、現像剤担持体32に隣接した部位には二成分現像剤Gが収容される現像剤収容部33と、現像剤担持体32に隣接し、現像剤収容部33に対して現像剤担持体32の現像剤搬送方向下流側に設けられる現像剤退避部34と、現像剤収容部33を介して現像剤担持体32に連通し且つトナーT及び現像剤退避部34から流出した二成分現像剤Gを収容するトナー収容部35とを形成したものである。   In FIG. 3, the developing device 24 has a developing housing 31 that opens toward the electrostatic latent image carrier 21, and a developer carrier 32 is disposed facing the opening of the developing housing 31. 31, a developer accommodating portion 33 that accommodates the two-component developer G in a portion adjacent to the developer bearing member 32, and a developer that is adjacent to the developer bearing member 32 and is located with respect to the developer accommodating portion 33. A developer retracting portion 34 provided on the downstream side of the carrier 32 in the developer transport direction, and a two-component communicating with the developer carrier 32 via the developer accommodating portion 33 and flowing out of the toner T and the developer retracting portion 34. A toner storage unit 35 that stores the developer G is formed.

なお、本実施の形態において、二成分現像剤Gは、トナーTと磁性キャリアからなる現像剤であり、トナーTは、例えば非磁性トナーを用いるが、磁性キャリアと磁気特性が異なるものであれば、磁性トナーを用いても差し支えない。   In the present embodiment, the two-component developer G is a developer composed of toner T and a magnetic carrier, and the toner T uses, for example, a non-magnetic toner. Magnetic toner may be used.

また、本実施の形態において、現像剤担持体32は、回転可能な回転スリーブ321と、この回転スリーブ321の内部に固定的に配設された磁極ロール322とを備えている。上記磁極ロール322は、例えば、ロール本体中心Oを通る水平面右側に合わせて搬送磁極(本例ではS2)を配設し、回転スリーブ321の回転方向(反時計回り)に対し、搬送磁極(S2)から下流側へ30°間隔で搬送磁極(本例ではN2)と、現像磁極(本例ではS1)とを配設する一方、搬送磁極(S2)から上流側へ30°間隔でピックアップ磁極(本例ではN1)と、ピックオフ磁極(本例ではN4)と、搬送磁極(本例ではS3)と、搬送磁極(本例ではN3)とを配置したものである。なお、本実施の形態において、現像磁極(S1)は、静電潜像担持体21に対向し、ピックアップ磁極(N1)は、現像剤収容部33内の二成分現像剤Gを捕獲するようになっている。さらに、ピックアップ磁極(N1)に隣接するピックオフ磁極(N4)をピックアップ磁極(N1)と同極に設定することで反発極が形成され、現像剤担持体32上の二成分現像剤Gがここで現像剤担持体32より離脱するようになっている。もちろん、磁極パターンについてはこの限りでなく、各々の磁極の配置や数は適宜選定して差し支えない。   Further, in the present embodiment, the developer carrier 32 includes a rotatable rotating sleeve 321 and a magnetic pole roll 322 fixedly disposed inside the rotating sleeve 321. The magnetic pole roll 322 has, for example, a conveying magnetic pole (S2 in this example) aligned with the right side of the horizontal plane passing through the roll body center O, and the conveying magnetic pole (S2) with respect to the rotation direction (counterclockwise) of the rotating sleeve 321. ) From the transport magnetic pole (S2) to the upstream side at 30 ° intervals, while the transport magnetic pole (N2 in this example) and the developing magnetic pole (S1 in this example) are arranged downstream from the transport magnetic pole (30). In this example, N1), a pick-off magnetic pole (N4 in this example), a transport magnetic pole (S3 in this example), and a transport magnetic pole (N3 in this example) are arranged. In the present embodiment, the developing magnetic pole (S1) faces the electrostatic latent image carrier 21, and the pickup magnetic pole (N1) captures the two-component developer G in the developer containing portion 33. It has become. Further, the repulsion pole is formed by setting the pick-off magnetic pole (N4) adjacent to the pickup magnetic pole (N1) to the same polarity as the pickup magnetic pole (N1), and the two-component developer G on the developer carrier 32 is here. The developer is separated from the developer carrier 32. Of course, the magnetic pole pattern is not limited to this, and the arrangement and number of magnetic poles may be appropriately selected.

一方、回転スリーブ321は、反時計回りに回転すると共に、磁極ロール322の現像磁極(S1)が配設される現像部において、静電潜像担持体21と対向するようになっている。   On the other hand, the rotating sleeve 321 rotates counterclockwise, and faces the electrostatic latent image carrier 21 in the developing portion where the developing magnetic pole (S1) of the magnetic pole roll 322 is disposed.

また、本実施の形態において、現像剤収容部33は二成分現像剤Gが収容されるスペースを有し、現像剤収容部33内のうち現像剤担持体32に近接(又は接触)した部位に、現像剤剥離供給手段である、例えば、現像剤撹拌部材36が回転自在(反時計回り)に配設されている。さらに、現像剤収容部33の底部形状は、現像剤担持体32及び現像剤撹拌部材36に沿った湾曲形状をしており、現像剤担持体32、現像剤撹拌部材36との間に所定間隔の現像剤搬送路を確保している。   Further, in the present embodiment, the developer accommodating portion 33 has a space for accommodating the two-component developer G, and the developer accommodating portion 33 is located near (or in contact with) the developer carrying member 32. For example, a developer stirring member 36, which is a developer peeling supply means, is rotatably disposed (counterclockwise). Further, the bottom shape of the developer container 33 has a curved shape along the developer carrier 32 and the developer agitating member 36, and a predetermined interval is provided between the developer carrier 32 and the developer agitating member 36. The developer transport path is secured.

また、本実施の形態において、現像剤剥離供給手段である現像剤撹拌部材36は、図3(c)に示すように、例えば複数の磁極(N極、S極)を交互に略均等間隔で配設着磁した回転自在の磁極ロールからなるが、現像剤担持体32との間隙に磁界を形成すればよく、磁性体からなるロールであってもよい。また、現像剤担持体32の軸方向における撹拌性を向上させるためにスパイラル状のオーガ形状やロールの円周上に羽根を設けたブレンダー形状にしてもよく、複数配設しても差し支えない。さらに、複数の固定磁極の周囲に回転スリーブを設けた構成としてもよい。   In the present embodiment, the developer agitating member 36, which is a developer peeling supply means, as shown in FIG. 3C, for example, has a plurality of magnetic poles (N pole, S pole) alternately at substantially equal intervals. Although the magnetic pole roll is arranged and magnetized, the magnetic pole roll may be formed in the gap between the developer carrier 32 and the roll made of a magnetic substance. Further, in order to improve the stirring property in the axial direction of the developer carrier 32, a spiral auger shape, a blender shape provided with blades on the circumference of the roll, or a plurality of them may be provided. Furthermore, it is good also as a structure which provided the rotation sleeve around the some fixed magnetic pole.

この現像剤撹拌部材36は、静電潜像担持体21と対向している現像部から現像剤収容部33に戻ってくる現像剤担持体32上の二成分現像剤Gをピックオフ磁極(N4)付近にて、磁極ロールの磁界によって剥離捕獲する。そして、現像剤担持体32及びトナー収容部35との連通方向(回転軸と略直交する周方向)に二成分現像剤Gを搬送し、現像剤収容部33内にて新規の二成分現像剤G及びトナーTと撹拌混合する。その後、撹拌混合された二成分現像剤Gは、現像剤担持体32のピックアップ磁極(N1)近傍で捕獲され、現像剤担持体32の回転スリーブ321の回転により担持搬送されるようになっている。   The developer agitating member 36 picks up the two-component developer G on the developer carrier 32 returning to the developer container 33 from the developing unit facing the electrostatic latent image carrier 21 and picks off the magnetic pole (N4). In the vicinity, the separation is captured by the magnetic field of the magnetic pole roll. Then, the two-component developer G is transported in the communication direction (a circumferential direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis) between the developer carrier 32 and the toner container 35, and a new two-component developer is developed in the developer container 33. G and toner T are mixed with stirring. Thereafter, the two-component developer G that has been stirred and mixed is captured in the vicinity of the pickup magnetic pole (N1) of the developer carrier 32, and is carried and conveyed by the rotation of the rotating sleeve 321 of the developer carrier 32. .

さらに、本実施の形態において、トナー収容部35には、収容されるトナーT及び現像剤退避部34から流出する二成分現像剤Gが撹拌搬送せしめられるトナー撹拌部材351を有しており、このトナー撹拌部材351は、例えば回転体に弾性フィルムを付けたもので、トナー収容部35の底壁面に沿ってトナーT及び現像剤退避部34から流出する二成分現像剤Gを掃き出すようにしたものである。   Further, in the present embodiment, the toner storage unit 35 includes a toner stirring member 351 that can stir and convey the toner T stored and the two-component developer G flowing out from the developer retracting unit 34. The toner agitating member 351 is, for example, an elastic film attached to a rotating body, and sweeps out the toner T and the two-component developer G flowing out from the developer retracting portion 34 along the bottom wall surface of the toner containing portion 35. It is.

そして、このトナー収容部35の底部形状は、トナー撹拌部材351の移動回転軌跡に沿う湾曲状を有しており、現像剤収容部33とトナー収容部35との間の連結部には、トナー供給口37が設けられている。   The bottom shape of the toner containing portion 35 has a curved shape along the movement rotation locus of the toner agitating member 351, and the connecting portion between the developer containing portion 33 and the toner containing portion 35 has a toner shape. A supply port 37 is provided.

また、本実施の形態において、現像剤収容部33と現像剤退避部34との間は、仕切り部39にて隔てられている。   In the present embodiment, the developer accommodating portion 33 and the developer retracting portion 34 are separated by a partition portion 39.

この仕切り部39は、例えば図3(b)に示すように、現像剤担持体32と同程度の幅で形成されたベースプレート39aを有し、このベースプレート39aは、現像剤担持体32側が上方で、その反対側が下方となるように斜め下方に向かって傾斜配置されている。該ベースプレート39aの傾斜部長さは傾斜上を流れる現像剤が現像剤収容部33に流れ込むような長さに設定されており、傾斜上を流れる現像剤の内、一部が現像剤収容部33へ余剰分がトナー収容部35へ流出する。しかし、この傾斜部の長さは傾斜板上を流れる現像剤全てがトナー収容部35へ流れ込むような値に設定してもよい。そして、ベースプレート39aのうち、現像剤担持体32側に位置する先端部39bは、現像剤担持体32内の搬送磁極(N2)の直上、あるいは搬送磁極(N2)から現像剤搬送方向上流側(時計回り方向側)の位置において、現像剤担持体32の表面と数百μm〜数mmの位置で対向している。   For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the partition portion 39 has a base plate 39a formed with a width approximately the same as that of the developer carrier 32. The base plate 39a has a developer carrier 32 side facing upward. , And are arranged obliquely downward so that the opposite side is downward. The length of the inclined portion of the base plate 39a is set such that the developer flowing on the inclination flows into the developer containing portion 33, and a part of the developer flowing on the inclined portion is transferred to the developer containing portion 33. The surplus part flows out to the toner storage unit 35. However, the length of the inclined portion may be set to a value such that all the developer flowing on the inclined plate flows into the toner containing portion 35. The tip 39b of the base plate 39a located on the developer carrier 32 side is directly above the transport magnetic pole (N2) in the developer carrier 32 or upstream from the transport magnetic pole (N2) in the developer transport direction ( The surface of the developer carrier 32 is opposed to the surface of the developer carrier 32 at a position of several hundred μm to several mm.

一方、先端部39bの反対側である他端部39cは、前述したトナー供給口37の上側壁面を形成するような形状となっている。なお、ベースプレート39aの傾斜角度は任意に設定して差し支えない。   On the other hand, the other end 39c opposite to the tip 39b is shaped to form the upper wall surface of the toner supply port 37 described above. The inclination angle of the base plate 39a may be arbitrarily set.

また、本実施の形態において、仕切り部39の先端部39bと現像剤担持体32との間、及びトナー供給口37について、現像剤退避部34と現像剤収容部33とを連通している循環路40が形成されている。   Further, in the present embodiment, circulation between the tip end portion 39 b of the partition portion 39 and the developer carrier 32 and the toner supply port 37 is made to communicate the developer retracting portion 34 and the developer containing portion 33. A path 40 is formed.

上記循環路40は、例えば、現像剤収容部33内の二成分現像剤Gが先端部39b側から現像剤退避部34に流入し、この流入した二成分現像剤Gが他端部39c側からトナー供給口37を介し、現像剤収容部33に流出する経路になっている。このとき、他端部39c側から流出する二成分現像剤Gは全てがトナー供給口37を介し現像剤収容部33に流出するのではなく、過剰分はトナー収容部35へ流出する。   In the circulation path 40, for example, the two-component developer G in the developer accommodating portion 33 flows into the developer retracting portion 34 from the tip end portion 39b side, and the inflowed two-component developer G flows from the other end portion 39c side. This is a path that flows out to the developer container 33 through the toner supply port 37. At this time, not all of the two-component developer G flowing out from the other end portion 39 c side flows out to the developer accommodating portion 33 through the toner supply port 37, but the excess amount flows out to the toner accommodating portion 35.

さらに、本実施の形態では、現像剤担持体32内の搬送磁極(N2)から現像剤搬送方向下流側(反時計回り方向側)の位置において、搬送磁極(N2)と現像磁極(S1)との間には、現像剤担持体32と対向するようにせき止め部41が配設されている。このせき止め部41は、現像剤担持体32と同程度の幅を有し、一端を現像ハウジング31により支持され、先端部を数十μm〜数百μm程度の間隙で現像剤担持体32に近接させている。   Further, in the present embodiment, the transport magnetic pole (N2), the development magnetic pole (S1), and the transport magnetic pole (N2) in the developer carrier 32 are positioned downstream of the transport magnetic pole (N2) in the developer transport direction (counterclockwise direction side). Between them, a damming portion 41 is disposed so as to face the developer carrier 32. The damming portion 41 has the same width as the developer carrier 32, one end is supported by the development housing 31, and the tip is close to the developer carrier 32 with a gap of several tens to several hundreds of μm. I am letting.

なお、本実施の形態では、せき止め部41に多くの二成分現像剤Gを供給するために、仕切り部39の先端部39bと現像剤担持体32との間隙は、せき止め部41と現像剤担持体32との間隙よりも広く設定されている。   In the present embodiment, since a large amount of the two-component developer G is supplied to the damming portion 41, the gap between the tip 39b of the partitioning portion 39 and the developer carrier 32 is set at the damming portion 41 and the developer carrying member. It is set wider than the gap with the body 32.

また、本実施の形態では、せき止め部41は、現像剤担持体32により担持搬送される二成分現像剤Gの層厚を規制する層厚規制機能を兼ねているが、層厚規制機能とは別にしてもよい。この場合、例えば、せき止め部41と現像磁極(S1)との間に層厚規制部材42を設ける態様が挙げられる。   In the present embodiment, the damming portion 41 also serves as a layer thickness regulating function that regulates the layer thickness of the two-component developer G carried and conveyed by the developer carrier 32. What is the layer thickness regulating function? You may make another. In this case, for example, a mode in which the layer thickness regulating member 42 is provided between the damming portion 41 and the developing magnetic pole (S1) can be mentioned.

次に、本実施の形態に係る画像形成装置の作動について、現像装置を中心に説明する。   Next, the operation of the image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described focusing on the developing device.

図3において、現像剤収容部33における二成分現像剤Gは、現像剤撹拌部材36により撹拌され、現像剤担持体32内のピックアップ磁極(N1)によって捕獲される。この後、捕獲された二成分現像剤Gは、ピックアップ磁極(N1)及び搬送磁極(S2)の磁気吸引力と現像剤担持体32表面との摩擦力により、現像剤担持体32(回転スリーブ321)の回転方向に搬送される。この搬送された二成分現像剤Gは、せき止め部41の近傍に到達すると、搬送磁極(N2)により穂立ちを形成する。さらに、この二成分現像剤Gの穂立ちは、せき止め部41にて規制されることにより、現像剤層として現像剤担持体32上に形成され、この現像剤層は、現像領域に搬送される。さらに、現像領域に搬送された二成分現像剤Gの現像剤層は、現像磁極(S1)の磁気吸引力により磁気ブラシを形成し、この磁気ブラシを形成する二成分現像剤GにおけるトナーTは、静電潜像担持体21と現像剤担持体32との間に形成される現像電界によって、静電潜像担持体21上の静電潜像を可視像化する。   In FIG. 3, the two-component developer G in the developer accommodating portion 33 is agitated by the developer agitating member 36 and captured by the pickup magnetic pole (N1) in the developer carrier 32. Thereafter, the two-component developer G that has been captured is subjected to the developer carrier 32 (rotating sleeve 321) by the magnetic attraction force of the pickup magnetic pole (N1) and the transport magnetic pole (S2) and the frictional force between the surface of the developer carrier 32. ) In the rotation direction. When the transported two-component developer G reaches the vicinity of the damming portion 41, a spike is formed by the transport magnetic pole (N2). Further, the rising of the two-component developer G is regulated by the damming portion 41, so that the developer layer is formed on the developer carrier 32, and this developer layer is conveyed to the development area. . Further, the developer layer of the two-component developer G conveyed to the development area forms a magnetic brush by the magnetic attraction force of the developing magnetic pole (S1), and the toner T in the two-component developer G forming this magnetic brush is The electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image carrier 21 is visualized by a developing electric field formed between the electrostatic latent image carrier 21 and the developer carrier 32.

その後、二成分現像剤Gは現像剤担持体32によって現像剤収容部33内に搬送され、ピックオフ磁極(N4)付近でピックアップ磁極(N1)との反発効果と現像剤撹拌部材36との間隙で形成される磁界の吸引効果と、現像剤撹拌部材36上に形成される磁気ブラシによる摺擦効果により現像剤担持体32上から剥離される。剥離された二成分現像剤Gは現像剤撹拌部材36により前記連通方向に搬送され、現像剤収容部33内にて新規の二成分現像剤及びトナーTと撹拌混合される。さらに、撹拌混合された二成分現像剤Gは現像剤担持体32のピックアップ磁極(N1)近傍で捕獲され、現像剤担持体32の回転スリーブ321の回転により担持搬送される。   Thereafter, the two-component developer G is transported into the developer accommodating portion 33 by the developer carrier 32, and in the gap between the pick-up magnetic pole (N1) and the pick-up magnetic pole (N1) and the developer agitating member 36 near the pick-off magnetic pole (N4). The developer is peeled off from the developer carrying member 32 by the effect of attracting the magnetic field to be formed and the rubbing effect by the magnetic brush formed on the developer stirring member 36. The peeled two-component developer G is conveyed in the communication direction by the developer stirring member 36 and is stirred and mixed with the new two-component developer and the toner T in the developer containing portion 33. Further, the agitated and mixed two-component developer G is captured in the vicinity of the pickup magnetic pole (N 1) of the developer carrier 32 and is carried and conveyed by the rotation of the rotating sleeve 321 of the developer carrier 32.

次に、せき止め部41付近における二成分現像剤Gの挙動について、図4〜図7を参照して説明する。   Next, the behavior of the two-component developer G in the vicinity of the damming portion 41 will be described with reference to FIGS.

まず、図4において、現像剤担持体32により担持搬送される二成分現像剤Gのトナー濃度が低い場合を想定する。この二成分現像剤Gは、現像剤中のトナー量が少ないことから、比較的単位体積当たりの磁性キャリア密度が大きくなっている。つまり、外部磁界(本例ではN2)から二成分現像剤Gが受ける磁気吸引力は大きくなるため、トナー濃度の低い二成分現像剤Gは、せき止め部41近傍まで確実に搬送される。このせき止め部41まで確実に搬送された二成分現像剤Gは、せき止め部41のせき止め力と搬送磁極(N2)の磁気拘束力によって、せき止め部41近傍に滞留している滞留現像剤を押し出し、この押し出された滞留現像剤は、落下現像剤となって仕切り部39上に落下し、図5に示すように、現像剤退避部34を経て、その後、現像剤収容部33又はトナー収容部35へ流れ込む。   First, in FIG. 4, it is assumed that the toner density of the two-component developer G carried and conveyed by the developer carrier 32 is low. Since the two-component developer G has a small amount of toner in the developer, the magnetic carrier density per unit volume is relatively large. That is, since the magnetic attraction force received by the two-component developer G from the external magnetic field (N2 in this example) increases, the two-component developer G having a low toner concentration is reliably conveyed to the vicinity of the damming portion 41. The two-component developer G reliably transported to the damming portion 41 pushes out the staying developer staying near the damming portion 41 by the damming force of the damming portion 41 and the magnetic restraining force of the conveying magnetic pole (N2). The pushed-out staying developer becomes a falling developer and falls onto the partition portion 39, and passes through the developer retracting portion 34 as shown in FIG. 5, and thereafter, the developer accommodating portion 33 or the toner accommodating portion 35. Flow into.

このとき、上記のようにトナー濃度の低い二成分現像剤Gが現像剤退避部34に導かれた場合、図5に示すように、現像剤収容部33内にはその分だけスペースが作られることになる。その結果、トナー供給口37から現像剤収容部33に至るまでのトナー供給路43にあった二成分現像剤Gは、現像剤撹拌部材36の搬送力と二成分現像剤Gの自重により、上記スペースに速やかに引き込まれトナー供給口37付近の二成分現像剤が流動する。これにより、トナー供給口37は、トナー収容部35からのトナーT及び高いトナー濃度の二成分現像剤Gを受け入れ、このトナーT及び非常に高い濃トナー濃度の二成分現像剤Gは、トナー供給路43を経て現像剤収容部33へと速やかに供給される。   At this time, when the two-component developer G having a low toner concentration is introduced to the developer retracting portion 34 as described above, a space is created in the developer accommodating portion 33 as shown in FIG. It will be. As a result, the two-component developer G that has been in the toner supply path 43 from the toner supply port 37 to the developer accommodating portion 33 is caused by the conveyance force of the developer agitating member 36 and the weight of the two-component developer G. The two-component developer in the vicinity of the toner supply port 37 flows as soon as it is drawn into the space. As a result, the toner supply port 37 receives the toner T and the two-component developer G having a high toner density from the toner container 35, and the toner T and the two-component developer G having a very high dark toner density are supplied to the toner. The toner is quickly supplied to the developer accommodating portion 33 through the path 43.

一方、現像剤担持体32により担持搬送される二成分現像剤Gのトナー濃度が高い場合を想定すると、この二成分現像剤Gは、磁性キャリアの表面を覆うトナー量が多いことから、比較的単位体積当たりの磁性キャリア密度が小さい。つまり、図6に示すように外部磁界(本例ではN2)から二成分現像剤Gが受ける磁気吸引力は小さいため、トナー濃度の高い二成分現像剤Gの多くは、現像剤担持体32の回転方向に対して仕切り部39の先端よりも上流側の位置で落下してしまう。この結果、この二成分現像剤Gは、せき止め部41近傍に滞留している滞留現像剤まで到達することなく、仕切り部39上に落下しない。このため、図7に示すように、この二成分現像剤Gは、仕切り部39上に落下することなく、現像剤担持体32の回転方向に対して仕切り部39の先端部39bより上流側の位置で落下し、直接現像剤収容部33へ戻る。このとき、前記トナー濃度が低い場合と異なり、現像剤収容部33内にスペースが作られず、トナー供給口37付近の二成分現像剤Gは流動しないので、二成分現像剤Gによりふさがれている状態となり、トナー収容部35からトナーT及び非常に高いトナー濃度の二成分現像剤Gを供給されない。   On the other hand, assuming that the toner concentration of the two-component developer G carried and conveyed by the developer carrier 32 is high, the two-component developer G has a large amount of toner covering the surface of the magnetic carrier, The magnetic carrier density per unit volume is small. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, since the magnetic attraction force received by the two-component developer G from the external magnetic field (N2 in this example) is small, most of the two-component developer G having a high toner concentration is in the developer carrier 32. It will fall in the position of the upstream side rather than the front-end | tip of the partition part 39 with respect to a rotation direction. As a result, the two-component developer G does not reach the staying developer staying in the vicinity of the damming portion 41 and does not fall on the partition portion 39. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 7, the two-component developer G does not fall on the partition portion 39, and is upstream of the tip end portion 39 b of the partition portion 39 with respect to the rotation direction of the developer carrier 32. It falls at the position and returns directly to the developer container 33. At this time, unlike the case where the toner concentration is low, no space is created in the developer accommodating portion 33 and the two-component developer G in the vicinity of the toner supply port 37 does not flow, and is therefore blocked by the two-component developer G. Thus, the toner T and the two-component developer G having a very high toner density are not supplied from the toner container 35.

このように、本実施の形態に係るトナー補給メカニズムは、トナー濃度に応じた二成分現像剤Gの流動性変化、嵩変化に加えて磁気吸引力の変化を利用したものであり、トナー濃度が低い二成分現像剤Gに対してはトナー補給が行われ、トナー濃度が高い二成分現像剤Gに対してはトナー補給が行われない構成になっている。   As described above, the toner replenishment mechanism according to the present embodiment uses the change in magnetic attraction force in addition to the change in fluidity and bulk of the two-component developer G according to the toner concentration. The toner is supplied to the low two-component developer G, and the toner is not supplied to the two-component developer G having a high toner concentration.

そして、低トナー濃度の時には、二成分現像剤Gは、現像剤退避部34へ一時的に誘導されることによって現像剤収容部33内の二成分現像剤Gの嵩変化及び流動性が強調されることになり、その分、現像剤収容部33内の二成分現像剤Gは、トナー収容部35内のトナーT及び非常に高いトナー濃度の二成分現像剤をすばやく取り込むことができ、高密度画像の連続出力に対応することができる。さらに、前述のようなメカニズムにより、現像剤担持体32上の飽和トナー濃度は二成分現像剤に働く磁気吸引力に依存するものであり、二成分現像剤の体積に依存しないので、経時で現像装置内の磁性キャリアの量が減少しても飽和トナー濃度は安定した値に保たれる。そして、トナー収容部35からトナー及び非常に高いトナー濃度の二成分現像剤を供給する場合、二成分現像剤Gが現像剤退避部34を経由するため、現像剤収容部33内の二成分現像剤Gの循環が非常に活発になり、トナー及び非常に高い濃度の二成分現像剤の取込みが均一に行なわれる。また、二成分現像剤Gの嵩変化及び流動性が強調されること、磁性キャリアが現像剤収容部33及び現像剤退避部34からトナー収容部35へ流出しても構わない構成であることから、現像剤の仕込み量を増やすことが可能であるため、現像剤に対するストレスが軽減し、現像剤の長寿命化、低ランニングコストを実現することができる。さらに、現像剤担持体32との間隙に磁界を形成する現像剤撹拌部材36を設けることで、現像剤担持体32上の二成分現像剤の入れ替わり性が格段に向上し、例えば高密度画像出力後の低密度画像内等に画像履歴が発生しない安定した画像品質を保持できる現像装置及びこれを用いた画像形成装置を実現することができる。   When the toner density is low, the two-component developer G is temporarily guided to the developer retracting portion 34, thereby emphasizing the bulk change and fluidity of the two-component developer G in the developer containing portion 33. As a result, the two-component developer G in the developer accommodating portion 33 can quickly take in the toner T in the toner accommodating portion 35 and the two-component developer having a very high toner concentration. It can cope with continuous output of images. Further, due to the mechanism described above, the saturated toner concentration on the developer carrier 32 depends on the magnetic attractive force acting on the two-component developer and does not depend on the volume of the two-component developer. Even if the amount of the magnetic carrier in the apparatus is decreased, the saturated toner concentration is maintained at a stable value. When the toner and the two-component developer having a very high toner density are supplied from the toner storage unit 35, the two-component developer G passes through the developer retracting unit 34, so that the two-component development in the developer storage unit 33 is performed. The circulation of the agent G becomes very active, and the toner and the two-component developer having a very high concentration are uniformly taken in. Further, the bulk change and fluidity of the two-component developer G are emphasized, and the magnetic carrier may flow out from the developer accommodating portion 33 and the developer retracting portion 34 to the toner accommodating portion 35. Since the amount of the developer to be charged can be increased, the stress on the developer can be reduced, and the lifetime of the developer can be extended and the running cost can be reduced. Further, by providing a developer stirring member 36 that forms a magnetic field in the gap with the developer carrier 32, the two-component developer on the developer carrier 32 can be greatly replaced. For example, high-density image output It is possible to realize a developing device capable of maintaining stable image quality in which no image history is generated in a later low-density image or the like, and an image forming apparatus using the developing device.

なお、仕切り部39上に落下し、現像剤退避部34へ導かれる二成分現像剤Gのトナー濃度の範囲は、以下の実施例において詳述する。   The range of the toner concentration of the two-component developer G that falls onto the partition 39 and is guided to the developer retracting section 34 will be described in detail in the following embodiments.

本実施例は、前述した実施の形態に係る現像装置(図3参照)を用いて、磁極ロール322の搬送磁極(N2又はS2)を変化させたとき、仕切り部39上に落下する二成分現像剤Gの流量とトナーの濃度範囲の関係を測定したものである。本実施例において、現像装置を除いた画像形成装置の条件は次の通りである(図2参照)。
・静電潜像担持体21:φ30の有機感光体を使用し、周速を170mm/s、画像部電位を−150V、非画像部電位を−400Vに設定した。
・帯電装置22:スコロトロンを使用し、スコロトロンワイヤを−4kV、グリット電圧を−650Vに設定した。
・露光装置23:600dpiの密度で書き込み可能なLEDアレイを使用した。
・転写装置26:φ12の転写ロール(金属ロール上に導電性ゴム層を形成したもの)を使用し、周速を170mm/s、バイアス電源27を1.2kVの直流に設定した。
・クリーニング装置29:弾性ゴムブレードを使用し、突き当て圧力を1.5g/mmに設定した。
・定着装置50:加熱ロール51としてφ25の弾性ロール(電源ヒータを装備)と、加圧ロール52としてφ25の金属ロールを使用し、周速を170mm/s、定着温度を180℃に設定した。
In this example, two-component development that falls on the partition 39 when the transport magnetic pole (N2 or S2) of the magnetic pole roll 322 is changed using the developing device (see FIG. 3) according to the above-described embodiment. The relationship between the flow rate of the agent G and the concentration range of the toner is measured. In this embodiment, the conditions of the image forming apparatus excluding the developing device are as follows (see FIG. 2).
Electrostatic latent image carrier 21: An organic photoreceptor having a diameter of 30 was used, the peripheral speed was set to 170 mm / s, the image portion potential was set to -150V, and the non-image portion potential was set to -400V.
Charging device 22: A scorotron was used, the scorotron wire was set to -4 kV, and the grit voltage was set to -650 V.
Exposure device 23: An LED array capable of writing at a density of 600 dpi was used.
Transfer device 26: A transfer roll of φ12 (with a conductive rubber layer formed on a metal roll) was used, the peripheral speed was set to 170 mm / s, and the bias power source 27 was set to a direct current of 1.2 kV.
Cleaning device 29: An elastic rubber blade was used, and the abutting pressure was set to 1.5 g / mm.
Fixing device 50: A φ25 elastic roll (equipped with a power supply heater) was used as the heating roll 51, a φ25 metal roll was used as the pressure roll 52, the peripheral speed was set to 170 mm / s, and the fixing temperature was set to 180 ° C.

また、本実施例における現像装置の条件は次の通りである(図3参照)。
・二成分現像剤G:磁性キャリアとしては、平均50μmの半導電性粒径を使用し、トナーTとしては、磁性体20重量%含有し、粒径が平均9.0μmの粒子を使用した。また、イニシャルの二成分現像剤仕込み量を100gとした。
・現像剤撹拌部材36:表面に6極の磁極を配置したφ10の着磁ロールを使用し、周速を240mm/s(反時計回り方向に回転)に設定した。なお、着磁パターンは30mTの磁界強度でN極、S極を交互に配置した。
・仕切り部39:仕切り部先端39bが搬送磁極(N2)より現像剤搬送方向上流の位置で現像剤担持体32表面と3mmの間隙になるように設定した。
・せき止め部41:搬送磁極(N2)より現像剤搬送方向下流側で現像剤担持体32表面と400μmの間隙になるように設定した。
・現像剤担持体32:現像剤搬送量を400g/m2、静電潜像担持体21とのギャップを350μm、−300Vの直流成分に、1.3kVpp、周波数3.5kHzの交流成分を重畳させた現像バイアス、周速を340mm/sに設定した。
・回転スリーブ321:φ18の金属スリーブを使用し、表面の十点平均表面粗さRz=7μmに設定した。
・磁極ロール322:現像磁極(S1)を120mT、搬送磁極(S3)を60mT、ピックアップ磁極(N1)とピックオフ磁極を80mT、搬送磁極(N3)を80mTに各々設定し、搬送磁極(S2)と搬送磁極(N2)とを変化させた。
Further, the conditions of the developing device in this embodiment are as follows (see FIG. 3).
Two-component developer G: As a magnetic carrier, an average semiconductive particle diameter of 50 μm was used, and as toner T, particles containing 20% by weight of a magnetic material and having an average particle diameter of 9.0 μm were used. The initial two-component developer charge was 100 g.
Developer stirring member 36: A φ10 magnetized roll having 6 poles arranged on the surface was used, and the peripheral speed was set to 240 mm / s (rotated counterclockwise). The magnetized pattern was alternately arranged with N and S poles with a magnetic field strength of 30 mT.
Partition part 39: The partition part tip 39b is set to be 3 mm from the surface of the developer carrier 32 at a position upstream of the transport magnetic pole (N2) in the developer transport direction.
Damping section 41: Set so as to be 400 μm from the surface of the developer carrier 32 on the downstream side in the developer transport direction from the transport magnetic pole (N2).
Developer carrier 32: Developer conveyance amount is 400 g / m 2 , gap with electrostatic latent image carrier 21 is 350 μm, and DC component of −300 V is superimposed with AC component of 1.3 kVpp and frequency of 3.5 kHz. The developed developing bias and peripheral speed were set to 340 mm / s.
-Rotating sleeve 321: A metal sleeve of φ18 was used, and the 10-point average surface roughness Rz of the surface was set to 7 μm.
Magnetic pole roll 322: The developing magnetic pole (S1) is set to 120 mT, the conveying magnetic pole (S3) is set to 60 mT, the pickup magnetic pole (N1) and the pick-off magnetic pole are set to 80 mT, and the conveying magnetic pole (N3) is set to 80 mT. The conveying magnetic pole (N2) was changed.

上記の条件で、搬送磁極(N2)を40mTに固定し、搬送磁極(S2)を変化(0〜30mT)させたところ、図8に示すような測定結果が得られた。   Under the above conditions, the transport magnetic pole (N2) was fixed at 40 mT, and the transport magnetic pole (S2) was changed (0 to 30 mT). As a result, the measurement results shown in FIG. 8 were obtained.

同図によれば、搬送磁極(S2)の磁力を強くすると、高いトナー濃度の現像剤でも仕切り部39上に落下し、現像剤退避部34へ導かれることが理解される。つまり、仕切り部39上に落下する現像剤流量がゼロになるときのトナー濃度(飽和トナー濃度)を高濃度に設定するためには、搬送磁極(S2)の磁力を強く設定すればよいことが分かる。   As can be seen from the drawing, when the magnetic force of the transport magnetic pole (S2) is increased, even a developer having a high toner concentration falls onto the partition portion 39 and is guided to the developer retracting portion 34. That is, in order to set the toner density (saturated toner density) when the developer flow rate falling on the partition 39 becomes zero, the magnetic force of the transport magnetic pole (S2) may be set strongly. I understand.

一方、搬送磁極(S2)を30mTに固定し、搬送磁極(N2)を変化(20〜40mT)させたところ、図9に示すような測定結果が得られた。   On the other hand, when the carrier magnetic pole (S2) was fixed to 30 mT and the carrier magnetic pole (N2) was changed (20 to 40 mT), the measurement results shown in FIG. 9 were obtained.

同図によれば、搬送磁極(N2)の磁力を強くすると、高いトナー濃度の現像剤でも仕切り部39上に落下することが理解される。つまり、仕切り部39上に落下する現像剤流量がゼロになるときのトナー濃度を高濃度に設定するためには、搬送磁極(N2)の磁力を強く設定すればよいことが分かる。以上の測定結果より、せき止め部41近傍の磁極(本実施例ではN2)に限らず、搬送磁極(N2)よりも現像剤担持体32の現像剤搬送方向上流側における磁極(本実施例ではS2)の強さを選定することにより、仕切り部39上に落下するトナー濃度の範囲を制御できることが理解される。   As can be seen from the drawing, when the magnetic force of the transport magnetic pole (N2) is increased, even a developer having a high toner concentration falls onto the partition portion 39. That is, it can be seen that in order to set the toner density when the developer flow rate falling on the partition 39 becomes zero, the magnetic force of the transport magnetic pole (N2) should be set strongly. From the above measurement results, not only the magnetic pole (N2 in this embodiment) in the vicinity of the damming portion 41 but also the magnetic pole (S2 in this embodiment) on the upstream side of the developer carrier 32 in the developer carrying direction with respect to the carrying magnetic pole (N2). It is understood that the range of the toner density falling on the partition portion 39 can be controlled by selecting the strength of ().

本実施例は、トナー濃度センサ及びトナー補給機構を具備しない従来公知の現像装置(現像装置A)を比較例とし、この比較例と実施の形態に係る現像装置24(現像装置B)を具現化したものとを用いて高密度画像出力追従テストを行い、このときの画像濃度変化について測定したものである。なお、現像装置を除いた画像形成装置は、実施例1で使用したものを共通に使用した(図2参照)。また、絵出しチャートは、100%ベタ画像とした。   In this embodiment, a comparatively known developing device (developing device A) that does not include a toner density sensor and a toner replenishment mechanism is used as a comparative example, and the developing device 24 (developing device B) according to the embodiment is realized. A high density image output follow-up test was performed using the measured image density, and the change in image density at this time was measured. In addition, the image forming apparatus except the developing device is the same as that used in Example 1 (see FIG. 2). The picture chart was a 100% solid image.

まず、トナー濃度センサ及びトナー補給機構を具備しない従来公知の現像装置(現像装置A)について、図10を参照して説明する。   First, a conventionally known developing device (developing device A) that does not include a toner density sensor and a toner supply mechanism will be described with reference to FIG.

図10に示すように、現像装置Aは、静電潜像担持体21に向かって開口する現像ハウジング61を有し、この現像ハウジング61の開口に面して現像剤担持体62を配設し、現像ハウジング61の開口上縁には現像剤担持体62上の二成分現像剤Gの層厚が規制せしめられる規制部材63を設け、現像ハウジング61のうち、現像剤担持体62に隣接した部位には、二成分現像剤Gが収容される現像剤収容部64と、この現像剤収容部64を介して現像剤担持体62に連通し且つトナーTが収容されるトナー収容部65とを形成したものである。   As shown in FIG. 10, the developing device A has a developing housing 61 that opens toward the electrostatic latent image carrier 21, and a developer carrier 62 is disposed facing the opening of the developing housing 61. A regulating member 63 for regulating the layer thickness of the two-component developer G on the developer carrier 62 is provided at the upper edge of the opening of the development housing 61, and a portion of the development housing 61 adjacent to the developer carrier 62 is provided. Are formed with a developer accommodating portion 64 that accommodates the two-component developer G, and a toner accommodating portion 65 that communicates with the developer carrier 62 via the developer accommodating portion 64 and accommodates the toner T. It is a thing.

また、上記現像剤担持体62は、回転可能なスリーブ621と、このスリーブ621の内部に固定的に配設された磁極ロール622とを備えている。そして、磁極ロール622にはロール本体の周囲に所定角度間隔で4極の磁極(現像磁極(S1)、搬送磁極(S2)、搬送磁極(N1)、搬送磁極(N2))が配設されており、トナーT及びキャリアが含まれる二成分現像剤Gが現像剤担持体62の外周に磁気的に付着するようになっている。さらに、トナー収容部65には収容トナーTが撹拌搬送せしめられる撹拌部材651を有している。   The developer carrier 62 includes a rotatable sleeve 621 and a magnetic pole roll 622 fixedly disposed inside the sleeve 621. The magnetic pole roll 622 is provided with four magnetic poles (developing magnetic pole (S1), conveying magnetic pole (S2), conveying magnetic pole (N1), conveying magnetic pole (N2)) at predetermined angular intervals around the roll body. The two-component developer G containing the toner T and the carrier is magnetically attached to the outer periphery of the developer carrier 62. Further, the toner storage unit 65 includes a stirring member 651 that allows the stored toner T to be stirred and conveyed.

この現像装置Aにおいて、現像によりトナーが消費されると現像剤収容部64内の二成分現像剤Gの占める体積が減少するため、現像剤収容部64内に空隙ができる。この空隙にトナー収容部65内のトナーTが撹拌部材651の回転により補給され、トナー濃度制御が行われている。   In the developing device A, when the toner is consumed by the development, the volume occupied by the two-component developer G in the developer accommodating portion 64 decreases, so that a void is formed in the developer accommodating portion 64. The toner T in the toner container 65 is replenished to the gap by the rotation of the stirring member 651, and toner density control is performed.

次に、現像装置Aの条件を以下に示す。
・二成分現像剤G:磁性キャリアとしては、平均50μmの半導電性粒径を使用し、トナーTとしては、磁性体20重量%含有し、粒径が平均9.0μmの粒子を使用した。また、イニシャルの二成分現像剤仕込み量は50gであり、トナー濃度は10重量%とした。
・現像剤担持体62:現像剤搬送量を400g/m2、静電潜像担持体21とのギャップを350μm、−300Vの直流成分に、1.3kVpp、周波数3.5kHzの交流成分を重畳させた現像バイアス、周速を340mm/sに設定した。
・スリーブ621:φ18の金属スリーブを使用し、表面の十点平均表面粗さRz=7μmに設定した。
・磁極ロール622:現像磁極(S1)を120mT、搬送磁極(S2)を80mT、搬送磁極(N1)を80mT、搬送磁極(N2)を90mTに各々設定した。
Next, the conditions of the developing device A are shown below.
Two-component developer G: As a magnetic carrier, an average semiconductive particle diameter of 50 μm was used, and as toner T, particles containing 20% by weight of a magnetic material and having an average particle diameter of 9.0 μm were used. The initial two-component developer charge amount was 50 g, and the toner concentration was 10% by weight.
Developer carrier 62: Developer conveyance amount is 400 g / m 2 , gap with electrostatic latent image carrier 21 is 350 μm, and DC component of −300 V is superimposed with AC component of 1.3 kVpp and frequency of 3.5 kHz. The developed developing bias and peripheral speed were set to 340 mm / s.
Sleeve 621: A φ18 metal sleeve was used, and the surface ten-point average surface roughness Rz = 7 μm.
Magnetic pole roll 622: The developing magnetic pole (S1) was set to 120 mT, the conveying magnetic pole (S2) was set to 80 mT, the conveying magnetic pole (N1) was set to 80 mT, and the conveying magnetic pole (N2) was set to 90 mT.

一方、現像装置Bについては、前述した実施の形態に係る現像装置を具現化したものであるため、詳細については省略する。各々の条件は実施例1とほぼ同様(図3参照)であるが、二成分現像剤Gのイニシャルの仕込み量は100g、トナー濃度10重量%であり、トナー収容部35内のトナー収容量は40gとした、さらに、現像剤担持体32の磁極ロールにおける搬送磁極N2を40mT、搬送磁極S2を30mTに設定した。   On the other hand, since the developing device B is an embodiment of the developing device according to the above-described embodiment, the details are omitted. Each condition is almost the same as that of the first embodiment (see FIG. 3), but the initial charge amount of the two-component developer G is 100 g, the toner concentration is 10% by weight, and the toner storage amount in the toner storage portion 35 is Furthermore, the conveyance magnetic pole N2 in the magnetic pole roll of the developer carrier 32 was set to 40 mT, and the conveyance magnetic pole S2 was set to 30 mT.

上記のような条件で、比較例に係る現像装置A及び実施例に係る現像装置Bを動作させることにより、図11に示すような測定結果が得られた。具体的には、100%黒ベタ画像を現像装置A及びBの各々で10枚出力し、その画質について反射濃度計X−Rite404による濃度測定と目視により評価した。   The measurement results as shown in FIG. 11 were obtained by operating the developing device A according to the comparative example and the developing device B according to the example under the above conditions. Specifically, ten 100% black solid images were output by each of the developing devices A and B, and the image quality was evaluated by density measurement with a reflection densitometer X-Rite 404 and visual observation.

同図によれば、現像装置Aの場合、出力枚数1枚目と10枚目との間において、Solid Area Density(ベタ画像濃度)が初期値の1.38から0.08ポイント程低下し、許容値1.35を下回った。さらに、出力枚数8枚目以降では、目視により白抜けが観測された(図中破線部分)。   According to the figure, in the case of the developing device A, the solid area density (solid image density) decreases from the initial value of 1.38 to 0.08 points between the first and tenth output sheets. The tolerance value was below 1.35. Further, white spots were visually observed after the eighth output sheet (the broken line portion in the figure).

一方、現像装置Bの場合、出力枚数10枚目まで許容値1.35以上を保っており、目視においても白抜け等の画質欠陥は見られなかった。   On the other hand, in the case of the developing device B, the permissible value of 1.35 or more was maintained up to the 10th output sheet, and no image quality defect such as white spot was observed even visually.

次に、トナー濃度の初期値を5重量%に設定し、各現像装置A及びBのから回しを行なったときにおけるトナー濃度の復帰特性を測定し、図12に示す結果が得られた。同図によれば、現像装置Aの場合、トナー濃度が10重量%に復帰するまで約60s要したことが理解される。   Next, the initial value of the toner density was set to 5% by weight, and the toner density recovery characteristics when the developing devices A and B were rotated were measured, and the results shown in FIG. 12 were obtained. As can be seen from the drawing, in the case of the developing device A, it took about 60 seconds until the toner density returned to 10% by weight.

これに対して、現像装置Bの場合、約10s程で10重量%まで復帰していることがわかる。以上の結果からトナー濃度センサ及びトナー補給機構を具備しない従来公知の現像装置Aよりも実施例の現像装置Bの方が、トナー取り込み性能が早いため、高密度画像の出力に対する追従性能が優れていることが理解される。   On the other hand, in the case of the developing device B, it can be seen that it has returned to 10% by weight in about 10 seconds. From the above results, the developing device B of the embodiment has a faster toner capturing performance than the conventionally known developing device A that does not include a toner density sensor and a toner replenishment mechanism, and therefore has excellent tracking performance for high-density image output. It is understood that

本実施例は、実施例2と同様の現像装置A及びBを用いて、ハーフトーン20%画像を5kPVプリントし、この時のトナー帯電量を測定したものである。   In this example, the developing devices A and B similar to those in Example 2 were used to print a 5 kPV half-tone image at 5 kPV, and the toner charge amount at this time was measured.

図13に示すように、現像装置A(比較例)では、初期設定値5kPVプリント後のトナー帯電量は略5μC/g以上落ち込んでいるのに対し、現像装置Bでは、トナー帯電量はほとんど落ち込まず、現像剤量の劣化の兆しは見られない。   As shown in FIG. 13, in the developing device A (comparative example), the toner charge amount after the initial set value of 5 kPV printing has dropped by about 5 μC / g or more, whereas in the developing device B, the toner charge amount has almost dropped. There is no sign of deterioration in the developer amount.

よって、本実施例に係る現像装置Bは、トナー濃度センサ及びトナー補給機構を具備しない従来公知の現像装置Aよりもトナー取り込みが均一に行われ、現像剤に対するストレスも少ないことが理解される。   Therefore, it can be understood that the developing device B according to the present embodiment performs uniform toner intake and less stress on the developer than the conventionally known developing device A that does not include the toner density sensor and the toner replenishing mechanism.

本実施例は、実施例2と同様の現像装置A及びBを用いて、白紙画像を10kPVプリントした時の地汚れレベルを評価したものである。この評価では地汚れレベル2.0以下がスペック許容範囲である。   In this example, the background level when a white paper image was printed at 10 kPV using the developing devices A and B similar to those in Example 2 was evaluated. In this evaluation, the background level of 2.0 or less is the spec allowable range.

図14に示すように現像装置A(比較例)では、6kPVプリント時において地汚れレベル2.0を超えてしまう結果となった。一方、現像装置Bでは10kPVまで地汚れレベルは2.0以下であった。よって、本実施例から、現像装置Bはトナー濃度センサ及びトナー補給機構を具備しない従来公知の現像装置Aよりも現像装置の寿命が長いことが明らかとなった。   As shown in FIG. 14, in the developing device A (comparative example), the background level exceeded 2.0 during 6 kPV printing. On the other hand, in the developing device B, the background level was 2.0 or less up to 10 kPV. Therefore, it has been clarified from this embodiment that the developing device B has a longer life of the developing device than the conventionally known developing device A that does not include the toner density sensor and the toner replenishing mechanism.

本実施例は、実施例2と同様の現像装置A及びBを用いて、イニシャルの現像剤仕込み量(現像装置A:50g、現像装置B:100g)をそれぞれ10%ずつ減らして、白紙画像を1kPV出力しそのときの地汚れレベルを評価したものである。また、両現像装置ともイニシャルのトナー濃度は通常量現像剤仕込み時の飽和値10%とした。目視による評価の結果、現像装置A(比較例)では1kPV目の白紙画像では地汚れが顕著(地汚れレベル2.0以上)であったのに対し、現像装置Bでは1kPVまでの全ての白紙画像において地汚れは観測されなかった(地汚れレベル2.0未満)。   In this example, using the same development devices A and B as in Example 2, the initial developer charge amount (development device A: 50 g, development device B: 100 g) was reduced by 10%, respectively, and a blank image was formed. The output is 1 kPV and the background dirt level at that time is evaluated. In both developing devices, the initial toner concentration was set to a saturation value of 10% when a normal amount of developer was charged. As a result of visual evaluation, in the developing device A (comparative example), the 1 kPV blank paper image showed noticeable scumming (smudge level 2.0 or higher), whereas in the developing device B all blank papers up to 1 kPV were observed. No smudge was observed in the image (stain level less than 2.0).

また、この時の現像剤担持体上における現像剤のトナー濃度変化を図15に示す。現像装置A(比較例)では、通常の現像剤量仕込み時の飽和トナー濃度が10%程度であるのに対して、15%以上の値で飽和しているのが分かる。一方、現像装置Bでは通常の現像剤量仕込み時の飽和トナー濃度と同じ10%で安定していることが分かる。   Further, FIG. 15 shows changes in the toner density of the developer on the developer carrying member at this time. It can be seen that the developing device A (comparative example) is saturated at a value of 15% or more, while the saturated toner concentration at the time of normal developer amount charging is about 10%. On the other hand, it can be seen that the developing device B is stable at 10%, which is the same as the saturated toner concentration when a normal amount of developer is charged.

ここで、現像剤仕込み量に対する飽和トナー濃度の変動を図16に示す。   Here, FIG. 16 shows the variation of the saturated toner density with respect to the developer charging amount.

同図から明らかなように、現像装置A(比較例)は現像剤仕込み量が減少すると飽和トナー濃度が発散する傾向が見られるのに対し、現像装置Bは現像剤仕込み量の変化に関わらず、安定して飽和トナー濃度10%付近を維持している。   As can be seen from FIG. 3, the developing device A (comparative example) tends to diverge the saturated toner concentration when the developer charging amount decreases, while the developing device B does not change the developer charging amount. The saturated toner concentration is stably maintained around 10%.

以上から、本実施例に関わる現像装置Bは現像剤仕込み量変動に対しても安定した飽和トナー濃度特性を示すことが明らかとなった。したがって、経時による磁性キャリア量の減少に対しても、トナー濃度センサ及びトナー補給機構を具備しない従来公知の現像装置Aよりも、地汚れやトナー飛散を起しにくく、安定した飽和トナー濃度特性を示すことが理解される。   From the above, it has been clarified that the developing device B according to the present embodiment exhibits a stable saturated toner density characteristic even with respect to fluctuations in the developer charge amount. Therefore, even with a decrease in the amount of magnetic carrier over time, it is less likely to cause scumming and toner scattering than the conventionally known developing device A that does not include a toner concentration sensor and a toner replenishing mechanism, and has a stable saturated toner concentration characteristic. It is understood to show.

次に、本実施例における現像装置B(図3参照)と比較例としての現像装置C(現像装置Bの構成要素のうち、現像剤撹拌部材36としてφ10の非磁性パドルを使用)とを用いて、以下のような比較検証を行なった。   Next, the developing device B in this embodiment (see FIG. 3) and the developing device C as a comparative example (of the constituent elements of the developing device B, a φ10 nonmagnetic paddle is used as the developer stirring member 36) are used. The following comparative verification was performed.

なお、現像装置Bの条件は実施例1及び実施例2と同様であり、現像装置Cの条件についても現像剤撹拌部材が上記のように異なるだけで、基本構成は現像装置Bと同様である。   The conditions of the developing device B are the same as those in the first and second embodiments, and the conditions of the developing device C are the same as those of the developing device B except that the developer stirring member is different as described above. .

このような現像装置B,Cを用いて、図17(a)に示すようなラダーチャートを5枚流した後、引き続きハーフトーン40%画像1枚を連続採取した。   Using such developing devices B and C, five ladder charts as shown in FIG. 17A were flowed, and then one halftone 40% image was continuously collected.

この結果、現像装置Bに関しては、図17(b)に示すように、画像履歴のない均一なハーフトーン40%画像を得ることができた。一方、現像装置Cに関しては、図17(c)に示すように、ハーフトーン40%画像内においてラダーチャートのラダー部に相当する箇所が薄くなっており、画像履歴がはっきりと残る結果となった。   As a result, with respect to the developing device B, as shown in FIG. 17B, a uniform halftone 40% image having no image history could be obtained. On the other hand, with respect to the developing device C, as shown in FIG. 17C, the portion corresponding to the ladder portion of the ladder chart in the halftone 40% image is thin, and the image history remains clearly. .

このことは、現像装置Bについては現像剤担持体32上の二成分現像剤Gがその周回毎に現像剤撹拌部材36により、一旦現像剤担持体32から剥離され、新規の二成分現像剤Gが現像剤担持体32に供給されて、十分に現像剤担持体32上の二成分現像剤Gが入れ替わっていることを示している。逆に、現像装置Cにおいては二成分現像剤Gの剥離、供給が十分でなく、現像剤担持体32上での二成分現像剤Gの入れ替わりが不十分であることを示している。   For the developing device B, the two-component developer G on the developer carrier 32 is once peeled off from the developer carrier 32 by the developer agitating member 36 for each turn, and a new two-component developer G is obtained. Is supplied to the developer carrier 32, indicating that the two-component developer G on the developer carrier 32 has been sufficiently replaced. Conversely, in the developing device C, the two-component developer G is not sufficiently peeled off and supplied, indicating that the replacement of the two-component developer G on the developer carrier 32 is insufficient.

以上説明したように、本発明に係る現像装置によれば、従来構成の現像装置に比し、安定したトナー濃度を維持すると共に、現像剤担持体上の二成分現像剤の入れ替わり性が格段に向上し、画像履歴が発生しない安定した品質の高い画像を得られることが検証できた。   As described above, according to the developing device according to the present invention, the toner density can be maintained more stably and the two-component developer can be replaced on the developer carrying member, as compared with the conventional developing device. It was verified that it was possible to obtain a stable and high quality image with no image history.

本発明に係る現像装置の概要を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the image development apparatus concerning this invention. 本発明が適用された現像装置を含む画像形成装置の一実施の形態を示す説明図である。1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of an image forming apparatus including a developing device to which the present invention is applied. (a)は、実施の形態に係る現像装置を示す説明図、(b)は、仕切り部及びその周辺部の拡大図である。(c)は、現像剤撹拌部材及びその周辺の拡大図である。(A) is explanatory drawing which shows the developing device which concerns on embodiment, (b) is an enlarged view of a partition part and its peripheral part. (C) is an enlarged view of the developer stirring member and its periphery. 実施の形態において、低トナー濃度の二成分現像剤が担持搬送されたときの説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram when a two-component developer having a low toner concentration is carried and conveyed in the embodiment. 実施の形態において、低トナー濃度の二成分現像剤とトナーの流れを示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a flow of a two-component developer having a low toner concentration and toner in the embodiment. 実施の形態において、高トナー濃度の二成分現像剤が担持搬送されたときの説明図である。6 is an explanatory diagram when a two-component developer having a high toner concentration is carried and conveyed in the embodiment. FIG. 実施の形態において、高トナー濃度の二成分現像剤とトナーの流れを示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a flow of toner and a two-component developer having a high toner concentration in the embodiment. 実施例1で搬送磁極(N2)の強さを固定したときにおける現像剤流量とトナー濃度範囲との関係を示す説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relationship between a developer flow rate and a toner concentration range when the strength of a conveyance magnetic pole (N2) is fixed in Example 1. 実施例1で搬送磁極(S2)の強さを固定したときにおける現像剤流量とトナー濃度範囲との関係を示す説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relationship between a developer flow rate and a toner concentration range when the strength of a transport magnetic pole (S2) is fixed in Example 1. 従来の現像装置Aを示す説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a conventional developing device A. 実施例2における画像密度変化を示す説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in image density in Example 2. 実施例2におけるトナー濃度復帰特性を示す説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating toner density recovery characteristics in Example 2. 実施例3におけるトナー帯電量変化を示す説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a change in toner charge amount in Example 3. 実施例4における白紙画像地汚れレベルを示す説明図である。FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a blank image background level in Example 4. 実施例5におけるトナー濃度変化を示す説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in toner density in Example 5. 実施例5における飽和トナー濃度変動を示す説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in saturated toner density in Example 5. 実施例6におけるラダーチャートの説明図と現像装置B及び現像装置Cにて出力したラダーチャート5枚後のハーフトーン40%画像のイメージ図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a ladder chart in Example 6 and an image diagram of a halftone 40% image after five ladder charts output by the developing device B and the developing device C.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1:磁界発生手段、2:二成分現像剤、3:現像剤担持体、4:現像剤収容部、5:トナー収容部、6:循環路、7:現像剤退避部、8:現像剤分離手段、9:像担持体、10:磁極、10a:現像磁極、10b,10d:搬送磁極、10c:ピックアップ磁極、11:せき止め部、12:仕切り部、13:現像剤剥離供給手段、21:静電潜像担持体、22:帯電装置、23:露光装置、24:現像装置、25:バイアス電源、26:転写装置、27:バイアス電源、28:記録材、29:クリーニング装置、31:現像ハウジング、32:現像剤担持体、33:現像剤収容部、33:直接現像剤収容部、34:現像剤退避部、35:トナー収容部、36:現像剤撹拌部材、37:トナー供給口、39:仕切り部、39a:ベースプレート、39b:先端部、39c:他端部、40:循環路、41:せき止め部、42:層厚規制部材、43:トナー供給路、50:定着装置、51:加熱ロール、52:加圧ロール、61:現像ハウジング、62:現像剤担持体、63:規制部材、64:現像剤収容部、65:トナー収容部、321:回転スリーブ、322:磁極ロール、351:トナー撹拌部材、621:スリーブ、622:磁極ロール、651:撹拌部材、G:二成分現像剤、T:トナー   1: magnetic field generating means, 2: two-component developer, 3: developer carrier, 4: developer container, 5: toner container, 6: circulation path, 7: developer retracting part, 8: developer separation Means 9: Image carrier 10: Magnetic pole 10a: Development magnetic pole 10b, 10d: Conveying magnetic pole 10c: Pickup magnetic pole 11: Damping section 12: Partition section 13: Developer peeling supply means 21: Static Electrostatic latent image carrier, 22: charging device, 23: exposure device, 24: developing device, 25: bias power source, 26: transfer device, 27: bias power source, 28: recording material, 29: cleaning device, 31: developing housing 32: Developer carrier, 33: Developer container, 33: Direct developer container, 34: Developer retracting part, 35: Toner container, 36: Developer stirring member, 37: Toner supply port, 39 : Partition, 39a: Base plate 39b: tip part, 39c: other end part, 40: circulation path, 41: damming part, 42: layer thickness regulating member, 43: toner supply path, 50: fixing device, 51: heating roll, 52: pressure roll, 61: developing housing, 62: developer carrier, 63: regulating member, 64: developer containing portion, 65: toner containing portion, 321: rotating sleeve, 322: magnetic pole roll, 351: toner stirring member, 621: sleeve, 622: magnetic pole roll, 651: stirring member, G: two-component developer, T: toner

Claims (14)

トナーと磁性キャリアとが含まれる二成分現像剤を磁力により所定の方向に担持搬送する現像剤担持体と、
現像剤担持体に隣接して二成分現像剤を収容する現像剤収容部と、
現像剤収容部を介して現像剤担持体と連通して設けられトナーを供給可能に収容するトナー収容部と、
現像剤担持体に隣接して現像剤収容部に対し現像剤担持体の現像剤搬送方向下流側に設けられると共に現像剤収容部と連通する現像剤退避部と、
現像剤収容部及び現像剤退避部に対して現像剤担持体の現像剤搬送方向下流側に設けられ、現像剤担持体により担持搬送される二成分現像剤の一部を余剰現像剤としてせき止め、トナー濃度に応じて二成分現像剤が受ける磁気吸引力に基づいて、現像剤収容部又は現像剤退避部に前記余剰現像剤を分離する現像剤分離手段と
を備え、
前記現像剤収容部は、前記現像剤担持体と対向し回転自在に形成された現像剤剥離供給手段をさらに備え、この現像剤剥離供給手段は、前記現像剤担持体との対向部近傍の間隙に磁界を形成し、且つ、この対向部近傍にて、現像剤担持体上の二成分現像剤を一旦剥離させると共に、現像剤収容部内の新たな二成分現像剤を現像剤担持体に供給し、
トナー収容部から現像剤剥離供給手段に向かって斜面によって形成されたトナー供給口と、
前記現像剤退避部と現像剤収容部とを隔て、傾斜配置されることで現像剤分離手段によって分離された現像剤を、前記トナー供給口に向かって流出させ、かつ前記トナー供給口の上側壁面を形成する仕切り部材とを更に有することを特徴とするトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。
A developer carrying member for carrying and conveying a two-component developer containing toner and a magnetic carrier in a predetermined direction by magnetic force;
A developer accommodating portion for accommodating a two-component developer adjacent to the developer carrying member;
A toner container that is provided in communication with the developer carrier via the developer container and accommodates toner so as to be supplied;
A developer retracting portion provided adjacent to the developer carrying member on the downstream side in the developer transport direction of the developer carrying member with respect to the developer containing portion and communicating with the developer containing portion;
Provided on the downstream side of the developer carrying direction of the developer carrying member with respect to the developer containing portion and the developer retracting portion, and clogging a part of the two-component developer carried and carried by the developer carrying member as an excess developer, A developer separating means for separating the surplus developer in the developer accommodating portion or the developer retracting portion based on the magnetic attraction force received by the two-component developer according to the toner concentration ;
The developer accommodating portion further includes a developer peeling supply means that is rotatably formed facing the developer carrier, and the developer peeling supply means has a gap in the vicinity of the facing portion with the developer carrier. In the vicinity of the opposite portion, the two-component developer on the developer carrier is once peeled off, and a new two-component developer in the developer container is supplied to the developer carrier. ,
A toner supply port formed by an inclined surface from the toner container toward the developer peeling supply means;
The developer separated by the developer separating means by being inclined and separated from the developer retracting portion and the developer containing portion flows out toward the toner supply port, and the upper wall surface of the toner supply port toner density autonomous control type developing apparatus characterized by further have a and the partition member to form a.
前記現像剤剥離供給手段は、略円柱状に形成され、その回転軸と略直交する周方向に沿って前記二成分現像剤を撹拌搬送することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 2. The toner concentration autonomous according to claim 1, wherein the developer peeling supply unit is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and stirs and conveys the two-component developer along a circumferential direction substantially orthogonal to a rotation axis thereof. Controlled development device. 前記現像剤剥離供給手段は磁性体で構成されている部分を含むことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 3. The toner concentration autonomous control type developing device according to claim 1, wherein the developer peeling and supplying means includes a portion made of a magnetic material. 前記現像剤剥離供給手段は磁界発生手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 4. The toner density autonomous control type developing device according to claim 1, wherein the developer peeling supply means includes a magnetic field generating means. 前記現像剤剥離供給手段は磁界発生手段である回転自在の磁極ロールを備え、この磁極ロールには、N極、S極の磁極が交互に略均等間隔で配置されていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 The developer peeling supply means includes a rotatable magnetic pole roll as a magnetic field generating means, and N pole and S pole magnetic poles are alternately arranged at substantially equal intervals on the magnetic pole roll. Item 5. The toner density autonomous control type developing device according to Item 4. 前記現像剤分離手段は、現像剤担持体に対向配置されて余剰現像剤がせき止められるせき止め部を有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 6. The toner density autonomous control type developing device according to claim 1, wherein the developer separating means has a damming portion disposed so as to face the developer carrying member and damped excessive developer. 前記現像剤分離手段は、現像剤担持体に設けられた磁界発生手段である磁極を含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 7. The toner density autonomous control type developing device according to claim 6, wherein the developer separating means includes a magnetic pole which is a magnetic field generating means provided on the developer carrying member. 前記せき止め部は、現像剤担持体の現像剤搬送方向に対して搬送磁極の下流側に隣接配設されていることを特徴とする請求項6又は7に記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 8. The toner density autonomous control type developing device according to claim 6, wherein the damming portion is disposed adjacent to the downstream side of the transport magnetic pole with respect to the developer transport direction of the developer carrier. 前記せき止め部は、現像剤担持体に担持される現像剤層が規制せしめられる規制部材を兼用していることを特徴とする請求項6ないし8のいずれかに記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 9. The toner concentration autonomous control type developing device according to claim 6, wherein the damming portion also serves as a regulating member for regulating a developer layer carried on the developer carrying member. . 前記仕切り部材は、現像剤退避部内の二成分現像剤を現像剤収容部へより多く導くように傾斜していることを特徴とする請求項1ないし9のいずれかに記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 10. The toner density autonomous control type according to claim 1, wherein the partition member is inclined so as to guide more two-component developer in the developer retracting portion to the developer accommodating portion. Development device. 前記仕切り部材は、現像剤退避部内の二成分現像剤をトナー収容部へより多く導くように傾斜していることを特徴とする請求項1ないし9のいずれかに記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 10. The toner concentration autonomous control type development according to claim 1, wherein the partition member is inclined so as to guide more two-component developer in the developer retracting portion to the toner accommodating portion. apparatus. 前記仕切り部材と前記現像剤担持体との間隙は、前記せき止め部と前記現像剤担持体との間隙よりも大きく設定されていることを特徴とする請求項10又は11に記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 12. The toner density autonomous control according to claim 10, wherein a gap between the partition member and the developer carrier is set larger than a gap between the damming portion and the developer carrier. Type developing device. 前記現像剤分離手段は、現像剤担持体における磁界発生手段である磁極の配置位置又は磁界強度を変化させることにより、現像剤収容部又は現像剤退避部へ分離される二成分現像剤についてトナー濃度の程度を可変設定することを特徴とする請求項1ないし12のいずれかに記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置。 The developer separating means changes the toner concentration of the two-component developer separated into the developer accommodating section or the developer retracting section by changing the arrangement position of the magnetic poles or the magnetic field strength as the magnetic field generating means in the developer carrier. 13. The toner density autonomous control type developing device according to claim 1, wherein the degree of toner is variably set. 請求項1ないし13のいずれかに記載のトナー濃度自律制御式現像装置を備えることを特徴とする画像形成装置。 An image forming apparatus comprising the toner density autonomous control type developing device according to claim 1.
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