JP4459886B2 - Stator and motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a stator and a motor.

Conventionally, a stator core in which windings for each phase of three phases are wound by concentrated winding on a stator core for each of three phases consisting of a U phase, a V phase, and a W phase, and the rotor is driven in three phases by this stator. A three-phase motor is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
In addition, a stator wound in a wave shape is provided by winding each phase of the three phases including the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase so as to sew between adjacent teeth in the circumferential direction. A three-phase motor that drives a rotor in three phases by a stator is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-227075 JP 2002-165396 A

By the way, in the three-phase motor according to the above prior art, since windings for each phase of three phases are necessary, it is difficult to suppress an increase in the number of parts required for the configuration of the stator. There arises a problem that a troublesome work is required for winding the winding for each phase.
Moreover, in a stator in which windings are wound by wave winding, it is difficult to improve the winding space factor between adjacent teeth, and further, the height of the coil end is reduced to reduce the motor axis. There arises a problem that it is difficult to reduce the size of the direction and improve the mountability to a vehicle or the like.
Therefore, by simplifying the stator configuration, the number of parts is reduced, the stator manufacturing process is simplified, and the coil end height is reduced while improving the winding space factor of the stator, thereby reducing the motor. It is desired to reduce the dimension in the axial direction of the motor and improve the mountability of the motor in a vehicle or the like.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and by simplifying the configuration, the number of parts is reduced, the manufacturing process is simplified, and the coil end height is reduced while improving the winding space factor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stator and a motor capable of reducing the dimension in the axial direction and improving the mounting property on a vehicle or the like.

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, the stator of the present invention according to claim 1 includes a two-phase annular winding (for example, the U-phase annular winding 14 and the W-phase annular winding in the embodiment). A three-phase stator including windings 15), wherein the annular winding includes a meandering portion (for example, the U-phase meandering portion 31 and the W-phase meandering portion 32 in the embodiment), and is attached to the meandering portion. Each of the three-phase teeth (for example, the U-phase teeth 22, the V-phase teeth 24, and the W-phase teeth 26 in the embodiment) is at least a base end portion (for example, the embodiment) of each of the teeth along the radial direction. The base end portion 22b and the base end portion 26b) are arranged at positions shifted from each other in the axial direction parallel to the axis of the annular winding, and a stepped portion (by the teeth adjacent in the circumferential direction of the annular winding ( For example, the step portion 33) in the embodiment is formed, and in the circumferential direction The the step portion by the teeth between fit Ri is characterized in that the meandering section of the annular windings disposed in the slot between the teeth to each other are arranged.

  According to the stator having the above-described configuration, each tooth can be arranged according to the arrangement state of the two-phase annular winding having the meandering portion on which each of the three-phase teeth is mounted. An increase in the axial dimension can be prevented, and an increase in winding length can be prevented to reduce copper loss. For example, in a state where two-phase annular windings are stacked along the axial direction, if the axial positions of the three-phase teeth are set to be equal, the axial direction of the stator For the width, at least the width of each tooth in the axial direction is added to the thickness of each two-phase annular winding (that is, the thickness of four annular windings) arranged at both ends in the axial direction of each tooth. Value. On the other hand, if the position in the axial direction of each of the three-phase teeth can be appropriately set, the axial width of the stator is set to the width of each tooth in the axial direction (the thickness of the two-phase annular winding ( In other words, the thickness can be reduced to a value obtained by adding the thicknesses of the two annular windings).

  According to the stator having the above-described configuration, by arranging the annular winding at the step portion formed by the axial positions of the teeth adjacent in the circumferential direction being shifted from each other, the height of the coil end and the axial direction of the stator It is possible to prevent an increase in the size.

  According to the stator configured as described above, the meandering portion of the annular winding is disposed at the stepped portion formed by the axial positions of the teeth adjacent in the circumferential direction being shifted from each other, so that the height of the coil end and the stator are increased. An increase in the dimension in the axial direction can be prevented.

  According to the stator having the above-described configuration, the annular winding for one phase can be disposed at the step portion formed by the axial positions of the teeth adjacent in the circumferential direction being shifted from each other. In addition, the axial dimension of the stator can be prevented from increasing.

Furthermore, in the stator according to the second aspect of the present invention, the slot between the teeth where the step of the stepped portion is the maximum is inclined with respect to the axial direction, and the two-phase annular winding is disposed. It is characterized by having.

According to the stator having the above configuration, by providing the slot inclined with respect to the axial direction as compared with the case where the slot parallel to the axial direction is provided, the teeth pitch, that is, the circumference of the center of gravity position between adjacent teeth in the circumferential direction is provided. With the directional intervals set at equal intervals, the width of the slot, that is, the size of the space in which the annular winding can be mounted can be increased. Moreover, in the slot inclined with respect to the axial direction, the cross-sectional shape with respect to the inclined direction of the slot can be set to a substantially rectangular shape having the same cross-sectional shape as the slot parallel to the axial direction.
For this reason, the number of phases of the annular winding mounted in the slot between adjacent teeth in the circumferential direction is 1 as in the case where the two-phase annular winding is a short-pitch winding of 120 ° in terms of electrical angle, for example. Even in the case of non-uniform phase or two phases, it is installed in each slot without having to set the circumferential distance between the centers of gravity of the teeth according to the number of phases of the annular winding to be installed. A desired winding space factor can be ensured for the annular winding. As a result, for example, it is possible to prevent the maximum torque that can be output due to non-uniform relative positions of the teeth facing the rotor, and the cogging torque and torque ripple from increasing.
In addition, a desired winding space factor can be ensured by an annular winding having a simple cross-sectional shape such as a rectangular wire without using an annular winding having a special cross-sectional shape.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a motor according to the present invention, comprising a stator according to the first or second aspect and a rotor (for example, an implementation) including a permanent magnet (for example, the permanent magnet 52 in the embodiment). Rotor (in the form) (for example, claw pole type motor 50 in the embodiment), and the length (for example, thickness in the embodiment) of the permanent magnet along the axial direction. La) is shorter than the effective axial length of the three-phase teeth disposed on the stator (for example, the thickness Lb in the embodiment) and faces the tip of each of the three-phase teeth. The length of the facing portion (for example, the thickness Lb in the embodiment) along the axial direction with respect to the facing portion of the rotor (for example, the facing portion 55 in the embodiment) is along the axial direction. The length of the permanent magnet (for example, the form of implementation) Thickness La) In the above, and is characterized in that the axial effective length of the teeth of the 3-phase (for example, a thickness Lb) or less in the embodiment.

In the motor of the present invention according to claim 4, the length in the axial direction of the rotor salient pole portion provided between the magnet mounting holes in which the permanent magnets are mounted and connected to the facing portion is As it goes from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side, it changes in an increasing tendency.
According to the motor configured as described above, for example, the length of the permanent magnet along the axial direction is set in comparison with the case where the length of the permanent magnet along the axial direction is set to be equal to the axial effective length of the three-phase teeth. As the length becomes shorter than the effective axial length of the three-phase teeth, the permanent magnet of the rotor is increased by increasing the length of the permanent magnet along the circumferential direction and the thickness of the permanent magnet along the radial direction, for example. The weight of the rotor can be reduced without changing the amount of field magnetic flux between the magnet and each tooth of the stator.

According to the stator of the present invention, each tooth can be arranged according to the arrangement state of the two-phase annular winding having the meandering portion to which each of the three-phase teeth is mounted, and the height of the coil end and An increase in the axial dimension can be prevented, and an increase in winding length can be prevented to reduce copper loss.
Further, according to the stator of the present invention as set forth in claim 2 , the annular winding having a special cross-sectional shape while preventing the maximum torque that can be output from decreasing and the cogging torque and torque ripple from increasing. Without using a wire, a desired winding space factor can be ensured by an annular winding having a simple cross-sectional shape such as a rectangular wire.
According to the motor of the present invention described in claim 3 and claim 4 , the weight of the rotor is reduced without changing the amount of field magnetic flux between the permanent magnet of the rotor and each tooth of the stator. can do.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a stator and a motor of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The stator 10 according to the present embodiment constitutes, for example, a claw pole type motor mounted on a hybrid vehicle as a vehicle drive source together with an internal combustion engine, for example, a structure in which an internal combustion engine, a claw pole type motor and a transmission are directly connected in series. In such a parallel hybrid vehicle, at least the driving force of either the internal combustion engine or the claw pole type motor is transmitted to the drive wheels of the vehicle via a transmission.
When the driving force is transmitted from the driving wheel side to the claw pole type motor during deceleration of the vehicle, the claw pole type motor functions as a generator to generate a so-called regenerative braking force, and the kinetic energy of the vehicle body is converted into electric energy ( Recovered as regenerative energy). Further, when the output of the internal combustion engine is transmitted to the claw pole type motor, the claw pole type motor functions as a generator and generates power generation energy.

  A stator 10 that generates a rotating magnetic field that rotates a rotor (not shown) includes, for example, a U-phase stator ring 11 for each of three phases including a U-phase, a V-phase, and a W-phase, as shown in FIGS. And a V-phase stator ring 12, a W-phase stator ring 13, and a two-phase U-phase annular winding 14 and a W-phase annular winding 15 composed of a U-phase and a W-phase.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the U-phase stator ring 11 includes a substantially annular U-phase yoke 21 and a position in the radial direction R from a position at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction C of the inner peripheral portion of the U-phase yoke 21. And a U-phase tooth 22 that protrudes toward the other side in the direction and the axial direction P and has a U-phase tooth 22 having a cross-sectional shape with respect to the radial direction R formed in a substantially rectangular shape. The cross-sectional shape with respect to the circumferential direction C of the ring 11 is configured to be substantially L-shaped.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the V-phase stator ring 12 includes a substantially annular V-phase yoke 23 and a position in the radial direction R from a position at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction C of the inner peripheral portion of the V-phase yoke 23. And a V-phase tooth 24 projecting toward one and the other in the axial direction P and having a cross-sectional shape with respect to the radial direction R formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and comprising a V-phase yoke 23 and a V-phase tooth 24. The cross-sectional shape with respect to the circumferential direction C of the phase stator ring 12 is configured to be substantially T-shaped.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the W-phase stator ring 13 includes a substantially annular W-phase yoke 25 and a position in the radial direction R from a position at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction C of the inner periphery of the W-phase yoke 25. And a W-phase tooth 26 that protrudes in one direction in the horizontal direction and the axial direction P, and has a W-phase tooth 26 that has a cross-sectional shape with respect to the radial direction R formed in a substantially rectangular shape. The cross-sectional shape with respect to the circumferential direction C of the ring 13 is configured to be substantially L-shaped.

  The stator rings 11, 12, 13 are connected such that the yokes 21, 23, 25 are stacked along the axial direction P. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of teeth 22, ..., 22 and 24, ..., 24 and 26, ..., 26 are arranged in a predetermined order (for example, U phase teeth 22, V phase teeth 24, W A slot in which the U-phase annular winding 14 is disposed is formed between each of the teeth 22 and 24 that are arranged along the circumferential direction C and are adjacent in the circumferential direction C. Between each of the teeth 24 and 26 adjacent in the direction C, a slot in which the W-phase annular winding 15 is disposed is formed.

  The teeth 22, 24, and 26 of the stator rings 11, 12, and 13, for example, have the same axial width, and the adjacent teeth 22, 24, 24, and 26 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction C are in the axial direction. By being arranged at a position shifted to P, a stepped portion 33 is formed by these teeth 22, 24 and 24, 26. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the U-phase teeth 22 are arranged at a position shifted by one step in the axial direction P with respect to the V-phase teeth 24, and the W-phase teeth 26 are positioned in the axial direction P with respect to the V-phase teeth 24. It is arranged at a position shifted by one step on the other side.

The annular windings 14 and 15, for example, circulate while meandering in a crank shape in the circumferential surface around the axis, and a plurality of U-phase meandering portions 31,..., 31 and W-phase meandering portions 32,. 32.
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the width of each meandering portion 31, 32 in the circumferential direction C, that is, the coil pitch, is set to a predetermined value of 120 ° or less in electrical angle, and each meandering portion 31, 32 has a different direction (ie, The U-phase annular winding 14 and the W-phase annular winding 15 have a phase difference of 240 ° in terms of electrical angle. In this way, they are arranged at positions relatively displaced along the circumferential direction C. Thus, the two-phase annular windings 14 and 15 are arranged so that the meandering portions 31 and 32 that protrude in the opposing direction are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction C and do not cross each other. Yes.

  One U-phase tooth 22 of the U-phase stator ring 11 is disposed in the U-phase meandering portion 31 of the U-phase annular winding 14, and the W-phase stator ring is located in the W-phase meandering portion 32 of the W-phase annular winding 15. 13 W-phase teeth 26 are disposed, and one V-phase tooth 24 of the V-phase stator ring 12 is disposed between the U-phase meandering portion 31 and the W-phase meandering portion 32 that are adjacent in the circumferential direction C. Yes.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the adjacent U-phase teeth 22 are relative to the V-phase teeth 24 arranged between the U-phase meandering portion 31 and the W-phase meandering portion 32 that are adjacent in the circumferential direction C. The stepped portion 33 formed on one side of the V-phase teeth 24 by being arranged at a position shifted by one step in the axial direction P between the U-phase meandering portions 31 and 31 adjacent in the circumferential direction C. A U-phase transition portion 31a of the U-phase annular winding 14 to be connected is arranged. Further, the adjacent W-phase teeth 26 are relatively located on the other side in the axial direction P with respect to the V-phase teeth 24 arranged between the U-phase meandering portion 31 and the W-phase meandering portion 32 that are adjacent in the circumferential direction C. The W-phase annular winding 15 that connects between the W-phase meandering portions 32, 32 adjacent in the circumferential direction C is disposed on the step portion 33 formed on the other side of the V-phase teeth 24 by being arranged at a position shifted by one step. W phase crossover portion 32a is arranged.

  That is, the U-phase teeth 22 arranged so that the U-phase annular winding 14 and the W-phase annular winding 15 are stacked only on the other side in the axial direction P, and the U-phase annular winding on one side in the axial direction P 14 and the V-phase teeth 24 on which the W-phase annular winding 15 is arranged on the other side, and the U-phase annular winding 14 and the W-phase annular winding 15 are stacked only on one side in the axial direction P. When the W-phase teeth 26 arranged sequentially are arranged along the circumferential direction C, the U-phase teeth 22 are directed to one side in the axial direction P, that is, the side where the annular windings 14 and 15 do not exist. The U-phase annular winding 14 is relatively protruded by a height equivalent to the thickness of the U-phase annular winding 14, and the W-phase tooth 26 is directed to the other side in the axial direction P, that is, the side where the annular windings 14 and 15 do not exist. A height equivalent to the thickness of a single W-phase annular winding 15 It is projected only relatively one step.

Thereby, the U-phase teeth 22 and the V-phase teeth 24 adjacent in the circumferential direction C are arranged at positions shifted from each other in the axial direction P, and the other step portions 33 and 33 (that is, the V-phase teeth) are formed. The step portion 33 formed on one side of 24 and the step portion 33 formed on the other side of the U-phase teeth) are part of each U-phase crossover portion 31a and U-phase meandering portion 31 of the U-phase annular winding 14 (That is, the crossover part 31b) is arranged. Further, one and the other stepped portions 33 and 33 (that is, the W-phase teeth of the W-phase teeth) formed by arranging the V-phase teeth 24 and the W-phase teeth 26 adjacent in the circumferential direction C at positions shifted in the axial direction P from each other. The stepped portion 33 formed on one side and the stepped portion 33 formed on the other side of the V-phase teeth 24) are part of each W-phase meandering portion 32 of the W-phase annular winding 15 (that is, the transition portion 32b). And the W-phase crossing part 32a is arrange | positioned.
The two-phase annular windings 14 and 15 arranged so as to sew between the adjacent teeth 22, 24 or 24, 26 in the circumferential direction C include the respective teeth 22, 24, 26 and the respective annular windings. 14 and 15 are formed so as to form a short wave winding of 120 ° or less in so-called electrical angle while preventing excessive separation in the axial direction P.

  The two-phase annular windings 14 and 15 having a phase difference (coil phase difference) of 240 ° in electrical angle with each other are connected in a V shape as shown in FIG. When leakage magnetic flux is negligible by energizing with a sine wave having a phase difference of °, for example, as shown in FIG. 3C, the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase three-phase windings are Y-shaped. And a rotating magnetic field equivalent to that of a three-phase stator that is energized with a sine wave having a phase difference of 120 °.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, each meandering portion 31, 32 has a phase difference of 60 ° in electrical angle with each other projecting in the same direction (that is, one or the other in the axial direction P). As shown in FIG. 3A, the two-phase annular windings 14 and 15 are connected in a V-shaped direction in which the meandering portions 31 and 32 are different from each other (that is, one and the other in the axial direction P). The two-phase annular windings 14 and 15 having a phase difference of 240 ° with respect to each other in a state of projecting toward each other are energized with sine waves having a phase difference of 120 °. When the leakage magnetic flux is negligible, for example, the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase three-phase windings are connected in a Y shape as shown in FIG. Can generate a rotating magnetic field equivalent to a three-phase stator energized with a sine wave of phase difference

That is, the voltage equation of a three-phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) motor is, for example, ignoring phase resistance, and each phase voltage command value V _u , V _v , V _w and each phase current I _u , I _{By using v 1} , I _w , the self-inductance L of each phase, the mutual inductance M, the rotational angular velocity ω of the rotor, and the induced voltage constant Ke, they are described as shown in the following formula (1).
In the following formula (1), L = −2M, and the leakage magnetic flux was ignored.

In the above formula (1), each phase current I _u , I _v , I _w can be described by any two phase currents, so for example, the V phase current I _v is described by a U phase current I _u and a W phase current I _w. When erased, the phase voltage command values _{V u,} V v, the line voltage by _{V w} (e.g., line voltage _V uv of U-phase -V phase ₍₌ V u -V _v) and W-phase -V phase The line voltage V _wv (= V _w −V _v )) is described as shown in the following formula (2).

  By the way, in the three-phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) motor voltage equation shown in the above formula (1), for example, a model in which the V-phase component is removed is described as shown in the following formula (3). The

  First, the model shown in the equation (3) is described as shown in the following equation (4) when the direction of the W-phase winding is reversed (that is, the rotation direction of the rotor is reversed).

  Next, the model shown in the equation (4) is described as shown in the following equation (5) when the number of turns n of each winding is changed to (√3) times.

  Next, in the model shown in the equation (5), when the angle origin of the phase of the induced voltage is moved by 90 degrees (= π / 2) and the U-phase component and the W-phase component are exchanged, the following equation ( 6), which is equivalent to Equation (2) above.

  The stator 10 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, a method for manufacturing the stator 10 will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  First, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the two-phase U-phase annular winding 14 and the W-phase annular winding 15 are formed into a crank shape so that the coil pitch is a predetermined value of 120 ° or less in electrical angle. A plurality of U-phase meandering portions 31,..., 31 and a W-phase meandering portion 32,. And each meandering part 31 and 32 protrudes toward the mutually opposing direction (namely, one side and the other of the axial direction P) of the two-phase U-phase annular winding 14 and W-phase annular winding 15, and each annular The windings 14 and 15 are arranged coaxially with respect to the axis.

First, a W-phase stator ring 13 including a plurality of W-phase teeth 26,..., 26 protruding toward one side in the axial direction P is disposed at a predetermined position that is coaxial with the axis.
Next, the W-phase annular winding 15 is moved relative to the W-phase stator ring 13 from one side to the other in the axial direction P, and a plurality of W-phase meandering portions 32,. A plurality of W-phase teeth 26,..., 26 of the W-phase stator ring 13 are relatively inserted therein.
Next, in a state where the V-phase stator ring 12 is arranged coaxially with respect to the axis, the W-phase annular winding 15 is relatively moved from one side to the other side in the axial direction P, and the circumferential direction of the W-phase annular winding 15 A predetermined number (for example, two) of V-phase teeth 24, 24 of the V-phase stator ring 12 are relatively inserted between the W-phase meandering portions 32, 32 adjacent to each other at C, and the W-phase yoke 25 of the W-phase stator ring 13 is inserted. And the V-phase yoke 23 of the V-phase stator ring 12 are connected so as to be stacked along the axial direction P.

Next, the U-phase annular winding 14 and the W-phase annular winding 15 have a phase difference of 240 ° in electrical angle with respect to the W-phase annular winding 15 in the circumferential direction. The U-phase annular winding 14 is moved relative to the W-phase annular winding 15 from one side to the other side in the axial direction P in a state where the U-phase annular winding 14 is disposed at a relatively shifted position along C. The protruding meandering portions 31 and 32 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction C, and the two-phase annular windings 14 and 15 are arranged so as not to cross each other. The U-phase meandering portion 31 is inserted between the adjacent V-phase teeth 24, 24.
Next, in a state where the U-phase stator ring 11 is arranged coaxially with respect to the axis, the U-phase annular winding 14 is relatively moved from one side to the other side in the axial direction P, and a plurality of U-phase annular windings 14 are moved. A plurality of U-phase teeth 22,..., 22 of the U-phase stator ring 11 are relatively inserted into the U-phase meandering portions 31,. The U-phase yoke 21 of the ring 11 is connected so as to be stacked along the axial direction P.

As described above, according to the stator 10 of the present embodiment, in the axial direction P according to the arrangement state of the three-phase teeth 22, 24, 26 and the two-phase annular windings 14, 15. By setting the positions of the teeth 22, 24, and 26, it is possible to prevent the height of the coil end and the dimension in the axial direction of the stator from increasing, and to prevent the winding length from increasing. Thus, the copper loss can be reduced.
That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, each of the three-phase teeth is arranged in a state where the two-phase annular windings 14 and 15 having the meandering portions 31 and 32 are stacked along the axial direction P. If the positions of the axial directions P of 22, 24, and 26 are set to the same position, the width β of the stator in the axial direction P is at least equal to the width of the teeth 22, 24, and 26 in the axial direction P. The thickness of each of the two-phase annular windings 14 and 15 arranged so as to be stacked at the ends in the axial direction P of 22, 24 and 26 (that is, the thickness of four annular windings) is added. Value.
On the other hand, if the position in the axial direction P of each of the three-phase teeth 22, 24, 26 can be appropriately set, the width α (α <β) of the stator 10 in the axial direction P is set to each tooth 22, It can be reduced to a value obtained by adding the thickness of each of the two-phase annular windings 14 and 15 (that is, the thickness of two annular windings) to the width in the axial direction P of 24 and 26.

  In the above-described embodiment, the teeth 22, 24, and 26 are arranged at positions shifted from each other in the axial direction P. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, FIG. 5 (a) and FIG. ), The positions of at least the base ends of the teeth 22, 24, 26 connected to the yokes 21, 23, 25 are set to positions shifted from each other in the axial direction P. You may set the position of the front-end | tip part of each teeth 22, 24, 26 which makes the rotor opposing part which opposes to the equivalent position of the axial direction P. FIG.

For example, in the first modification shown in FIG. 6A, the U-phase teeth 22 arranged so that the U-phase annular winding 14 and the W-phase annular winding 15 are stacked only on the other side in the axial direction P The position of the U-phase teeth 22 in the axial direction P is changed in the axial direction P without changing the axial width of the U-phase teeth 22 along the radial direction R from the distal end portion 22a toward the proximal end portion 22b. An inclined portion 22c is formed so as to be gradually shifted toward one side of the coil, that is, the side where the annular windings 14 and 15 do not exist.
In addition, the W-phase teeth 26 arranged so that the U-phase annular winding 14 and the W-phase annular winding 15 are stacked only on one side in the axial direction P are extended from the distal end portion 26a along the radial direction R. The position of the W-phase teeth 26 in the axial direction P is the other side in the axial direction P, that is, the annular windings 14 and 15 are not changed without changing the axial width of the W-phase teeth 26 as it goes toward the end 26b. An inclined portion 26c is formed so as to gradually shift toward the non-existing side.

The V-phase teeth 24 in which the U-phase annular winding 14 is disposed on one side in the axial direction P and the W-phase annular winding 15 is disposed on the other side are arranged along the radial direction R from the distal end portion to the proximal end portion. The position of the V-phase teeth 24 in the axial direction P remains unchanged without changing the axial width of the V-phase teeth 24.
Thereby, the cross-sectional shape with respect to the circumferential direction C of each U-phase tooth 22 and the W-phase tooth 26 is a substantially parallelogram, and the cross-sectional shape with respect to the circumferential direction C of the V-phase tooth 24 is a substantially rectangular shape.

In this first modification, for example, as shown in FIGS. 5B and 6B, for example, the positions of the three-phase teeth 22, 24, and 26 in the axial direction P are set to the same positions. Compared with the width β in the axial direction P of the stator in the state, the width α (α <β) of the stator 10 in the axial direction P is set to be equal to the width in the axial direction P of the teeth 22, 24, 26. The thickness can be reduced to a value obtained by adding the thicknesses of the windings 14 and 15 (that is, the thicknesses of the two annular windings).
In addition, since the tips of the teeth 22, 24, and 26 that form the rotor facing portion that faces the rotor (not shown) can be set at the same position in the axial direction P, the axis of each of the teeth 22, 24, and 26 It is possible to prevent the axial width of the rotor from increasing when the positions in the direction P are shifted from each other.

  In the above-described embodiment, the width in the circumferential direction C of each meandering portion 31, 32 of each annular winding 14, 15, that is, the coil pitch is set to a predetermined value of 120 ° or less in electrical angle. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 6A, the U-phase meandering portion 31 adjacent in the circumferential direction C of the U-phase annular winding 14 is set by setting the coil pitch to 120 ° in electrical angle. , 31 and the number of V-phase teeth 24 of the V-phase stator ring 12 inserted relatively between the W-phase meandering portions 32, 32 adjacent in the circumferential direction C of the W-phase annular winding 15. Can do. Thereby, the W-phase teeth 26, the V-phase teeth 24, and the U-phase teeth 22 are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction C, and the circumferential magnetic pole width of each of the teeth 22, 24, and 26 is 120 ° in electrical angle. Thus, it is possible to suppress complication of processing contents of energization control.

  In the above-described embodiment, each of the teeth 22, 24, and 26 is formed to have a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape with respect to the radial direction R. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, for example, when the coil pitch is set to 120 ° in electrical angle, the phases of the annular windings 14 and 15 mounted in the slots between the adjacent teeth 22, 24 and 26 in the circumferential direction are used. U-phase teeth 22 and W-phase teeth 26 that form slots 41 in which two-phase U-phase annular windings 14 and W-phase annular windings 15 are mounted when the number is one-phase or two-phase unequal. That is, the U-phase teeth 22 and the W-phase teeth 26 in which the size of the stepped portion 33 along the axial direction P is maximum are set in the axial direction P so that the cross-sectional shape with respect to the radial direction R becomes a substantially trapezoidal shape, for example. Lean against In addition, the slots 41 between the U-phase teeth 22 and the W-phase teeth 26 are inclined with respect to the axial direction P (for example, diagonally shown in FIG. 8). The direction PS may be set to be inclined with respect to the axial direction P).

In the second modification, the teeth 22, 24, and 26 have an equal interval between teeth positions in the circumferential direction C, that is, teeth pitch (for example, teeth pitch Pa shown in FIG. 7A) (Pa = Pa), the width of each slot 41, 42, 43, that is, the interval between adjacent teeth 22, 24, 26 in the direction orthogonal to each slot 41, 42, 43, The width PB of the slot 41 in which the two-phase U-phase annular winding 14 and the W-phase annular winding 15 are installed is the same as the slot 42 in which the one-phase U-phase annular winding 14 or the W-phase annular winding 15 is installed. It is set to be larger than the width PA of 43 (for example, PA <PB≈2 × PA).
For example, as shown in FIG. 8, in each of the slots 42 and 43 in which the one-phase U-phase annular winding 14 or the W-phase annular winding 15 is mounted, as shown in FIG. The cross-sectional shape of each of the slots 42 and 43 when viewed along P is substantially rectangular. On the other hand, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, in the slot 41 in which the two-phase U-phase annular winding 14 and the W-phase annular winding 15 are mounted, for example, as shown in FIG. The cross-sectional shape of the slot when viewed along the PS is substantially rectangular. The area ratio between the cross-sectional area of each of the slots 42 and 43 and the cross-sectional area of the slot 41 is set to be approximately 1: 2.

According to the stator 10 according to the second modification, for example, in the case where only slots parallel to the axial direction P are provided as shown in FIG. 7B, a desired winding space factor is secured for each slot. In doing so, each of the teeth 22, 24, 26 in the circumferential direction C depends on the number of phases of each of the annular windings 14, 15 mounted in the slots between the teeth 22, 24, 26 adjacent in the circumferential direction C. The intervals between the center of gravity positions, that is, the teeth pitches (for example, the teeth pitches Pb and Pc shown in FIG. 7B) are set to be non-uniform (Pb> Pc), and are adjacent in the circumferential direction C. Even if the number of phases of the annular windings 14 and 15 mounted in the slots 41, 42 and 43 between the teeth 22, 24 and 26 is one or two phases, they are mounted. Each tee according to the number of phases of each annular winding 14, 15 The desired winding space factor for each of the annular windings 14, 15 mounted in the slots 41, 42, 43 without the need to set the spacing between the center of gravity positions of 22, 24, 26 unevenly. For example, when the relative positions of the teeth 22, 24, and 26 in the circumferential direction C are not uniform, the maximum torque that can be output decreases, or the cogging torque and torque ripple increase. This can be prevented.
Moreover, in the slot 41 inclined with respect to the axial direction P, the cross-sectional shape of the slot 41 can be set to a substantially rectangular shape having the same cross-sectional shape as the slots 42 and 43 parallel to the axial direction P.
For this reason, a desired winding space factor can be ensured by each of the annular windings 14 and 15 having a simple cross-sectional shape such as a rectangular wire without using an annular winding having a special cross-sectional shape. .

The rotor 51 of the claw pole type motor 50 including the stator 10 according to the above-described embodiment, the first modification, and the second modification is, for example, FIG. 10, FIG. 11, FIG. 12 (a), (b). As shown in FIG. 4, a permanent magnet rotor that uses a permanent magnet 52 as a field, and a plurality of magnet mounting holes 54 extending along the direction of the rotation axis O are provided in the vicinity of the outer peripheral portion of the rotor body 53. , 54 are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.
The permanent magnet 52 mounted in each magnet mounting hole 54 is, for example, magnetized in the radial direction, and the plurality of permanent magnets 52,..., 52 arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction are adjacent permanent magnets. The permanent magnets 52 and 52 are arranged so that the magnetization directions of the magnetic poles 52 and 52 are opposite to each other, that is, the other permanent magnet 52 whose outer peripheral side is an S pole is adjacent to the permanent magnet 52 whose outer peripheral side is an N pole. .

With respect to the stator main body 10a connected so that the U-phase stator ring 11, the V-phase stator ring 12, and the W-phase stator ring 13 for each of the three phases are stacked along the rotation axis O direction, the rotation axis O direction The thickness La of the permanent magnet 52 along the axis is set to be smaller (La <Lb) than the axial effective length Lb of the three-phase teeth 22, 24, 26 along the rotation axis O direction. Yes. And the opposing part 55 which opposes the front-end | tip part of the inner peripheral side of each tooth | gear 22, 24, 26 is formed in the outer peripheral part of the rotor main body 53, and it opposes along the rotation axis O direction with respect to this opposing part 55. The thickness of the portion 55 is not less than the thickness La of the permanent magnet 52 along the rotation axis O direction and not more than the axial effective length Lb of each of the three-phase teeth 22, 24, 26. The teeth 22, 24, and 26 are set to a thickness equivalent to the axial effective length Lb.
The rotor salient pole portion 56 provided between the magnet mounting holes 54 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and connected to the facing portion 55 has a thickness along the rotation axis O direction on the inner circumferential side in the radial direction. As it goes from the outer circumference to the outer circumference, for example, it is formed so as to change in an increasing tendency from the thickness La to the thickness Lb.

  The polar arc angle α corresponding to the length of each permanent magnet 52 in the circumferential direction C and the salient pole width β which is the length of each rotor salient pole portion 56 in the circumferential direction C are, for example, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 14, the torque density is set to have appropriate values α0 and β0 that are maximized.

  According to the claw pole type motor 50, for example, compared with the case where the thickness of the permanent magnet 52 along the rotation axis O direction is set to be equal to the thickness of the stator body 10a along the rotation axis O direction. As the thickness La of the permanent magnet 52 along the rotation axis O direction becomes smaller than the axial effective length Lb of each of the three-phase teeth 22, 24, 26, the permanent magnet 52 along the circumferential direction C, for example. The amount of field magnetic flux between the permanent magnet 52 of the rotor 51 and each of the teeth 22, 24, 26 of the stator 10 is changed by increasing the length of the permanent magnet 52 along the length R and the radial direction R. Without doing so, the weight of the rotor 51 can be reduced.

It is radial direction sectional drawing of the principal part of the stator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part disassembled perspective view of the stator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 3A is a diagram showing a connection state of each annular winding of the stator shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a connection state of each annular winding of the stator according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3C is a diagram showing a connection state of each winding of a three-phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) stator. It is a figure which shows an example of the state by which the position in the axial direction P of each three-phase teeth is set to the equivalent position. FIG. 5A is a view of the main part of the stator according to the first modification of the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the base end side to the tip end side of each tooth along the radial direction. (B) shows the main part of the stator in which the positions in the axial direction P of the teeth of each of the three phases are set to the same position from the base end side to the tip end side of each tooth along the radial direction. It is a figure. 6A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 5A, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB shown in FIG. 5B. FIG. 7A is a view of the main part of the stator according to the second modification of the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the base end side to the tip end side of each tooth along the radial direction. (B) is the figure which looked at the principal part of the stator which provides only a slot parallel to the axial direction P toward the front-end | tip part side from the base end part side of each teeth along radial direction. It is a perspective view of the stator which concerns on the 2nd modification of embodiment of this invention. 9A is a view of the slot between the U-phase teeth and the V-phase teeth as viewed from the axial direction P shown in FIG. 8, and FIG. 9B is a view between the U-phase teeth and the W-phase teeth. It is the figure which looked at the slot from diagonal direction PS shown in FIG. It is an exploded perspective view of a claw pole type motor concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which fractures | ruptures and shows the principal part of the claw pole type motor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 12A is a cross-sectional view of a main part with respect to the circumferential direction of the rotor according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12B is a plan view of the main part when the rotor according to the embodiment of the present invention is viewed from the direction of the rotation axis O. FIG. It is a graph which shows an example of the polar arc angle and torque density of the rotor which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows an example of the salient pole width and torque density of the rotor which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Stator 10a Stator main body 11 U-phase stator ring 12 V-phase stator ring 13 W-phase stator ring 14 U-phase annular winding (annular winding)
15 W-phase annular winding (annular winding)
22 U-phase Teeth
24 V-phase teeth (teeth)
26 W phase teeth (teeth)
31 U phase meandering part (meandering part)
31a U phase transition part 31b Transition part 32 W phase meandering part (meandering part)
32a W phase transition part 32b Transition part 33 Step part 50 Claw pole type motor 51 Rotor 52 Permanent magnet 55 Opposing part

Claims (4)

A three-phase stator comprising a two-phase annular winding,
The annular winding includes a meandering portion, and each of the three-phase teeth attached to the meandering portion has an axial direction in which at least base ends of the teeth along the radial direction are parallel to the axis of the annular winding. A step portion is formed by the teeth adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the annular winding,
The stator according to claim 1, wherein the meandering portion of the annular winding disposed in a slot between the teeth is disposed at the step portion formed by the teeth adjacent in the circumferential direction. 2. The stator according to claim 1 , wherein a slot between the teeth where the step of the step portion is maximum is inclined with respect to the axial direction, and the two-phase annular winding is disposed. . A motor comprising the stator according to claim 1 or 2 and a rotor having a permanent magnet,
The length of the permanent magnet along the axial direction is shorter than the axial effective length of the three-phase teeth disposed on the stator,
For the facing part of the rotor facing the tip of each of the three-phase teeth,
The length of the facing portion along the axial direction is not less than the length of the permanent magnet along the axial direction and not more than the effective axial length of the three-phase teeth. . The length in the axial direction of the rotor salient pole portion provided between the magnet mounting holes in which the permanent magnets are mounted and connected to the facing portion tends to increase as it goes from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side. The motor according to claim 3, wherein

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