JP4454179B2 - Cross-flow type moving bed filter - Google Patents

Cross-flow type moving bed filter Download PDF

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JP4454179B2
JP4454179B2 JP2001140817A JP2001140817A JP4454179B2 JP 4454179 B2 JP4454179 B2 JP 4454179B2 JP 2001140817 A JP2001140817 A JP 2001140817A JP 2001140817 A JP2001140817 A JP 2001140817A JP 4454179 B2 JP4454179 B2 JP 4454179B2
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water level
water
filter medium
turbidity concentration
air
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JP2002331205A (en
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崇史 鈴木
一幸 木坂
大輔 山本
和昌 笠倉
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Suido Kiko Kaisha Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
    • B01D24/4668—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter by moving the filtering element
    • B01D24/4689—Displacement of the filtering material to a compartment of the filtering device for regeneration

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、横流型移動床式ろ過装置に関し、さらに詳しくは、不必要な洗浄排水を抑制できると共に圧縮空気の消費を抑制することができる横流型移動床式ろ過装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の横流型移動床式ろ過装置は、例えば特表２０００−５１６１３５号公報に開示されている。
【０００３】
図１０は、従来の横流型移動床式ろ過装置の一例を示す構成図である。
この横流型移動床式ろ過装置５００は、ろ材（砂）１０が下部に堆積したろ過槽１と、ろ過槽１の下部側壁に設置された流入チャンバー２と、流入チャンバー２から流入した原水がろ材１０を通過してから流出するように流入チャンバー２の反対側の側壁に設置された流出チャンバー３と、流出チャンバー３から排出する処理水量を調節するための処理水調節弁５と、ろ過槽１の底部付近のろ材１０を圧縮空気により水と共にろ材洗浄器２０に搬送するエアリフトポンプ６およびエアリフト管７と、エアリフトポンプ６に供給する圧縮空気量を調節するための空気調節弁８と、ろ過槽１の上部に設置され且つ搬送されてきた圧縮空気と水とろ材１０を分離して圧縮空気は排気し水は排水しろ材１０は落下させるろ材洗浄器２０と、ろ過槽１内の水位ＷＬを計測する水位計３０と、横流型移動床式ろ過装置５００の運転を制御する制御装置４５とを具備して構成されている。
【０００４】
ろ過槽１は、角形筒状である。ろ材１０をエアリフトポンプ６で集めやすくするため、ろ過槽１の底部は、テーパ状になっている。
【０００５】
エアリフトポンプ６には、空気調整弁８を介して、圧縮空気が供給される。この圧縮空気は、エアリフト管７を上昇し、ろ材洗浄器２０から排気される。この圧縮空気の流れに巻き込まれるように、エアリフトポンプ６に水が吸い込まれ、ろ材洗浄器２０から排水される。そして、この水の流れに巻き込まれるように、ろ材１０がエアリフトポンプ６に吸い込まれ、ろ材洗浄器２０に搬送される。
【０００６】
ろ材洗浄器２０は、外筒２１と、その外筒２１の内側に設置された内筒２２と、その内筒２２から外部へ連通する洗浄排水管２３とから構成される。
【０００７】
原水は、流入チャンバー２によって、ろ材１０に広く分配され、ろ材１０内を横に流れ、集水ストレーナ４を介して、流出チャンバー３に流出する。この間に、原水はろ過される。流出チャンバー３に流出した処理水は、処理水調節弁５を通じて、図示せぬ処理水槽へ流出する。
【０００８】
ろ過槽１の下部のろ材１０は、エアリフトポンプ６およびエアリフト管７により、ろ材洗浄器２０に搬送され、ろ材洗浄器２０から、ろ過槽１の下部に堆積したろ材１０の上面に落下する。この間に、ろ材１０に付着した濁質成分が、ろ材１０から剥離する。そして、剥離した濁質成分が混じった水が、オーバーフローによりオリフィス２４から洗浄排水管２３に流れ込み、排水される。
【０００９】
図１１は、横流型移動床式ろ過装置５００の運転方法を示すフロー図である。
ステップＰ１では、処理水調節弁５を全閉にする。
ステップＰ２では、流入チャンバー２に原水を供給する。
ステップＰ３’では、ろ過槽１内の水位ＷＬが設定水位Ｈに到達するまで待ち、水位ＷＬが設定水位Ｈに到達したらステップＰ４へ進む。
ステップＰ４では、エアリフトポンプ６を起動する。すなわち、空気調節弁８を全開にしてエアリフトポンプ６に圧縮空気を供給する。
【００１０】
ステップＰ６では、処理水調節弁５を現状の開度よりも所定量だけ開く。これにより、処理水が排出され始めるか又は処理水の排出量が増加する。
【００１１】
ステップＰ７’では、ろ過槽１内の水位ＷＬを計測し、設定水位Ｈより低くなっていたらステップＰ８へ進み、設定水位Ｈより高くなっていたらステップＰ９へ進み、設定水位Ｈが維持されていたらステップＰ１０へ進む。
【００１２】
ステップＰ８では、処理水調節弁５を現状の開度よりも所定量だけ閉じる。これにより、処理水の排出が止まるか又は処理水の排出量が減少する。そして、前記ステップＰ７’に戻る。
【００１３】
ステップＰ９では、処理水調節弁５が限界開度に達していなかったら前記ステップＰ６に戻り、限界開度に達していたらステップＰ１１へ進む。
【００１４】
ステップＰ１０では、ろ過処理を停止する指示があるまでは前記ステップＰ７’に戻り、ろ過処理を停止する指示があったらステップＰ１１へ進む。
【００１５】
ステップＰ１１では、原水の供給を停止する。
ステップＰ１２では、エアリフトポンプ６を停止する。すなわち、空気調節弁８を全閉にしてエアリフトポンプ６への圧縮空気の供給を止める。
ステップＰ１３では、処理水調節弁５を全閉にする。
【００１６】
図１２は、ろ過槽１のろ過抵抗ΔＰｓの変化を示す例示図である。
原水の濁質濃度が高くなると、ろ材１０間が詰まるために、ろ過抵抗ΔＰｓは高くなる。
【００１７】
図１３は、処理水調節弁５の開度の変化を示す例示図である。
ろ過抵抗ΔＰｓが高くなると、処理水調節弁５の開度が大きくなる。
【００１８】
図１４は、ろ過槽１内の水位ＷＬの変化を示す例示図である。
水位ＷＬは、設定水位Ｈに維持される。これは、ろ過抵抗ΔＰｓの変化に応じて処理水調節弁５の開度を調節するためである。
【００１９】
図１５は、空気調節弁８の開度の変化を示す例示図である。
空気調節弁８の開度は一定である。
【００２０】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来の横流型移動床式ろ過装置５００では、原水の濁質濃度の変化によるろ槽抵抗ΔＰｓの変動を処理水調節弁５の開度により吸収し、水位ＷＬを一定に制御している。このとき、原水が高濁質濃度になっても対応できるように、設定水位Ｈを高めに設定している。また、空気調節弁８の開度を大きめに設定している。
しかし、設定水位Ｈが高めに設定されていると、水位ＷＬも高めに維持されるため、水位ＷＬとオリフィス２４の高さＥＬの水位差ｈで決まる洗浄排水量が多めになる。つまり、低濁質濃度および中濁質濃度の時に、洗浄排水が不必要に多量になり、原水回収効率が悪くなる問題点がある。
また、空気調節弁８の開度が大きめに設定されていると、圧縮空気の消費量が多めになる。つまり、低濁質濃度および中濁質濃度の時に、圧縮空気が不必要に多量に消費される問題点がある。
そこで、本発明の目的は、不必要な洗浄排水を抑制できると共に圧縮空気の消費を抑制することができる横流型移動床式ろ過装置を提供することにある。
【００２１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
第１の観点では、本発明は、原水中の濁質成分を付着捕捉するためのろ材（１０）が下部に堆積したろ過槽（１）と、ろ過槽（１）の下部側壁に設置され原水をろ過槽（１）に供給するための流入チャンバー（２）と、流入チャンバー（２）の反対側のろ過槽（１）の下部側壁に設置され処理水を排出するための流出チャンバー（３）と、流出チャンバー（３）から排出する処理水量を調節するための処理水調節弁（５）と、ろ過槽（１）の底部付近のろ材（１０）を圧縮空気により水と共にろ材洗浄器（２０）に搬送するエアリフトポンプ（６）およびエアリフト管（７）と、エアリフトポンプ（６）に供給する圧縮空気量を調節するための空気調節弁（８）と、ろ過槽（１）の上部に設置され且つ搬送されてきた圧縮空気と水とろ材（１０）から圧縮空気とろ材（１０）から離脱した濁質成分を含む水とろ材（１０）とを分離して、圧縮空気は排気し、ろ材（１０）から離脱した濁質成分を含む水は排水し、ろ材（１０）は落下させるろ材洗浄器（２０）と、ろ過槽（１）内の水位（ＷＬ）を計測する水位計（３０）と、運転を制御する制御装置（４０）とを具備して構成され、前記制御装置（４０）は、高濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ３）とそれより低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）とを設定され、また、高濁質濃度に対応した空気調節弁（８）の開度（Ｏ３）とそれより低い濁質濃度に対応した空気調節弁（８）の開度（Ｏ１，Ｏ２）とを設定され、まず、高濁質濃度より低い濁質濃度に対応した空気調節弁（８）の開度（Ｏ１，Ｏ２）とした状態で水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度より低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）に一致するように処理水調節弁（５）の開度を制御し、処理水調節弁（５）の開度を全開にしても水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度より低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）より高くなる場合は、高濁質濃度に対応した空気調節弁（８）の開度（Ｏ３）とした状態で水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ３）に一致するように処理水調節弁（５）の開度を制御することを特徴とする横流型移動床式ろ過装置を提供する。
上記第１の観点による横流型移動床式ろ過装置では、原水の濁質濃度に応じて設定水位を多段階に設定し、これにろ過槽の水位が一致するように処理水の排出量を調整するから、原水の濁質濃度が低い時には、ろ過槽の水位で決まる洗浄排水量が少なめになる。つまり、濁質濃度が低い時に洗浄排水が不必要に多量に排水されることがなくなり、原水回収効率を向上できる。
また、エアリフトポンプへ供給する圧縮空気量を原水の濁質濃度に応じて多段階に調節するから、原水の濁質濃度が低い時には、圧縮空気の消費量が少なめになる。つまり、不必要な圧縮空気の消費を防止することが出来る。
【００２２】
第２の観点では、本発明は、原水中の濁質成分を付着捕捉するためのろ材（１０）が下部に堆積したろ過槽（１）と、ろ過槽（１）の下部側壁に設置され原水をろ過槽（１）に供給するための流入チャンバー（２）と、流入チャンバー（２）の反対側のろ過槽（１）の下部側壁に設置され処理水を排出するための流出チャンバー（３）と、流出チャンバー（３）から排出する処理水量を調節するための処理水調節弁（５）と、ろ過槽（１）の底部付近のろ材（１０）を圧縮空気により水と共にろ材洗浄器（２０）に搬送するエアリフトポンプ（６）およびエアリフト管（７）と、エアリフトポンプ（６）に供給する圧縮空気量を調節するための空気調節弁（８）と、ろ過槽（１）の上部に設置され且つ搬送されてきた圧縮空気と水とろ材（１０）から圧縮空気とろ材（１０）から離脱した濁質成分を含む水とろ材（１０）とを分離して、圧縮空気は排気し、ろ材（１０）から離脱した濁質成分を含む水は排水し、ろ材（１０）は落下させるろ材洗浄器（２０）と、ろ過槽（１）内の水位（ＷＬ）を計測する水位計（３０）と、運転を制御する制御装置（４０）とを具備して構成され、前記制御装置（４０）は、高濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ３）とそれより低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）とを設定され、まず、水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度より低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）に一致するように処理水調節弁（５）の開度を制御し、処理水調節弁（５）の開度を全開にしても水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度より低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）より高くなる場合は、水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ３）に一致するように処理水調節弁（５）の開度を制御することを特徴とする横流型移動床式ろ過装置を提供する。
上記第２の観点による横流型移動床式ろ過装置では、原水の濁質濃度に応じて設定水位を多段階に設定し、これにろ過槽の水位が一致するように処理水の排出量を調整するから、原水の濁質濃度が低い時には、ろ過槽の水位で決まる洗浄排水量が少なめになる。つまり、濁質濃度が低い時に洗浄排水が不必要に多量に排水されることがなくなり、原水回収効率を向上できる。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図を参照して本発明の実施の形態を説明する。なお、これにより本発明が限定されるものではない。
【００２４】
図１は、本発明の一実施形態にかかる横流型移動床式ろ過装置１００の構成図である。
この横流型移動床式ろ過装置１００は、ろ材（砂）１０が下部に堆積したろ過槽１と、ろ過槽１の下部側壁に設置された流入チャンバー２と、流入チャンバー２から流入した原水がろ材１０を通過してから流出するように流入チャンバー２の反対側の側壁に設置された流出チャンバー３と、流出チャンバー３から排出する処理水量を調節するための処理水調節弁５と、ろ過槽１の底部付近のろ材１０を圧縮空気により水と共にろ材洗浄器２０に搬送するエアリフトポンプ６およびエアリフト管７と、エアリフトポンプ６に供給する圧縮空気量を調節するための空気調節弁８と、ろ過槽１の上部に設置され且つ搬送されてきた圧縮空気と水とろ材１０を分離して圧縮空気は排気し水は排水しろ材１０は落下させるろ材洗浄器２０と、ろ過槽１内の水位ＷＬを計測する水位計３０と、横流型移動床式ろ過装置１００の運転を制御する制御装置４０とを具備して構成されている。
【００２５】
ろ過槽１は、角形筒状である。ろ材１０をエアリフトポンプ６で集めやすくするため、ろ過槽１の底部は、テーパ状になっている。
【００２６】
エアリフトポンプ６には、空気調整弁８を介して、圧縮空気が供給される。この圧縮空気は、エアリフト管７を上昇し、ろ材洗浄器２０から排気される。この圧縮空気の流れに巻き込まれるように、エアリフトポンプ６に水が吸い込まれ、ろ材洗浄器２０から排水される。そして、この水の流れに巻き込まれるように、ろ材１０がエアリフトポンプ６に吸い込まれ、ろ材洗浄器２０に搬送される。
【００２７】
ろ材洗浄器２０は、外筒２１と、その外筒２１の内側に設置された内筒２２と、その内筒２２から外部へ連通する洗浄排水管２３とから構成される。
【００２８】
原水は、流入チャンバー２によって、ろ材１０に広く分配され、ろ材１０内を横に流れ、集水ストレーナ４を介して、流出チャンバー３に流出する。この間に、原水はろ過される。流出チャンバー３に流出した処理水は、処理水調節弁５を通じて、図示せぬ処理水槽へ流出する。
【００２９】
ろ過槽１の下部のろ材１０は、エアリフトポンプ６およびエアリフト管７により、ろ材洗浄器２０に搬送され、ろ材洗浄器２０から、ろ過槽１の下部に堆積したろ材１０の上面に落下する。この間に、ろ材１０に付着した濁質成分が、ろ材１０から剥離する。そして、剥離した濁質成分が混じった水が、オーバーフローによりオリフィス２４から洗浄排水管２３に流れ込み、排水される。
【００３０】
ろ材洗浄器２０から落下したろ材１０は、その直下を頂点とする山形に堆積する。この山の斜面を、落下したろ材１０が転がるが、粒径の大きいろ材１０ほど遠くまで転がる。流入チャンバー２よりも流出チャンバー３寄りにろ材洗浄器２０が設置されているため、流入チャンバー２の近くではろ材の粒径が大きく、流出チャンバー３へ近づくほどろ材１０の粒径が小さくなり、流出チャンバー３の極く近くでろ材１０の粒径がやや大きくなるという、ろ過に好ましい分布が自然に形成される。
【００３１】
図２および図３は、横流型移動床式ろ過装置１００の運転方法を示すフロー図である。
ステップＰ１では、処理水調節弁５を全閉にする。
ステップＰ２では、流入チャンバー２に原水を供給する。
【００３２】
ステップＰ３では、ろ過槽１内の水位ＷＬが設定水位Ｈ１に到達するまで待ち、水位ＷＬが設定水位Ｈ１に到達したらステップＰ４へ進む。
ここで、Ｈ１は、原水が低濁質濃度の場合に対応できるような水位である。ちなみに、原水が中濁質濃度の場合に対応できるような設定水位をＨ２とし、原水が高濁質濃度の場合に対応できるような設定水位をＨ３とする。Ｈ１＜Ｈ２＜Ｈ３である。Ｈ３は、従来の設定水位Ｈと等しい。
【００３３】
ステップＰ４では、エアリフトポンプ６を起動する。すなわち、空気調節弁８を全開にしてエアリフトポンプ６に圧縮空気を供給する。
ステップＰ５では、空気調節弁８の開度をＯ１として、エアリフトポンプ６に供給する圧縮空気を減らす。
ここで、Ｏ１は、原水が低濁質濃度の場合に対応できるような開度である。ちなみに、原水が中濁質濃度の場合に対応できるような開度をＯ２とし、原水が高濁質濃度の場合に対応できるような開度をＯ３とする。Ｏ１＜Ｏ２＜Ｏ３である。Ｏ３は、全開に相当する。
【００３４】
ステップＰ６では、処理水調節弁５を現状の開度よりも所定量だけ開く。これにより、処理水が排出され始めるか又は処理水の排出量が増加する。
【００３５】
ステップＰ７では、ろ過槽１内の水位ＷＬを計測し、設定水位Ｈ１より低くなっていたらステップＰ８へ進み、設定水位Ｈ１より高くなっていたらステップＰ９へ進み、設定水位Ｈ１が維持されていたらステップＰ１０へ進む。
【００３６】
ステップＰ８では、処理水調節弁５を現状の開度よりも所定量だけ閉じる。これにより、処理水の排出が止まるか又は処理水の排出量が減少する。そして、前記ステップＰ７に戻る。
【００３７】
ステップＰ９では、処理水調節弁５が限界開度に達していなかったら前記ステップＰ６に戻り、限界開度に達していたら図３のステップＰ２０へ進む。
【００３８】
ステップＰ１０では、ろ過処理を停止する指示があるまでは前記ステップＰ７に戻り、ろ過処理を停止する指示があったらステップＰ１１へ進む。
【００３９】
ステップＰ１１では、原水の供給を停止する。
ステップＰ１２では、エアリフトポンプ６を停止する。すなわち、空気調節弁８を全閉にしてエアリフトポンプ６への圧縮空気の供給を止める。
ステップＰ１３では、処理水調節弁５を全閉にする。
【００４０】
図３のステップＰ２０では、空気調節弁８の開度をＯ２として、エアリフトポンプ６に供給する圧縮空気を増やす。前述のように、Ｏ２は、原水が中濁質濃度の場合に対応できるような開度である。
【００４１】
ステップＰ２１では、ろ過槽１内の水位ＷＬを計測し、設定水位Ｈ２より低くなっていたらステップＰ２２へ進み、設定水位Ｈ２より高くなっていたらステップＰ２３へ進み、設定水位Ｈ２が維持されていたら前記ステップＰ１０に戻る。
【００４２】
ステップＰ２２では、処理水調節弁５を現状の開度よりも所定量だけ閉じる。これにより、処理水の排出が止まるか又は処理水の排出量が減少する。そして、前記ステップＰ２１に戻る。
【００４３】
ステップＰ２３では、処理水調節弁５が限界開度に達していなかったらステップＰ２４へ進み、限界開度に達していたらステップＰ２５へ進む。
【００４４】
ステップＰ２４では、処理水調節弁５を現状の開度よりも所定量だけ開く。これにより、処理水が排出され始めるか又は処理水の排出量が増加する。そして、前記ステップＰ２１に戻る。
【００４５】
ステップＰ２５では、空気調節弁８の開度をＯ３として、エアリフトポンプ６に供給する圧縮空気を増やす。前述のように、Ｏ３は、原水が高濁質濃度の場合に対応できるような開度である。
【００４６】
ステップＰ２６では、ろ過槽１内の水位ＷＬを計測し、設定水位Ｈ３より低くなっていたらステップＰ２７へ進み、設定水位Ｈ３より高くなっていたらステップＰ２８へ進み、設定水位Ｈ３が維持されていたら前記ステップＰ１０に戻る。
【００４７】
ステップＰ２７では、処理水調節弁５を現状の開度よりも所定量だけ閉じる。これにより、処理水の排出が止まるか又は処理水の排出量が減少する。そして、前記ステップＰ２６に戻る。
【００４８】
ステップＰ２８では、処理水調節弁５が限界開度に達していなかったらステップＰ２９へ進み、限界開度に達していたら前記ステップＰ１１に戻る。
【００４９】
ステップＰ２９では、処理水調節弁５を現状の開度よりも所定量だけ開く。これにより、処理水が排出され始めるか又は処理水の排出量が増加する。そして、前記ステップＰ２６に戻る。
【００５０】
図４は、ろ過槽１のろ過抵抗ΔＰｓの変化を示す例示図である。
原水の濁質濃度が高くなると、ろ材１０間が詰まるために、ろ過抵抗ΔＰｓは高くなる。
【００５１】
図５は、処理水調節弁５の開度の変化を示す例示図である。
ろ過抵抗ΔＰｓが高くなると、処理水調節弁５の開度が一旦大きくなるが、空気調節弁８の開度を大きくするので、処理水調節弁５の開度が元に戻っている。
【００５２】
図６は、ろ過槽１内の水位ＷＬの変化を示す例示図である。
水位ＷＬは、原水が低濁質濃度の場合は設定水位Ｈ１に維持される。原水が中濁質濃度の場合は設定水位Ｈ２に維持される。原水が高濁質濃度の場合は設定水位Ｈ３に維持される。これは、ろ過抵抗ΔＰｓの変化に応じて処理水調節弁５および空気調節弁８の開度を調節するためである。
【００５３】
図７は、空気調節弁８の開度の変化を示す例示図である。
ろ過抵抗ΔＰｓが高くなると、空気調節弁８の開度が大きくなる。
【００５４】
図８は、水位ＷＬとオリフィス２４の高さＥＬの水位差ｈの変化を本発明と従来とで比較した例示図である。
実線で示すように、本発明の運転方法では、原水の濁質濃度が低／中の時は水位差ｈも小さくなる。このため、水位ＷＬとオリフィス２４の高さＥＬの水位差ｈで決まる洗浄排水量が少なくなる。つまり、原水回収効率が向上する。
一方、破線で示すように、従来の運転方法では、原水の高濁質濃度に合わせて水位差ｈが大きい。このため、原水の濁質濃度が低／中の時は洗浄排水が不必要に多量になり、原水回収効率が悪くなる。
【００５５】
図９は、空気供給量の変化を本発明と従来とで比較した例示図である。
実線で示すように、本発明の運転方法では、原水の濁質濃度が低／中の時は空気供給量も少なくなる。このため、圧縮空気の消費量を低減できる。
一方、破線で示すように、従来の運転方法では、原水の高濁質濃度に合わせて空気供給量が多い。このため、原水の濁質濃度が低／中の時は圧縮空気を不必要に多量に消費してしまう。
【００５６】
他の実施形態としては、設定水位を２段階（例えばＨ１とＨ３、または、Ｈ２とＨ３）にしたもの、または、設定水位を４段階以上にしたものが挙げられる。
【００５７】
【発明の効果】
本発明の横流型移動床式ろ過装置によれば、不必要な洗浄排水を抑制でき、原水回収効率を向上できる。また、圧縮空気の消費を抑制できる。これらにより、ランニングコストを低減できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態に係る横流型移動床式ろ過装置の構成図である。
【図２】図１の横流型移動床式ろ過装置の運転動作を示すフロー図である。
【図３】図２の続きのフロー図である。
【図４】本発明におけるろ過抵抗の変化を示す例示図である。
【図５】本発明における処理水調節弁の開度の変化を示す例示図である。
【図６】本発明におけるろ過槽内の水位の変化を示す例示図である。
【図７】本発明における空気調節弁の開度の変化を示す例示図である。
【図８】水位差の変化を本発明と従来とで比較した例示図である。
【図９】空気供給量の変化を本発明と従来とで比較した例示図である。
【図１０】従来の横流型移動床式ろ過装置の一例を示す構成図である。
【図１１】図１０の横流型移動床式ろ過装置の運転動作を示すフロー図である。
【図１２】従来のろ過抵抗の変化を示す例示図である。
【図１３】従来の処理水調節弁の開度の変化を示す例示図である。
【図１４】従来のろ過槽内の水位の変化を示す例示図である。
【図１５】従来の空気調節弁の開度の変化を示す例示図である。
【符号の説明】
１ ろ過槽
２ 流入チャンバー
３ 流出チャンバー
５ 処理水調節弁
６ エアリフトポンプ
７ エアリフト管
８ 空気調節弁
２０ ろ材洗浄器
２４ オリフィス
３０ 水位計
４０ 制御装置
１００ 横流型移動床式ろ過装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cross-flow type moving bed type filtration apparatus, and more particularly to a cross-flow type moving bed type filtration apparatus that can suppress unnecessary washing drainage and suppress consumption of compressed air.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional cross-flow type moving bed type filtration apparatus is disclosed in, for example, JP 2000-516135 A.
[0003]
FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional cross-flow type moving bed filtration device.
In this cross-flow type moving bed type filtration apparatus 500, a filter tank 1 in which a filter medium (sand) 10 is deposited in the lower part, an inflow chamber 2 installed on the lower side wall of the filter tank 1, and raw water flowing in from the inflow chamber 2 are filtered. An outflow chamber 3 installed on the opposite side wall of the inflow chamber 2 so as to flow out after passing through 10, a treated water control valve 5 for adjusting the amount of treated water discharged from the outflow chamber 3, and a filtration tank 1 An air lift pump 6 and an air lift pipe 7 for conveying the filter medium 10 near the bottom of the filter together with water to the filter medium cleaner 20 with compressed air, an air control valve 8 for adjusting the amount of compressed air supplied to the air lift pump 6, and a filtration tank A filter medium washer 20 that separates the compressed air, water, and the filter medium 10 that have been installed and transported, and exhausts the compressed air, drains the water, and drops the filter medium 10. A water level gauge 30 for measuring the water level WL, and and a control unit 45 for controlling the operation of the lateral flow moving bed filtration system 500 is constituted.
[0004]
The filtration tank 1 has a rectangular cylindrical shape. In order to make it easy to collect the filter medium 10 with the air lift pump 6, the bottom of the filtration tank 1 is tapered.
[0005]
Compressed air is supplied to the air lift pump 6 via the air adjustment valve 8. The compressed air moves up the air lift pipe 7 and is exhausted from the filter medium cleaner 20. Water is sucked into the air lift pump 6 so as to be caught in the flow of compressed air, and drained from the filter medium cleaner 20. Then, the filter medium 10 is sucked into the air lift pump 6 so as to be caught in the flow of water, and is conveyed to the filter medium cleaner 20.
[0006]
The filter medium cleaner 20 includes an outer cylinder 21, an inner cylinder 22 installed inside the outer cylinder 21, and a cleaning drain pipe 23 that communicates from the inner cylinder 22 to the outside.
[0007]
The raw water is widely distributed to the filter medium 10 by the inflow chamber 2, flows laterally through the filter medium 10, and flows out to the outflow chamber 3 through the water collection strainer 4. During this time, the raw water is filtered. The treated water that has flowed out to the outflow chamber 3 flows out to the treated water tank (not shown) through the treated water control valve 5.
[0008]
The filter medium 10 at the lower part of the filter tank 1 is conveyed to the filter medium cleaner 20 by the air lift pump 6 and the air lift pipe 7 and falls from the filter medium cleaner 20 to the upper surface of the filter medium 10 deposited at the lower part of the filter tank 1. During this time, the turbid component adhering to the filter medium 10 is peeled off from the filter medium 10. Then, the water mixed with the separated turbid component flows from the orifice 24 into the cleaning drain pipe 23 due to overflow, and is drained.
[0009]
FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an operation method of the cross-flow type moving bed type filtration device 500.
In step P1, the treated water adjustment valve 5 is fully closed.
In Step P2, raw water is supplied to the inflow chamber 2.
In Step P3 ′, the process waits until the water level WL in the filtration tank 1 reaches the set water level H. When the water level WL reaches the set water level H, the process proceeds to Step P4.
In step P4, the air lift pump 6 is activated. That is, the air control valve 8 is fully opened to supply compressed air to the air lift pump 6.
[0010]
In Step P6, the treated water regulating valve 5 is opened by a predetermined amount from the current opening degree. Thereby, treated water begins to be discharged or the discharged amount of treated water increases.
[0011]
In Step P7 ′, the water level WL in the filtration tank 1 is measured, and if it is lower than the set water level H, the process proceeds to Step P8. If it is higher than the set water level H, the process proceeds to Step P9, and if the set water level H is maintained. Proceed to step P10.
[0012]
In Step P8, the treated water regulating valve 5 is closed by a predetermined amount from the current opening degree. Thereby, the discharge of the treated water stops or the discharged amount of the treated water decreases. Then, the process returns to Step P7 ′.
[0013]
In Step P9, if the treated water regulating valve 5 has not reached the limit opening, the process returns to Step P6, and if it has reached the limit opening, the process proceeds to Step P11.
[0014]
In Step P10, the process returns to Step P7 ′ until there is an instruction to stop the filtration process, and if there is an instruction to stop the filtration process, the process proceeds to Step P11.
[0015]
In Step P11, the supply of raw water is stopped.
In Step P12, the air lift pump 6 is stopped. That is, the air control valve 8 is fully closed to stop the supply of compressed air to the air lift pump 6.
In step P13, the treated water adjustment valve 5 is fully closed.
[0016]
FIG. 12 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the filtration resistance ΔPs of the filtration tank 1.
When the turbidity concentration of the raw water increases, the space between the filter media 10 is clogged, so that the filtration resistance ΔPs increases.
[0017]
FIG. 13 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the opening degree of the treated water regulating valve 5.
When the filtration resistance ΔPs increases, the opening degree of the treated water control valve 5 increases.
[0018]
FIG. 14 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the water level WL in the filtration tank 1.
The water level WL is maintained at the set water level H. This is for adjusting the opening degree of the treated water control valve 5 according to the change of the filtration resistance ΔPs.
[0019]
FIG. 15 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the opening degree of the air regulating valve 8.
The opening degree of the air control valve 8 is constant.
[0020]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional cross-flow type moving bed filtration apparatus 500, the fluctuation of the filter tank resistance ΔPs due to the change in the turbidity concentration of the raw water is absorbed by the opening degree of the treated water control valve 5, and the water level WL is controlled to be constant. At this time, the set water level H is set high so that the raw water can cope with a high turbidity concentration. Moreover, the opening degree of the air control valve 8 is set large.
However, if the set water level H is set high, the water level WL is also kept high, so that the amount of washing waste water determined by the water level difference h between the water level WL and the height EL of the orifice 24 becomes large. That is, there is a problem that the amount of washing wastewater becomes unnecessarily large at low turbidity concentration and medium turbidity concentration, and raw water recovery efficiency deteriorates.
Moreover, if the opening degree of the air control valve 8 is set to be larger, the consumption amount of compressed air becomes larger. That is, there is a problem that the compressed air is consumed unnecessarily in large amounts at low turbidity and medium turbidity concentrations.
Then, the objective of this invention is providing the cross-flow type moving bed type | formula filtration apparatus which can suppress the consumption of compressed air while suppressing unnecessary washing | cleaning waste_water | drain.
[0021]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the first aspect, the present invention provides a filter tank (1) in which a filter medium (10) for adhering and capturing turbid components in raw water is deposited in the lower part, and a raw water installed on the lower side wall of the filter tank (1). An inflow chamber (2) for supplying water to the filtration tank (1) and an outflow chamber (3) for discharging treated water installed on the lower side wall of the filtration tank (1) on the opposite side of the inflow chamber (2) And a treated water regulating valve (5) for regulating the amount of treated water discharged from the outflow chamber (3), and the filter medium (10) near the bottom of the filtration tank (1) together with water using a filter medium cleaner (20 Air lift pump (6) and air lift pipe (7) conveyed to the air lift pump (6), an air control valve (8) for adjusting the amount of compressed air supplied to the air lift pump (6), and an upper part of the filtration tank (1) Compressed air and water and filter media (1 ) Separated from the compressed air and the water containing the turbid component separated from the filter medium (10) and the filter medium (10), the compressed air is exhausted, and the water containing the turbid component separated from the filter medium (10) is discharged. The filter medium (10) includes a filter medium cleaner (20) for dropping, a water level meter (30) for measuring the water level (WL) in the filter tank (1), and a control device (40) for controlling the operation. The control device (40) is configured with a set water level (H3) corresponding to a high turbidity concentration and a set water level (H1, H2) corresponding to a lower turbidity concentration, The opening (O3) of the air control valve (8) corresponding to the turbidity concentration and the opening (O1, O2) of the air control valve (8) corresponding to the lower turbidity concentration are set. Water in the state of opening (O1, O2) of the air control valve (8) corresponding to a turbid concentration lower than the turbid concentration Controlling the opening of the treated water control valve (5) so that the water level (WL) measured by the meter (30) matches the set water level (H1, H2) corresponding to the turbidity concentration lower than the high turbidity concentration, Even if the opening of the treated water control valve (5) is fully opened, the water level (WL) measured by the water level meter (30) becomes higher than the set water level (H1, H2) corresponding to the turbidity concentration lower than the high turbidity concentration. In this case, the water level (WL) measured by the water level meter (30) in the state of the opening (O3) of the air control valve (8) corresponding to the high turbidity concentration is the set water level (H3 corresponding to the high turbidity concentration). ) To control the degree of opening of the treated water regulating valve (5).
In the cross-flow type moving bed filtration device according to the first aspect, the set water level is set in multiple stages according to the turbidity concentration of the raw water, and the discharge amount of the treated water is adjusted so that the water level of the filtration tank matches this. Therefore, when the turbidity concentration of the raw water is low, the amount of washing wastewater determined by the water level in the filtration tank becomes smaller. That is, when the turbidity concentration is low, the washing waste water is not drained in an unnecessarily large amount, and the raw water recovery efficiency can be improved.
Further, since the amount of compressed air supplied to the air lift pump is adjusted in multiple stages according to the turbidity concentration of the raw water, when the turbidity concentration of the raw water is low, the consumption amount of the compressed air becomes small. That is, unnecessary consumption of compressed air can be prevented.
[0022]
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a filter tank (1) in which a filter medium (10) for adhering and capturing turbid components in raw water is deposited in the lower part, and a raw water installed on the lower side wall of the filter tank (1). An inflow chamber (2) for supplying water to the filtration tank (1) and an outflow chamber (3) for discharging treated water installed on the lower side wall of the filtration tank (1) on the opposite side of the inflow chamber (2) And a treated water regulating valve (5) for regulating the amount of treated water discharged from the outflow chamber (3), and the filter medium (10) near the bottom of the filtration tank (1) together with water using a filter medium cleaner (20 Air lift pump (6) and air lift pipe (7) conveyed to the air lift pump (6), an air control valve (8) for adjusting the amount of compressed air supplied to the air lift pump (6), and an upper part of the filtration tank (1) Compressed air and water and filter media (1 ) Separated from the compressed air and the water containing the turbid component separated from the filter medium (10) and the filter medium (10), the compressed air is exhausted, and the water containing the turbid component separated from the filter medium (10) is discharged. The filter medium (10) includes a filter medium cleaner (20) for dropping, a water level meter (30) for measuring the water level (WL) in the filter tank (1), and a control device (40) for controlling the operation. The control device (40) is configured to set a set water level (H3) corresponding to a high turbidity concentration and a set water level (H1, H2) corresponding to a lower turbidity concentration. Controlling the opening of the treated water control valve (5) so that the water level (WL) measured by the meter (30) matches the set water level (H1, H2) corresponding to the turbidity concentration lower than the high turbidity concentration, Even if the opening of the treated water control valve (5) is fully opened, the water level (WL) measured by the water level gauge (30) is high. If it is higher than the set water level (H1, H2) corresponding to the turbidity concentration lower than the quality concentration, the water level (WL) measured by the water level meter (30) matches the set water level (H3) corresponding to the high turbidity concentration. Thus, a cross-flow type moving bed type filtration device is provided which controls the opening degree of the treated water regulating valve (5).
In the cross-flow type moving bed filtration device according to the second aspect, the set water level is set in multiple stages according to the turbidity concentration of the raw water, and the discharge amount of the treated water is adjusted so that the water level of the filtration tank matches this. Therefore, when the turbidity concentration of the raw water is low, the amount of washing wastewater determined by the water level in the filtration tank becomes smaller. That is, when the turbidity concentration is low, the washing waste water is not drained in an unnecessarily large amount, and the raw water recovery efficiency can be improved.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited thereby.
[0024]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a cross-flow type moving bed filtration apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
This cross-flow type moving bed type filtration apparatus 100 includes a filter tank 1 in which a filter medium (sand) 10 is deposited in the lower part, an inflow chamber 2 installed on the lower side wall of the filter tank 1, and raw water flowing from the inflow chamber 2 into the filter medium. An outflow chamber 3 installed on the opposite side wall of the inflow chamber 2 so as to flow out after passing through 10, a treated water control valve 5 for adjusting the amount of treated water discharged from the outflow chamber 3, and a filtration tank 1 An air lift pump 6 and an air lift pipe 7 for conveying the filter medium 10 near the bottom of the filter together with water to the filter medium cleaner 20 with compressed air, an air control valve 8 for adjusting the amount of compressed air supplied to the air lift pump 6, and a filtration tank A filter medium washer 20 that separates the compressed air, water, and the filter medium 10 that have been installed and transported, and exhausts the compressed air, drains the water, and drops the filter medium 10. A water level gauge 30 for measuring the water level WL, and and a control unit 40 for controlling the operation of the lateral flow moving bed filtration system 100 is constituted.
[0025]
The filtration tank 1 has a rectangular cylindrical shape. In order to make it easy to collect the filter medium 10 with the air lift pump 6, the bottom of the filtration tank 1 is tapered.
[0026]
Compressed air is supplied to the air lift pump 6 via the air adjustment valve 8. The compressed air moves up the air lift pipe 7 and is exhausted from the filter medium cleaner 20. Water is sucked into the air lift pump 6 so as to be caught in the flow of compressed air, and drained from the filter medium cleaner 20. Then, the filter medium 10 is sucked into the air lift pump 6 so as to be caught in the flow of water, and is conveyed to the filter medium cleaner 20.
[0027]
The filter medium cleaner 20 includes an outer cylinder 21, an inner cylinder 22 installed inside the outer cylinder 21, and a cleaning drain pipe 23 that communicates from the inner cylinder 22 to the outside.
[0028]
The raw water is widely distributed to the filter medium 10 by the inflow chamber 2, flows laterally through the filter medium 10, and flows out to the outflow chamber 3 through the water collection strainer 4. During this time, the raw water is filtered. The treated water that has flowed out to the outflow chamber 3 flows out to the treated water tank (not shown) through the treated water control valve 5.
[0029]
The filter medium 10 at the lower part of the filter tank 1 is conveyed to the filter medium cleaner 20 by the air lift pump 6 and the air lift pipe 7 and falls from the filter medium cleaner 20 to the upper surface of the filter medium 10 deposited at the lower part of the filter tank 1. During this time, the turbid component adhering to the filter medium 10 is peeled off from the filter medium 10. Then, the water mixed with the separated turbid component flows from the orifice 24 into the cleaning drain pipe 23 due to overflow, and is drained.
[0030]
The filter medium 10 that has fallen from the filter medium cleaner 20 accumulates in a mountain shape having the apex directly below it. The fallen filter medium 10 rolls on the slope of this mountain, but the filter medium 10 having a larger particle diameter rolls farther. Since the filter medium washer 20 is installed closer to the outflow chamber 3 than the inflow chamber 2, the particle diameter of the filter medium is larger near the inflow chamber 2, and the particle diameter of the filter medium 10 becomes smaller toward the outflow chamber 3. A distribution preferable for filtration in which the particle size of the filter medium 10 is slightly increased in the immediate vicinity of the chamber 3 is naturally formed.
[0031]
2 and 3 are flowcharts showing an operation method of the cross-flow type moving bed filtration apparatus 100. FIG.
In step P1, the treated water adjustment valve 5 is fully closed.
In Step P2, raw water is supplied to the inflow chamber 2.
[0032]
In Step P3, the process waits until the water level WL in the filtration tank 1 reaches the set water level H1, and when the water level WL reaches the set water level H1, the process proceeds to Step P4.
Here, H1 is a water level that can cope with the case where the raw water has a low turbidity concentration. By the way, the set water level that can be used when the raw water has a medium turbidity concentration is H2, and the set water level that can be used when the raw water has a high turbidity concentration is H3. H1 <H2 <H3. H3 is equal to the conventional set water level H.
[0033]
In step P4, the air lift pump 6 is activated. That is, the air control valve 8 is fully opened to supply compressed air to the air lift pump 6.
In Step P5, the opening of the air control valve 8 is set to O1, and the compressed air supplied to the air lift pump 6 is reduced.
Here, O1 is an opening degree that can cope with the case where the raw water has a low turbidity concentration. By the way, the opening degree that can correspond to the case where the raw water has a medium turbidity concentration is O2, and the opening degree that can correspond to the case where the raw water has a high turbidity concentration is O3. O1 <O2 <O3. O3 corresponds to full open.
[0034]
In Step P6, the treated water regulating valve 5 is opened by a predetermined amount from the current opening degree. Thereby, treated water begins to be discharged or the discharged amount of treated water increases.
[0035]
In Step P7, the water level WL in the filtration tank 1 is measured, and if it is lower than the set water level H1, the process proceeds to Step P8. If it is higher than the set water level H1, the process proceeds to Step P9, and if the set water level H1 is maintained, Step is performed. Proceed to P10.
[0036]
In Step P8, the treated water regulating valve 5 is closed by a predetermined amount from the current opening degree. Thereby, the discharge of the treated water stops or the discharged amount of the treated water decreases. Then, the process returns to Step P7.
[0037]
In Step P9, if the treated water regulating valve 5 has not reached the limit opening, the process returns to Step P6, and if it has reached the limit opening, the process proceeds to Step P20 in FIG.
[0038]
In Step P10, the process returns to Step P7 until there is an instruction to stop the filtration process, and if there is an instruction to stop the filtration process, the process proceeds to Step P11.
[0039]
In Step P11, the supply of raw water is stopped.
In Step P12, the air lift pump 6 is stopped. That is, the air control valve 8 is fully closed to stop the supply of compressed air to the air lift pump 6.
In step P13, the treated water adjustment valve 5 is fully closed.
[0040]
In Step P20 of FIG. 3, the opening of the air control valve 8 is set to O2, and the compressed air supplied to the air lift pump 6 is increased. As described above, O2 is an opening that can cope with the case where the raw water has a turbid concentration.
[0041]
In Step P21, the water level WL in the filtration tank 1 is measured. If the water level WL is lower than the set water level H2, the process proceeds to Step P22. If the water level WL is higher than the set water level H2, the process proceeds to Step P23. Return to Step P10.
[0042]
In Step P22, the treated water adjustment valve 5 is closed by a predetermined amount from the current opening degree. Thereby, the discharge of the treated water stops or the discharged amount of the treated water decreases. Then, the process returns to Step P21.
[0043]
In Step P23, if the treated water regulating valve 5 has not reached the limit opening degree, the process proceeds to Step P24, and if it has reached the limit opening, the process proceeds to Step P25.
[0044]
In Step P24, the treated water regulating valve 5 is opened by a predetermined amount from the current opening degree. Thereby, treated water begins to be discharged or the discharged amount of treated water increases. Then, the process returns to Step P21.
[0045]
In Step P25, the opening degree of the air control valve 8 is set to O3, and the compressed air supplied to the air lift pump 6 is increased. As described above, O3 is an opening degree that can cope with the case where the raw water has a high turbidity concentration.
[0046]
In Step P26, the water level WL in the filtration tank 1 is measured. If the water level WL is lower than the set water level H3, the process proceeds to Step P27. If the water level WL is higher than the set water level H3, the process proceeds to Step P28. Return to Step P10.
[0047]
In step P27, the treated water regulating valve 5 is closed by a predetermined amount from the current opening degree. Thereby, the discharge of the treated water stops or the discharged amount of the treated water decreases. Then, the process returns to Step P26.
[0048]
In Step P28, if the treated water control valve 5 has not reached the limit opening, the process proceeds to Step P29, and if it has reached the limit opening, the process returns to Step P11.
[0049]
In Step P29, the treated water regulating valve 5 is opened by a predetermined amount from the current opening degree. Thereby, treated water begins to be discharged or the discharged amount of treated water increases. Then, the process returns to Step P26.
[0050]
FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the filtration resistance ΔPs of the filtration tank 1.
When the turbidity concentration of the raw water increases, the space between the filter media 10 is clogged, so that the filtration resistance ΔPs increases.
[0051]
FIG. 5 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the opening degree of the treated water regulating valve 5.
When the filtration resistance ΔPs is increased, the opening degree of the treated water control valve 5 is once increased, but the opening degree of the air regulating valve 8 is increased, so that the opening degree of the treated water regulating valve 5 is restored.
[0052]
FIG. 6 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the water level WL in the filtration tank 1.
The water level WL is maintained at the set water level H1 when the raw water has a low turbidity concentration. When the raw water has a turbidity concentration, it is maintained at the set water level H2. When the raw water has a high turbidity concentration, it is maintained at the set water level H3. This is for adjusting the opening degree of the treated water regulating valve 5 and the air regulating valve 8 according to the change of the filtration resistance ΔPs.
[0053]
FIG. 7 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the opening degree of the air regulating valve 8.
As the filtration resistance ΔPs increases, the opening of the air control valve 8 increases.
[0054]
FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram comparing the change in the water level difference h between the water level WL and the height EL of the orifice 24 between the present invention and the prior art.
As indicated by the solid line, in the operation method of the present invention, when the turbidity concentration of the raw water is low / medium, the water level difference h is also small. For this reason, the amount of washing waste water determined by the water level difference h between the water level WL and the height EL of the orifice 24 is reduced. That is, the raw water recovery efficiency is improved.
On the other hand, as shown by the broken line, in the conventional operation method, the water level difference h is large in accordance with the high turbidity concentration of the raw water. For this reason, when the turbidity concentration of raw water is low / medium, the amount of washing wastewater becomes unnecessarily large, and the raw water recovery efficiency deteriorates.
[0055]
FIG. 9 is an exemplary diagram comparing the change in the air supply amount between the present invention and the prior art.
As shown by the solid line, in the operation method of the present invention, when the turbidity concentration of the raw water is low / medium, the air supply amount is also reduced. For this reason, consumption of compressed air can be reduced.
On the other hand, as shown by the broken line, in the conventional operation method, the air supply amount is large in accordance with the high turbidity concentration of the raw water. For this reason, when the turbidity concentration of raw water is low / medium, a large amount of compressed air is consumed unnecessarily.
[0056]
Other embodiments include those in which the set water level is in two stages (for example, H1 and H3, or H2 and H3), or in which the set water level is in four or more stages.
[0057]
【The invention's effect】
According to the cross-flow type moving bed type filtration apparatus of the present invention, unnecessary washing drainage can be suppressed and raw water recovery efficiency can be improved. Moreover, consumption of compressed air can be suppressed. As a result, the running cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a cross-flow type moving bed type filtration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the cross-flow type moving bed type filtration device of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart subsequent to FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in filtration resistance in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the opening degree of the treated water regulating valve in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the water level in the filtration tank in the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the opening of the air regulating valve in the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram comparing changes in the water level difference between the present invention and the prior art.
FIG. 9 is an exemplary diagram comparing the change in the air supply amount between the present invention and the prior art.
FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional cross-flow type moving bed type filtration device.
11 is a flowchart showing the operation of the cross-flow type moving bed type filtration device of FIG.
FIG. 12 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in conventional filtration resistance.
FIG. 13 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the opening degree of a conventional treated water regulating valve.
FIG. 14 is an illustration showing a change in the water level in a conventional filtration tank.
FIG. 15 is an exemplary diagram showing a change in the opening of a conventional air control valve.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Filtration tank 2 Inflow chamber 3 Outflow chamber 5 Treated water control valve 6 Air lift pump 7 Air lift pipe 8 Air control valve 20 Filter material washing machine 24 Orifice 30 Water level meter 40 Control apparatus 100 Cross-flow type moving bed type filtration apparatus

Claims (2)

原水中の濁質成分を付着捕捉するためのろ材（１０）が下部に堆積したろ過槽（１）と、ろ過槽（１）の下部側壁に設置され原水をろ過槽（１）に供給するための流入チャンバー（２）と、流入チャンバー（２）の反対側のろ過槽（１）の下部側壁に設置され処理水を排出するための流出チャンバー（３）と、流出チャンバー（３）から排出する処理水量を調節するための処理水調節弁（５）と、ろ過槽（１）の底部付近のろ材（１０）を圧縮空気により水と共にろ材洗浄器（２０）に搬送するエアリフトポンプ（６）およびエアリフト管（７）と、エアリフトポンプ（６）に供給する圧縮空気量を調節するための空気調節弁（８）と、ろ過槽（１）の上部に設置され且つ搬送されてきた圧縮空気と水とろ材（１０）から圧縮空気とろ材（１０）から離脱した濁質成分を含む水とろ材（１０）とを分離して、圧縮空気は排気し、ろ材（１０）から離脱した濁質成分を含む水は高さ（ＥＬ）が一定に保たれ変化しないオリフィス（２４）からオーバーフローにより洗浄配水管（２３）に流れ込み排水し、ろ材（１０）は落下させるろ材洗浄器（２０）と、ろ過槽（１）内の水位（ＷＬ）を計測する水位計（３０）と、運転を制御する制御装置（４０）とを具備して構成され、
前記制御装置（４０）は、高濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ３）とそれより低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）とを設定され、また、高濁質濃度に対応した空気調節弁（８）の開度（Ｏ３）とそれより低い濁質濃度に対応した空気調節弁（８）の開度（Ｏ１，Ｏ２）とを設定され、まず、高濁質濃度より低い濁質濃度に対応した空気調節弁（８）の開度（Ｏ１，Ｏ２）とした状態で水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度より低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）に一致するように処理水調節弁（５）の開度を制御し、処理水調節弁（５）の開度を全開にしても水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度より低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）より高くなる場合は、高濁質濃度に対応した空気調節弁（８）の開度（Ｏ３）とした状態で水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ３）に一致するように処理水調節弁（５）の開度を制御することを特徴とする横流型移動床式ろ過装置。A filter tank (1) for adhering and capturing turbid components in the raw water is deposited in the lower part, and is installed on the lower side wall of the filter tank (1) to supply the raw water to the filter tank (1). The inflow chamber (2), the outflow chamber (3) installed on the lower side wall of the filtration tank (1) on the opposite side of the inflow chamber (2) and the outflow chamber (3) for discharging treated water A treated water control valve (5) for adjusting the amount of treated water, an air lift pump (6) for conveying the filter medium (10) near the bottom of the filtration tank (1) to the filter medium cleaner (20) together with water by compressed air; and An air lift pipe (7), an air control valve (8) for adjusting the amount of compressed air supplied to the air lift pump (6), and the compressed air and water that have been installed and transported above the filtration tank (1) Filter media (10) to compressed air and filter media (1 ) Separating the water Toro material containing a breakaway turbid component (10) from the compressed air is exhausted, the coercive water height including turbid component was removed from the filter medium (10) (EL) is constant From the orifice (24) which does not change dripping, it flows into the drainage pipe (23) by overflow and drains, and the filter medium (10) measures the filter medium cleaner (20) to drop and the water level (WL) in the filter tank (1). Comprising a water level gauge (30) and a control device (40) for controlling operation,
The control device (40) is set with a set water level (H3) corresponding to a high turbidity concentration and a set water level (H1, H2) corresponding to a lower turbidity concentration, and also corresponding to a high turbidity concentration. The opening degree (O3) of the air regulating valve (8) and the opening degree (O1, O2) of the air regulating valve (8) corresponding to the lower turbidity concentration are set. Setting corresponding to the turbidity concentration where the water level (WL) measured by the water level meter (30) with the opening (O1, O2) of the air control valve (8) corresponding to the turbidity concentration is lower than the high turbidity concentration The water level (30) measured by the water level meter (30) is controlled even if the opening of the treated water control valve (5) is fully opened by controlling the opening of the treated water control valve (5) so as to coincide with the water level (H1, H2). WL) is higher than the set water level (H1, H2) corresponding to a turbidity concentration lower than the high turbidity concentration. Treated water so that the water level (WL) measured by the water level meter (30) with the opening (O3) of the corresponding air control valve (8) matches the set water level (H3) corresponding to the high turbidity concentration. A cross-flow type moving bed type filtration device that controls the opening degree of the control valve (5). 原水中の濁質成分を付着捕捉するためのろ材（１０）が下部に堆積したろ過槽（１）と、ろ過槽（１）の下部側壁に設置され原水をろ過槽（１）に供給するための流入チャンバー（２）と、流入チャンバー（２）の反対側のろ過槽（１）の下部側壁に設置され処理水を排出するための流出チャンバー（３）と、流出チャンバー（３）から排出する処理水量を調節するための処理水調節弁（５）と、ろ過槽（１）の底部付近のろ材（１０）を圧縮空気により水と共にろ材洗浄器（２０）に搬送するエアリフトポンプ（６）およびエアリフト管（７）と、エアリフトポンプ（６）に供給する圧縮空気量を調節するための空気調節弁（８）と、ろ過槽（１）の上部に設置され且つ搬送されてきた圧縮空気と水とろ材（１０）から圧縮空気とろ材（１０）から離脱した濁質成分を含む水とろ材（１０）とを分離して、圧縮空気は排気し、ろ材（１０）から離脱した濁質成分を含む水は高さ（ＥＬ）が一定に保たれ変化しないオリフィス（２４）からオーバーフローにより洗浄配水管（２３）に流れ込み排水し、ろ材（１０）は落下させるろ材洗浄器（２０）と、ろ過槽（１）内の水位（ＷＬ）を計測する水位計（３０）と、運転を制御する制御装置（４０）とを具備して構成され、
前記制御装置（４０）は、高濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ３）とそれより低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）とを設定され、まず、水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度より低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）に一致するように処理水調節弁（５）の開度を制御し、処理水調節弁（５）の開度を全開にしても水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度より低い濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ１，Ｈ２）より高くなる場合は、水位計（３０）で計測した水位（ＷＬ）が高濁質濃度に対応した設定水位（Ｈ３）に一致するように処理水調節弁（５）の開度を制御することを特徴とする横流型移動床式ろ過装置。A filter tank (1) for adhering and capturing turbid components in the raw water is deposited in the lower part, and is installed on the lower side wall of the filter tank (1) to supply the raw water to the filter tank (1). The inflow chamber (2), the outflow chamber (3) installed on the lower side wall of the filtration tank (1) on the opposite side of the inflow chamber (2) and the outflow chamber (3) for discharging treated water A treated water control valve (5) for adjusting the amount of treated water, an air lift pump (6) for conveying the filter medium (10) near the bottom of the filtration tank (1) to the filter medium cleaner (20) together with water by compressed air; and An air lift pipe (7), an air control valve (8) for adjusting the amount of compressed air supplied to the air lift pump (6), and the compressed air and water that have been installed and transported above the filtration tank (1) Filter media (10) to compressed air and filter media (1 ) Separating the water Toro material containing a breakaway turbid component (10) from the compressed air is exhausted, the coercive water height including turbid component was removed from the filter medium (10) (EL) is constant From the orifice (24) which does not change dripping, it flows into the drainage pipe (23) by overflow and drains, and the filter medium (10) measures the filter medium cleaner (20) to drop and the water level (WL) in the filter tank (1). Comprising a water level gauge (30) and a control device (40) for controlling operation,
The control device (40) is set with a set water level (H3) corresponding to a high turbidity concentration and a set water level (H1, H2) corresponding to a lower turbidity concentration. The opening of the treated water control valve (5) is controlled so that the measured water level (WL) matches the set water level (H1, H2) corresponding to the turbidity concentration lower than the high turbidity concentration. If the water level (WL) measured by the water level meter (30) is higher than the set water level (H1, H2) corresponding to the turbidity concentration lower than the high turbidity concentration even if the opening degree of 5) is fully opened, A cross-flow type moving bed characterized by controlling the opening of the treated water control valve (5) so that the water level (WL) measured in (30) matches the set water level (H3) corresponding to the high turbidity concentration. Type filtration device.
JP2001140817A 2001-05-11 2001-05-11 Cross-flow type moving bed filter Expired - Fee Related JP4454179B2 (en)

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CN113023959A (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-06-25 西安市天佑净化设备有限责任公司 Progressive selective wastewater recovery and purification equipment

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