JP4452668B2 - Direct playback device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a direct regeneration apparatus, and in particular, after passing an absorbing liquid through a liquid pipe and preheating by exchanging convective heat with high-temperature exhaust gas in a flue, it is passed through a double inter-cylinder flow path of a liquid cylinder and combustion gas. The present invention relates to a new improvement for improving the heat energy utilization rate by boiling and regenerating by high-temperature radiant heat generated by, and extending the service life of the apparatus by using a combustion bed.

  In conventional direct absorption refrigerators and absorption chiller / heaters, direct regeneration regenerators that regenerate the absorption liquid by direct heating by combustion of fuel gas or fuel oil absorb almost all of the regeneration operation pressure near atmospheric pressure. This is applied to the regeneration of the liquid, and is structurally unnecessary or not equipped with a pressure resistance measure, and is often a four-sided box type. In addition, the flue, which is an exhaust gas flow path, is provided so that the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber or the smoke chamber and the absorption liquid to be heated exchange heat to a basic forward flow. Further, in order to prevent local overheating of the liquid cylinder or the liquid pipe in the high temperature flame portion in the smoke chamber, a technique of incorporating a heat-resistant material such as brick in the high temperature flame portion is also used.

JP 2000-146361 A JP 2001-153488 A

Since the conventional direct playback apparatus is configured as described above, the following problems exist.
In the case of a direct-effect multi-effect, for example, a triple-effect absorption refrigerator or absorption chiller / heater, the refrigerant vapor pressure generated when regenerating the absorbent in the direct-current regenerator, which is a high-temperature regenerator, is higher than in the case of a double effect. Since it is much higher, it becomes necessary to take pressure-resistant measures. Also, with conventional double-effect direct-fired regenerators, heat exchange between the high-temperature exhaust gas in the flue and the absorbent on the heated side is not convection, so the high-temperature exhaust gas can be used to regenerate the absorption liquid to a lower temperature or lower quality. It is not possible and the utilization rate of heat energy is relatively low. Further, when a heat-resistant material such as brick is installed in the smoke chamber high-temperature flame portion, there is a problem that the apparatus size becomes excessive due to the large heat transfer area.

The direct regeneration apparatus according to the present invention is configured by direct heating by burning a fuel using a burner, by using a regeneration flow to absorb a rare absorption liquid from an absorber or a regenerative absorption liquid from a lower temperature regenerator part. , Regenerates the absorbent after regeneration to a higher concentration of the absorbent, returns the absorbent after regeneration to the absorber, or supplies it to other regenerator units for regeneration, and the generated refrigerant vapor is further reduced to a lower temperature. In a direct regeneration apparatus that is used as a heat source for absorbing liquid regeneration, a liquid cylinder connected to the burner and having a smoke chamber in a boiling heating area by high-temperature radiation, and a double inter-cylinder flow formed in the liquid cylinder A gas-liquid separator that is provided on the upper surface of the liquid cylinder and communicates with the flow path between the double cylinders and separates and discharges the refrigerant vapor and the regenerated absorption liquid, and is connected to the liquid cylinder. Has absorption liquid inlet and absorption liquid end chamber A plurality of liquid pipes, one end of which is provided in the shell and connected to the absorption liquid end chamber and the other end of which is connected to the flow path between the double cylinders, and the liquid pipes in the shell. comprising a flue for passing Rutotomoni exhaust gas through communication with the smoke chamber via the formed exhaust gas outlet opening between, and a gas outlet portion communicating with the flue provided in the shell, the upper end of the shell Is hermetically fixed so as to cover the outer peripheral wall surface of the liquid cylinder so as to contain the exhaust gas outflow opening, and the shell protrusion bulging outside the exhaust gas outflow opening of the shell is located upstream of the liquid cylinder. bound, burned combustion gases from the burner in the smoke chamber, the discharge from through the generated exhaust gas to the shell protrusion and exhaust gas outflow opening of the liquid cylinder flows into the flue the flue gas outlet portion Said absorption The absorption liquid introduced into the end chamber is distributed in each liquid pipe, and while passing through each liquid pipe, heat exchange is performed by convection with the high-temperature exhaust gas in the flue, and the preheated absorption liquid is stored in the liquid cylinder. It flows into the flow path between the double cylinders, is boiled and heated by high-temperature radiant heat generated by combustion of the combustion gas, and is separated into the absorption liquid and refrigerant vapor after regeneration in the gas-liquid separation chamber of the gas-liquid separator. The liquid tube is formed of mild steel or stainless steel, the liquid tube is formed of a smooth tube or a finned heat transfer tube and is formed of a mild steel material or a stainless steel material, and A liquid cylinder portion baffle plate is provided in the inter-double-cylinder flow path of the liquid cylinder, and an eddy current is generated in the absorbed liquid flow in the inter-double-cylinder flow path so that the absorbed liquid is removed from the gas-liquid separator. It is configured to flow into the liquid separation chamber, and A configuration in which a flue portion baffle plate is provided in the flue to generate a vortex in the high-temperature exhaust gas flow in the flue to promote heat exchange between the absorbing liquid inside and outside the liquid pipe and the high-temperature exhaust gas, By partitioning the gas-liquid separation chamber in the gas-liquid separator with a partition plate, a high liquid level absorption liquid storage chamber and a low liquid level absorption liquid storage chamber are formed, and a refrigerant vapor lead-out portion is provided above the gas liquid separation chamber. An eliminator is provided in the vicinity of the inlet of the refrigerant vapor outlet, an absorbent outlet is provided at the lower part of the low liquid level absorbent storage chamber, and the liquid overflowing from the high liquid level absorbent reservoir is reduced to the low level. After the refrigerant vapor generated in the gas-liquid separation chamber passes through the eliminator, the liquid droplets or splashes in the liquid level absorption liquid are collected after being once accumulated in the liquid level absorption liquid storage chamber. It is configured to be derived from the refrigerant vapor deriving unit. In addition, a cylindrical combustion bed having a number of flame holes in the wall in the smoke chamber is provided so as to cover the outlet of the burner, and a combustion gas that is a mixture of fuel gas and air from the burner is provided in the cylindrical shape. When passing through each flame hole of the combustion bed, combustion is performed at a uniform temperature, and a high temperature resistant material made of ceramic or asbestos is applied to the cylindrical combustion bed material.

Since the direct playback apparatus according to the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
That is, the absorption liquid is passed through the liquid pipe and convective heat exchange with the high-temperature exhaust gas in the flue is preheated, then passed through the flow path between the double cylinders of the liquid cylinder and boiled and heated by high-temperature radiant heat from the combustion gas. Since it is separated into refrigerant vapor generated in the separation chamber and absorption liquid after regeneration, it can be applied to high-pressure regeneration operation in the high-temperature regenerator of direct double or triple effect absorption refrigerator or absorption chiller / heater, and burns in the smoke chamber By using the floor, it is possible to avoid the overheating phenomenon of the liquid cylinder due to the high temperature flame part, thereby extending the service life of the apparatus. Also, heat can be recovered by using the exhaust gas to a lower temperature or lower grade by convective heat exchange between the high-temperature exhaust gas and the absorbing liquid in the liquid pipe portion, thereby improving the heat energy utilization efficiency in the direct regeneration device. .

  In the present invention, the absorption liquid is passed through the liquid pipe to perform convective heat exchange with the high-temperature exhaust gas in the flue and preheated, and then passed through the flow path between the double cylinders of the liquid cylinder and boiled and heated by high-temperature radiant heat from the combustion gas. By regenerating and separating the regenerated absorption liquid and the generated refrigerant vapor in the gas-liquid separation chamber, the thermal energy utilization rate is improved and the use of the combustion bed in the smoke chamber avoids the overheating phenomenon of the liquid cylinder, thereby shortening the service life of the device. It is an object of the present invention to provide a direct playback device that can be extended.

A preferred embodiment of a direct playback apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 are a plan view with a partially cut section, a front view with a partially cut section, and a side view for illustrating a first embodiment of a direct reproduction apparatus according to the present invention.
The absorption liquid 20 used in the present invention uses a rare absorption liquid from an absorber or a regenerative absorption liquid from a lower temperature regenerator part by a regeneration flow, and a gaseous liquid such as natural gas, city gas, propane gas, or the like. Regeneration into a regenerated absorbent that has a higher concentration of absorbent by direct combustion of liquid fluid fuel such as fuel or kerosene, light oil, heavy oil, etc., and return this absorbent to the absorber after regeneration or at a lower temperature in the regenerative flow The refrigerant vapor is supplied to the regenerator unit and regenerated, and the generated refrigerant vapor is used as a heat source for regenerating the absorbent in the regenerator unit at a lower temperature.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the direct regeneration apparatus of the present invention mainly includes a liquid cylinder 2 having a smoke chamber 1 in a boiling heating area by high-temperature radiation, and an absorbing liquid connected to the liquid cylinder 2 by convective heat exchange. It is composed of a plurality of liquid tubes 3, a gas-liquid separator 6 and a cup-shaped shell 7 which are preheating regions.

The liquid cylinder 2 includes a smoke chamber 1 and has a double inter-cylinder channel 1a, and both ends thereof are constituted by spherical double cylinders having a pressure-resistant structure, and an opening portion at a downstream position 1b of the liquid cylinder 2 A burner 4 is provided at position 1c. Further, at least one exhaust gas outflow opening 5 is provided at the other end of the liquid cylinder 2, that is, at the circumferential portion of the upstream position 1 d of the absorption liquid flow. A gas-liquid separator 6 communicating with 1a is provided.
The liquid cylinder 2 is made of soft steel or stainless steel, and the liquid pipe 3 is made of a smooth tube or a finned heat transfer tube, and the heat transfer material is soft steel or stainless steel. Is preferred.

  As shown particularly in FIG. 2, the gas-liquid separator 6 has a gas-liquid separation chamber 6a partitioned by an L-shaped partition plate 6g. A liquid absorption chamber 6c is formed, a refrigerant vapor outlet 6d is provided above the gas-liquid separation chamber 6a, an eliminator 6e is provided near the inlet of the refrigerant vapor outlet 6d, and a low liquid absorption chamber An absorbing liquid outlet 6f is provided at the lower part of 6c. After the absorbing liquid overflowing from the high liquid level absorbing liquid storage chamber 6b is once accumulated in the low liquid level absorbing liquid storage chamber 6c, it is led out to the outside from the absorbing liquid outlet 6f, and the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separation chamber 6a. When the vapor passes through the eliminator 6e, the droplets or splashes in the vapor are captured and then derived from the refrigerant vapor deriving unit 6d.

The absorption liquid preheating region is composed of a tube bundle of each of the liquid tubes 3 and a shell 7, an absorption liquid end chamber 8 with an absorption liquid introducing portion 9 is provided on the inlet side of the shell 7, and the upper end portion 7 a A of the shell 7 is The exhaust pipe outflow opening 5 is hermetically fixed so as to cover the outer peripheral wall surface of the liquid cylinder 2. A shell projection 7 a bulging outside the exhaust gas outflow opening 5 of the shell 7 is coupled to the upstream position 1 d of the liquid cylinder 2. Further, between the tube bundle of the liquid pipe 3 of the shell 7 forms a flue 10 of the exhaust gas 11a, the shell 7 exhaust gas 11a is passed through the smoke chamber 1 or al the shell protrusion 7a and the exhaust gas outlet opening 5 the shell butt raised portion 7 a is provided such as to inflate the shell near the exhaust gas outlet opening 5 to the flue 10 of the inner Add smoothly. Further, the liquid pipe 3 is hermetically fixed so as to penetrate the shell end portion 7 b of the shell 7 and communicate with the absorbing liquid end chamber 8. The downstream end 3a of the liquid pipe 3 is configured to communicate with the double inter-cylinder flow path 1a. Further, an exhaust gas outlet 11 is provided on the upper part of the shell 7 near the absorption liquid end chamber 8.

  In the above-described configuration, the combustion gas 14b (shown in FIG. 8) from the burner 4 burns in the smoke chamber 1, and the exhaust gas 11a flows into the flue 10 through the exhaust gas outlet opening 5 of the liquid cylinder 2. The terminal exhaust gas 11 b after heat exchange with the absorbing liquid is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 11. On the other hand, when the absorbing liquid 20 is introduced into the absorbing liquid end chamber 8, it is distributed into the liquid pipes 3 and convective heat exchange with the high-temperature exhaust gas in the flue 10 while passing through the pipe flow paths. Is done. The preheated absorbing liquid 20 flows into the double cylinder flow path 1a of the liquid cylinder 2, where it is boiled and heated by high-temperature radiant heat generated by combustion of the combustion gas 14b in the smoke chamber 1, The regenerated absorbent 21 and the refrigerant vapor 22 are separated after entering the liquid separator 6 and concentrated.

Next, the configuration shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
That is, in FIG. 4, the liquid cylinder portion baffle plate 12 is installed in the double cylinder flow path 1 a of the liquid cylinder 2, and as shown in the AA ′ sectional view of FIG. 2 is provided in the double cylinder flow path 1a between the exhaust gas outflow opening 5 and the gas-liquid separator 6 so as to absorb the absorption in the double cylinder flow path 1a. In addition to causing vortex flow in the flow of the liquid 20 and promoting heat transfer there, the gas-liquid separation of the gas-liquid separator 6 is performed while boiling the absorption liquid 20 in the inter-cylinder flow path 1a to a relatively uniform temperature. It can be made to flow into the chamber 6a.
6 shows the state of the exhaust gas outflow opening 5 provided in the liquid cylinder 2. As shown in the drawing, the exhaust gas outflow opening 5 is provided at a plurality of locations depending on the size of the liquid cylinder 2. As shown in FIG. It is done.

  FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. A flue portion baffle plate 13 is provided in the flue 10 of the liquid pipe 3, and the flue portion baffle plate 13 is formed in the flue 10 in the shell 7. The number of the liquid pipes 3 and the number of the liquid pipes 3 are provided at a plurality of locations, thereby causing a vortex in the flow of the high temperature exhaust gas in the flue 10 to exchange convection heat between the absorbing liquid 20 inside and outside the liquid pipe 3 and the high temperature exhaust gas It can be promoted.

  8 and 9 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a cylindrical combustion bed 14 having a large number of flame holes 14a on the wall in the smoke chamber 1 is provided with an outlet 4a of the burner 4. It is provided to cover. Accordingly, the combustion gas 14b, which is a mixture of fuel and air from the burner 4, passes through the numerous flame holes 14a in the wall of the cylindrical combustion bed 14, and combusts there almost uniformly. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the cylindrical combustion bed 14 has a cylindrical shape, and a high temperature resistant material such as ceramic or asbestos is applied as the material thereof. In the description of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The present invention is applicable to the regeneration of the absorbing liquid in the high-temperature regenerator part of the absorption refrigerant machine and the absorption chiller / heater.

It is a top view with a part notch of the direct reproduction | regeneration apparatus by this invention. FIG. 2 is a front view with a partially cut cross-section of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 2. It is a partially cutaway top view with a cross section which shows the other form of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ of FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is a B-B ′ cross-sectional view of FIG. 4. It is a block diagram which shows the other form of FIG. It is a front view with a partially notched cross section which shows the other form of FIG. It is a three-dimensional view of the combustion bed which is the principal part of FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Smoke chamber 1a Channel between double cylinders 1b Downstream position 1c Opening position 1d Upstream position 2 Liquid cylinder 3 Liquid pipe (absorption liquid preheating area)
3a Downstream end 4 Burner 4a Outlet 5 Exhaust gas outflow opening 6 Gas-liquid separator 6a Gas-liquid separation chamber 6b High liquid level absorbent storage chamber 6c Low liquid level absorbent storage chamber 6d Refrigerant vapor outlet 6e Eliminator 6f Absorption Liquid outlet 6g Partition plate 7 Shell 7a Shell projection 7b Shell end 8 Absorbing liquid end chamber 9 Absorbing liquid introduction part 10 Flue 11 Exhaust gas outlet 11a Exhaust gas 11b End exhaust gas 12 Liquid cylinder part baffle plate 13 Flue part baffle plate 14 Cylindrical combustion bed 14a Flame hole 14b Combustion gas 20 Absorbent liquid 21 Regenerated absorbent 22 Refrigerant vapor

Claims (6)

Absorbing liquid (20) consisting of dilute absorbing liquid from the absorber or regenerating absorbing liquid from a lower temperature regenerator part by direct heating by combustion of fuel using a burner (4) by the regeneration flow. Regenerate the regenerated absorption liquid (21) with a high concentration, and return the regenerated absorption liquid (21) to the absorber or supply it to the other regenerator section to regenerate the generated refrigerant vapor (22). In a direct regeneration device that is used as a heat source for the absorption liquid regeneration of the cooler regenerator part,
A liquid cylinder (2) having a smoke chamber (1) in a boiling heating area by high-temperature radiation connected to the burner (4), and a double inter-cylinder flow path (1a) formed in the liquid cylinder (2), Gas-liquid separation for separating and deriving the refrigerant vapor (22) and the post-regeneration absorption liquid (21) provided on the upper surface of the liquid cylinder (2) and communicating with the double inter-cylinder channel (1a) Vessel (6),
A shell (7) connected to the liquid cylinder (2) and having an absorbing liquid introduction part (9) and an absorbing liquid end chamber (8), and provided in the shell (7) to the absorbing liquid end chamber (8) Formed between a plurality of liquid pipes (3) having one end communicated and the other end communicated with the double-cylinder flow path (1a) and the liquid pipes (3) in the shell (7). the exhaust gas outlet opening (5) through the smoke chamber (1) is passed through continuous Rutotomoni exhaust gas (11a) flue which passes (10), wherein the shell the flue provided in (7) (10) An exhaust gas outlet part (11) communicating with the upper end part (7aA) of the shell (7) so as to cover the outer peripheral wall surface of the liquid cylinder (2) so as to contain the exhaust gas outlet opening part (5). The shell projection (7a) that is hermetically fixed to the shell (7) and bulges outside the exhaust gas outflow opening (5) is coupled to the upstream position (1d) of the liquid cylinder (2),
The combustion gas from the burner (4) (14b) is burned in the smoke chamber (1) within the shell protrusion of the generated exhaust gas (11a) is the liquid cylinder (2) (7a) and the exhaust gas outlet opening Absorbing liquid (20) that flows into the flue (10) through the section (5), is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet section (11), and is introduced into the absorbing liquid end chamber (8) is the liquid pipe ( 3) While passing through each liquid pipe (3), heat absorption is performed by convection with the hot exhaust gas in the flue (10), and the preheated absorption liquid (20) is transferred to the liquid cylinder (20). 2) flows into the double inter-cylinder flow path (1a), is boiled and heated by high-temperature radiant heat generated by combustion of the combustion gas (14b), and is separated in the gas-liquid separation chamber (6a) of the gas-liquid separator (6). A direct regeneration apparatus configured to be separated into the regenerated absorbent (21) and the refrigerant vapor (22).   The liquid cylinder (2) is formed of mild steel or stainless steel, and the liquid pipe (3) is formed of a smooth tube or a heat transfer tube with fins and is formed of a mild steel material or a stainless steel material. The direct playback apparatus according to claim 1.   A liquid cylinder part baffle plate (12) is provided in the inter-double-cylinder flow path (1a) of the liquid cylinder (2), and a vortex flows in the absorption liquid (20) flow in the double-cylinder flow path (1a). The direct regeneration according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the absorption liquid (20) is caused to flow into the gas-liquid separation chamber (6a) of the gas-liquid separator (6). apparatus.   A flue portion baffle plate (13) is provided in the flue (10), and an eddy current is generated in the high-temperature exhaust gas flow in the flue (10) to absorb liquid (20) inside and outside the liquid pipe (3). The direct regeneration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein heat exchange between the high-temperature exhaust gas is promoted.   By dividing the gas-liquid separation chamber (6a) in the gas-liquid separator (6) by a partition plate (6g), a high liquid level absorption liquid storage chamber (6b) and a low liquid level absorption liquid storage chamber (6c) are provided. A refrigerant vapor outlet (6d) is provided in the upper part of the gas-liquid separation chamber (6a), an eliminator (6e) is provided near the inlet of the refrigerant vapor outlet (6d), and the low liquid level absorption liquid storage An absorption liquid outlet section (6f) is provided at the lower part of the chamber (6c), and the absorption liquid (20) overflowing from the high liquid level absorption liquid storage chamber (6b) is temporarily stored in the low liquid level absorption liquid storage chamber (6c). When the refrigerant vapor (22) that has been collected from the absorbing liquid outlet (6f) and generated in the gas-liquid separation chamber (6a) passes through the eliminator (6e), liquid droplets or splashes therein. The direct regeneration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is derived from the refrigerant vapor deriving section (6d) after being captured.   In the smoke chamber (1), a cylindrical combustion bed (14) having a number of flame holes (14a) on the wall is provided to cover the outlet (4a) of the burner (4), and the burner (4 Combustion gas (14b), which is a mixture of fuel gas and air from), burns at a uniform temperature when passing through each flame hole (14a) of the cylindrical combustion bed (14), and the cylindrical combustion bed (14 6. A direct reproduction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a high temperature resistant material made of ceramic or asbestos is used as a material.

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