JP4449469B2 - Vehicle interior seat - Google Patents

Vehicle interior seat Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4449469B2
JP4449469B2 JP2004021320A JP2004021320A JP4449469B2 JP 4449469 B2 JP4449469 B2 JP 4449469B2 JP 2004021320 A JP2004021320 A JP 2004021320A JP 2004021320 A JP2004021320 A JP 2004021320A JP 4449469 B2 JP4449469 B2 JP 4449469B2
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vehicle interior
interior seat
layer
skin layer
base material
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JP2005212589A (en
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浩子 上崎
純次 室井
雅文 江本
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/168—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier placed at the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B29K2105/0809—Fabrics
    • B29K2105/0827—Braided fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B29K2105/0809—Fabrics
    • B29K2105/0836—Knitted fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
    • B29L2031/302—Trim strips

Landscapes

  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

本発明は車両内装用シートに関し、特に、自動車の天井材のように、所要のクッション性と車体に安定して装着できる強度の双方を満足することが要求される車両内装用シートに関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle interior seat, and more particularly to a vehicle interior seat that is required to satisfy both a required cushioning property and a strength that can be stably attached to a vehicle body, such as a ceiling material of an automobile.

クッション性と強度の双方を満足することが求められる車両内装用シートとして、非発泡樹脂シートと発泡樹脂シートとを積層一体化してものが、従来用いられている。特許文献１（特開２０００−１４１４２８号公報）には、その一例として、耐熱性樹脂を基材樹脂とする発泡樹脂層の両面に、熱可塑性樹脂からなる非発泡樹脂層を接着積層した自動車内装材用発泡積層シートが記載されている。   Conventionally, a non-foamed resin sheet and a foamed resin sheet are laminated and integrated as a vehicle interior sheet that is required to satisfy both cushioning properties and strength. Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-141428) discloses, as an example, an automobile interior in which a non-foamed resin layer made of a thermoplastic resin is bonded and laminated on both surfaces of a foamed resin layer made of a heat-resistant resin as a base resin. A foam laminated sheet for materials is described.

従来のこの種の車両内装用シートでは、薄肉で剛性をあげるために基材としてガラス繊維や炭素繊維で強化した熱可塑性樹脂シートが多く用いられ、また、クッション性を出すためにウレタン発泡層のような発泡樹脂層が用いられ、表皮層には、意匠性を勘案した熱可塑性樹脂非発泡シートが用いられることが多く、通常、それらは、適宜の接着剤、例えばウレタン系接着剤を用いて、接着一体化されている。
特開２０００−１４１４２８号公報 In this type of conventional vehicle interior sheet, a thermoplastic resin sheet reinforced with glass fiber or carbon fiber is often used as a base material in order to increase the thickness and rigidity, and a urethane foam layer is used to provide cushioning properties. Such a foamed resin layer is used, and for the skin layer, a thermoplastic resin non-foamed sheet that takes design into consideration is often used. Usually, they are formed using an appropriate adhesive such as a urethane-based adhesive. , Glued and integrated.
JP 2000-141428 A

近年、自然環境の保全およびその一助としての製品のリサイクル性が世界的な規模で課題となってきており、上記のような車両内装用シートにおいても、この観点からの製品の見直しが求められつつある。しかし、これまで使用されている車両内装用シートでは、上記のように、基材は基材としての機能性向上を、クッション材はクッション性の向上を、接着剤は接着性の向上を、それぞれ単独で追求して材料の選択を行っているのが普通であり、環境保全の観点からは十分なものとはいえない。   In recent years, the conservation of the natural environment and the recyclability of products as an aid have become a global issue, and there is a need for a review of products from this perspective even in the above-mentioned vehicle interior seats. is there. However, in the vehicle interior seats used so far, as described above, the base material improves functionality as a base material, the cushion material improves cushioning properties, and the adhesive improves adhesiveness. In general, the selection of materials is pursued alone, which is not sufficient from the viewpoint of environmental conservation.

すなわち、異なった材料を個々に使用し、それを接着剤で積層一体化した製品は、分別してリサイクルすることはきわめて困難であり、廃棄物として処理する場合に粉砕処理するのがせいぜいであることから、環境に優しいものとはなっていない。また、ウレタン発泡体やウレタン系接着剤のような材料は例えばアミンのようなＶＯＣ（揮発性有機化合物）を大気へ放散することが問題化しつつある。さらに、国によっては、炭素繊維の使用が「空気圧センサー」の周波帯を吸収する恐れがあることから、その使用場所に制限が課せられる恐れがある。自動車のように世界のあらゆる場所で数多く使用されるものにおいては、上記のような課題を率先して解決することが求められる。   In other words, products that use different materials individually and are laminated and integrated with an adhesive are extremely difficult to separate and recycle, and are at best crushed when treated as waste. Therefore, it is not environmentally friendly. In addition, materials such as urethane foam and urethane-based adhesives are becoming a problem in that VOCs (volatile organic compounds) such as amines are diffused into the atmosphere. In addition, in some countries, the use of carbon fiber can absorb the “air pressure sensor” frequency band, which can place restrictions on where it can be used. In a vehicle that is used in many places in the world such as an automobile, it is required to take the initiative to solve the above-mentioned problems.

本発明は上記のような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、特に、車両内装用シートにおいて、クッション性と強度との双方を満足しながら、環境保全をも十分に満足することのできる、新規な車両内装用シートを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and in particular, in a vehicle interior seat, a novel which can sufficiently satisfy environmental protection while satisfying both cushioning properties and strength. An object is to provide a vehicle interior seat.

本発明による車両内装用シートは、クッション性のある表皮層の裏面に基材が積層されている車両内装用シートであって、表皮層と基材とは、同一の熱可塑性樹脂からなる素材で構成されており、かつ両者はレーザー溶着により積層一体化されていることを特徴とする。   A vehicle interior seat according to the present invention is a vehicle interior seat in which a base material is laminated on the back surface of a cushioning skin layer, and the skin layer and the base material are made of the same thermoplastic resin. And both are laminated and integrated by laser welding.

上記の車両内装用シートでは、車両内装用シートを構成する素材は同一の素材であり、かつ、表皮層と基材の一体化も接着剤を用いることなくレーザー溶着で行っており、異種材料は入り込まない。そのために、廃棄処理時に、溶融しペレット化するなどの処理によって資源としての再利用が可能となる。また、通常の使用時やリサイクル処理時にＶＯＣの発生も抑えることができる。レーザー加工による溶着範囲は、表面層と基材との積層界面が実使用時に分離しない程度に積層一体化されることを条件に、部分的な線状あるいはスポット状の溶着でもよく、もちろん、全面溶着であってもよい。コスト面からは、前者の態様が好ましい。   In the above vehicle interior seat, the material constituting the vehicle interior seat is the same material, and the integration of the skin layer and the base material is also performed by laser welding without using an adhesive. Don't get in. Therefore, at the time of disposal, it can be reused as a resource by processing such as melting and pelletizing. In addition, the occurrence of VOC can be suppressed during normal use or recycling processing. The welding range by laser processing may be partial linear or spot welding as long as the lamination interface between the surface layer and the substrate is not separated during actual use, and of course the entire surface It may be welded. From the viewpoint of cost, the former mode is preferable.

なお、本発明において、「同一の素材」の用語は、樹脂成分が全く同じ素材ばかりでなく、廃棄処理時に、溶融ペレット化して資源として再利用するときに、異種材料と認識されるものが含まれないことを条件に、当該熱可塑性樹脂を主成分とする樹脂材料も含むものとして使用している。   In the present invention, the term “same material” includes not only materials with exactly the same resin component, but also those recognized as different materials when being disposed as a molten pellet and reused as a resource at the time of disposal. However, it is also used as a resin material containing the thermoplastic resin as a main component.

上記の車両内装用シートにおいて、レーザー溶着を容易化するために、表皮層は裏面に密な面を持つ中間層を有するようにし、該中間層と基材とをレーザー溶着により一体化することは好ましい。中間層は、表皮層の裏面側を熱溶融することにより形成された層であってもよく、表皮層と同一の素材からなるシートを熱溶融によりまたはレーザー溶着により表皮層の裏面に一体化した層であってもよい。   In the vehicle interior seat described above, in order to facilitate laser welding, the skin layer has an intermediate layer having a dense surface on the back surface, and the intermediate layer and the substrate are integrated by laser welding. preferable. The intermediate layer may be a layer formed by thermally melting the back surface side of the skin layer, and a sheet made of the same material as the skin layer is integrated with the back surface of the skin layer by heat melting or laser welding. It may be a layer.

レーザー溶着には、適宜のレーザー加工法を採用することができるが、レーザー透過溶着法、すなちわ、レーザー透過性のある材料とそれと同一あるいは相溶性のある材料であってレーザー吸収性のある材料を加圧しながら積層し、レーザービームを照射して積層体の界面（境界面）部分を溶融し一体化する方法は、特に好ましい。レーザーとしては、ダイレクトダイオードレーザー、ＹＡＧ（イットリウム・アルミニウム・ガーネット結晶）レーザーがなどを用いうるが、経済性、ビーム品質、コストなどの観点からダイレクトダイオードレーザーは好ましい。   For laser welding, an appropriate laser processing method can be adopted, but a laser transmission welding method, that is, a material that is the same as or compatible with a laser transmitting material and has a laser absorbing property. A method of laminating a certain material while applying pressure and irradiating a laser beam to melt and integrate the interface (boundary surface) portion of the laminate is particularly preferable. As the laser, a direct diode laser, a YAG (yttrium / aluminum / garnet crystal) laser, and the like can be used, but a direct diode laser is preferable from the viewpoints of economy, beam quality, cost, and the like.

本発明による車両内装用シートにおいて、表皮層は、使用するレーザーが透過することと、所要のクッション性を有することを条件に任意であるが、好ましくは、意匠層とクッション層を備えるようにされる。意匠層は内装材に求められる所要の意匠性と手触り感を作り出す層であり、クッション層は良好な衝撃吸収性を与える層である。２つの層は一体形成されたものでもよく、別々に形成したものを一体化したものでもよい。また、表皮層は、織物、編物のような編織布、または不織布からなる層を少なくとも一部に含むことが好ましく、この層はクッション層として効果的に機能する。編物（編布）の場合には、ダブルラッセル編物、ループニット、トリコット、などが好ましいが、ダブルラッセル編物は、表皮層とクッション層を一体成形できることから特に好ましい。意匠層とクッション層とを別々に織編する場合、当然にそれらは互いに相溶性のある素材で作られる。そして、それらを熱溶着、レーザー溶着、または接着剤による接合などにより一体化して表皮層とする。   In the vehicle interior seat according to the present invention, the skin layer is optional on the condition that the laser to be used is transmitted and that it has the required cushioning properties. Preferably, the skin layer is provided with a design layer and a cushion layer. The The design layer is a layer that creates the required design and touch feeling required for the interior material, and the cushion layer is a layer that gives good shock absorption. The two layers may be formed integrally or may be formed by integrating separately formed layers. The skin layer preferably includes at least part of a layer formed of a woven fabric, a knitted fabric such as a knitted fabric, or a non-woven fabric, and this layer effectively functions as a cushion layer. In the case of a knitted fabric (knitted fabric), a double raschel knitted fabric, a loop knit, a tricot, etc. are preferable, but a double raschel knitted fabric is particularly preferable because the skin layer and the cushion layer can be integrally formed. When weaving and knitting the design layer and the cushion layer separately, they are naturally made of materials compatible with each other. Then, they are integrated by heat welding, laser welding, or bonding with an adhesive to form a skin layer.

本発明による車両内装用シートにおいて、基材は、表皮層の素材と同一の素材であることを条件に任意である。しかし、レーザー加工、特に、ダイレクトダイオードレーザーを用いる加工でもって、表皮層との界面でのレーザー溶着を容易かつ確実とするために、基材に、表皮層と比較してレーザー吸収性を改善するための手段を施しておくことが推奨される。前記手段としては、黒色顔料による着色のような手段があげられる。レーザービームの吸収性をよくために、基材に重量比で０．１〜１．０ｗｔ％程度のカーボンを混入しておくことが推奨される。また、基材の素材としては、安価で成形加工が容易であることから、ポリプロピレン樹脂またはポリプロピレンを主成分とする樹脂は特に好ましい。   In the vehicle interior seat according to the present invention, the base material is optional on the condition that it is the same material as the material of the skin layer. However, laser processing, especially processing using a direct diode laser, improves laser absorption on the substrate compared to the skin layer in order to make laser welding at the interface with the skin layer easy and reliable It is recommended that measures be taken for this purpose. Examples of the means include means such as coloring with a black pigment. In order to improve the absorbability of the laser beam, it is recommended that carbon of about 0.1 to 1.0 wt% by weight is mixed in the base material. In addition, as a material for the base material, a polypropylene resin or a resin containing polypropylene as a main component is particularly preferable because it is inexpensive and easy to mold.

本発明において、表皮層、中間層および基材の素材は、熱可塑性樹脂であることを条件に任意であるが、レーザー加工性をよくするために、レーザー光に対して所定以上の透過率（通常の車両内装用シートの場合、３ｍｍ肉厚レベルで約１５％程度以上のレーザー透過率）を有する熱可塑性樹脂を用いることは好ましい。そのような樹脂としては、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、ＬＤＰＥ，ポリカーボネート（ＰＣ），ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ），ポリブチレンテレフタレート（ＰＢＴ），ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ），ポリアミド（ＰＡ），および、ＲＯＭのような熱可塑性樹脂を挙げることができる。なかでも、繊維にし易いことから、ポリオレフィン系樹脂またはポリアミド系樹脂であることは好ましい。ポリオレフィン系樹脂のなかでも、前記のように、ポリプロピレン系樹脂またはポリプロピレンを主成分とする樹脂は、特に好ましい。   In the present invention, the material of the skin layer, the intermediate layer, and the base material is optional on the condition that it is a thermoplastic resin. In the case of a normal vehicle interior seat, it is preferable to use a thermoplastic resin having a laser transmittance of about 15% or more at a 3 mm thickness level. Such resins include polystyrene (PS), LDPE, polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), and thermoplastics such as ROM. Resins can be mentioned. Especially, since it is easy to make a fiber, it is preferable that they are polyolefin resin or polyamide resin. Among the polyolefin resins, as described above, a polypropylene resin or a resin mainly composed of polypropylene is particularly preferable.

以下、本発明を実施の形態に基づき説明する。図１ａ，図１ｂは本発明による車両内装用シート１０の一例を模式的に示している。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments. 1a and 1b schematically show an example of a vehicle interior seat 10 according to the present invention.

図１ａに示される車両内装用シート１０では、表皮層１としてポリプロピレン繊維を立体的に編組した例えばダブルラッセル編物（トリコット、ジャージ織物）などを用いており、クッション層として効果的に機能する。表皮層１の厚みは、使用場所や使用目的に応じて適宜選択されるが、通常の自動車用の内装材の場合には、約１．０ｍｍ〜１０．０ｍｍ程度である。そして、表皮層１の裏面側を熱板に当てて溶融させることにより、その一部を厚さ約１．０ｍｍ程度の密な層である中間層２としている。   In the vehicle interior seat 10 shown in FIG. 1a, for example, a double raschel knitted fabric (tricot, jersey woven fabric) in which polypropylene fibers are three-dimensionally braided is used as the skin layer 1, and effectively functions as a cushion layer. The thickness of the skin layer 1 is appropriately selected according to the place of use and purpose of use, but in the case of a normal automobile interior material, it is about 1.0 mm to 10.0 mm. And the back surface side of the skin layer 1 is applied to a hot plate and melted, so that a part of the skin layer 1 is an intermediate layer 2 which is a dense layer having a thickness of about 1.0 mm.

基材３は、剛性確保の目的でタルク３０ｗｔ％を添加したポリプロピレン樹脂の非発泡シートである。この非発泡シートの融点とダブルラッセル編物の素材であるポリプロピレン繊維材料の融点とは同じであることが望ましい。基材３の厚さも、車両内装用シート１０の使用場所や使用目的に応じて、適宜選択されるが、通常の自動車用の内装材の場合には、約１．０ｍｍ〜８．０ｍｍ程度である。必要な場合には、０．２ｗｔ％程度のカーボンが添加される。   The base material 3 is a non-foamed sheet of polypropylene resin to which 30% by weight of talc is added for the purpose of securing rigidity. It is desirable that the melting point of this non-foamed sheet and the melting point of the polypropylene fiber material which is the material of the double raschel knitted fabric be the same. The thickness of the base material 3 is also appropriately selected according to the place of use and purpose of use of the vehicle interior seat 10, but in the case of a normal automobile interior material, it is about 1.0 mm to 8.0 mm. is there. If necessary, about 0.2 wt% of carbon is added.

表皮層１の裏面である中間層２が基材３側となるようにして両者を積層し、表皮層１側からレーザー光を照射してレーザー加工を行い、界面をレーザー溶着させて、積層一体化する。この例では、１００Ｗのダイレクトダイオードレーザー加工により、約３ｍｍピッチで線状の溶着を行っている。   Both layers are laminated so that the intermediate layer 2 which is the back surface of the skin layer 1 is on the substrate 3 side, laser processing is performed by irradiating laser light from the skin layer 1 side, the interface is laser welded, and the lamination is integrated Turn into. In this example, linear welding is performed at a pitch of about 3 mm by direct diode laser processing of 100 W.

上記のようにして得た車両内装用シート１０を８０℃に熱してＶＯＣに依存する臭いをチェックしたが、有害な臭いの発生はなかった。また、１２０℃の環境下に４８時間放置したが、シートの歪み、変形は観察されなかった。さらに、基材３を固定して、表皮層１の部分に平均２ｋｇ／ｃｍ２の荷重を掛けて引っ張ったが、表皮層１の中間層２と基材３との間に剥離は生じなかった。 The vehicle interior seat 10 obtained as described above was heated to 80 ° C. and checked for odor depending on VOC, but no harmful odor was generated. The sheet was left for 48 hours in a 120 ° C. environment, but no distortion or deformation of the sheet was observed. Furthermore, the base material 3 was fixed and pulled by applying an average load of 2 kg / cm 2 to the portion of the skin layer 1, but no peeling occurred between the intermediate layer 2 of the skin layer 1 and the base material 3. .

上記のように、本発明による上記の車両内装用シート１０は、ＶＯＣの発散もなく環境に優しいばかりでなく、所望のクッション性と強度をも同時に満足していることがわかる。この車両内装用シート１０を廃棄物として処理する場合にも、すべてが同質の素材からなることから、溶融しペレット化することにより、再資源として容易に利用することができる。すなわち、リサイクル性にも優れている。   As described above, it can be seen that the vehicle interior seat 10 according to the present invention not only emits VOC but is environmentally friendly, and also satisfies the desired cushioning properties and strength at the same time. Even when this vehicle interior seat 10 is treated as waste, it is made of the same material, so that it can be easily used as a resource by melting and pelletizing. That is, it is excellent in recyclability.

図１ｂに示す車両内装用シート１０ａは、中間層２ａとして、厚さ０．１ｍｍ〜１．０ｍｍ程度のポリプロピレン非発泡シートまたはポリプロピレン繊維材料と相溶性のある材料（例えば、ＳＥＢＳのような相溶化剤を加えたポリプロピレンの非発泡シート）を用い、それをダブルラッセル編物１ａの裏面に熱融着させて表皮層１としている点で、図１ａに示した車両内装用シート１０と相違する。中間層２ａと基材３とのレーザー溶着態様は同じである。   A vehicle interior sheet 10a shown in FIG. 1b has, as the intermediate layer 2a, a polypropylene non-foamed sheet having a thickness of about 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm or a material compatible with a polypropylene fiber material (for example, a compatible material such as SEBS). This is different from the vehicle interior seat 10 shown in FIG. 1a in that a non-foamed sheet of polypropylene to which an agent is added is heat-sealed to the back surface of the double raschel knitted fabric 1a to form the skin layer 1. The laser welding mode of the intermediate layer 2a and the substrate 3 is the same.

車両内装用シート１０ａにおいて、ダブルラッセル編物１ａへの中間層２ａの熱融着は、例えば、双方を積層した状態で、中間層２ａ側に熱板を当て圧着することにより行うことができる。その際、熱板の温度は中間層２ａの材料がメルトストレングスを保てる範囲で、できるだけ高温であることが望ましい。また、中間層２ａの材料の融点はダブルラッセル編物１ａの材料の融点と同じものであることが望ましい。さらに、中間層２ａの材料の融点と基材３であるポリプロピレン樹脂の非発泡シートの融点も同じであることが望ましい。なお、表皮層１としてのダブルラッセル編物１と基材３とを単に積層した状態で、レーザー加工による所要の融着が可能の場合には、上記した中間層２、２ａを省略することができる。   In the vehicle interior seat 10a, the heat-sealing of the intermediate layer 2a to the double raschel knitted fabric 1a can be performed, for example, by applying a heat plate to the intermediate layer 2a side and pressure-bonding them in a state where both are laminated. At that time, it is desirable that the temperature of the hot plate be as high as possible as long as the material of the intermediate layer 2a can maintain the melt strength. The melting point of the material of the intermediate layer 2a is preferably the same as the melting point of the material of the double raschel knitted fabric 1a. Furthermore, it is desirable that the melting point of the material of the intermediate layer 2a and the melting point of the non-foamed sheet of polypropylene resin as the base material 3 are the same. In addition, in the state where the double raschel knitted fabric 1 as the skin layer 1 and the base material 3 are simply laminated, if the required fusion by laser processing is possible, the above-described intermediate layers 2 and 2a can be omitted. .

なお、表皮層１として、ポリプロピレン繊維に変えて、ポリアミド繊維やポリエステル繊維を立体的に編組した織物を用いることもできる。その場合には、中間層２ａおよび基材３は、ポリアミド樹脂あるいはポリアミドを主成分とする樹脂、または、ポリエステル樹脂またはポリエステル樹脂を主成分とする樹脂が用いられる。基材３としてポリプロピレン系樹脂を用いる場合に、ポリプロピレンと相溶性のあるポリオレフィン系樹脂で編組したダブルラッセル編物を表皮層として用いることもできる。その場合に、中間層２ａはポリプロピレン系樹脂のシートを用いるか、ポリプロピレンと相溶性のあるポリオレフィン系樹脂からなるシートを用いる。   In addition, as the skin layer 1, a woven fabric in which polyamide fibers and polyester fibers are braided in three dimensions can be used instead of polypropylene fibers. In that case, the intermediate layer 2a and the base material 3 are made of polyamide resin or polyamide-based resin, or polyester resin or polyester resin-based resin. When a polypropylene resin is used as the substrate 3, a double raschel knitted fabric braided with a polyolefin resin compatible with polypropylene can also be used as the skin layer. In that case, the intermediate layer 2a uses a polypropylene resin sheet or a sheet made of a polyolefin resin compatible with polypropylene.

図２は、本発明による車両内装用シートのさらに他の形態を示している。この車両内装用シート１０ｂは、表皮層１がその表面側に意匠層４を有している点で、図１ａに示した車両内装用シート１０と相違している。この意匠層４は、クッション性を持たせるための繊維を立体的に例えばダブルラッセル編物１として編み込むときに、表面に所望の模様柄がでるようにして同時に編み込んで形成されている。図示しないが、意匠層４を所望の模様柄がでるように編組した意匠層４を別途に成形し、それをダブルラッセル編物のような立体的に編み込んだ部材に、熱融着、レーザー溶着、または接着剤接合のような手段により一体化してもよい。   FIG. 2 shows still another embodiment of the vehicle interior seat according to the present invention. This vehicle interior seat 10b is different from the vehicle interior seat 10 shown in FIG. 1a in that the skin layer 1 has a design layer 4 on its surface side. The design layer 4 is formed by knitting fibers for providing cushioning properties three-dimensionally, for example, as a double raschel knitted fabric 1 so that a desired pattern is formed on the surface at the same time. Although not shown, the design layer 4 obtained by braiding the design layer 4 so that a desired pattern is formed is separately formed, and then heat-sealed, laser-welded, and a member knitted in a three-dimensional manner such as a double raschel knitted fabric, Alternatively, they may be integrated by means such as adhesive bonding.

本発明による車両内装用シートの２つの例を模式的に示す図。The figure which shows typically two examples of the vehicle interior seat by this invention. 本発明による車両内装用シートのさらに他の例を模式的に示す図。The figure which shows typically the further another example of the vehicle interior seat by this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０，１０ａ，１０ｂ…車両内装用シート、１…表皮層、２、２ａ…中間層、３…基材、４…意匠層   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 10a, 10b ... Vehicle interior seat, 1 ... Skin layer, 2, 2a ... Intermediate layer, 3 ... Base material, 4 ... Design layer

Claims (8)

クッション性のある表皮層の裏面に基材が積層されている車両内装用シートであって、表皮層と基材とは同一の熱可塑性樹脂からなる素材で構成されており、表皮層はその裏面側を熱溶融することにより形成された中間層を有しており、中間層と基材とがレーザー溶着により積層一体化されていることを特徴とする車両内装用シート。 A vehicle interior seat in which a base material is laminated on the back surface of a cushioning skin layer, and the skin layer and the base material are made of the same thermoplastic resin, and the skin layer is the back surface. A vehicle interior seat having an intermediate layer formed by thermally melting the side, wherein the intermediate layer and the base material are laminated and integrated by laser welding. 表皮層は表面側に意匠層を備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車両内装用シート。 The vehicle interior seat according to claim 1 , wherein the skin layer includes a design layer on the surface side. 表皮層は編織布または不織布からなる層を少なくとも一部に含むことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車両内装用シート。   The vehicle interior seat according to claim 1, wherein the skin layer includes at least part of a layer made of a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric. 表皮層はダブルラッセル編物からなる層を含むことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の車両内装用シート。 The vehicle interior seat according to claim 3 , wherein the skin layer includes a layer made of a double raschel knitted fabric. 基材には表皮層と比較してレーザー吸収性を改善するための手段が施されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の車両内装用シート。 The vehicle interior seat according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the base material is provided with means for improving laser absorptivity as compared with the skin layer. レーザー吸収性を改善するための手段として、基材にはカーボンが混入されていることを特徴とする請求項５に記載の車両内装用シート。 6. The vehicle interior seat according to claim 5 , wherein carbon is mixed in the base material as means for improving laser absorption. 表皮層、中間層および基材の素材はレーザー透過性のよい熱可塑性樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれかに記載の車両内装用シート。 The vehicle interior seat according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the material of the skin layer, the intermediate layer, and the base material is a thermoplastic resin having good laser transparency. 熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリオレフィン系樹脂またはポリアミド系樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項７に記載の車両内装用シート。 The vehicle interior seat according to claim 7 , wherein the thermoplastic resin is a polyolefin resin or a polyamide resin.
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