JP4437425B2 - Screw dehydrator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a screw dehydrator suitable for continuously dehydrating and reducing the amount of water to be dehydrated such as organic sludge and garbage.

  As a conventional technique of this type, screw dehydrator, for example, there is a technique described in JP-A-9-24491.

  In the technique described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-24491, a plurality of endless gaps crossing in a ring shape are formed on the filtration surface of the casing, and a feed spiral (screw blade) is engaged with the endless gap. A scraping tip is provided.

  Therefore, in the above-described conventional technology, the clogging of the endless gap is prevented by scraping and cleaning the solid matter clogged in the endless gap formed on the filtration surface in the casing by the scraping tip. .

  However, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, consideration is not given to efficient dehydration and weight reduction by cutting a dehydrated material having a high water content in the process of being conveyed by a dewatering screw conveyor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to provide a screw dewatering that can be efficiently dehydrated and reduced in volume by cutting the material to be dehydrated in a process of being conveyed by a dewatering screw conveyor. Is to provide a machine.

  Another object of the present invention is to actively squeeze out the moisture of the dehydrated material on the back side in the direction of conveyance of the dehydrated material on the screw conveyor, thereby dehydrating the dehydrated material more strongly and greatly reducing the weight. It is to provide a screw dehydrator that can be realized.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the casing 7 is provided with an inlet 8 for dehydrated material and an outlet 9 for dehydrated material, and the inlet 8 and outlet of the casing 7 are provided. A large number of dewatering slits 10 are arranged between 9 and a screw rotating shaft 11 is inserted into the casing 7, and the screw blades 12 are inserted into the screw rotating shaft 11 by gradually decreasing the pitch in the conveying direction of the material to be dehydrated. A dewatering screw conveyor 6 is provided by connecting the screw rotation shaft 11 to a rotation drive device 13, and a cutter rotation shaft 18 is supported in parallel with the dewatering screw conveyor 6 at a position corresponding to the row of the dewatering slits 10. The cutter rotating shaft 18 has the same interval as the arrangement interval of the dewatering slits 10 in the axial direction thereof, a predetermined interval around the axis, and the dewatering shaft. Through Tsu bets 10 provided a number of cutter 19 can enter between the screw blades 12 and 12 which are adjacent, have established a cutter device 17 for rotating the cutter rotary shaft 18 and the screw rotation shaft 11 at the same speed.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cutter device 17 formed by connecting the cutter rotating shaft 18 to a rotation driving means 20 for rotating the cutter rotating shaft 18 in a direction opposite to the screw rotating shaft 11. It is installed.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the diameter of the screw rotating shaft 11 ′ is gradually increased in the conveying direction of the object to be dehydrated.

  Furthermore, in order to achieve the above object, in the invention according to claim 4 of the present invention, a dewatering material squeezing device 28 is provided in the vicinity of the dewatered material discharge port 9 in the dewatering screw conveyor 6.

According to invention of Claim 1 of this invention,
(1) The solid matter clogged in the dehydration slit 10 is cut out by the cutter 19 of the cutter device 17 to prevent the dehydration slit 10 from being clogged, and water drainage from the dehydration slit 10 is improved.
(2) In the process of transporting the material to be dehydrated by the dewatering screw conveyor 6, the cutter 19 is made to enter between the adjacent screw blades 12 and 12 through the dewatering slit 10, and the cutter 19 is rotated at the same speed as the screw blade 12. Crossing the material to be dehydrated during transportation and extracting the moisture inside the material to be dehydrated from the cut surface.
(3) Formed by making it easy to extract moisture inside the material to be dehydrated and surrounded by the inner wall of the casing 7 of the dewatering screw conveyor 6, the outer periphery of the screw rotating shaft 11, and the adjacent screw blades 12 and 12. Pressurizing the material to be dehydrated in the compressed chamber, and squeezing out the moisture inside the material to be dehydrated,
These three functions are combined, and an object to be dehydrated with a high water content can be efficiently dehydrated and reduced in weight.

  According to the invention described in claim 2 of the present invention, the cutter 19 is caused to enter between the adjacent screw blades 12 and 12 through the dewatering slit 10 in the course of conveying the material to be dewatered by the dewatering screw conveyor 6. Is rotated in the opposite direction of the screw blade 12 to instantaneously cross the dehydrated material being conveyed, and moisture inside the dehydrated material is extracted from the cut surface. There is an effect that the dehydrate can be efficiently dehydrated.

  According to the invention described in claim 3 of the present invention, the diameter of the screw rotating shaft 11 ′ is gradually increased in the conveying direction of the material to be dehydrated, so that the inner wall of the casing 7 and the screw rotating shaft 11 ′ There is an effect that the volume of the compression chamber for the material to be dehydrated formed by being surrounded by the outer periphery and the adjacent screw blades 12 and 12 can be rapidly narrowed in the conveying direction of the material to be dehydrated by simple means, By the compression chamber whose volume suddenly decreases in the transport direction of the material to be dehydrated, the material to be dewatered can be strongly pressurized, the water contained in the material to be dehydrated can be squeezed out, more efficiently dehydrated and consolidated, and reduced in weight. effective.

Furthermore, according to invention of Claim 4 of this invention,
(1) The solid matter clogged in the dehydration slit 10 is cut out by the cutter 19 of the cutter device 17 to prevent the dehydration slit 10 from being clogged, and water drainage from the dehydration slit 10 is improved.
(2) In the process of transporting the material to be dehydrated by the dewatering screw conveyor 6, the cutter 19 is made to enter between the adjacent screw blades 12 and 12 through the dewatering slit 10, and the cutter 19 is rotated at the same speed as the screw blade 12. Crossing the material to be dehydrated during transportation and extracting the moisture inside the material to be dehydrated from the cut surface.
(3) Formed by making it easy to extract moisture inside the material to be dehydrated and surrounded by the inner wall of the casing 7 of the dewatering screw conveyor 6, the outer periphery of the screw rotating shaft 11, and the adjacent screw blades 12 and 12. Pressurizing the material to be dehydrated in the compressed chamber, and squeezing out the moisture inside the material to be dehydrated,
(4) At the final stage of the process of transporting the dehydrated material, the dehydrated material is positively pressurized between the last screw blade 12 and the squeezing device 28 to squeeze the residual moisture of the dehydrated material. ,
Together, these four functions have the effect of taking out the water content of the material to be dehydrated more strongly and greatly reducing the amount of the material to be dehydrated.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a part thereof, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views taken along lines AA and BB in FIG. 1, respectively. is there. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment in which a part of the arrangement position in Embodiment 1 is changed.

  The screw dehydrator 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 includes a dewatering screw conveyor 6 supported by the frame 2 in parallel with each other, and a cutter device 17.

  The frame 2 has a bottom plate frame 3 and bearing frames 4 and 5 fixed on the bottom plate frame 3 at a predetermined interval.

  The dehydrating screw conveyor 6 includes a casing 7, a screw rotating shaft 11, screw blades 12, and a rotation driving device 13 for the screw rotating shaft.

  In the casing 7, a dewatered material inlet 8 is formed on the front side of the dewatered screw conveyor 6 in the dewatered material conveyance direction c, and a dehydrated material discharge port 9 is formed on the rear side of the conveying direction c. ing. A number of dewatering slits 10 are formed between the input port 8 and the discharge port 9 in the casing 7 at a predetermined interval. The dewatering slits 10 are formed in two rows on both sides in a substantially horizontal direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the dewatering screw conveyor 6 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. They are arranged in two rows, almost in a C shape. The casing 7 is fixed between the bearing frames 4 and 5.

  The screw rotating shaft 11 is inserted into the casing 7 and supported by bearing frames 4 and 5 via bearings (not shown).

  The screw blade 12 is provided on the outer periphery of the screw rotating shaft 11. Further, the pitch p of the screw blades 12 is formed to be gradually smaller from the front side to the rear side in the conveyance direction c of the dehydrated material in the dewatering screw conveyor 6.

  Inside the dewatering screw conveyor 6 is formed a compression chamber for dehydrated material surrounded by the inner wall of the casing 7, the outer periphery of the screw rotating shaft 11, and the adjacent screw blades 12, 12. As described above, the compression chamber is formed to have a gradually smaller volume in the transport direction c of the dehydrated product by arranging the pitch p of the screw blades 12 to be gradually smaller in the transport direction c of the dehydrated product.

  The screw drive shaft rotation drive device 13 includes a mounting base 14 fixed to the frame 2 and a rotation drive source 15 attached thereto. The rotational drive source 15 incorporates a speed reduction mechanism (not shown). The screw rotation shaft 11 is connected to the output shaft of the rotation drive source 15 via a shaft coupling 16.

  In this embodiment, the cutter device 17 is installed in parallel to the dewatering screw conveyor 6 at a position corresponding to two rows of dewatering slits 10 formed in the casing 7 of the dewatering screw conveyor 6.

  Each cutter device 17 includes a cutter rotating shaft 18, a cutter 19, and a rotation driving means 20 for the cutter rotating shaft.

  The cutter rotating shaft 18 is arranged in a substantially horizontal plane perpendicular to the screw rotating shaft 11 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 corresponding to the row of the dehydrating slits 10, and downward in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. It is arranged at an inclined position. Each cutter rotating shaft 18 is supported by the bearing frames 4 and 5 via bearings (not shown).

  A large number of the cutters 19 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cutter rotating shaft 18 at the same interval as the dewatering slit 10 in the axial direction of the cutter rotating shaft 18 and at a predetermined interval around the cutter rotating shaft 18. It has been. Further, the cutter 19 is provided so as to be able to enter between the adjacent screw blades 12 and 12 through the dehydration slit 10 as the cutter rotating shaft 18 is rotationally driven.

  The rotation driving means 20 for the cutter rotating shaft is attached to the main driving gear 21 attached to the front end portion of the screw rotating shaft 11 and the front driving end portion of the cutter rotating shaft 18 and meshed with the main driving gear 21. And a driven gear 22. The main driving gear 21 and the driven gear 22 are formed with the same number of teeth. As a result, as the screw rotating shaft 11 is rotationally driven in the direction indicated by the arrow a in FIGS. 1 and 2 by the rotation driving device 13 for the screw rotating shaft, the cutter rotating shaft 18 is moved to the arrow in FIG. 1 and FIG. As indicated by b, the screw rotates in the opposite direction to the screw rotating shaft 11 at the same rotational speed.

  A cover 23 is attached to the outside of the cutter row of the cutter device 17. Further, another cover 24 is mounted on the outside of the gear train constituting the rotation driving means 20 for the cutter rotating shaft.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a belt conveyor 25 for carrying out the dehydrated product is installed below the dehydrated product discharge port 9.

  A dewatering reservoir 26 is installed below the dewatering screw conveyor 6. A drain pipe 27 is attached to the reservoir 26.

  In order to dehydrate a material to be dehydrated having a high water content such as organic sludge and garbage with the screw dehydrator 1 configured as described above, the rotational drive source 15 of the rotational drive device 13 for the screw rotation shaft is driven, The screw rotating shaft 11 of the dewatering screw conveyor 6 is rotated in the direction of arrow a, and the cutter rotating shaft 18 is rotated at the same rotational speed in the direction of arrow b opposite to the arrow a through the rotation driving means 20 for the cutter rotating shaft. Let

  Then, when the material to be dehydrated is introduced into the inlet 8 provided in the casing 7 of the dewatering screw conveyor 6, the material to be dewatered is conveyed by the screw blade 12 in the direction indicated by the arrow c in FIG. The outer periphery of the screw rotating shaft 11 and the compression chambers surrounded by the adjacent screw blades 12 and 12 are successively fed into the compression chambers, pressurized in each compression chamber, and the water contained in the dehydrated material is squeezed out. Is separated into solids and moisture.

  As described above, in the process in which the material to be dehydrated is transported through the dewatering screw conveyor 6, the cutter 19 of the cutter device 17 passes through the dewatering slit 10 and cuts off the solid matter clogged in the dewatering slit 10. Prevent clogging and improve drainage.

  Further, the cutter 19 passes between the adjacent screw blades 12 and 12 through the dewatering slit 10 and rotates in the opposite direction of the screw blades 12 to instantaneously remove the material to be dewatered being conveyed by the dewatering screw conveyor 6. Cross and make it easy to extract the moisture inside the dehydrated material through the cut surface.

  As described above, since the dehydrated material being conveyed is traversed between the adjacent screw blades 12 and 12, the dehydrated material is immediately pressurized in the compression chamber including the screw blades 12 and 12, so the moisture content Even a highly dehydrated product can be dehydrated continuously and efficiently.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the row of the dewatering slits 10 is provided so as to be inclined below the horizontal plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the dewatering screw conveyor 6, so that it is compared with the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. Thus, the water separated from the material to be dehydrated can be easily discharged.

  The water separated from the material to be dehydrated and flowing out through the dehydration slit 10 is collected in a dewatering reservoir 26, sent to a water purification facility through a drain pipe 27, and subjected to purification treatment or the like.

  On the other hand, the dehydrated solid content is taken out on the belt conveyor 25 for the dehydrated product through the dehydrated discharge port 9 and sent to a processing place or the like.

  By the way, in the first embodiment, the cutter rotating shaft 18 and the screw rotating shaft 11 rotate in the same direction as long as the cutter 19 and the screw blade 12 are rotated at the same speed by ensuring an arrangement in which the cutter 19 and the screw blade 12 do not contact each other. However, reverse rotation is also acceptable. In order to set the cutter rotating shaft 18 and the screw rotating shaft 11 in the same direction and at the same rotational speed, one idle gear of the same diameter is provided between the main driving gears and the driven gears 21 and 22; It can be easily realized simply by interposing.

  Further, the cutter rotary shafts 18 and 18 may be provided with a rotary drive means independent of the screw rotary shaft rotary drive device 13. In this case, vector synchronous control may be used for rotation synchronization control between the cutter rotation shafts 18 and 18 and the screw rotation shaft 11.

  When the cutter 19 and the screw blade 12 rotate in the reverse direction as in the first embodiment shown in the drawing, the moving direction of the material to be dehydrated and the cutting rotation direction of the cutter 19 are the same direction. On the other hand, when the cutter 19 and the screw blade 12 are rotated in the same direction, the moving direction of the material to be dehydrated and the cutting rotation direction of the cutter 19 are relatively opposite to each other. Yes.

  FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention and is a plan view partially crossing.

  In the screw dehydrator 1 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a dewatering material squeezing device 28 is installed in the vicinity of the dewatered material discharge port 9 provided in the casing 7 of the dewatering screw conveyor 6.

  The diaphragm device 28 includes a diaphragm plate 29 and a diaphragm jack 30.

  The diaphragm plate 29 is arranged to face the screw blade 12 at the rearmost part of the dewatering screw conveyor 6.

  A plurality of the squeezing jacks 30 are attached to the rear bearing frame 5 in the illustrated embodiment, and the squeezing plates 29 are advanced and retracted in the axial direction of the dewatering screw conveyor 6.

  In the squeezing device 28 of this embodiment, the squeezing plate 29 is protruded and set in the direction of the screw blade 12 at the end of the dewatering screw conveyor 6 by the squeezing jack 30 during the dehydrating process of the material to be dehydrated.

  As a result, at the final stage of the process of transporting the material to be dehydrated, it is possible to positively pressurize the material to be dehydrated between the last screw blade 12 and the squeezing plate 29 to squeeze the residual moisture of the material to be dehydrated. As a result, the water content of the dehydrated material can be taken out more strongly, and the amount of dehydrated material can be greatly reduced.

  Other configurations and operations of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  Next, FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view of a part thereof.

  In the screw dehydrator 1 of Example 3 shown in FIG. 6, a screw rotating shaft 11 ′ whose diameter is gradually increased in the conveying direction c of the dehydrated material is inserted into the casing 7 of the dewatering screw conveyor 6. Yes.

  Thus, the volume of the compression chamber for the material to be dewatered formed by being surrounded by the inner wall of the casing 7 of the dewatering screw conveyor 6, the outer periphery of the screw rotating shaft 11 ′, and the adjacent screw blades 12, 12 can be simplified. It is possible to rapidly narrow the object to be conveyed in the conveyance direction c. As a result, as the material to be dehydrated is fed in the conveying direction c, the pressure is gradually and strongly applied, and the water contained in the material to be dewatered can be squeezed out more efficiently, dehydrated, consolidated and reduced.

  Other configurations and operations of the third embodiment are the same as those of the first and second embodiments.

[Other Examples]
The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment in which two cutter devices 17 are installed on both sides of the dewatering screw conveyor 6 in total, and a single row of dewatering slits 10 is provided on the lower side of the casing 7 of the dewatering screw conveyor 6. If only one is provided, one cutter device 17 may be installed corresponding to this, or three or more cutter devices 17 may be installed in accordance with the number of arrangement of the dewatering slits 10.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the top view which shows Example 1 of this invention and crossed a part. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the Example which changed the arrangement position of the cutter apparatus in Example 1 of this invention. Example 2 of the present invention is shown, and is a plan view partially crossed. Example 3 of the present invention is shown and is a plan view partially crossed.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Screw dehydrator 2 Frame 6 Dehydration screw conveyor 7 Casing 8 Dehydrated material inlet 9 Dehydrated material discharge port 10 Dehydration slit 11 Screw rotation shaft 12 Screw blade 13 Rotation drive device for screw rotation shaft 17 Cutter device 18 Cutter rotation Shaft 19 Cutter 20 Rotation drive means for cutter rotating shaft 28 Drawing device for dehydrated material 29 Drawing plate 30 Drawing jack 11 'Screw rotating shaft

Claims (4)

The casing (7) is provided with an inlet (8) for dehydrated material and an outlet (9) for dehydrated material, and a large number of between the inlet (8) and the outlet (9) in the casing (7). The dewatering slits (10) are arranged, the screw rotation shaft (11) is inserted into the casing (7), and the pitch is gradually decreased in the screw rotation shaft (11) in the conveying direction of the material to be dewatered. (12) is provided, and a dewatering screw conveyor (6) formed by connecting the screw rotation shaft (11) to the rotation driving device (13) is installed,
A cutter rotating shaft (18) is supported at a position corresponding to the row of the dewatering slits (10) in parallel with the dewatering screw conveyor (6), and the dewatering is performed on the cutter rotating shaft (18) in the axial direction thereof. The same interval as the arrangement interval of the slits (10), a required interval around the axis, and a large number capable of entering between adjacent screw blades (12), (12) through the dewatering slit (10) A cutter device (17) for rotating the cutter rotating shaft (18) at the same speed as the screw rotating shaft (11) was installed.
Screw dehydrator characterized by that. The casing (7) is provided with an inlet (8) for dehydrated material and an outlet (9) for dehydrated material, and a large number of between the inlet (8) and the outlet (9) in the casing (7). The dewatering slits (10) are arranged, the screw rotation shaft (11) is inserted into the casing (7), and the pitch is gradually decreased in the screw rotation shaft (11) in the conveying direction of the material to be dewatered. (12) is provided, and a dewatering screw conveyor (6) formed by connecting the screw rotation shaft (11) to the rotation driving device (13) is installed,
A cutter rotating shaft (18) is supported at a position corresponding to the row of the dewatering slits (10) in parallel with the dewatering screw conveyor (6), and the dewatering is performed on the cutter rotating shaft (18) in the axial direction thereof. The same interval as the arrangement interval of the slits (10), a required interval around the axis, and a large number capable of entering between adjacent screw blades (12), (12) through the dewatering slit (10) A cutter device (17) is provided in which the cutter rotating shaft (18) is connected to a rotation driving means (20) for rotating the cutter rotating shaft (18) in a direction opposite to the screw rotating shaft (11).
Screw dehydrator characterized by that. The casing (7) is provided with an inlet (8) for dehydrated material and an outlet (9) for dehydrated material, and a large number of between the inlet (8) and the outlet (9) in the casing (7). The dehydration slit (10) is arranged, and a screw rotation shaft (11 ′) whose diameter is gradually increased in the conveying direction of the dehydrated article is inserted into the casing (7), and this screw rotation shaft (11 ′) is inserted into the screw rotation shaft (11 ′). A screw blade (12) is provided by gradually reducing the pitch in the conveying direction of the material to be dehydrated, and a dewatering screw conveyor (6) is formed by connecting the screw rotating shaft (11) to a rotation driving device (13).
A cutter rotating shaft (18) is supported at a position corresponding to the row of the dewatering slits (10) in parallel with the dewatering screw conveyor (6), and the dewatering is performed on the cutter rotating shaft (18) in the axial direction thereof. The same interval as the arrangement interval of the slits (10), a required interval around the axis, and a large number capable of entering between adjacent screw blades (12), (12) through the dewatering slit (10) A cutter device (17) for rotating the cutter rotating shaft (18) at the same speed was installed.
Screw dehydrator characterized by that.   The screw dehydrator according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein a dewatering device squeezing device (28) is installed in the vicinity of the dewatered product outlet (9) of the dewatering screw conveyor (6).

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