JP2007136311A - Solid-liquid separator - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To provide a plurality of fixed plates, a movable plate disposed between adjacent fixed plates, and a liquid removal screw extending through the fixed plate and the movable plate, while conveying sludge by rotation of the liquid removal screw. In the solid-liquid separator that causes the sludge to flow down from the gap between the fixed plate and the movable plate, wear of the movable plate is prevented and the running cost of the solid-liquid separator is reduced.
A member to be pressurized 39 is detachably attached to a movable plate 12, a driving screw 41 is inserted into the member to be pressurized 39, and the member to be pressurized 39 is pressurized by the rotation of the driving screw 41 to be movable. The plate 12 is reciprocated.
[Selection] Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a solid-liquid separation device that separates a liquid from a processing object including the liquid.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a solid-liquid separation device that separates a liquid from a processing object including the liquid is well known. Examples of processing objects to be processed by such a solid-liquid separator include, for example, waste tofu, food processing wastewater, sewage-treated products, organic sludge such as wastewater discharged from pig farms, cutting oil containing cutting waste, plating Examples include inorganic sludge such as waste liquid, ink waste liquid, pigment waste liquid, and paint waste liquid, or vegetable waste, fruit peel, bran, food residue, and the like.

  As the above-described solid-liquid separation device, a solid-liquid separation device having a plurality of movable plates and a liquid removal screw extending through these movable plates is known (see Patent Documents 1 to 3). In this type of solid-liquid separation device, liquid is removed while the object to be treated is conveyed by rotation of the liquid removal screw, and the movable plate is operated by rotation of the liquid removal screw, so that the solid content is clogged in the filtrate discharge gap. To prevent that.

  However, in this type of solid-liquid separator, the movable plate is operated by being pressurized by the rotating liquid removal screw, so that the inner peripheral surface of the movable plate is worn over time. For this reason, it is necessary to replace the movable plate with advanced wear with a new movable plate. However, since the movable plate is a considerably expensive member, the running cost of the solid-liquid separation device accompanying the replacement of the member increases. I can't escape my shortcomings.

JP-A-5-228695 Japanese Patent No. 3565841 Japanese Patent No. 3638597

  An object of the present invention is to provide a solid-liquid separation apparatus that can reduce running costs as compared with the conventional art.

  To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plurality of movable plates, at least one drainage screw that extends through the movable plates without contacting the movable plates, and is attachable to and detachable from each movable plate. Each of the pressurized members is pressed by a rotating driving screw and attached to each of the pressurized members. The present invention proposes a solid-liquid separator characterized by being configured to reciprocate together with the movable plate.

  The solid-liquid separator according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of fixed plates arranged in a state not contacting the liquid removal screw, wherein at least one movable plate is arranged between adjacent fixed plates. It is advantageous that the drainage screw extends through the movable plate and the fixed plate (Claim 2).

  Furthermore, in the solid-liquid separator according to claim 1 or 2, the first drive screw for reciprocating a plurality of upstream movable plates located upstream in the processing object conveyance direction, and the upstream movable plate And a second drive screw for reciprocating a plurality of downstream movable plates located downstream in the processing object conveyance direction, wherein the plurality of upstream movable plates are faster than the plurality of downstream movable plates. It is advantageous if the first and second drive screws are rotationally driven so as to reciprocate (Claim 3).

  Further, in the solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the thickness of the member to be pressed is set so that the member to be pressed attached to the movable plate does not leave between adjacent movable plates. However, it is formed thicker than the size of the gap between adjacent movable plates, and each pressed member positioned on each end in the axial direction of the drive screw is held by the holding means so that it does not come out of the movable plate. It is advantageous if this is done (claim 4).

  Furthermore, in the solid-liquid separation device according to claim 2 or 3, the member to be pressurized attached to the movable plate is located between the adjacent fixed plates, and between the movable plate and the fixed plate located adjacent thereto. It is advantageous if the thickness of the member to be pressed is set to be thicker than the size of the gap.

  According to the present invention, each movable plate is not operated by a dewatering screw, but is operated by rotation of a drive screw that extends through a member to be pressed that is detachably attached to each movable plate. Since it is not in contact with the liquid removal screw, the wear of the movable plate can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional case, or the wear of the movable plate can be substantially prevented. When wear of the member to be pressed progresses, it is necessary to replace it with a new member to be pressed. However, the member to be pressed is a member having a smaller size and a lower cost than the movable plate. The running cost of the liquid separation device can be reliably reduced.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view of the solid-liquid separator of this example, and FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the solid-liquid separator. With the solid-liquid separator shown in these figures, it is possible to solid-liquid separate any of the processing objects exemplified above or other processing objects, but here, sludge containing a large amount of water is used. A case where dehydration is performed will be described.

  The solid-liquid separation device of this example includes a gear box 1 that accommodates gears 52 and 53, which will be described later, and an outlet member 2, and a plurality of fixed plates 13 and movable plates are interposed between these members 1 and 2. 12 is arranged. The upper portions of the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13 are covered with a detachable cover 5, which is detachably fixed to the gear box 1 and the outlet member 2 by bolts 85 and nuts. Yes. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the solid-liquid separator with the cover 5 removed. In addition, the cover portion in the vicinity of the gear box 1 is formed with a loading port 4 for loading a processing object.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the outlet member 2 has a shape in which a horizontal cross section is formed in a substantially rectangular shape and an upper part and a lower part are opened. An opening 37 is formed in the side wall 16 of the outlet member 2 facing the fixed plate 13 and the movable plate 12, and a notch 38 is formed in the side wall 17 positioned opposite thereto. A bearing plate 28 is disposed in a notch 38 formed in the side wall 17, and the bearing plate 28 is detachably fixed to the outlet member 2 by a bolt 3 and a nut screwed thereto. By loosening the bolt 3, the bearing plate 28 can be separated from the outlet member 2. The lower opening of the outlet member 2 constitutes a discharge port 36 through which the dewatered sludge is discharged.

  4 shows an arrangement state of a plurality of fixed plates 13 and a plurality of movable plates 12, and FIG. 5 shows two adjacent fixed plates 13 and one movable plate 12 arranged between these fixed plates 13. It is a perspective view. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 2, in which some elements are simplified. As can be seen from these drawings, each movable plate 12 is arranged between adjacent fixed plates 13, and each movable plate 12 and each fixed plate 13 are formed with recesses 14 and 15 having an open top. Has been. Further, a plurality of ring-shaped spacers 30 are arranged between the adjacent fixing plates 13, and stay bolts 18, 33 are attached to attachment holes 32 and 33 formed in each fixing plate 13 and a center hole of each spacer 30. 19 is inserted. In the illustrated example, two stay bolts 18 that pass through two mounting holes 32 formed below the recess 15 of each fixing plate 13 and two mounting holes 33 formed on each side of the recess 15 are provided. A total of four stay bolts 19 penetrating therethrough is used. FIG. 5 shows only one of the stay bolts 19 and one spacer 30 into which the stay bolt 19 is fitted. In this way, the spacer 30 forms a gap between the adjacent fixed plates 13, and the movable plate 12 is disposed here.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the stay bolts 18 and 19 pass through one side wall 50 of the gear box 1 and one side wall 16 of the outlet member 2, and end portions of the respective stay bolts 18 and 19. The nuts 20 and 20A are respectively screwed and tightened to the male screws formed in the above. Thus, the fixing plates 13 are arranged in the axial direction with a predetermined gap therebetween by the spacers 30 and are integrally fixed to each other by the stay bolts 18 and 19 and the nuts 20 and 20A. 1 and the outlet member 2 are fixed. It is also possible to assemble the fixing plates arranged so as to be spaced from each other by spacers so that they can be slightly moved.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the thickness T of each movable plate 12 is set to be smaller than the gap width G between each fixed plate 13, and the end surface of each fixed plate 13 and the end surface of the movable plate 12 facing this end surface. In between, a filtrate discharge gap g of, for example, about 0.1 to 1 mm is formed. As will be described later, the filtrate discharge gap g allows the liquid separated from the sludge, that is, the filtrate to pass therethrough. The thickness T of the movable plate 12 and the thickness t of the fixed plate 13 are set to about 1 to 3 mm, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 6, each movable plate 12 is placed on a spacer 30 fitted to two lower stay bolts 18. Accordingly, each movable plate 12 is prevented from falling downward, and each movable plate 12 can move in a direction parallel to the end face of the fixed plate 13 in a gap between the adjacent fixed plates 13.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and 6, the solid-liquid separator has two draining screws 21 and 22, and each of the draining screws 21 and 22 includes shaft portions 23 and 24. , Each of the shaft portions 23 and 24 has spiral blade portions 25 and 26 formed integrally. Each drainage screw 21, 22 extends through a recess 15 formed in the fixed plate 13, a recess 14 formed in the movable plate 12, and an opening 37 formed in the side wall 16 of the outlet member 2. . The drainage screws 21 and 22 do not contact the movable plate 12, the fixed plate 13, and the side wall 16. In FIG. 6, the drainage screws 21 and 22 are shown by simplified two-dot chain lines (the same applies to FIGS. 7, 8, 18, 19, and 20).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, bearing cups 47, 48 in which bearings 45, 46 are accommodated in the bearing plate 28 disposed facing the notch 38 formed in the side wall 17 of the outlet member 2. Are fixed, and one end portions of the shaft portions 23 and 24 of the drainage screws 21 and 22 are inserted into the bearing cups 47 and 48 through the notches 38 formed in the outlet member 2, respectively. The bearing cups 47 and 48 are rotatably supported via the bearings 45 and 46, respectively. Further, a gear shaft 54 to which a gear 52 is fixed is supported on each side wall 50, 51 of the gear box 1 through a bearing so as to be freely rotatable. A motor 55 with a speed reducer is fixedly supported on the side wall 51, and an output shaft 56 extends through both side walls 50 and 51. The aforementioned gear 53 is also fixed to the output shaft 56, and the gear 53 and the gear 52 are meshed with each other inside the gear box 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 9, one end of the gear shaft 54 and one end of the output shaft 56 are formed hollow inside and engaged with the central portion of the hollow portion 57. The piece 58 is fixedly arranged. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, an engagement groove 59 is formed at the other end of each of the shaft portions 23 and 24 of the drainage screws 21 and 22, and each end of each of the shaft portions 23 and 24 is As shown in FIG. 3, engagement grooves 59 formed in the shaft portions 23 and 24 are inserted in the hollow portions 57 of the gear shaft 54 and the output shaft 56, and the gear shaft 54 and the output shaft 56 are provided. The mating pieces 58 are detachably engaged with each other.

  When the motor 55 is actuated to rotate the output shaft 56, the rotation is transmitted to the gear shaft 54 via the gears 53 and 52, and the rotation of the output shaft 56 and the gear shaft 54 is an engagement piece engaged with each other. 58 and the engagement groove 59 are transmitted to the drainage screws 21 and 22, respectively. As indicated by arrows in FIG. 6, the drainage screws 21 and 22 respectively have their central axes X1 and X2 (FIG. 3). ).

  As described above, in the solid-liquid separation device of the present example, each of the dewatering screws 21, 21 by the motor 55, its output shaft 56, the gear shaft 54, and the gears 53, 52 fixed to each shaft. Driving means for rotationally driving 22 is configured. Needless to say, other appropriate types of driving means may be employed. For example, each of the liquid removal screws 21 and 22 may be rotationally driven by a separate motor. In this case, the driving means includes two motors.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the two liquid removal screws 21 and 22 of the solid-liquid separation device of the present example are arranged in a state where the blade portions 25 and 26 partially overlap each other without being in contact with each other. Has been. That is, when both the drainage screws 21 and 22 are viewed in the direction of the central axes X1 and X2, the blade portions 25 and 26 are partially overlapped. On the other hand, both the drainage screws 21 and 22 can be arranged in a state where they do not overlap each other.

  In the illustrated example, both the drainage screws 21 and 22 are juxtaposed in parallel with each other as shown in FIG. 3, but the central axes X1 and X2 of these drainage screws 21 and 22 are from 0 °. Alternatively, both drainage screws 21 and 22 may be juxtaposed in a state having a large angle. Furthermore, in the solid-liquid separation device of the present example, the pitch of the blade portions 25 and 26 of the liquid removal screws 21 and 22 gradually decreases from the inlet member 1 side to the outlet member 2 side. The pitch can be set equally over the entire length of each drainage screw.

  As shown in FIG. 2, one side wall 50 of the gear box 1 extends downward, and a flange portion 60 projecting horizontally from the lower end thereof is detachably fixed to a stay 61 of a frame that supports the solid-liquid separator. Has been. Similarly, a flange 62 projecting from one side wall 16 of the outlet member 2 is also detachably fixed to a stay 63 of the underframe. As described above, the plurality of flange portions 60 and 62 are fixed to the stays 61 and 63 of the underframe, whereby the entire solid-liquid separator is supported by the underframe.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3, 5, and 6, each movable plate 12 has an arm portion 34. 10 shows the arm portion 34 of one movable plate 12, and FIG. 11 is a view seen in the direction of arrow XI in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 10, and 11, the member to be pressed 39 is detachable from the attachment hole 35 formed at the tip of the arm portion 34, but the movable plate 12 is not attached. It is fitted so that it does not rotate. Long holes 40 are formed through these pressed members 39, and drive screws 41 are fitted into the long holes 40. The drive screw 41 also has a shaft portion 42 and a spiral blade portion 43 formed integrally with the shaft portion 42, and the drive screw 41 extends through the long hole 40. At that time, as shown in FIG. 11, the length W of the short axis of the long hole 40 formed in each pressed member 39 is set to be smaller than the diameter H of the blade portion 43 of the drive screw 41. The length L of the major axis is set to be larger than the diameter H of the blade portion 43. In FIG. 4, the pressurized member 39 fitted to each movable plate 12 is not shown.

  As described above, the solid-liquid separation device of this example includes a pressurized member that is detachably attached to each movable plate, and a drive screw that extends through the pressurized member.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the drive screw 41 extends through an opening 37 (FIG. 2) formed in the side wall 16 of the outlet member 2, and one end thereof is formed in the outlet member 2. The bearing cup 69 is inserted into a bearing cup 69 fixed to the bearing plate 28 through the notch 38, and is rotatably supported by the bearing cup 69 via a bearing 70 accommodated in the bearing cup 69.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, a drive shaft 44 is rotatably supported on the side walls 50 and 51 of the gear box 1 via bearings, and the sprocket 64 fixed to the drive shaft 44 and the above-described gears. An endless chain 71 is wound around a sprocket 65 fixed to the shaft 54. Also, as shown in FIG. 12, the drive shaft 44 is also hollow inside, and an engagement piece 66 is fixed in the hollow portion. The drive screw 41 is disposed concentrically on the drive shaft 44, the other end of the drive screw 41 is inserted into the hollow portion of the drive shaft 44, and an engagement groove 67 formed at the end of the drive screw 41 is formed. The engagement piece 66 fixed to the drive shaft 44 is detachably engaged. The drive shaft 44 and the drive screw 41 extend substantially parallel to the liquid removal screws 21 and 22.

  When the motor 55 is operated, the rotation is transmitted to the gear shaft 54 via the gears 53 and 52 as described above, and the rotation of the gear shaft 54 is transmitted to the drive shaft 44 via the sprockets 65 and 64 and the chain 71. The rotation of the drive shaft 44 is transmitted to the drive screw 41, and the drive screw 41 rotates about its central axis.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the mounting hole 35 formed in the movable plate 12 of this example is formed in a rectangular shape, and a member to be pressed 39 fitted in the mounting hole 35 is also formed in a rectangular shape, and thereby the covered member 35 is covered. The pressing member 39 is prevented from rotating with respect to the movable plate 12. Each pressed member 39 is press-fitted into the mounting hole 35 formed in the movable plate 12, and the pressed member is caused by the frictional force between the outer peripheral surface of the pressed member 39 and the inner peripheral surface of the mounting hole 35. 39 is held without being detached from the mounting hole 35.

  Next, another structure of the solid-liquid separator will be clarified while explaining the operation of the solid-liquid separator.

  As shown by an arrow A in FIG. 2, a space in which sludge (not shown) containing a large amount of moisture is partitioned from the inlet 4 by the recessed portions 15 and 14 of the fixed plate 13 and the movable plate 12 and the cover 5. Flows into S. The moisture content of the sludge before treatment is, for example, about 99% by weight. The sludge is mixed with a flocculant in advance, and the sludge is flocked. Some processing objects do not contain a flocculant.

  At this time, the output shaft 56 and the drainage screw 22 are rotationally driven by the operation of the motor 55, and this rotation is transmitted to the gear shaft 54 via the gears 53 and 52, whereby the drainage screw 21 is also rotationally driven. The Thus, as the two screws 21 and 22 rotate around their central axes X1 and X2, the sludge that has flowed into the inlet 4 as shown by the arrow B in FIG. It is conveyed toward the side. The direction in which the blade portions 25 and 26 of the drainage screws 21 and 22 are wound and the direction of rotation of the blades 25 and 26 is that the sludge flowing in from the inlet 4 is rotated from the gearbox 1 side by the rotation of the drainage screws 21 and 22. It is set so as to be conveyed toward the side.

  As described above, when the sludge moves in the space S defined by the movable plates 12 and the recessed portions 14 and 15 of the fixed plate 13 and the cover 5 which are alternately arranged, moisture is separated from the sludge, and the separation is performed. The moisture, that is, the filtrate, is discharged to the outside through the filtrate discharge gap g (FIG. 4) between each fixed plate 13 and the movable plate 12. The filtrate discharged in this manner flows downward as indicated by arrows C1, C2, C3, and C4 in FIG. 2, and is received by a receiving tray 6 fixed to each stay 61 and 63, and an outlet of the receiving tray 6 7 is discharged downward. Since this filtrate still contains some solid content, the filtrate is again water-treated with other sludge and then dehydrated by a solid-liquid separator.

  As described above, the moisture content of the sludge transported in the space S is lowered, and the sludge having a reduced moisture content passes through the opening 37 formed in the outlet member 2 as shown by an arrow D in FIG. It is discharged into the outlet member 2 and falls downward from the discharge port 36. The water content of the sludge after the dehydration treatment is, for example, about 80% by weight. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, back pressure plates 73 and 74 are fixed to the shaft portions 23 and 24 of the drainage screws 21 and 22 so as to face one side wall 16 of the outlet member 2. The pressure applied to the sludge in the space S can be increased.

  On the other hand, the rotation of the gear shaft 54 is transmitted to the drive shaft 44 through the sprocket 65 fixed to the shaft 54, the chain 71, and the sprocket 64 fixed to the drive shaft 44, and the rotation of the drive shaft 44 is transmitted. It is transmitted to the drive screw 41. At this time, as described above with reference to FIG. 11, the short shaft length W of the long hole 40 formed in the pressed member 39 is smaller than the diameter H of the blade portion 43 of the drive screw 41. Thus, the rotation of the drive screw 41 causes the surfaces 75 and 76 parallel to the long axis of the long hole 40 to be alternately pressed by the blade portions 43 of the drive screw. Thereby, the member to be pressurized 39 is determined by the length W of the short axis of the long hole 40 and the diameter of the blade portion 43 of the drive screw 41 together with the movable plate 12 to which the member to be pressurized 39 is attached. Reciprocates with a predetermined stroke. Each pressurized member 39 is pressurized by a rotating drive screw 41 and is configured to reciprocate together with the movable plate 12 to which each pressurized member 39 is attached. Hereinafter, this point will be described more specifically.

  When the blade portion 43 of the drive screw 41 shown in a simplified manner in FIG. 6 is not in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the long hole 40, the pressed member 39 and the movable plate 12 occupy the center position. On the other hand, when the blade 43 starts to press the one surface 75 of the long hole 40 as the drive screw 41 rotates, the member to be pressed 39 and the movable plate 12 move to the right in FIG. Finally, it reaches the rightmost position shown in FIG. When the drive screw 41 further rotates and the blade portion 43 starts to press the other surface 76 of the long hole 40, the pressed member 39 and the movable plate 12 start to move to the left in FIG. It reaches the leftmost position shown in FIG. In this way, the left and right in FIGS. 6 to 8 reciprocate while the movable plate 12 is supported by the two spacers 30 positioned on the lower side by the rotation of the drive screw 41. 7 and 8, the illustration of the cover is omitted.

  On the other hand, since the fixed plate 13 does not move, the movable plate 12 operates relative to the fixed plate 13. For this reason, the solid content that has entered the filtrate discharge gap g (FIG. 4) between the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13 is efficiently discharged from the gap g by the movement of the movable plate 12 relative to the fixed plate 13. The clogging is prevented.

  In addition, since the drive screw 41 does not contact the movable plate 12 as well as the fixed plate 13, the movable plate 12 is not worn or scraped off by contact with the drive screw 41. For this reason, the lifetime of the movable plate 12 becomes extremely long, or it is not necessary to replace the movable plate 12. Since the movable plate 12 is a fairly large-sized member with high cost, if the replacement frequency is increased, the running cost of the solid-liquid separation device increases. According to the solid-liquid separation device of this example, We can prevent trouble.

  However, since the member to be pressurized 39 is pressurized by the drive screw 41, it is inevitable that the member to be pressurized 39 is worn over time, and the member to be pressurized 39 is replaced when the wear progresses. However, since the pressed member 39 is a member that is small in size and low in cost as compared with the movable plate 12, the running cost of the solid-liquid separator is not increased as in the conventional case.

  By the way, in order to increase the dewatering speed of sludge, it is necessary to quickly discharge the solids that have entered the filtrate discharge gap between the fixed plate and the movable plate so that a large amount of filtrate is discharged through the filtrate discharge gap. There is. At that time, since the conventional solid-liquid separation device pushes and moves the movable plate by the rotation of the liquid removal screw, in order to quickly discharge the solid content that has entered the filtrate discharge gap, the rotation speed of the liquid removal screw is increased. There is no choice but to operate the movable plate at high speed. However, when this is done, the speed at which the sludge is transported is increased, so that the dewatering time for the sludge is shortened, and the dewatering efficiency is lowered.

  On the other hand, in the solid-liquid separation device of this example, by changing the gear ratio between the sprocket 65 fixed to the gear shaft 54 and the sprocket 64 fixed to the drive shaft 44, The ratio of the rotational speed and the rotational speed of the drive screw 41 can be changed substantially freely. For this reason, the rotational speed of the drainage screws 21 and 22 is slowed down to allow a sufficiently long time for dewatering the sludge to increase the sludge dewatering efficiency, and the rotational speed of the drive screw 41 is increased to increase the movable plate 12. By operating at a high speed, the solid content entering the filtrate discharge gap g can be quickly discharged, and the dehydration speed can be increased.

  Next, an example of the exchange direction of the pressurized member 39 will be described.

  First, with the operation of the motor 55 stopped, the bolt 85 shown in FIG. 1 is loosened to lift the cover 5 upward, and the cover is removed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the tops of the drainage screws 21 and 22, the movable plate 12, and the fixed plate 13 are opened. Next, the bolt 3 shown in FIG. 3 is loosened and removed, the bearing plate 28 is pulled in the direction of arrow E, and the bearing cups 47, 48, 69 are attached to the shaft portions 23, 24, Detach from one end of 42. Thereby, there is no thing which restrains one edge part side of each screw 21,22,41.

  Next, by pulling the drainage screws 21 and 22 in the direction of arrow F, the other ends of the shaft portions 23 and 24 of the drainage screws 21 and 22 are output to the gear shaft 54 as shown in FIG. It removes from the hollow part 57 of the axis | shaft 56, and each drainage screw 21 and 22 is extracted to the arrow F direction through the opening 37 and the notch 38 which were formed in the side walls 16 and 17 of the outlet member 2. FIG. As described in Japanese Patent No. 3638597, the liquid removal screws 21 and 22 can be lifted upward and removed.

  Similarly, the drive screw 41 is pulled in the direction of arrow I, and the end of the shaft portion 42 of the drive screw 41 is removed from the drive shaft 44 as shown in FIG. 12, and the drive screw 41 is connected to the side wall 16 of the outlet member 2. It is pulled out in the direction of arrow I through the opening 68 formed in the above and the notch 38 formed in the side wall 17.

  As described above, after removing the screws 21, 22, 41, each movable plate 12 is lifted upward and removed together with the member to be pressed 39. In this way, the pressed member 39 frictionally engaged with the mounting holes 35 formed in each movable plate 12 can be easily removed from the mounting holes 35 by manual operation or using an appropriate tool. it can. Next, a new pressed member 39 is pushed into and fitted into the mounting hole 35 by manual operation or using an appropriate tool, and the inner peripheral surface of the mounting hole 35 and the outer peripheral surface of the pressed member 39 are The pressed member 39 is held in the mounting hole 35 by the frictional force. After that, the movable plate 12 and the screws 21, 22, 41 may be assembled and the cover 5 may be attached in the reverse procedure as described above.

  Next, in the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 13, the drive screw is divided into two in the axial direction. That is, the space S in which the processing object is transported is divided into an upstream side and a downstream side in the transport direction, the former is the concentration zone Z1, the latter is the dehydration zone Z2, and the movable plate located in the concentration zone Z1 is upstream. When the movable plate 12A is the downstream movable plate 12B and the movable plate located in the dehydration zone Z2 is the downstream movable plate 12B, the first movable screw 41A and the first drive screw 41A that operate the upstream movable plate 12B and the downstream movable plate 12B separately. Two drive screws 41B are provided. The solid-liquid separator is a first drive screw 41A for reciprocating a plurality of upstream movable plates 12A located on the upstream side in the processing object conveyance direction, and on the downstream side in the processing object conveyance direction from the upstream movable plate 12A. It has the 2nd drive screw 41B which reciprocates the some downstream movable plate 12B located. These drive screws 41A and 41B also have shaft portions 42A and 42B and spiral blade portions 43A and 43B formed integrally with the shaft portions 42A and 42B.

  The end portions of the shaft portions 42A and 42B adjacent to each other are rotatably supported by a common bearing 72. This bearing 72 can be moved in the axial directions J and K of the first and second drive screws 41A and 41B to the base frame of the solid-liquid separator via a bracket (not shown) and to the bracket. It is fixed and detachably supported. When the bearing 72 is in the position shown in FIG. 11, the bearing is fixed with respect to the bracket. However, by moving the bearing 72 in the direction of arrow J, the bearing 72 can be detached from the bracket. It can be done.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10, in the mounting holes 35A and 35B formed in the movable plates 12A and 12B, a pressurized member 39A configured in the same manner as the pressurized member of the solid-liquid separator described above. 39B are detachably fitted, and the first and second drive screws 41A, 41B are fitted in the long holes 40A, 40B formed in the pressed members 39A, 39B, respectively. Also in this case, the pressed members 39A and 39B are prevented from being detached from the mounting holes 35A and 35B by the frictional force between the inner peripheral surfaces of the mounting holes 35A and 35B and the outer peripheral surfaces of the pressed members 39A and 39B. Is done. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the movable plates 12A and 12B are respectively arranged between the adjacent fixed plates 13 and 13A that are spaced apart from each other via the spacer 30, and the first and second drives are arranged. The fact that the screws 41A and 41B are not in contact with the fixed plates 13 and 13A and the movable plates 12A and 12B is not different from the previously described solid-liquid separator, but the bearing 72 of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. The fixing plate 13 </ b> A located opposite to is formed thicker than the other fixing plates 13.

  The end of the first drive screw 41A on the gear box 1 side of the shaft portion 42A is detachably connected to the drive shaft 44 in the same manner as shown in FIG. 12, and the shaft portion of the second drive screw 41B. 42B penetrates the opening 37 formed in the side wall 16 of the outlet member 2, and the end portion of the shaft portion 42B on the outlet member 2 side is rotatably supported by the bearing 70 accommodated in the bearing cup 69. This is the same as the solid-liquid separator shown in FIGS.

  Further, the sprockets 64 and 65 are fixed to the drive shaft 44 and the gear shaft 54, respectively, and the chain 71 is wound around these sprockets 64 and 65, which is no different from the above-described solid-liquid separator. However, in the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 13, the sprockets 77 and 78 are also fixed to the shaft portion 42B of the second drive screw 41B on the outlet member 2 side and the shaft portion 23 of the liquid removal screw 21, respectively. An endless chain 79 is wound around these sprockets 77 and 78. Therefore, the rotation of the motor 55 is transmitted to the first drive screw 41A and the second drive screw 41B via separate chains 71 and 79, respectively. Thereby, like the solid-liquid separator of the embodiment described above, the pressed members 39A and 39B detachably attached to the movable plates 12A and 12B are the first and second drive screws 41A and 41B. The blades 43A and 43B are pressurized and the movable plates 12A and 12B reciprocate with a predetermined stroke. At that time, the first and second drive screws 41A, 41B are rotationally driven so that the plurality of upstream movable plates 12A reciprocate at a higher speed than the plurality of downstream movable plates 12B. For example, the gear ratio between the sprockets 64 and 65 and the gear ratio between the other sprockets 77 and 78 are set so that the upstream movable plate 12A operates at a higher speed than the downstream movable plate 12B.

  In general, the moisture content of the sludge moving through the concentration zone Z1 is very high, and it is necessary to extract a large amount of water from the sludge. In the solid-liquid separator of this example, the upstream movable plate 12A reciprocates at high speed, so that the solid that has entered the filtrate discharge gap between the movable plate 12A and the fixed plate 13 from the sludge moving in the concentration zone Z1. Minutes can be discharged quickly, and a large amount of water can be extracted. On the other hand, the moisture content of the sludge moving through the dewatering zone Z2 has already decreased, and the internal pressure in the dewatering zone Z2 has increased. For this reason, if the downstream movable plate 12B reciprocates at a high speed, a large amount of dewatered sludge enters the filtrate discharge gap between the movable plate 12B and the fixed plate 13. However, in the solid-liquid separator of this example, the downstream movable plate 12B reciprocates at a low speed, so that a problem that a large amount of solid content enters the filtrate discharge gap can be prevented.

  Next, an example of a method for replacing the member to be pressurized of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 13 will be described.

  Also in this case, as in the case of the solid-liquid separator described above, the bearing plate 28 is removed from the outlet member 2 and the liquid removal screws 21 and 22 are extracted in the direction of arrow F. At the same time, the second drive screw 41B is pulled in the direction of arrow I, the end of the second drive screw 41B on the bearing 72 side is removed from the bearing 72, and the second drive screw 41B is pressurized. Extracted from member 39B (FIG. 10). Next, all the downstream movable plates 12 </ b> B are lifted upward, and these movable plates 12 </ b> B are detached from between the fixed plates 13. Subsequently, the bearing 72 shown in FIG. 13 is moved in the direction of arrow J to remove the bearing 72 from the end of the shaft portion 42A of the first drive screw 41A, and the bearing 72 is detached from the bracket to be removed. Lift up. Further, the first drive screw 41A is pulled in the direction of arrow M, the end of the shaft portion 42A on the gear box 1 side is removed from the drive shaft 44, and the first drive screw 41A is connected to the pressurized member 39A (FIG. 10)

  Thereafter, all the upstream movable plates 12 </ b> A are lifted upward, and the movable plates 12 </ b> A are detached from between the fixed plates 13. In this way, the pressed members 39A and 39B frictionally engaged with the mounting holes 35A and 35B (FIG. 10) of the movable plates 12A and 12B extracted from between the fixed plates 13 are removed manually or using a tool. New pressed members 39A and 39B are fitted into the mounting holes 35A and 35B. After that, each element may be assembled in the reverse order of the above-described procedure.

  The other configuration of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 13 is substantially the same as that of the solid-liquid separator described above.

  In the solid-liquid separation apparatus described above, the members to be pressurized 39, 39A, 39B are attached to the mounting holes 35, 35A, 35B formed in the movable plates 12, 12A, 12B simply by friction engagement. However, the following configuration can be adopted instead.

  FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing an arrangement state of the pressed members 39 fitted in the mounting holes 35 of the movable plates 12. In this figure, the illustration of the drive screw is omitted, and with respect to the pressurized member 39 located closest to the gear box 1 and the pressurized member 39 located closest to the outlet member 2, In particular, reference numerals 39X and 39Y are given. The pressed member 39X is pressed by the side wall 50 of the gear box 1 so that the pressed member 39X does not come out of the mounting hole 35 of the movable plate 12 with which the pressed member 39X is fitted. It is pressed by the side wall 16 of the outlet member 2 so as not to escape from the twelve mounting holes 35. In addition, the thickness T1 of each pressed member 39 is set to be larger than the size of the gap N between the adjacent movable plates 12 so that each pressed member 39 does not leave between the adjacent movable plates 12. Has been. Therefore, each pressed member 39 is maintained in a state of being fitted in the mounting hole 35 of each movable plate 12, and each pressed member 39 is prevented from being detached from the mounting hole 35 of the movable plate 12. The The side wall 50 of the gear box 1 and the side wall 16 of the outlet member 2 are each pressed so that the pressed members 39X and 39Y located at the end portions do not come out of the mounting holes 35 of the movable plate 12. An example of the holding means for pressing the members 39X and 39Y is configured.

  As described above, in the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 14, the pressurized member 39 of the pressurized member 39 is attached so that the pressurized member 39 attached to the movable plate 12 does not leave between the adjacent movable plates 12. The pressed members 39X and 39Y, which are formed thicker than the size of the gap N between the adjacent movable plates 12 and are located on the end sides in the axial direction of the drive screw, are movable by the holding means. It is held so as not to come out of the plate 12. With this configuration, it is possible to more reliably prevent the pressed member 39 from being detached from the mounting hole 35 formed in the movable plate 12.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 15, each fixed plate 13 is extended to a position where a member 39 to be pressed fitted in an attachment hole 35 formed in the movable plate 12 is located, and the fixed plate 13 is attached to the movable plate 12. The pressure member 39 is disposed between the adjacent fixed plates 13, and the thickness T1 of the member to be pressed 39 is set to be larger than the size of the gap g1 between the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate located adjacent to the movable plate 12. However, it is possible to prevent the pressed member 39 from being detached from the mounting hole 35 formed in the movable plate 12. Note that the drive screw is not shown in FIG.

  According to the solid-liquid separator shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, even if each pressed member 39 is fitted into the mounting hole 35 of the movable plate 12 with some play without being press-fitted, The pressure member 39 does not fall out of the mounting hole 35. For this reason, the operativity when attaching / detaching the pressed member 39 from the attachment hole 35 as described above can be improved.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 16, the protrusion 80 formed on the member to be pressed 39 is detachably fitted into the groove 81 formed on the movable plate 12, so that the member to be pressed 39 is moved to the movable plate 12. It can also be detachably attached. A slot 40 is also formed in the pressurized member 39, and a drive screw 41 is fitted therein.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 17, a long groove 82 is formed in a member 39 to be pressed detachably attached to the movable plate 12, and a driving screw 41 is fitted into the long groove 82, and the driving screw 41 is rotated. The member to be pressed 39 and the movable plate 12 can be configured to reciprocate.

  It is natural that each configuration shown in FIGS. 14 to 17 can be applied not only to the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 but also to the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG.

  Moreover, although the solid-liquid separation apparatus demonstrated above has the two liquid removal screws 21 and 22, the number of liquid removal screws can be set to an appropriate number including one. FIG. 18 shows a solid-liquid separation apparatus having one liquid removal screw 21, and FIG. 19 shows a solid-liquid separation apparatus having three liquid removal screws 21, 22, 22A. FIG. 20 shows a solid-liquid separation device having four liquid removal screws 21, 22, 22A, and 22B. In any of the solid-liquid separators, the liquid removal screw extending through the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13 does not come into contact with the movable plate 12 and the fixed plate 13, and the member to be pressurized 39 is rotated by the rotation of the drive screw 41. Pressurized, the movable plate 12 reciprocates. The other configuration is not substantially different from the configuration of the solid-liquid separation device described above. As described above, the solid-liquid separation device according to the present invention has a plurality of movable plates and at least one liquid removal screw extending through the movable plates without contacting the movable plates. It is.

  Further, as is known per se, each movable plate and fixed plate are formed in a ring shape (see, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-228695 and Japanese Patent No. 3565841), and at least one dewatering screw is It can also be configured to extend through the central hole of the movable plate and the fixed plate. Also in this case, the drainage screw does not contact the movable plate and the fixed plate. Other configurations are substantially the same as the configurations of the respective embodiments described above.

  In the illustrated example, one movable plate 12 is disposed between the adjacent fixed plates 13, but it is natural that a plurality of movable plates 12 may be disposed between the adjacent fixed plates 13. is there. Similarly, the liquid removal screws 21, 22, 22A and 22B and the drive screws 41, 41A and 41B of the illustrated solid-liquid separation device have one blade extending in a spiral shape, but a plurality of spiral extensions are provided. Of course, a screw having a plurality of blades may be employed.

  Furthermore, the solid-liquid separation apparatus described above has a plurality of fixed plates 13 arranged in a state not in contact with the liquid removal screw, and at least one movable plate is arranged between the adjacent fixed plates 13, The drainage screw is configured to extend through the movable plate and the fixed plate. However, without providing the fixed plate, a large number of movable plates are arranged in a stack, and at least one of the multiple movable plates is arranged. The drainage screw may be penetrated, and the filtrate may be discharged through the gap between the movable plates.

  In addition, as is known per se, a plurality of movable plates are arranged to be inclined so that the processing object input side into the space S is lower than the discharge side of the processing object with a reduced liquid content. It can also be configured such that a greater pressure is applied to the processing object as the processing object inside moves closer to the discharge side.

It is a top view of a solid-liquid separator. FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 1. It is a top view of a solid-liquid separation device in the state where a cover was removed. FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of a fixed plate, a movable plate, and a liquid removal screw of the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 3. It is a perspective view of an adjacent fixed plate and a movable plate arranged between them. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 2, showing some elements in a simplified manner. It is sectional drawing similar to FIG. 6 explaining the movement of a movable plate. It is sectional drawing similar to FIG. 6 explaining the movement of a movable plate. It is a perspective view which shows the connection state of a shaft part of a gear shaft and an output shaft, and a screw. FIG. 14 is an enlarged explanatory view of a movable plate, a member to be pressurized attached to the movable plate, and a drive screw, and is also a diagram used for explaining the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 13. It is the figure seen in the arrow XI direction of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the connection state of a drive screw and a drive shaft. It is a top view similar to FIG. 3 which shows the other example of a solid-liquid separator. It is a figure which shows the other example of a movable plate and the to-be-pressurized member attached to the movable plate. It is a figure which shows the further another example of a movable plate and the to-be-pressurized member attached to the movable plate. It is a figure similar to FIG. 11 which shows the other example of the to-be-pressurized member connected with the movable plate. It is a figure similar to FIG. 11 which shows the other example of the to-be-pressurized member connected with the movable plate. It is sectional drawing similar to FIG. 6 which shows the solid-liquid separation apparatus which has one liquid removal screw. It is sectional drawing similar to FIG. 6 which shows the solid-liquid separation apparatus which has three liquid removal screws. It is sectional drawing similar to FIG. 6 which shows the solid-liquid separation apparatus which has four liquid removal screws.

Explanation of symbols

12, 12A, 12B Movable plate 13, 13A Fixed plate 21, 22, 22A, 22B Liquid removal screw 39, 39A, 39B, 39X, 39Y Pressurized member 41, 41A, 41B Drive screw g1, N Clearance T1 Thickness

Claims (5)

A plurality of movable plates; at least one drainage screw extending through the movable plates without contacting the movable plates; a pressurized member detachably attached to each movable plate; Each pressurizing member is pressed by a rotating drive screw and is reciprocated with a movable plate to which each pressurizing member is attached. A solid-liquid separator characterized by comprising: It has a plurality of fixed plates arranged in a state where it does not contact the liquid removal screw, and at least one movable plate is arranged between adjacent fixed plates, and the liquid removal screw penetrates the movable plate and the fixed plate. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1 extending as a result. A first drive screw that reciprocates a plurality of upstream movable plates positioned upstream in the processing object conveyance direction, and a plurality of downstream movable plates positioned downstream in the processing object conveyance direction from the upstream movable plate The first and second drive screws rotate so that the plurality of upstream movable plates reciprocate at a higher speed than the plurality of downstream movable plates. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1 or 2, which is driven. The pressed member attached to the movable plate is formed thicker than the gap between the adjacent movable plates so that the pressed member attached to the movable plate is not separated from between the adjacent movable plates. The solid-liquid separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each member to be pressed positioned on each end side in the axial direction is held by a holding unit so as not to come out of the movable plate. The member to be pressed attached to the movable plate is positioned between adjacent fixed plates, and the thickness of the member to be pressed is larger than the size of the gap between the movable plate and the fixed plate positioned adjacent to the movable plate. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 2 or 3, which is set.

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