JP4435594B2 - Bentos collection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a bentos collecting device that collects bentos for the purpose of marine product research and environmental conservation.

  For the purpose of surveying fisheries resources in the water area and environmental conservation, the device that collects bentos (the bottom of the water including submarine shellfish and organisms in the vicinity) compresses the bottom mud (precipitate) of the bottom of the sea including bentos. The seabed mud automatic collection device (benthos collection device) for the purpose of marine pollution investigation that collects bentos from the sucked bottom mud by suction using the air bubble pump system is proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

This is because the suction port of the seabed mud aspirator (aspirator) is brought into contact with the seabed (water bottom), and a negative pressure is generated in the seabed mud aspirator using a bubble pump to collect benths It is a device to do.
JP 2000-121513 A

  However, in the seabed mud automatic collection device for the purpose of surveying marine pollution of Patent Document 1, the seabed mud suction device has no part that opens outside other than the suction port. Seawater is aspirated and the negative pressure inside the submarine mud aspirator increases. As a result, the seabed mud automatic collection device may entangle and suck the bottom mud around the outside of the suction port of the seabed mud aspirator. Further, when the bottom mud on the seabed is mainly sand, the pore mud between sand particles in the bottom mud is reduced by being sucked by the seabed mud aspirator, so that the bottom mud may harden.

  Therefore, it may be difficult for the seabed mud automatic collection device to suck the bottom mud. That is, with the apparatus of Patent Document 1, it is difficult to stably collect bentos within a certain area of the seabed.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a bentos collecting device that can effectively and stably collect bentos within a certain area.

In order to achieve the above object, the bentos collecting device of the present invention includes a suction device in which a suction port is in contact with a water bottom and sucks a precipitate containing bentos, and a valve capable of adjusting a flow rate when sucking the precipitate. Digging depth adjusting means for adjusting a digging depth when the aspirator excavates the bottom of the water, a bentos separator for separating the bentos from the sediment sucked by the aspirator, the aspirator, and the A transporter that communicates with the bentos separator and transports the precipitate sucked by the sucker to the bentos separator. The suction device is provided in addition to the suction port, and is provided in an inflow portion that opens from the upper side opposite to the suction port to the outside and allows the surrounding fluid to flow into the suction device. And a valve capable of adjusting the amount of the fluid flowing into the aspirator. The outlet portion in the suction device of the inflow portion opens in a direction substantially parallel to the suction port where the fluid is not directly injected into the suction port, and is directed to a direction toward the axial side of the suction device. The opening is inclined in the circumferential direction of the axis. The bent separator is connected to the transport device and communicates with the suction sand mud pipe having a suction sand mud discharge port communicating with the outside, and a bag network communicating with the suction sand mud discharge port of the suction sand mud pipe And a bent separation net having a structure. According to this configuration, the precipitate containing bents sucked by the suction device is guided to the bents separator through the transporter, and the bents are separated. Therefore, the bentos collecting device is capable of collecting bentos without requiring a diver or a worker who separates bentos from sediments.

  In addition, when the bottom of the water is hard, such as clay, the inflow portion may be inclined and opened toward the bottom of the water as long as the precipitate outside the aspirator is not stirred. Further, when the precipitate is mainly sand or the like, the outlet portion of the inflow portion may be inclined and opened in a direction substantially parallel to the water bottom or a side away from the water bottom. In the present specification, bentos are organisms that inhabit the water bottom including submarine shellfish and the vicinity thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, another bentos collecting apparatus according to the present invention is capable of adjusting a flow rate at the time of sucking the sediment, and a suction device that sucks the sediment containing bentus with the suction port in contact with the bottom of the water. A digging valve, a digging depth adjusting means for adjusting a digging depth when the aspirator excavates the bottom of the water, a vents separator for separating the vents from the sediment sucked by the aspirator, and the aspirator And the vents separator, and a transporter for transporting the precipitate sucked by the suction device to the bentos separator. The suction device is provided in addition to the suction port, and is provided in an inflow portion that opens from the upper side opposite to the suction port to the outside and allows the surrounding fluid to flow into the suction device. And a valve capable of adjusting the amount of the fluid flowing into the aspirator. The outlet portion of the inflow portion in the suction device is inclined to the side away from the suction port, and is inclined and opened in the circumferential direction of the axis with respect to the direction toward the axial side of the suction device. The bent separator is connected to the transporter and communicates with the suction sand mud pipe having a suction sand mud discharge port communicating with the outside, and a bag network communicating with the suction sand mud discharge port of the suction sand mud pipe And a bent separation net having a structure. According to this configuration, the precipitate containing bents sucked by the suction device is guided to the bents separator through the transporter, and the bents are separated. Therefore, the bentos collecting device has a configuration capable of collecting bentos without requiring a diver or an operator who separates the bentos from the sediment.

  In order to maintain the excavation direction of the aspirator to the bottom of the water substantially perpendicular to the bottom of the water, the bents collecting device according to claim 3 further includes the excavation direction of the aspirator to the bottom of the water substantially perpendicular to the bottom of the water. Vertical posture holding means for holding is provided.

  In order to hold | maintain the excavation direction to the bottom of a suction device more effectively with respect to the bottom of a water | bowl, in a bentos collection apparatus of Claim 4, a vertical attitude | position holding means is a perpendicular | vertical attitude | position holding means substantially perpendicular | vertical with respect to a bottom of a water. A suction device storage chamber that is movably stored in a direction, and a support portion that is formed to extend outside the suction device storage chamber and that contacts the water bottom and supports the suction device storage chamber.

In the bentos collection device according to claim 5, a plurality of the outlet portions are provided, and each of the plurality of outlets is inclined in the same direction in the circumferential direction of the axis with respect to the direction toward the axis.

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the fluid that has flowed into the suction device forms a flow from the bottom of the water in the direction of the suction force acting on the suction device by the suction force acting on the suction device. , Only the precipitate in the aspirator is sucked by the flow. Furthermore, since the fluid flows into the aspirator, the pore water between the particles in the precipitate does not decrease, so that the precipitate can be prevented from hardening. That is, the bentos collecting device can collect the bentos within a certain area effectively and stably.

Furthermore, in the suction device, a flow is formed in the direction in which the suction force acts from the water bottom side while rotating. Therefore, benthos collection apparatus can collect the benthos within a certain area more effectively and stably. In addition, bentos can be collected up to a predetermined depth in the bottom of the water. Further, since the bentos collecting device collects bentos without requiring a diver or an operator for separating bentos from sediments, the bentos can be collected in a short time with reduced cost.

  According to the third aspect of the invention, since the posture of the aspirator is prevented from being tilted and the position of the aspirator is not shifted, the precipitate in the aspirator is effectively sucked. Therefore, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 or claim 2, the bentos collecting device can collect bentons within a certain area more effectively and stably.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, the posture of the suction device is more reliably held by the support portion. Therefore, in addition to the effect of the invention according to the third aspect, the bentos collecting device can collect bentos within a certain area more effectively and stably.

[First Embodiment]
A bentos collecting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the bentos collecting apparatus 10. The bentos collection device 10 is a device that collects bentos 12 (the seabed 11 including submarine shells and organisms in the vicinity thereof) that live in the vicinity of the seabed (waterbed) 11 in the sea 5, for example, a survey. It is mounted on the ship 13.

  In the present embodiment, the bentos collecting device 10 is used to collect the bentos 12 in the sea 5, but is not limited to this. For example, the bentos collecting apparatus 10 inhabits the bottom of a river or a lake and the vicinity thereof. It may be used to collect biological and submersible shellfish.

  The bentos collecting device 10 is configured to be in contact with the seabed 11 and suck the sand mud 15 (precipitate) of the seabed 11 including the bentos 12 and the sand mud 15 sucked by the sand mud aspirator 20 to vents. 12, a sand mud suction device 20 that communicates with the sand mud suction device 20, and a sand mud suction device 20 that transports the sand mud 15 including the vents 12 to the vents separator 21. A vertical attitude holder 23 that holds the excavation direction of the seabed 11 substantially perpendicular to the seabed 11 and a suction pump 14 as a driving source of the sand mud suction unit 20.

  The sand mud aspirator 20 has an excavation frame 24 as shown in FIG. The excavation frame 24 has, for example, a substantially cylindrical shape, and includes an excavation frame suction port 25 that contacts the seabed 11 and a connection portion side end 31 in which a transfer pipe connection portion 30 connected to one end of the transporter 22 is formed. Have. The excavation frame suction port 25 opens, for example, in a substantially circular shape. The transport pipe connecting portion 30 has a substantially cylindrical shape extending along the direction in which the excavation frame 24 extends. For example, a female screw portion is formed on the inner side.

  The connection portion side end 31 of the excavation frame 24 is a conical portion 32 that narrows, for example, in a substantially conical shape toward the transport pipe connection portion 30, and the sand mud 15 including the vents 12 sucked by the sand mud suction device 20. Is gently guided to the transporter 22 along the conical portion 32. The cone portion 32 is provided with a plurality of moving rope tie fittings 33. A moving rope 34 for guiding the sand mud aspirator 20 to a predetermined location on the seabed 11 and collecting the sand mud aspirator 20 is fastened to one of the moving rope tie fittings 33. The moving rope 34 is fixed to the survey ship 13, for example. Note that the number of moving ropes 34 is not limited to one, and a plurality of moving ropes 34 may be fastened to the moving rope ties 33.

  The sand mud aspirator 20 has, for example, three inflow water pipes 35 as inflow portions into which surrounding seawater can flow in from the outside to the inside of the excavation frame 24. Note that the number of inflow water pipes 35 is not limited to three, and may be, for example, one or a plurality of such as four. The inflow water pipes 35 extend, for example, from the conical portion 32 to the vicinity of the excavation frame suction port 25 inside the excavation frame 24, in the vicinity of the side wall 40 of the excavation frame 24 and at substantially equal intervals along the circumferential direction. They are spaced apart.

  One end of the inflow water pipe 35 on the conical part 32 side is fixed to the conical part 32 and opens to the outside from the conical part 32, and an inflow water pipe inlet 41 is provided in each end. For example, the inflow water pipe inlet 41 is inclined with respect to the inflow water pipe 35 toward the outer side in the circumferential direction of the sand mud aspirator 20. Each inflow water pipe inlet portion 41 incorporates an inflow water amount adjustment valve 42 for adjusting the flow rate of inflowing seawater.

  The inflowing water amount adjusting valve 42 is supplied to the bottom of the seabed 11 where the sand mud aspirator 20 is installed, for example, including the components and states of the sand mud 15 and the seabed 11 of the sand mud aspirator 20 by a tank experiment or the like. In various conditions such as the depth of excavation, the inflow pressure of seawater flowing into the sand mud aspirator 20 from the inflow water pipe 35 and the suction force in the sand mud aspirator 20 are sand containing the vents 12 outside the excavation frame 24. By obtaining the maximum flow rate within a range in which the mud 15 is not sucked, it is possible to cope with the collection conditions of the sand mud 15 including the bentos 12.

  At one end of the inflow water pipe 35 on the excavation frame suction port 25 side, an inflow water pipe outlet 43 is provided so as not to exceed the excavation frame suction port 25. At this time, the distance from the excavation frame suction port 25 to the inflow water pipe outlet part 43 is the sand mud in which seawater flowing into the sand mud suction unit 20 from the inflow water pipe outlet part 43 includes the vents 12 outside the sand mud suction unit 20. The distance L which does not produce actions such as stirring 15 is maintained. This distance L can also be obtained by a water tank experiment or the like.

  Each inflow water pipe outlet portion 43 opens in a direction substantially parallel to the excavation frame suction port 25 so as to open in a direction substantially parallel to the seabed 11. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, each inflow water pipe outlet portion 43 has each inflow water pipe outlet portion 43 in the excavation frame 24 so that the water flows of the seawater flowing in from each inflow water pipe outlet portion 43 are not canceled each other. For example, the opening is inclined at an angle θ in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the direction toward the center P of the surface to be positioned. The center P is located on the approximate axis of the sand mud suction device 20. In addition, the direction in which the opening of each inflow water pipe outlet part 43 inclines is not limited to a counterclockwise direction, For example, a clockwise direction may be sufficient. Each inflow water pipe outlet portion 43 is assembled with a check valve 44 that prevents the seawater and sand mud 15 in the excavation frame 24 from flowing back into the inflow water pipe 35.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the bentos separator 21 includes a separating unit 45 that separates the bents 12 from the sand mud 15 including the bents 12, and bents separation drainage that returns the sand mud 15 after the bents 12 are separated to the sea 5. And is placed on board 13a. The separation unit 45 includes a suction sand mud pipe 51 connected to the transporter 22, a bents separation net 52 that filters the bentos 12 from the sand mud 15 including the bents 12, and a bents separation frame 53 that supports the bents separation net 52. Have.

  The suction sand mud pipe 51 has, for example, a substantially cylindrical shape with one end closed, and the opening end 51 a is connected to the transporter 22. A suction sand mud discharge port 51 b communicating with the outside is provided on the side wall of the suction sand mud pipe 51.

  The bentos separation net 52 has a bag net structure, and its opening 52a is attached to the periphery of the suction sand mud discharge port 51b by being tightened using, for example, a net fixing band 54. The bent separation frame 53 is formed in a lattice shape so as to surround the periphery and the lower portion of the bent separation net 52 using, for example, a metal pipe material. The suction sand mud pipe 51 is fixed to, for example, the opening surface 53 a of the bentos separation frame 53.

  The bentos separation drainage device 50 is disposed below the bentos separation frame 53, and has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped drainage frame 55 that substantially overlaps the bents separation frame 53. The drainage frame 55 has a box shape with an open upper surface, and a drainage port 61 is formed on the side surface 60. A drain pipe 62 extending to the outside of the ship is connected to the drain port 61.

  A discharge inclined plate 63 is attached inside the drainage frame 55. The discharge inclined plate 63 has a shape inclined from both side surfaces 64 and 65 adjacent to the side surface 60 toward the drain port 61.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the transporter 22 includes a first transport unit 70 that communicates the sand mud suction device 20 and the suction pump 14, and a second transport unit 71 that communicates the suction pump 14 and the bentos separator 21. have. In the bentos collecting device 10, the suction force of the suction pump 14 acts on the sand mud aspirator 20 through the first transport unit 70, and the sand mud 15 and the seawater including the ventus 12 sucked by the sand mud aspirator 20 are first. It is a structure sent to the bentos separator 21 through the 2 conveyance parts 70 and 71. FIG.

  The 1st conveyance part 70 has the 1st base 72 attached to the suction pump 14, for example, and the conveyance pipe 73 connected to the conveyance pipe connection part 30 and the 1st base 72 of the sand mud suction device 20. . The first base 72 has a suction control valve 74 assembled in the vicinity of the suction pump 14. The first transport unit 70 has a structure in which the suction pump 14 and the transport pipe 73 communicate with each other by opening the suction control valve 74. In addition, on the side of the first pipe 72 of the first base 72, an outside air introduction type flow rate adjustment valve 75, a flow meter 80 for measuring the flow rate of sand mud 15 and seawater including the vents 12 in the first transfer unit 70, and Is assembled.

  At the end of the transport pipe 73 on the sand mud suction unit 20 side, a male screw part that can be screwed into the female thread part formed in the transport pipe connection part 30 is formed, and the transport pipe 73 and the sand mud suction unit 20 are screwed. It is joined by joining.

  The second transport unit 71 includes, for example, a second base 81 attached to the suction pump 14, a first intermediate pipe 82 connected to the second base 81 and the open end 51 a of the suction sand mud pipe 51 of the bentos separator 21. have. A backflow valve 83 is assembled to the second base portion 81. The second transport unit 71 has a structure in which the first intermediate pipe 82 and the suction pump 14 communicate with each other by opening the backflow valve 83.

  The first base portion 72 and the second base portion 81 are communicated with each other using a backflow bypass 84. One end of the backflow bypass 84 on the first base 72 side is connected to the transport pipe 73 side with respect to the suction control valve 74, for example. One end on the second base 81 side of the backflow bypass 84 is connected to the suction pump 14 side rather than the backflow valve 83.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the vertical attitude holder 23 includes a sand mud suction device storage chamber 85 that can accommodate the sand mud suction device 20, and a support portion 90 that supports the sand mud suction device storage chamber 85. Yes. The sand mud aspirator storage chamber 85 is a substantially cylindrical shape that surrounds the sand mud aspirator 20 so as to be movable in a direction substantially perpendicular to the seabed 11, and has a pair of inner circular pipes 91 formed in a substantially annular shape, And a plurality of first vertical support pipes 92 passed between the inner circular pipes 91.

  On the other hand, the sand mud aspirator 20 excavates the seabed 11 by sucking sand mud 15 including bentos 12. Therefore, the bentos collection device 10 includes a digging depth adjuster 93 that adjusts the digging depth of the sand mud aspirator 20 into the seabed 11. The excavation depth adjuster 93 includes a plurality of excavation stop fittings 94 fixed to the side wall 40 of the excavation frame 24 by, for example, screwing, a first vertical support pipe 92, and an excavation depth adjustment fitting 95. Is done. The excavation stop fitting 94 includes, for example, a base portion 94a that contacts the side wall 40 of the sand mud suction device 20 and a cylindrical portion 94b that extends substantially perpendicularly from the base portion 94a.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 7, four excavation stop fittings 94 are attached at substantially the same height from the excavation frame suction port 25 and spaced apart at, for example, approximately equal intervals in the circumferential direction. ing. The number of excavation stop fittings 94 is not limited to four. As shown in FIG. 7, the first vertical support pipe 92 is disposed with the cylindrical portion 94b of each excavation stop fitting 94 sandwiched from both sides in a state where the sand mud suction device 20 is accommodated in the sand mud suction device storage chamber 85. Has been. At this time, an excavation depth adjusting window 100 is formed between the pair of first vertical support pipes 92 sandwiching the cylindrical portion 94b so that the cylindrical portion 94b can move with respect to the sand mud suction device storage chamber 85.

  The excavation depth adjusting metal fitting 95 is passed between a pair of first vertical support pipes 92 sandwiching the cylindrical portion 94b, and as shown in FIG. It is sandwiched between the cylindrical portion 94b of the metal fitting 94 and is fixed by welding, for example. Thereby, when the sand mud aspirator 20 excavates the seabed 11 and sinks to the seabed 11 with respect to the sand mud aspirator storage chamber 85, the excavation depth adjuster 93 adjusts the excavation depth 94b. The structure comes into contact with the metal fitting 95. That is, the depth of excavation of the sand mud aspirator 20 to the seabed 11 is the length from the position of the excavation stop fitting 94 to the excavation depth adjustment fitting 95 with the excavation frame 24 in contact with the seabed 11. Therefore, the fixed locations of the excavation stop fitting 94 and the excavation depth adjustment fitting 95 are adjusted based on the desired excavation depth to the seabed 11 of the sand mud aspirator 20.

  Further, between the inner circular pipes 91, for example, one first vertical support pipe 92, for example, is sandwiched between the respective excavation depth adjustment windows 100 and fixed.

  Returning to the structure of the vertical attitude holder 23, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the support portion 90 includes a substantially cylindrical outer cylindrical body 101 that surrounds the sand mud suction device storage chamber 85, and an outer cylindrical body. 101 and the connecting part 102 which connects the sand mud suction device storage chamber 85 is provided.

  The outer cylindrical body 101 is disposed between the outer circular pipes 103 and the outer circular pipes 103, which are arranged substantially concentrically with the inner circular pipes 91 and are substantially concentric with each other and have a larger diameter than the inner circular pipes 91. For example, it has the several 2nd vertical support pipe 104 fixed by welding. For example, ten second vertical support pipes 104 are fixed at regular intervals.

  The connecting portions 102 are provided between the outer circular pipes 103 and the inner circular pipes 91 located on substantially the same plane as the outer circular pipes 103, respectively. One connecting pipe 105 is provided. In the outer circular pipe 103, for example, the first connection pipe 105 is passed from the location where the second vertical support pipe 104 is welded toward the inner circular pipe 91, for example.

  Further, the connecting portion 102 has a plurality of second connecting pipes 110 that connect, for example, substantially intermediate portions of the respective first connecting pipes 105 on the side facing the seabed 11 between adjacent ones, and are fixed by welding, for example. Yes.

  As the suction pump 14, for example, a jet pump having an engine pump 14b inside is employed, and has a priming pipe 14a. The suction pump 14 is placed on the ship 13 a of the research ship 13.

  The bentos collecting device 10 includes an observation device 116 as means for observing the bottom of the sand mud aspirator 20 on the seabed 11 and the suction state of the sand mud 15 including the bentus 12. As shown in FIG. 1, the observation device 116 includes an underwater camera 111 and an underwater camera monitor 112 for viewing an image captured by the underwater camera 111. The underwater camera 111 and the underwater camera monitor 112 are connected using a camera cable 113. The underwater camera 111 is fixed to the outer circular pipe 103, for example. The underwater camera monitor 112 is placed, for example, on the ship 13a.

  Next, the operation of the bentos collecting device 10 will be described. When collecting the sand mud 15 of the seabed 11 including the bentus 12, the bentos collecting device 10 first assembles the sand mud aspirator 20 to the vertical posture holder 23 as shown in FIG. At this time, the excavation stop fitting 94 and the excavation depth adjustment fitting 95 are adjusted and fixed in accordance with a desired excavation depth. As shown in FIG. 1, the sand mud aspirator 20 and the vertical attitude holder 23 can be sucked by the sand mud aspirator 20, for example, using the moving rope 34 while looking at the underwater camera monitor 112. The excavation frame suction port 25 is installed at a desired position on the seabed 11 so as to contact the seabed 11. The sand mud aspirator 20 installed on the seabed 11 is maintained in the vertical posture by the vertical posture holder 23 and is prevented from being displaced from the contact point.

  Next, the suction control valve 74 and the backflow valve 83 are opened, and the suction pump 14 is operated. When the suction pump 14 is operated, as shown in FIG. 8, a negative pressure is generated in the first transport unit 70 by the action of the priming water sucked from the priming water pipe 14 a, and the suction force acts in the sand mud suction device 20. The suction force acts inside the sand mud suction device 20 in the direction from the seabed 11 side toward the transport pipe connecting portion 30.

  Seawater around the outside of the sand mud aspirator 20 flows from the inflow water pipe inlet 41 of the inflow water pipe 35 by the suction force acting on the inside of the sand mud aspirator 20 and from the inflow water pipe outlet 43 to the sand mud aspirator 20. Flows into the inside. At this time, each inflow water pipe outlet portion 43 opens in a direction substantially parallel to the seabed 11 and in a direction inclined by an angle θ with respect to the direction toward the center P. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 8, the seawater flowing into the inside of the sand mud aspirator 20 from each inflow water pipe outlet 43 is rotated by a suction force without causing the water flows to interfere with each other and cancel the seabed 11. A water flow is formed in the direction in which the suction force acts from the side, that is, toward the transport pipe connecting portion 30. In FIG. 8, the vertical posture holder 23 is omitted in order to explain the inside of the sand mud suction device 20.

  Only the sand mud 15 including the vents 12 in the excavation frame 24 is pushed up and sucked by the water flow. That is, only the sand mud 15 including the ventus 12 within a certain area is sucked. Further, when seawater flows in from the inflow water pipe outlet portion 43, pore water between sand particles of the sand mud 15 in the excavation frame 24 is not reduced. Therefore, even when the sand mud 15 is mainly sand, the sand mud 15 is not hardened, and only the sand mud 15 in the excavation frame 24 is sucked.

  The sand mud 15 and seawater containing the bent vents 12 passes through the transport pipe 73, passes through the first base 72, passes through the suction pump 14, passes through the second base 81, and passes through the first intermediate pipe 82, and the vents separator. It is conveyed to 21. The flow rate of the sand mud 15 and the seawater including the bentus 12 flowing in the first transport unit 70 is confirmed by the flow meter 80. In order to adjust the flow rate of the sand mud 15 and the seawater including the bentos 12, the flow rate adjustment valve 75 is adjusted. By adjusting the flow rate adjustment valve 75, outside air flows into the first base portion 72. Thereby, since the suction force which acts on the sand mud suction device 20 is adjusted, the flow rate of the sand mud 15 and the seawater containing the bent vents 12 to be sucked is adjusted.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the sand mud 15 and seawater containing the bentus 12 conveyed to the ventus separator 21 pass through the suction sand mud pipe 51 and enter the bentos separation net 52 from the suction sand mud discharge port 51b. Discharged. The discharged bentos 12 is filtered and separated from the sand mud 15 by the bentos separation net 52.

  The sand mud 15 and seawater after the bentos 12 are separated flow into the bentus separation drainage 50, are guided to the drain outlet 61 along the discharge inclined plate 63, and are returned to the sea 5 through the drain pipe 62. The sand mud aspirator 20 excavates the seabed 11 substantially perpendicularly to the seabed 11 by the vertical attitude holder 23.

  The suction of the sand mud 15 including the vents 12 by the sand mud aspirator 20 is continued until it is confirmed by the underwater camera monitor 112 that the excavation stop fitting 94 is in contact with the excavation depth adjusting fitting 95. When the underwater camera monitor 112 confirms that the excavation stop fitting 94 has come into contact with the excavation depth adjustment fitting 95 as shown in FIG. 9, for example, sand mud containing the vents 12 by closing the suction control valve 74. 15 suction is stopped.

  When collecting the sand mud aspirator 20, the backflow valve 83 is further closed. That is, the suction control valve 74 and the backflow valve 83 are closed. During this time, the suction pump 14 is operating. As shown in FIG. 10, the priming water is led to the first base 72 through the reverse flow bypass 84, and flows out into the sand mud suction device 20 through the transport pipe 73. That is, the suction control valve 74, the backflow valve 83, and the backflow bypass 84 constitute backflow means 117 that backflows the priming water into the sand mud aspirator 20.

  The priming water flowing backward in the first transport unit 70 moves the sand mud 15 remaining in the suction pump 14 and the first transport unit 70 toward the sand mud aspirator 20 when the suction of the sand mud 15 including the vents 12 is finished. Flush away. In addition, due to the outflow pressure of the priming water flowing out from the sand mud aspirator 20, as shown in FIG. 11, the sand mud aspirator 20 sinking to the seabed 11 rises. In addition, since the check valve 44 is attached to the inflow water pipe outlet 43 of the inflow water pipe 35, the priming water that has flowed back into the sand mud suction device 20 flows out of the sand mud suction device 20 through the inflow water pipe 35. There is nothing.

  The operation of the bentos collecting device 10 is performed only by operating the suction pump 14, the suction control valve 74, and the backflow valve 83 by the crew of the survey ship 13 after the sand mud suction device 20 is installed.

  In the bentos collecting device 10 configured as described above, the seawater that has flowed into the sand mud aspirator 20 through the inflow water pipe 35 flows from the seabed 11 side of the sand mud aspirator 20 to the transport pipe connecting part 30 side by the suction force. Form a water flow toward By this water flow, only the sand mud 15 including the vents 12 in the sand mud aspirator 20 is pushed up and sucked. Furthermore, even when the sand mud 15 is mainly sand or the like, the sand mud 15 can be prevented from hardening due to a decrease in the interstitial water between the sand particles. In other words, the bentos collecting device 10 can collect the bentos 12 within a certain area effectively and stably.

  Moreover, each inflow water pipe outlet part 43 is opened at an angle θ with respect to the direction toward the center P, so that the sand mud aspirator 20 rotates from the seabed 11 side to the transport pipe connection part 30 while rotating. A heading water stream is formed. Therefore, the sand mud 15 including the vents 12 in the sand mud aspirator 20 is more effectively pushed up and sucked, so that the bents 12 within a certain area can be collected more effectively and stably. .

  Moreover, the inflow water pipe outlet part 43 opens in a direction substantially parallel to the seabed 11 so that the seawater flowing in from the inflow water pipe outlet part 43 is directly injected into the sand mud 15 in the sand mud suction unit 20. Therefore, the sand mud 15 is not directly dug down. As a result, the sand mud 15 around the sand mud aspirator 20 does not collapse into the sand mud aspirator 20, so that the bentos collecting device 10 can collect the bentos 12 within a certain area effectively and stably. can do.

  Further, the excavation direction of the sand mud suction unit 20 to the seabed 11 is held substantially perpendicular to the seabed 11 by the vertical attitude holder 23. For this reason, the sand mud aspirator 20 can be prevented from tilting and the sand mud aspirator 20 from being displaced. Therefore, the sand mud 15 including the bents 12 in the sand mud aspirator 20 can be sucked effectively. That is, the bentos collecting device 10 can collect the bentos 12 within a certain area more effectively and stably.

  The vertical attitude holder 23 includes a sand mud suction device storage chamber 85 and a support portion 90 that contacts the seabed 11 and supports the sand mud suction device 20. For this reason, the attitude | position with respect to the water bottom of the sand mud suction device 20 is hold | maintained more effectively by the support part 90 more vertically. Therefore, the bentos 12 within a certain area can be collected more effectively and stably.

  The vertical posture holder 23 has a digging depth adjuster 93 that adjusts the digging depth of the sand mud aspirator 20. For this reason, the bentos collecting device 10 can collect the bentos 12 up to a predetermined depth of the seabed 11. The digging depth adjuster 93 is screwed with a digging stop fitting 94 on the outer side of the side wall 40 of the digging frame 24 of the sand mud aspirator 20 and abuts against the digging stop fitting 94 so as to be more than that of the sand mud aspirator 20. The excavation depth adjusting fitting 95 that stops subsidence and excavation is welded and fixed to the sand mud suction device storage chamber 85. Therefore, the bentos collection device 10 can collect the bentos 12 that live up to a predetermined depth of the seabed 11 with a simple structure using the excavation stop fitting 94 and the excavation depth adjustment fitting 95.

  Control of the operation of the ventus collection device 10 is performed only by operating the suction pump 14, the suction control valve 74, and the backflow valve 83. In addition, the ventus 12 is automatically separated by the ventus separator 21. Therefore, since a diver or a worker for separating the bentos 12 from the sand mud 15 is not required, the bents 12 can be collected in a short time and at a low cost.

  Further, the inflow water pipe outlet portion 43 is provided at a position where seawater flowing into the sand mud suction device 20 from the inflow water pipe outlet portion 43 is prevented from stirring the sand mud 15 outside the sand mud suction device 20. Collecting bentos 12 outside a certain area is suppressed. Therefore, the bentos 12 within a certain area can be collected more effectively and stably.

  The bentos collecting apparatus 10 has a backflow means 117. For this reason, the sand mud 15 remaining in the suction pump 14 and the first transport unit 70 can be removed by the priming water flowing backward. Furthermore, the submersed sand mud suction device 20 can be floated by the pressure of seawater flowing back into the sand mud suction device 20. Therefore, the sand mud suction device 20 that has sunk on the seabed 11 can be easily recovered.

  In addition, since the check valve 44 is attached to the inflow water pipe outlet 43, the priming water that flows back into the sand mud suction unit 20 does not flow out from the inflow water pipe 35 to the outside. Therefore, since the outflow pressure of the seawater flowing back into the sand mud aspirator 20 can be used only for floating the sand mud aspirator 20, the sand mud aspirator 20 can be effectively recovered. .

  The bentos collection device 10 includes an observation device 116. For this reason, abnormalities, such as the sludge sucker 20 tilting, can be confirmed at any time. Therefore, it is possible to surely take measures such as stopping the suction of the sand mud 15 in the event of an abnormality, so that the suction of the sand mud 15 including the vents 12 outside a certain area can be suppressed. That is, the bentos 12 within a certain area can be collected more effectively and stably.

  An external air introduction type flow rate adjustment valve 75 is assembled to the first base portion 72. For this reason, since the flow rate of the sand mud 15 and the seawater including the vents 12 flowing in the first transport unit 70 by directly narrowing the first transport unit 70 is not adjusted, the vents in the first transport unit 70 are not adjusted. It is possible to control the flow rate of the sand mud 15 including the bentos 12 and the seawater while preventing the sand mud 15 including 12 from clogging.

  In addition, since the bentos 12 are not damaged by using a jet pump that does not use an impeller as the suction pump 14, the bents collecting device 10 can collect the bents 12 effectively.

[Second Embodiment]
A bentos collecting device 10 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The bentos collecting device 10 according to the second embodiment is used in a shallow water area such as a shallow sea or an estuary. The components having the same functions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 12 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the bentos collecting apparatus 10 according to the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the transport pipe 73 is formed using, for example, a metal pipe that is a highly rigid member. The transport pipe 73 is not limited to the metallic pipe because it only needs to have high rigidity. The transport pipe 73 is communicated with the first base 72 via the second mediation pipe 114. That is, the first transport unit 70 further includes a second intermediate pipe 114.

  The second mediation tube 114 is formed to be bendable using a material such as resin, for example. In the second embodiment, the posture holding means includes the above-described transport pipe 73 and a support device 115 as a support means that supports the transport pipe 73 so as to be movable.

  The support device 115 is fixed to, for example, the side wall 13 b of the survey ship 13 as a mounting partner of the bentos collecting device 10. For example, the support device 115 holds the transport pipe 73 on the inner side, and the transport pipe 73 is substantially perpendicular to the seabed 11. It is possible to move to. The support device 115 is provided so as to be able to freely rotate and tilt in accordance with, for example, rolling and pitching of the survey ship 13, and can hold the transport pipe 73 on the seabed 11 substantially vertically.

  That is, the bentos collection device 10 has a structure in which the excavation direction of the sand mud suction device 20 to the seabed 11 is held substantially perpendicular to the seabed 11 by the transport pipe 73 being supported by the supporter 115 so as to be movable. It is.

  In 2nd Embodiment, it has the excavation depth adjustment collar 120 fixed to the outer side of the side wall 40 of the excavation frame 24 as an excavation depth adjustment means. As shown in FIG. 13, the digging depth adjusting collar 120 is formed by an adjusting collar mounting frame 121 fixed to the side wall 40 of the digging frame 24 and a collar formed so as to extend in a substantially circular shape in the circumferential direction of the adjusting collar mounting frame 121. Part 122.

  The adjustment collar attachment frame 121 has an adjustment collar attachment opening 123 that opens to substantially the same diameter as the side wall 40 of the excavation frame 24, and has a substantially cylindrical shape that extends along the excavation frame 24. A plurality of screw holes 125 are formed in the side wall of the adjustment collar mounting frame 121. As shown in FIG. 14, the excavation depth adjusting collar 120 is fixed to the side wall 40 of the excavation frame 24 using bolts 130.

  When the sand mud aspirator 20 excavates the sea mud 15 by sucking the sand mud 15 containing the vents 12 of the sea bottom 11, the brim 122 of the drilling depth adjusting collar 120 abuts against the sea bottom 11, and the sand mud aspirator 20 As a result, the seabed 11 cannot be excavated. That is, the length from the excavation frame suction port 25 to the collar portion 122 becomes the excavation depth of the sand mud aspirator 20 to the seabed 11. Therefore, the excavation depth adjusting collar 120 is adjusted based on a desired excavation depth and fixed to the side wall 40 of the excavation frame 24.

  Next, operation | movement of the bentos collection apparatus 10 concerning 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 12, first, for example, the transport pipe 73 is assembled to the support 115. Next, the support device 115 is fixed to the survey vessel 13 so that the excavation direction of the sand mud suction device 20 is substantially perpendicular to the seabed 11. At this time, the excavation depth adjusting collar 120 is adjusted based on a predetermined excavation depth and is fixed to the side surface of the excavation frame 24.

  Next, the sand mud suction device 20 is installed at a predetermined position on the seabed 11 so that the excavation frame suction port 25 of the excavation frame 24 contacts the seabed 11. At this time, since the sea 5 is a shallow water area, the bottom of the sand mud aspirator 20 is confirmed by visually confirming that the transport pipe 73 has settled. Or the bottom of the sand mud suction device 20 is confirmed by the touch of the hand when the transport pipe 73 is moved up and down. In addition, you may attach the observation apparatus 116 to the sand mud suction device 20 separately.

  Next, the suction control valve 74 and the backflow valve 83 are opened, the suction pump 14 is operated, and the suction of the sand mud 15 including the vents 12 in the sand mud suction unit 20 is started. The sand mud 15 including the sucked bents 12 is conveyed to the bents separator 21 through the first transport unit 70 and the second transport unit 71, and the bents 12 in the sand mud 15 are separated. When the sand mud aspirator 20 excavates and sinks the sea bottom 11 by sucking the sand mud 15 including the bents 12, the transport pipe 73 moves toward the sea bottom 11 with respect to the support 115, and accordingly. The second intermediate tube 114 is bent.

  The suction of the sand mud 15 is continued until the brim portion 122 of the excavation depth adjusting brim 120 is brought into contact with the seabed 11. As shown in FIG. 15, when the flange portion 122 abuts on the seabed 11, for example, the suction control valve 74 is closed. Thereby, the suction of the sand mud 15 including the vents 12 is stopped. Since the collection method of the sand mud suction device 20 may be the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  In the bentos collection device 10 of the second embodiment, the transport pipe 73 is formed of, for example, a metal pipe having high rigidity, and is moved in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the seabed 11 by using the support 115 on the survey ship 13. Supported as possible. Since the survey ship 13 has an action of supporting the support device 115, the support device 115 is not made large. Therefore, since the support device 115 can be made compact and the bentos collecting device 10 can be made compact, the bentos collecting device 10 can be sufficiently mounted on the small research ship 13. That is, even in a shallow water area such as a shallow sea or an estuary where only a small research ship 13 can navigate, the bentos 12 within a certain area of the seabed 11 can be collected in a short time with a reduced cost.

  The bentos collecting device 10 further includes a drilling depth adjusting collar 120 that adjusts the drilling depth of the sand mud aspirator 20. For this reason, the bentos collecting device 10 can collect the bentos 12 that live up to a predetermined depth of the seabed 11. Further, the digging depth adjusting collar 120 has a simple structure that is screwed to the outside of the side wall 40 of the digging frame 24 of the sand mud aspirator 20. Therefore, the bentos collecting device 10 can collect the bentos 12 that inhabit to a predetermined depth of the seabed 11 with a simple structure.

  In the second embodiment, the transport pipe 73 is held by the survey ship 13 using the support device 115. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, even if an occupant of the survey ship 13 directly holds the transport pipe 73. Good. In this case, since the support device 115 is not necessary, the bentos collecting device 10 can be made more compact.

  Moreover, in 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment, although the sand mud suction device 20 attracts | sucks the sand mud 15 as a deposit, this changes with the seabed 11, and is limited to the sand mud 15. It is not a thing. Further, each inflow water pipe outlet portion 43 opens in a direction substantially parallel to the seabed 11, but is not limited to this, and the same is true even if it is inclined and opened away from the seabed 11. An effect is obtained. In addition, when the seabed 11 is clayy and hard, each inflow water pipe outlet part 43 has a seabed in a range where the seawater flowing from each inflow water pipe outlet part 43 does not agitate the sand mud 15 outside the sand mud suction unit 20. 11 may be inclined and opened. In this case, since the seawater flowing in from each inflow water pipe outlet 43 is directly injected into the sand mud 15 in the sand mud suction unit 20 and dug the sand mud 15 directly, the sand mud 15 including the vents 12 is sucked. It becomes easy to do.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiments as they are, and can be embodied by modifying the components without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Moreover, you may delete some components from all the components shown by embodiment.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a bentos collection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The perspective view which shows the sand mud suction device which concerns on the same embodiment partly notched. Sectional drawing shown along the F3-F3 line | wire of FIG. The perspective view which shows the bentos separator which concerns on the same embodiment. The perspective view which partially cuts out and shows the bentos separation drainage which concerns on the same embodiment. The perspective view which shows the vertical attitude | position holder | retainer which concerns on the same embodiment. The perspective view which shows the state where the sand-mud suction device which concerns on the same embodiment was assembled | attached to the vertical attitude | position holder | retainer, partially notching. The front view and perspective view which abbreviate | omitted partially the mode that the ventus collection apparatus which concerns on the same embodiment attracts | sucks the sand mud containing a ventus, and shows it partially. The perspective view which shows the state which the sand mud suction device which concerns on the same embodiment attracted | sucked the sand mud containing bentos to predetermined depth, and is partially cut off. The front view which abbreviate | omits partially a mode that the sand-mud suction device which concerns on the embodiment is collect | recovered, and shows a part notch. The front view which shows a mode that the sand mud suction device which concerns on the embodiment floats. The schematic block diagram of the bentos collection apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The perspective view which shows the digging depth adjustment collar which concerns on the same embodiment. The perspective view which shows the state by which the drilling depth adjustment collar which concerns on the embodiment was assembled | attached to the sand mud suction device. The front view which shows the state which the sand mud suction device which concerns on the same embodiment attracted the sand mud containing bentos to predetermined depth.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Bentos collection apparatus, 11 ... Sea bottom (water bottom), 12 ... Bentos , 15 ... Sand mud (precipitate), 20 ... Sand mud suction device (suction device), 21 ... Bentos separator, 22 ... Conveyor, 23 ... Vertical posture retainer (vertical posture holding means), 24 ... Inflow water amount adjustment valve (valve), 25 ... Excavation frame suction port (suction port), 35 ... Inflow water pipe (inflow portion), 43 ... Inflow water pipe outlet portion (outlet portion) 51 ... Suction sand mud piping, 52 ... Bents separation net, 75 ... Flow control valve (valve), 85 ... Sand mud suction chamber (suction chamber), 90 ... Support, 93 ... Drilling depth controller (Drilling depth adjustment means).

Claims (5)

A ventus collection device including a suction device that sucks a precipitate containing bentos while the suction port is in contact with the bottom of the water,
A valve capable of adjusting the flow rate when sucking the precipitate;
Drilling depth adjusting means for adjusting a drilling depth when the suction device drills the water bottom;
A bentos separator for separating the bentos from the precipitate sucked by the aspirator;
A transporter that communicates with the aspirator and the bentos separator, and that conveys the precipitate sucked by the aspirator to the bentos separator;
Comprising
The aspirator is
An inflow portion that is provided outside the suction port and that opens to the outside from the upper part opposite to the suction port and allows the surrounding fluid to flow inside the suction device ;
A valve provided in the inflow portion and capable of adjusting the amount of the fluid flowing into the aspirator;
Comprising
The outlet portion in the suction device of the inflow portion opens in a direction substantially parallel to the suction port where the fluid is not directly injected into the suction port, and is directed to a direction toward the axial side of the suction device. Opening inclining in the circumferential direction of the axis,
The bentos separator is
A suction sand mud pipe having a suction sand mud discharge port connected to the conveyor and communicating with the outside; and
Bentos separation net having a bag network structure communicating with the suction sand mud discharge port of the suction sand mud pipe;
The bentos collection device characterized by comprising . A ventus collection device including a suction device that sucks a precipitate containing bentos while the suction port is in contact with the bottom of the water,
A valve capable of adjusting the flow rate when sucking the precipitate;
Drilling depth adjusting means for adjusting a drilling depth when the suction device drills the water bottom;
A bentos separator for separating the bentos from the precipitate sucked by the aspirator;
A transporter that communicates with the aspirator and the bentos separator, and that conveys the precipitate sucked by the aspirator to the bentos separator;
Comprising
The aspirator is
An inflow portion that is provided outside the suction port and that opens to the outside from the upper part opposite to the suction port and allows the surrounding fluid to flow inside the suction device;
A valve provided in the inflow portion and capable of adjusting the amount of the fluid flowing into the aspirator;
Comprising
The outlet portion in the suction unit of the inflow portion is inclined to the side away from the suction port, and is inclined and opened in the circumferential direction of the axis with respect to the direction toward the axis side of the suction device,
The bentos separator is
A suction sand mud pipe having a suction sand mud discharge port connected to the conveyor and communicating with the outside; and
Bentos separation net having a bag network structure communicating with the suction sand mud discharge port of the suction sand mud pipe;
The bentos collection device characterized by comprising .   3. The bents collecting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a vertical posture holding means for holding a direction of excavation of the suction device to the water bottom substantially perpendicular to the water bottom. Bentos collection device. The vertical posture holding means stores the suction device movably in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the water bottom;
4. The bentos collecting device according to claim 3, further comprising a support portion that is formed so as to spread outside the suction device storage chamber and supports the suction device storage chamber in contact with the water bottom. A plurality of the outlet portions are provided,
Each of the plurality of outlets is inclined in the same direction in the circumferential direction of the axis with respect to the direction toward the axis.
The bentos collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized by things .

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