JP2004183206A

JP2004183206A - Sediment recovery system

Info

Publication number: JP2004183206A
Application number: JP2002347628A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 將士 ▲吉▼村; Masashi Yoshimura
Original assignee: Taiko Kikai Ind Co Ltd
Current assignee: Taiko Kikai Ind Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-11-29
Filing date: 2002-11-29
Publication date: 2004-07-02

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sediment recovery system in particular used for efficiently separating sediment from water and recovering the same by carrying and transferring sediment accumulated on the bottom of a power generation dam, drinking water dam or a lake with water using floating force of gas such as air. <P>SOLUTION: In this system set underwater such as the bottom of the dam, the exterior and the interior are partitioned, and in the lower part of the interior, a large-diameter partition cylinder 2 having an excavating mechanism part 7 in which an excavator 5 is driven to rotate by a motor M or the like to mix sediment 6 with water W and a small-diameter recovery guide cylinder 3 inserted in the partition cylinder and connected at its upper part to a vacuum pump 8 are provided to form a double-walled pipe structure. The system is provided with an air feed pipe 9, one end 9a of which is connected to the lower inside of the recovery guide cylinder, the other end 9b of which is connected to a compressor 10 to thereby feed compressed gas G' into the recovery guide cylinder, wherein with floating of gas G fed from the compressor through the air feed pipe to the inside of the recovery guide cylinder, the sediment 6 and the water W are recovered. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は土砂回収装置に関し、特に発電用ダム、飲料水用ダム、そのほか湖沼等の底に溜まる土砂を空気等の気体の浮上力を利用して水とともに水面上に運搬、移送することにより効率良く水と分離して土砂を回収するのに使用する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
発電用ダム、飲料水用ダムは、永年使用していると、降雨等によりダム周囲の土砂が崩落したり、上流側から下流側への流水により湖底に土砂が溜まり、貯水量に影響が出るようになる。
そこで、この土砂を湖底から取り除こうとすると、湖底を撹拌することになるので、ダムに貯留されている水は汚濁される。もしも、このように汚濁された水を下流に流せば、下流域での水産資源に甚大な被害を与えることになり、その損失は大きい。もちろん、貯水池の水は、当然に飲み水等への使用は不可能になる。
【０００３】
ところで、例えば海底等の深底に眠る鉱物等の貴重資源を空気等の気体の浮上力（エアリフト）を利用して水とともに地上に引き上げて移送回収する採取方法を採用した装置がある。
このように、空気等の気体の浮上力（エアリフト）を利用した揚水回収装置として、例えば、気体と液体を高圧化して深海に圧送する駆動源としてのポンプと、該ポンプに一端が接続されて深海底近くに気体と液体とを圧送する気液圧送パイプと、該気液圧送パイプの他端が接続され、サイフォン管を内部に備えた気液分離室と、該気液分離室内に配挿され、下方部が海底にまで伸び上方部はエアリフトパイプとして水面上まで伸びるた吸引パイプとを備えた構造の深底資源吸引揚装置である。
【０００４】
そして、ポンプから圧送した気体と液体とは、気液圧送パイプを経て気液分離室内に圧送され、気体と液体とは上下に分離して水位を形成する。そして、液体は、気液分離室の下部から液体の増加により気泡押出口から気泡になりエアリフトパイプに入って上昇しながら気体の浮上力によりエアリフト機能を発揮するとともに吸引パイプの周側面に設けた気泡押出孔と吸引パイプの下端に設けた吸引口とに吸引力を起こさせ、気液分離室内に複数の異なる室内水位を形成するものであった。この結果、吸引口から液体または液体と共に海底の資源を吸引パイプ内に吸引し、エアリフトパイプ内をエアリフトを利用して深底資源を地上に引き揚げて回収するものがあった（例えば、引用文献１参照。）。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特開２０００−２２７１００号公報（第１−６頁、図１、図２参照）
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特許文献１に記載の上記従来の深底資源吸引揚装置は、ポンプを駆動することにより気体と液体との異質な２種物質を気液圧送パイプを通じて高圧化して海底等の深底にまで圧送しなけばならないので、深底での資源を吸引パイプにより吸引してから気体の浮上力（エアリフト）を利用して水とともに資源を地上に引き上げる時に気体と液体とを分離しなければならないため、深底近くにまで運ばれ、サイフォン管を内部に備えた気液分離室を必要不可欠にする。この結果、特許文献１に記載の深底資源吸引揚装置は、構造が複雑になり、部品数も多くなり、製作および組立が容易には行えず、製作コストおよび設備費は高価になり、取扱い操作も容易には行えなかった。
しかも、気液分離室内に気体とともに圧送される液体は、増加される分、深底付近において気液分離室の外部に放出されるので、深底に乱流を生して水が汚濁される不都合があった。
従って、例えば発電用ダム、飲料水用ダム等において、湖底に溜まった土砂を湖底から取り除くために、例えば引用文献１に記載の発明を適用すると、気液分離室の外部に放出される液体に起因した乱流により湖底が撹拌されることにより水が汚濁されるので、不適格であった。
【０００７】
本発明は上記従来の欠点を解決し、気液分離室を必要とすることなく、湖底の土砂を容易な取り扱いにて効率良く確実に移送、回収でき、また湖底が汚濁されずに済み、しかも構造簡単であり、部品数も少なく製作および組立が容易になり、製作コストおよび設備費が安価な土砂回収装置を提供しようとする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記課題に鑑みなされ、請求項１に記載の発明は、ダム、湖沼等の水底に着底され、外部と内部を仕切るとともに内部下方にはモータ等の駆動源により掘削具が回転駆動されることにより水に対し土砂を混合可能に掘削する掘削機構部を設けた大径な隔壁筒体と該隔壁筒体内部に水面から所望高さまで挿入され上部は真空ポンプに接続された小径な回収案内筒体とにより内外二重管構造をなし、該回収案内筒体の下方内部に一端が接続され、他端は前記回収案内筒内部に圧縮気体を送出可能にコンプレッサーが接続された送気管を設け、該コンプレッサーから前記送気管を介して回収案内筒体内部に送気される気体の浮上に伴い土砂と水とを回収することを特徴としたという手段を採用した。
【０００９】
また、本発明の請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１において、前記回収案内筒体は、陸上または海上等に設けられる分離タンクに接続され、該分離タンクの後段に配した回収タンクに設けられる格子、金網、濾布の１種または２種以上よりなる濾過手段により土砂と水とは分離されることを特徴とするという手段を採用した。
【００１０】
また、本発明の請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１または２において、前記分離タンクは、真空ポンプに接続されることを特徴とするという手段を採用した。
【００１１】
また、本発明の請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項１，２，または３において、前記分離タンクの排水口の後段に必要に応じて沈砂池または／および砂濾過機構部が設けられることを特徴とするという手段を採用した。
【００１２】
また、本発明の請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項１，２，３，または４において、前記掘削機構部に用いられるモータは、油圧式または空圧式により回転駆動されることを特徴とするという手段を採用した。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下図面に従って本発明の実施の形態の具体例を説明する。
図１は本発明の土砂回収装置の一実施形態を示す説明用の断面図であり、図２は同じく本実施形態で使用するエアリフトを適用する二重管構造に組上げられた隔壁筒体と回収案内筒体とを示す拡大断面図、図３は同じく隔壁筒体の内部下方に設けられた掘削機構部を示す拡大断面図、図４は同じく分離タンクの後段に設けられる回収タンク、沈砂池、砂濾過機構部を示す断面図である。
【００１４】
１は本実施形態の土砂回収装置であり、この土砂回収装置１は大径な隔壁筒体２と該隔壁筒体２内部に水面Ｗ．Ｌから所望高さＨまで挿入され小径な回収案内筒体３とにより内外二重管構造をなす。
【００１５】
前記隔壁筒体２は、ダム、湖沼等の水底４に着底され、外部と内部を仕切るとともに内部下方にはモータＭ等の駆動源により掘削具５が回転駆動されることにより水Ｗに対し土砂６を混合可能に掘削する掘削機構７を設けている。また、この隔壁筒体２は、例えば繊維強化プラスチックにより形成され、長さｌが３〜４ｍ程度、半径ｒが約１ｍ程度の複数本の筒体素体２Ａを土砂６を回収する水面Ｗ．Ｌから水底４までの深さに応じて全体の設置長さＬだけ浚渫船１８上で継ぎ足すようになっている。そして、この隔壁筒体２の全体的な設置長さＬは、３０〜４０ｍ程度にすることもできる。前記掘削具５としては、例えば図示するようなフォーク状のものが使用される。
８は小径な回収案内筒体３の上部が接続された真空ポンプである。
【００１６】
９は送気管であり、この送気管９は回収案内筒体３の下方内部に一端９ａが接続され、他端９ｂは前記回収案内筒体３内部に圧縮気体Ｇ′を送出可能にコンプレッサー１０が接続されるように設けられる。この送気管９としては、鉄製のものが好適に使用される。そして、このコンプレッサー１０は比較的低圧縮度を保証するものが用いられ、このコンプレッサー１０から前記送気管９を介して回収案内筒体３内部に送気される気体Ｇの浮上に伴い土砂６と水Ｗとを回収するようになっている。この送気管９内に送られる気体Ｇの移送速度は、約２０ｍ^３／ｍｉｎである。
【００１７】
また、前記回収案内筒体３は、例えば図１に示すように陸上または海上等に設けられる分離タンク１１に接続され、該分離タンク１１の後段に配した回収タンク１２内に設けられる格子、金網、濾布の１種または２種以上よりなる濾過手段１３により土砂６と水Ｗ１とは分離される。また、この前記分離タンク１１は、真空ポンプ８に接続されることにより回収案内筒体３に吸引力を発揮させるようになっている。
【００１８】
１４は分離タンク１１の排水口１１ａの後段に必要に応じて設けられる沈砂池であり、この沈砂池１４は最深部１４ａに土砂６が沈降して滞留され、最深部１４ａから次第に遠ざかるのにつれて浅くなるように傾斜面１４ｂが連設されることにより傾斜面１４ｂの勾配に伴い土砂６が最深部１４ａに流落ちるようになっている。
【００１９】
１５は分離タンク１１の排水口１１ａの後段に必要に応じて沈砂池１４または／および沈砂池１４と一緒に設けられる砂濾過機構部であり、この砂濾過機構部１５には沈砂池１４により沈殿濾過された水Ｗ２をさらにポンプ１６により汲み上げられ、土砂６と水Ｗ３とが分離されることにより濾過された水が湖へと還元される。
【００２０】
また、掘削機構部７の掘削具５を回転駆動するための駆動源としての前記モータＭは、例えば油圧式または空圧式により回転駆動されるものが用いられが、本実施形態では図１に示すようにエアー・コンプレッサー１７を用いた空圧式の駆動が採用されている。
【００２１】
図１において、１８は浚渫船である。また、１９は送気管９の途中に設けられた安全弁である。
【００２２】
本発明の一実施形態は以上の構成からなり、例えば発電用ダム、飲料水用ダム、そのほか湖沼等の水底４に溜まった土砂６を回収するには、浚渫船１８上に用意され、強化プラスチックにて形成された長さｌが３〜４ｍ程度、半径ｒが約１ｍ程度の複数本の筒体素体２Ａを、土砂６を回収する水面Ｗ．Ｌから水底４までの深さに応じた全体の設置長さＬに継ぎ足し、隔壁筒体２を組み上げる。
【００２３】
そして、浚渫船１８から隔壁筒体２をクレーン等の吊機を用いて水面Ｗ．Ｌ下に沈降して行き、隔壁筒体２の下部を砂６が溜まっている水底４に着底させる。次いで、隔壁筒体２の内部に水面Ｗ．Ｌから所望高さＨまで小径な回収案内筒体３を挿入することにより大径な隔壁筒体２と小径な回収案内筒体３とにより内外二重管構造を組み上げる。
【００２４】
この際、回収案内筒体３には、下方内部に一端９ａが接続され、他端９ｂはこの回収案内筒体３内部に圧縮気体Ｇ１を送出可能にコンプレッサー１０が接続された送気管９を接続しておく。また、回収案内筒体３は上端が土砂輸送管３′を介して陸上の分離タンク１１に接続されている。この分離タンク１１には真空ポンプ８が接続され、吸引力を働かせるようになっている。
【００２５】
それから、隔壁筒体２の内部下方に設けた掘削機構部７の駆動源としてのモータＭを駆動してフォーク状の掘削具５を回転させると、例えば発電用ダム、飲料水用ダム、そのほか湖沼等の水底４に溜まった土砂６は掘削具５により掘削されて撹拌されることにより水Ｗと混合される。
【００２６】
この時、大径な隔壁筒体２の下部は、水底４に着底されることにより隔壁筒体２の内部と外部とは隔離されて土砂６の作業回収領域は囲まれるので、土砂６が掘削機構部７の掘削具５により水底４から掘削されて水Ｗと混合されてもその水は隔壁筒体２の外部に流出したり、漏れ出すことがないため、湖水の汚れはない。
【００２７】
そして、回収案内筒体３の下方内部に一端９ａが接続され、しかも他端９ｂに接続されたコンプレッサー１０から送気管９を通じて回収案内筒体３の内部に圧縮気体Ｇ′が送出されるので、この圧縮気体Ｇ′は回収案内筒体３内の水中を泡になり浮上されて行く。この時、送気管９内に送られる気体Ｇの移送速度は、例えば約２０ｍ^３／ｍｉｎに設定される。
従って、前述のように掘削機構部７の掘削具５により掘削された水底４に溜まる土砂６は、回収案内筒体３内部を圧縮空気等の気体Ｇの浮上力（エアリフト）により水とともに水面Ｗ．Ｌ上に速やかに運搬、移送され、陸上に設けた分離タンク１１内に回収される。
【００２８】
この際、分離タンク１１に回収される土砂水量は、回収案内筒体３内に送気管９を通じて送気されるエアリフト量に比例的に回収される。
また、分離タンク１１には真空ポンプ８が接続されて吸引力が働くので、前述のように気体Ｇの浮上力と協同して掘削された土砂６は分離タンク１１に迅速かつ確実に運搬、移送される。
【００２９】
このように、土砂６が水Ｗとともに分離タンク１１内に運搬、移送されると、分離タンク１１では土砂６が沈降されて土砂水から分離されるので、ある程度、土砂水が浄化される。
それから、分離タンク１１の下部に設けられた排出口１１ａのバルブを開弁することにより土砂水から土砂６を分離して各個に排出することができる。
【００３０】
また、分離タンク１１から排出される土砂水は、例えば図４に示すように分離タンク１１の後段に配した回収タンク１２内に設けられた格子、金網、濾布の１種または２種以上よりなる濾過手段１３により土砂６と水Ｗ１とにさらに分離される。
また、回収案内筒体３内を送られて来る気体Ｇは、真空ポンプ８により吸引された後に大気に放出される。また、エアリフト用の気体Ｇは大気から前述のようにコンプレッサー１０により採り入れられて送気管９を通じて回収案内筒体３内に送気される。
【００３１】
しかも、分離タンク１１から排出される土砂水は、例えば図４に示すように、分離タンク１１の後段に必要に応じて設けられた沈砂池１４により沈砂されて土砂６と水Ｗ２とがさらに分離されたり、この沈砂池１４と一緒に設けられるか、または単独に設けられる砂濾過機構部１５にて土砂６は沈殿濾過されて回収され、さらに浄化された水Ｗ３は湖へと還元される。
【００３２】
【発明の効果】
本発明の請求項１に記載の発明は以上のように、ダム、湖沼等の水底に着底され、外部と内部を仕切るとともに内部下方にはモータ等の駆動源により掘削具が回転駆動されることにより水に対し土砂を混合可能に掘削する掘削機構部を設けた大径な隔壁筒体と該隔壁筒体内部に水面から所望高さまで挿入され上部は真空ポンプに接続された小径な回収案内筒体とにより内外二重管構造をなし、該回収案内筒体の下方内部に一端が接続され、他端は前記回収案内筒体内部に圧縮気体を送出可能にコンプレッサーが接続された送気管を設け、該コンプレッサーから前記送気管を介して回収案内筒体内部に送気される気体の浮上に伴い土砂と水とを回収することを特徴としたので、従来のように気液分離室を水底に近くまで沈めて用いる必要がなくなり、湖底に溜まる土砂を回収案内筒体内に圧送するだけの容易な取り扱い操作にて効率良く確実に地上または海上に移送、回収することができる。また、本発明の土砂回収装置は、前述のように、大径な隔壁筒体と、小径な回収案内筒体とにより内外二重管構造をなし、隔壁筒体により内部と外部とは隔離されて土砂の作業回収領域は囲まれるので、掘削機構部により掘削される土砂と混合される土砂水が外部に流出されて湖底が汚濁されずに済む。しかも、大径な隔壁筒体と、小径な回収案内筒体とにより内外二重管構造をなした構造簡単であるので、部品数も少なく製作および組立が容易になり、製作コストおよび設備費は安価になる。
【００３３】
また、本発明の請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１において、前記回収案内筒体は、陸上または海上等に設けられる分離タンクに接続され、該分離タンクの後段に配した回収タンク内に設けられる格子、金網、濾布の１種または２種以上よりなる濾過手段により土砂と水とは分離されることを特徴とするので、分離タンク内に回収される土砂水は後段の回収タンク内に設けられた格子、金網、濾布の１種または２種以上よりなる濾過手段によりさらに土砂と分離されて浄化された水になる。
【００３４】
また、本発明の請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１または２において、前記分離タンクは、真空ポンプに接続されることを特徴とするので、真空ポンプの吸引力が働くことにより気体の浮上力と協同して掘削された土砂は分離タンクに迅速かつ確実に運搬、移送される。
【００３５】
また、本発明の請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項１，２，または３において、前記分離タンクの排水口の後段に必要に応じて沈砂池または／および砂濾過機構部が設けられることを特徴とするので、分離タンク内に回収される土砂水は後段の沈砂池または／および砂濾過機構部によりさらに土砂と分離されて浄化された水になる。
【００３６】
また、本発明の請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項１，２，３，または４において、前記掘削機構に用いられるモータは、油圧式または空圧式により回転駆動されるので、水中においても掘削機構部は円滑かつ確実に動作する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は本発明の土砂回収装置の一実施形態を示す説明用の断面図である。
【図２】図２は同じく本実施形態で使用するエアリフトを適用する二重管構造に組上げられた隔壁筒体と回収案内筒体とを示す拡大断面図である。
【図３】図３は同じく隔壁筒体の内部下方に設けられた掘削機構部を示す拡大断面図である。
【図４】図４は同じく分離タンクの後段に設けられる回収タンク、沈砂池、砂濾過機構部を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１土砂回収装置
２隔壁筒体
３回収案内筒体
４水底
５掘削具
６土砂
７掘削機構部
８真空ポンプ
９送気管
１０コンプレッサー
１１分離タンク
１２回収タンク
Ｗ．Ｌ水面[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sediment recovery apparatus, and more particularly to a power generation dam, a drinking water dam, and the like, in which the sediment collected at the bottom of a lake or the like is transported and transferred to the surface of water together with water by using the buoyancy of a gas such as air. Used to separate sediment well from water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When a dam for power generation and a dam for drinking water are used for a long time, the sediment around the dam collapses due to rainfall, etc., and sediment accumulates at the bottom of the lake due to water flowing from upstream to downstream, affecting the water storage capacity. Become like
Therefore, if the sediment is to be removed from the lake bottom, the lake bottom will be agitated, and the water stored in the dam will be polluted. If such polluted water flows downstream, it will cause enormous damage to the marine resources in the downstream area, and the loss is large. Of course, the water in the reservoir cannot be used for drinking water or the like.
[0003]
By the way, there is an apparatus which adopts a sampling method in which a valuable resource such as a mineral lying deep in the ocean floor or the like is lifted to the ground together with water using a levitation force (air lift) of a gas such as air, and then transported and collected.
As described above, as a pumping recovery device utilizing the buoyancy (air lift) of a gas such as air, for example, a pump as a drive source for increasing the pressure of a gas and a liquid and sending it to the deep sea, and one end connected to the pump A gas-liquid pumping pipe for pumping gas and liquid near the deep sea floor, the other end of the gas-liquid pumping pipe is connected, and a gas-liquid separation chamber provided with a siphon pipe inside, and inserted into the gas-liquid separation chamber The deep bottom resource suction device has a structure in which a lower portion extends to the sea floor and an upper portion has a suction pipe extending to the surface of the water as an air lift pipe.
[0004]
Then, the gas and liquid pumped from the pump are pumped into the gas-liquid separation chamber via the gas-liquid pumping pipe, and the gas and liquid are separated vertically to form a water level. The liquid becomes bubbles from the bubble extruding port due to an increase in the liquid from the lower part of the gas-liquid separation chamber, enters the air lift pipe, exerts an air lift function by the floating force of the gas while rising, and is provided on the peripheral side surface of the suction pipe. A suction force is generated between the bubble extrusion hole and the suction port provided at the lower end of the suction pipe to form a plurality of different room water levels in the gas-liquid separation chamber. As a result, there is a device that sucks the liquid or the seabed resources together with the liquid into the suction pipe from the suction port, and pulls up the deep-bottom resources to the ground using an air lift in the air lift pipe and collects them (for example, Patent Document 1). reference.).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2000-227100 (see pages 1-6, FIGS. 1 and 2)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-mentioned conventional deep-bottom resource suction and lifting device described in Patent Literature 1 drives a pump to increase the pressure of two different substances, a gas and a liquid, through a gas-liquid pressure-feeding pipe so that the two deep-substances reach a deep bottom such as the sea bottom. Since the resources must be pumped to the bottom, the resources at the deep bottom must be suctioned by a suction pipe and then the gas and liquid must be separated when the resources are lifted to the ground with water using the levitation force of the gas (air lift). Therefore, the gas-liquid separation chamber, which is transported to near the deep bottom and has a siphon tube inside, is indispensable. As a result, the deep-bottom resource suction and lifting device described in Patent Literature 1 has a complicated structure, a large number of parts, and cannot be easily manufactured and assembled. The operation was not easy.
In addition, the liquid that is pumped together with the gas into the gas-liquid separation chamber is discharged to the outside of the gas-liquid separation chamber near the deep bottom by the increased amount, so that turbulence is generated at the deep bottom and water is polluted. There was an inconvenience.
Therefore, for example, in a dam for power generation, a dam for drinking water, and the like, when the invention described in Patent Document 1 is applied in order to remove sediment accumulated on the lake bottom from the lake bottom, liquid discharged to the outside of the gas-liquid separation chamber is reduced. The water was polluted by stirring the bottom of the lake due to the turbulence caused by the turbulence.
[0007]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and can efficiently and reliably transfer and recover the sediment at the bottom of the lake with easy handling without the need for a gas-liquid separation chamber. An object of the present invention is to provide a sediment recovery apparatus that has a simple structure, has a small number of parts, is easy to manufacture and assemble, and has low manufacturing costs and equipment costs.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the invention according to claim 1 is a method in which an excavator is settled on a water bottom of a dam, a lake, or the like, and separates the inside from the outside, and is driven by a driving source such as a motor below the inside. A large-diameter partition wall body provided with an excavation mechanism for excavating soil and sand so that it can be mixed with water, and a small-diameter portion inserted into the partition wall body to a desired height from the water surface and connected to a vacuum pump at an upper portion. An air supply pipe having an inner / outer double pipe structure formed by the collection guide cylinder, one end of which is connected to the lower inside of the collection guide cylinder, and the other end to which a compressor is connected so that compressed gas can be sent into the collection guide cylinder. And a means for collecting earth and sand and water as the gas sent from the compressor into the collection guide cylinder through the air supply pipe rises.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the collection guide cylinder is connected to a separation tank provided on land or at sea or the like, and is provided in a collection tank disposed at a subsequent stage of the separation tank. A means is adopted in which sediment and water are separated from each other by a filtering means comprising one or more of a grid, a wire mesh, and a filter cloth provided.
[0010]
The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention employs means according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the separation tank is connected to a vacuum pump.
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first, second, or third aspect, a sand basin and / or a sand filtration mechanism is provided as necessary at a stage subsequent to the drain port of the separation tank. The feature that was characterized by was adopted.
[0012]
The invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is characterized in that, in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, the motor used for the excavation mechanism is rotationally driven by a hydraulic or pneumatic type. The means of doing was adopted.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
A specific example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining one embodiment of the earth and sand collecting apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional tube and a collecting pipe assembled in a double pipe structure to which an air lift used in the present embodiment is applied. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an excavation mechanism provided below the inside of the partition cylindrical body, and FIG. 4 is a collection tank, a sand basin also provided at the latter stage of the separation tank. It is sectional drawing which shows a sand filtration mechanism part.
[0014]
Reference numeral 1 denotes a sediment recovery device of the present embodiment. The sediment recovery device 1 has a large-diameter partition wall cylinder 2 and a water surface W. An inner / outer double pipe structure is formed by the small-diameter recovery guide cylinder 3 inserted from L to a desired height H.
[0015]
The bulkhead cylinder 2 is settled on a water bottom 4 such as a dam, a lake, etc., and separates the inside from the outside. An excavation mechanism 7 is provided for excavating the earth and sand 6 so that they can be mixed. The partition cylindrical body 2 is formed of, for example, a fiber reinforced plastic, and has a length l of about 3 to 4 m and a radius r of about 1 m. The entire installation length L is added on the dredger 18 according to the depth from L to the water bottom 4. The overall installation length L of the partition wall cylinder 2 can be set to about 30 to 40 m. As the excavator 5, for example, a fork as shown in the figure is used.
Reference numeral 8 denotes a vacuum pump to which the upper portion of the small-diameter recovery guide cylinder 3 is connected.
[0016]
Reference numeral 9 denotes an air supply pipe. The air supply pipe 9 has one end 9a connected to the inside of the lower part of the recovery guide cylinder 3, and the other end 9b has a compressor 10 capable of sending compressed gas G 'into the recovery guide cylinder 3. It is provided to be connected. The air pipe 9 is preferably made of iron. The compressor 10 is used to ensure a relatively low degree of compression. The gas G sent from the compressor 10 to the inside of the recovery guide cylinder 3 through the air supply pipe 9 is lifted by the earth and sand 6. Water W is collected. The transfer speed of the gas G sent into the air supply pipe 9 is about 20 m ³ / min.
[0017]
The collection guide cylinder 3 is connected to a separation tank 11 provided on land or at sea, for example, as shown in FIG. The earth and sand 6 and the water W1 are separated by the filtering means 13 composed of one or two or more filter cloths. The separation tank 11 is connected to the vacuum pump 8 so that the recovery guide cylinder 3 exerts a suction force.
[0018]
Reference numeral 14 denotes a sand basin provided as necessary at a stage subsequent to the drainage port 11a of the separation tank 11. The sand basin 14 has the sediment 6 settled in the deepest portion 14a and accumulated therein, and becomes shallower as it gradually moves away from the deepest portion 14a. The inclined surface 14b is continuously provided so that the earth and sand 6 flows down to the deepest portion 14a with the inclination of the inclined surface 14b.
[0019]
Reference numeral 15 denotes a sand basin 14 and / or a sand filtration mechanism provided along with the sand basin 14 as necessary after the drain port 11 a of the separation tank 11. The filtered water W2 is further pumped up by the pump 16, and the soil 6 and the water W3 are separated to reduce the filtered water to the lake.
[0020]
The motor M as a drive source for rotationally driving the excavation tool 5 of the excavation mechanism unit 7 is, for example, a hydraulically or pneumatically driven rotary motor. In the present embodiment, the motor M is shown in FIG. As described above, the pneumatic drive using the air compressor 17 is employed.
[0021]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 18 denotes a dredger. Reference numeral 19 denotes a safety valve provided in the middle of the air supply pipe 9.
[0022]
One embodiment of the present invention has the above configuration. For example, in order to collect sediment 6 accumulated on the water bottom 4 such as a power generation dam, a drinking water dam, and other lakes and marshes, it is prepared on a dredger 18 and made of reinforced plastic. A plurality of cylindrical element bodies 2A having a length 1 of about 3 to 4 m and a radius r of about 1 m formed on the water surface W. The entire installation length L corresponding to the depth from L to the water bottom 4 is added, and the partition wall cylinder 2 is assembled.
[0023]
Then, from the dredge 18, the bulkhead cylinder 2 is placed on the water surface W.P. Then, the lower part of the partition cylindrical body 2 is settled on the water bottom 4 where the sand 6 is stored. Next, the water surface W. By inserting a small-diameter collection guide cylinder 3 from L to a desired height H, an inner / outer double pipe structure is assembled by the large-diameter partition cylinder 2 and the small-diameter collection guide cylinder 3.
[0024]
At this time, one end 9a is connected to the inside of the recovery guide cylinder 3 in the lower part, and the other end 9b is connected to the air supply pipe 9 connected to the compressor 10 so as to be able to send out the compressed gas G1 to the inside of the recovery guide cylinder 3. Keep it. The upper end of the recovery guide cylinder 3 is connected to a separation tank 11 on land via a sediment transport pipe 3 '. A vacuum pump 8 is connected to the separation tank 11 so as to exert a suction force.
[0025]
Then, when the fork-shaped excavator 5 is rotated by driving the motor M as a drive source of the excavation mechanism 7 provided below the inside of the bulkhead cylinder 2, for example, a dam for power generation, a dam for drinking water, The earth and sand 6 accumulated in the water bottom 4 is mixed with the water W by being excavated by the excavation tool 5 and stirred.
[0026]
At this time, since the lower part of the large-diameter partition wall 2 is settled on the water bottom 4, the inside and the outside of the partition wall 2 are separated from each other, and the work collection area of the soil 6 is surrounded. Even if the water is excavated from the water bottom 4 by the excavation tool 5 of the excavation mechanism 7 and mixed with the water W, the water does not flow out or leaks out of the partition wall cylinder 2, so that there is no lake water contamination.
[0027]
One end 9a is connected to the lower inside of the recovery guide cylinder 3, and the compressed gas G 'is sent from the compressor 10 connected to the other end 9b to the interior of the recovery guide cylinder 3 through the air supply pipe 9. The compressed gas G 'floats in water in the recovery guide cylinder 3 as bubbles. At this time, the transfer speed of the gas G sent into the air supply pipe 9 is set to, for example, about 20 m ³ / min.
Accordingly, as described above, the earth and sand 6 accumulated on the water bottom 4 excavated by the excavation tool 5 of the excavation mechanism unit 7 causes the inside of the recovery guide cylinder 3 to rise along with the water surface W together with the water due to the floating force (air lift) of the gas G such as compressed air. . L is promptly transported and transferred to L, and collected in a separation tank 11 provided on land.
[0028]
At this time, the amount of sediment water collected in the separation tank 11 is collected in proportion to the amount of air lift sent into the collection guide cylinder 3 through the air supply pipe 9.
Further, since the vacuum pump 8 is connected to the separation tank 11 and a suction force acts thereon, the earth and sand 6 excavated in cooperation with the levitation force of the gas G as described above is quickly and reliably transported and transferred to the separation tank 11. Is done.
[0029]
When the soil 6 is transported and transferred together with the water W into the separation tank 11 as described above, the sediment 6 is settled and separated from the sediment water in the separation tank 11, so that the sediment water is purified to some extent.
Then, by opening the valve of the discharge port 11a provided in the lower part of the separation tank 11, the earth and sand 6 can be separated from the earth and sand water and discharged to each individual.
[0030]
The sediment water discharged from the separation tank 11 is, for example, from one or more of a grid, a wire mesh, and a filter cloth provided in a collection tank 12 disposed at a subsequent stage of the separation tank 11 as shown in FIG. Is further separated into earth and sand 6 and water W1.
Further, the gas G sent in the collection guide cylinder 3 is discharged to the atmosphere after being sucked by the vacuum pump 8. The gas G for air lift is taken in from the atmosphere by the compressor 10 as described above, and is sent into the collection guide cylinder 3 through the air supply pipe 9.
[0031]
Moreover, the sediment water discharged from the separation tank 11 is sedimented by a sedimentation basin 14 provided as necessary in the subsequent stage of the separation tank 11, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, so that the sediment 6 and the water W2 are further separated. The sediment 6 is settled and collected by a sand filtration mechanism 15 provided together with the sand basin 14 or provided alone, and the purified water W3 is returned to the lake.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is settled on the bottom of a water such as a dam or a lake, and separates the inside from the outside, and the excavating tool is rotated below the inside by a driving source such as a motor. A large-diameter partition wall body provided with an excavation mechanism for excavating earth and sand so that it can be mixed with water, and a small-diameter collection guide inserted into the partition wall body to a desired height from the water surface and connected to a vacuum pump at an upper portion. A tubular body forms an inner / outer double pipe structure, one end of which is connected to the lower inside of the recovery guide cylinder, and the other end of which is connected to an air supply pipe to which a compressor is connected so as to be able to send compressed gas into the recovery guide cylinder. And the soil and water are collected as the gas supplied from the compressor to the inside of the recovery guide cylinder through the air supply pipe rises. There is no need to sink it close to Ri, transported to efficiently and reliably ground or sea at easy handling operation that only pumping the sediment accumulating in the bottom of the lake to the collecting guide cylinder body, may be recovered. Further, as described above, the earth and sand recovery device of the present invention has an inner / outer double pipe structure formed by the large-diameter partition wall cylinder and the small-diameter recovery guide cylinder, and the inside and the outside are separated by the partition wall cylinder. Since the work collection area of the earth and sand is enclosed, the sediment water mixed with the earth and sand excavated by the excavation mechanism part is discharged to the outside, and the lake bottom is not polluted. In addition, since the large-diameter partition wall cylinder and the small-diameter recovery guide cylinder have a simple inner / outer double-tube structure, the number of parts is small, production and assembly are easy, and production and equipment costs are reduced. Become cheap.
[0033]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the recovery guide cylinder is connected to a separation tank provided on land or at sea or the like, and is disposed in a recovery tank disposed at a subsequent stage of the separation tank. The sediment and water are separated by a filtration means comprising one or more of a grid, a wire mesh, and a filter cloth provided in the separation tank. The water is further separated from the earth and sand by a filtering means comprising one or more of a grid, a wire net, and a filter cloth provided therein, thereby obtaining purified water.
[0034]
Further, the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that, in claim 1 or 2, the separation tank is connected to a vacuum pump. The excavated soil in cooperation with the levitation force is quickly and reliably transported and transferred to the separation tank.
[0035]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first, second, or third aspect, a sand basin and / or a sand filtration mechanism is provided as necessary at a stage subsequent to the drain port of the separation tank. Therefore, the sediment water collected in the separation tank is further separated from the sediment by a later settling basin or / and a sand filtration mechanism to become purified water.
[0036]
In the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention, in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, the motor used for the excavating mechanism is rotationally driven by a hydraulic or pneumatic type, so that it can be used underwater. The excavation mechanism operates smoothly and reliably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining an embodiment of the earth and sand recovery apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing a partition tubular body and a recovery guide tubular body assembled in a double pipe structure to which an air lift used in the present embodiment is applied.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an excavation mechanism provided below the inside of the partition wall cylinder.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a recovery tank, a sand basin, and a sand filtration mechanism provided at the subsequent stage of the separation tank.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sediment collection | recovery apparatus 2 Partition wall cylinder 3 Collection guide cylinder 4 Water bottom 5 Excavation tool 6 Sediment 7 Excavation mechanism part 8 Vacuum pump 9 Air supply pipe 10 Compressor 11 Separation tank 12 Collection tank W. L water surface

Claims

A digging mechanism that is settled on the bottom of the water of a dam, lake, etc., separates the inside from the outside, and has a digging mechanism below the inside where the digging tool is rotated by a driving source such as a motor so that the earth and sand can be mixed with the water. An inner / outer double pipe structure is provided by the provided large-diameter partition wall cylinder and a small-diameter recovery guide cylinder inserted into the partition cylinder body from the water surface to a desired height and connected to a vacuum pump at an upper portion. One end is connected to the inside of the lower part of the body, and the other end is provided with an air supply pipe to which a compressor is connected so as to be able to deliver compressed gas inside the recovery guide cylinder, and the inside of the recovery guide cylinder from the compressor via the air supply pipe. Sediment recovery device, which recovers sediment and water as the gas sent to the air rises.

The recovery guide cylinder is connected to a separation tank provided on land or at sea, and is provided with a filtration, which comprises one or more of a grid, a wire mesh, and a filter cloth provided in a recovery tank disposed at a stage subsequent to the separation tank. The earth and sand recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the soil and water are separated by the means.

The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the separation tank is connected to a vacuum pump.

The sediment recovery apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 3, further comprising a sand basin and / or a sand filtration mechanism, as necessary, at a stage subsequent to the drainage port of the separation tank.

The earth and sand collection device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 3, or 4, wherein the motor used in the excavation mechanism is rotationally driven by a hydraulic or pneumatic type.