JP4429800B2 - Pulling method and pulling device for stacked iron core pole - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of pulling a core pole and a pulling device applied to a dismantling operation of a used transformer.

  Large transformers used in substations and factories are replaced with new ones after a certain period of time, and old transformers are removed. These used transformers need to be treated properly without polluting the environment, and after being dismantled, various metals and resins are separated and reused by type, resulting in disposal. The rate is very small. However, this dismantling work is difficult to mechanize from the viewpoint of the weight and size of the transformer, and at present, the work is mainly dependent on the work using equipment and tools such as overhead cranes and spanners.

  The basic structure of a transformer is a set of iron cores wound with multiple sets of coils, but in large transformers, multiple steel sheets are stacked and integrated with bolts penetrated. It is composed of a part around which a coil called a pole is wound and a part called a yoke for connecting the pole. In the transformer, the plurality of poles are arranged in parallel, and the yoke is arranged so as to connect the end portions of the adjacent poles. Therefore, the iron core has a shape like a frame formed by the pole and the yoke. A coil is wound around each pole, and the magnetic field generated by one coil is transmitted from the pole to another pole via the yoke and reaches the other coil. In this specification, the pole formed by integrating the laminated steel plates is referred to as a product core pole, and the product in which the product iron pole and coil are integrated is referred to as an iron coil structure.

The dismantling of large transformers is difficult to mechanize due to problems such as differences in shape, and is largely dependent on manual work, but development of equipment that can mechanize manual work to improve productivity and work environment Patent Document 1 below is an example. In particular, the work of extracting the core iron pole from the iron core coil structure is difficult because the core iron pole and the coil are fixed, and one end of the iron core pole is hit with a large hammer, and this end is inside the coil. In general, a method is generally used in which a pipe or the like is interposed between the hammer and the iron core pole and the iron core is pushed out through the pipe. This work has a heavy physical burden and is dangerous due to its heavy iron coil structure. Also, transformers manufactured up to the Showa 40's are made of insulating oil with PCB. Some of them are contained, and it is necessary to take measures to prevent workers from suffering from health problems such as liver dysfunction and carcinogenesis during dismantling.
JP2003-151842

  If the iron core coil structure of the same shape is simply dismantled, it will not be difficult to mechanize the work if a dedicated device suitable for this shape is used. In fact, there is already a dismantling device specialized for a specific transformer. Existing. However, the core coil structure used for large transformers cannot be handled by these existing devices, and the length of the core pole and the coil diameter are various, and it is required to be able to flexibly cope with these. Furthermore, due to the nature of dismantling work, the cost should be kept as low as possible, and a simple structure using as many general-purpose parts as possible should be used.

  The present invention was developed on the basis of such actual conditions, and the work for separating the core pole from the iron core coil structure is mechanized to reduce the burden on the worker and also reduce the cost required for the production and operation of the device. The purpose is to provide a pulling method and pulling device for the possible core pole.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem, the end face of the core iron pole protruding from one end face of the iron core coil structure fixed on the pedestal is pressed by the pressing means, and the other end face side accordingly. Increasing the protruding length of the core iron pole of the steel core is held between a pair of rotary extraction blades, the rotary core blade is rotated in the direction to pull the core iron pole toward the other end surface, and the core iron pole is extracted from the coil This is a method for pulling out the iron core pole.

  The transformer which is the object of the present invention is used in a substation, factory, etc., and assumes that the outer diameter of the coil is about 700 mm at the maximum and the length of the core pole is about 2 m at the maximum. The used transformer is taken out of the container, and the yoke connecting multiple core coil structures is separated. In this next stage, the core pole is pulled out of the core coil structure. The present invention is applied to. It should be noted that the iron core pole and the coil are not integrated by welding or an adhesive, but the coil is wound so as to tighten the iron core pole and cannot be separated unless a large external force is applied.

  In order to separate the coil core pole and the coil that are tightly coupled, the present invention uses a method in which the coil core pole is moved and then pulled out after fixing the coil. For this reason, the core coil structure is placed on a stable pedestal. And a fixing means for restraining the movement of the coil. The fixing means can be a method of tightening the outer periphery of the coil with a band and crimping it to the pedestal, a method of engaging a coil with a claw, etc., but as a simpler method, a plate called a fixing plate is raised on the pedestal, A method of regulating the movement by bringing the end face of the coil into contact with the fixed plate is simple. However, the iron core pole protrudes from the end face of the coil, and it is necessary to make the fixed plate have a structure that can avoid contact with this, and a flank notched in a semicircle etc. is provided at the upper center of the fixed plate, Measures such as dividing the fixed plate into two parts are taken.

  The pressing means for pressing the end face of the stacked iron core pole is composed of a pressing plate that contacts the stacked iron core pole and a power source for moving the pressing plate. The push plate is placed on the pedestal in the same manner as the fixed plate, and is disposed so as to face the fixed plate. The push plate has a structure that can move one-dimensionally on the pedestal, and can approach or move away from the fixed plate. As a power source for the push plate, it is necessary to push out the stacked iron core pole by overcoming friction, and a hydraulic cylinder is optimal. Before the work, the push plate is waiting at a position away from the fixed plate, and the core coil structure before disassembly is pedestal so that one end surface faces the push plate and the other end surface faces the fixed plate. It is put on. At this stage, the iron core coil structure does not need to be in contact with the fixed plate or the push plate, and there is no problem even if it is separated by about 10 cm.

  After the iron core coil structure is placed on the pedestal, when the push plate is moved to the fixed plate side, the end surface of the core iron pole first comes into contact with the push plate, and the iron core coil structure is pushed out and the pedestal is moved. The end face of the coil comes into contact with the fixed plate over time. However, the fixed plate and the iron core pole do not come into contact with each other due to measures such as flank. If the plate continues to move after this, the coil is stationary because it is in contact with the fixed plate, but the core pole is pushed into the coil because it is not in contact with the fixed plate. The amount of protrusion from the coil increases.

  In the present invention, a rotary pulling blade is required in addition to the fixed plate and the push plate. The rotary drawing blade is cylindrical or conical, and a gear-like blade is continuously processed on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and an object in contact with the blade can be conveyed in the circumferential direction by rotating about the axis. Therefore, when two rotary drawing blades are used as a set, these shafts are arranged parallel to each other with a certain distance, and each axis is rotated in a different direction. It is possible to transport the object. The rotary pulling blade of the present invention is installed on the opposite side of the pressing plate as viewed from the fixed plate, and the position is adjusted so that the stacked iron core pole pushed out by the pressing means can be held.

  When the stacking core pole is pushed out by the push plate and the protruding amount of the stacking core pole on the fixed plate side increases, the tip of the stacking core pole reaches between the two extraction blades, and the blade formed on the rotary extraction blade Bites the core pole, and this rotation allows the core pole to be pulled out of the coil. A power source such as a motor is required to drive the rotary pulling blade, and this requires an output sufficient to overcome friction between the core pole and the coil.

  The present invention is characterized in that the product core pole and the coil are separated from each other by using a combination of pressing of the product core pole by the pressing means and extraction using a rotary extraction blade. The reason for such combined use is that when only pressing is used, it is necessary to secure a stroke as long as the length of the coil, and the pressing means such as a hydraulic cylinder is enlarged, and rod buckling is prevented. Countermeasures are necessary, and an increase in the size of the apparatus is unavoidable, resulting in problems such as increased costs and securing the installation location. In addition, it is difficult to reduce the size of the rotary pulling blade extremely to ensure rigidity, and since the protruding amount of the core pole is small in the initial state, the rotary pulling blade comes into contact with the coil before sandwiching the core pole. Can't function properly. Therefore, in the present invention, the stacked iron core pole is moved by the pressing means until the rotary pulling blade functions normally.

  Invention of Claim 2 is an apparatus for implement | achieving the extraction method of the core iron pole by the invention of Claim 1, Comprising: The base for mounting an iron core coil structure, and the iron core coil mounted on the base At least a fixing means for fixing in the axial direction of the core iron pole, a pressing means for pressing one end face side of the core iron pole, and the other end face side of the core iron pole pushed out by the pressing means And a pair of rotary drawing blades for drawing the iron core pole to the other end surface side. Thus, in order to realize the invention according to claim 1, a pedestal for placing the iron core coil structure, a fixing means such as a fixing plate for restraining the coil in the axial direction of the iron core pole, In order to extrude, it is necessary to provide pressing means using a pressing plate and a hydraulic cylinder, and a rotary pulling blade that holds and pulls out the core iron pole protruding by the pressing means.

  The invention according to claim 3 is a pulling device for a stacked iron core pole for dealing with dismantling of various core coil structures, and the installation position of the rotary pulling blade is orthogonal to the axial direction of the stacked iron core pole. It can be freely adjusted in two axial directions. The size of the iron core coil structure disassembled by the present invention is various, so the position and size of the core iron pole lying on the pedestal are also various, and if the installation position of the rotary extraction blade is fixed Only a specific iron core pole can be inserted. Therefore, it is desirable to be able to cope with various shapes as a structure capable of freely adjusting the position in two axial directions (the height direction and the interval direction between the two rotary drawing blades) orthogonal to the axial direction of the core pole.

  In order to achieve this position adjustment, the rotary pulling blade and the power source for rotating it are combined with various guide mechanisms so that they can move freely in two dimensions. Adjust the height, or adjust the distance between the two rotary drawing blades according to the width of the iron core pole. This adjustment operation can be performed at any stage when the iron core coil structure is placed on the apparatus or when the pressing of the stacked iron core pole by the pressing plate is finished. In addition, since it is only necessary for the push plate to be able to contact the stacked iron core pole, position adjustment like a rotary pulling blade is unnecessary.

  After the coil core is fixed on the pedestal and the core pole is pushed out by the push plate by the pulling method of the core pole using the pressing means and the rotary pulling blade as in the invention of claim 1, By inserting and pulling the stacked iron core pole with the rotary pulling blade, the moving stroke of the push plate is only required until the rotary pulling blade pinches the stacked iron core pole, and the moving range of the push plate can be limited. it can. Moreover, since the movement of the iron core pole is mainly performed by a rotary drawing blade, the work can be performed regardless of the length of the iron coil structure, and can be applied to the dismantling work of various transformers. In addition, the rotary drawing blade can divert the tools conventionally used for metal processing. With these features, there is no place to use special parts in the entire device, which leads to cost reduction. In the present invention, when the core coil structure is placed in a predetermined position, the subsequent work directly touches the core coil structure. Therefore, the physical burden on the worker is small and the health damage caused by PCB can be prevented.

  By using the apparatus for pulling the stacked iron core pole as in the invention described in claim 2, it is possible to realize the mechanization of the dismantling of the core coil structure using the principle of the invention described in claim 1.

  As in the invention described in claim 3, the installation position of the rotary pulling blade can be freely adjusted in two axial directions orthogonal to the axial direction of the stacked iron core pole, so that various core coil structures can be obtained. In contrast, it is possible to securely pull out the iron core pole and pull it out of the coil.

  FIG. 1 shows that after disassembling a used transformer, in order to disassemble the core coil structure 1 in which the core iron pole 2 and the coil 3 taken out from the inside are disassembled, the core iron pole 2 is pulled. It is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the extracting method and the apparatus for it. At the stage where the built-in material is taken out from the transformer, the plurality of core coil structures 1 are integrated by the yoke. In this state, the present invention cannot be used, so the yoke is removed in the previous step. The iron core coil structure 1 with the yoke removed as a single unit has a linear core iron pole 2 passing through a coil 3 around which a wire is wound in a circumferential shape. The iron core pole 2 protrudes. The iron core pole 2 is formed by laminating a plurality of strip-shaped steel plates, and the steel plates are integrated by penetrating bolts therethrough.

  The pulling device for the core iron pole 2 has a base 9 as a base placed on the floor, and a fixing plate 4 functioning as a fixing means is installed at the center of the upper surface of the base 9 so as to protrude upward. The upper center of the fixed plate 4 has a flank 23 cut out in a semicircular shape. A pressing plate 5 is provided on the upper surface of the pedestal 9 so as to face the fixed plate 4. The pressing plate 5 and the hydraulic cylinder 20 constitute pressing means 7. By actuating, the push plate 5 can be moved closer to or away from the fixed plate 4. In addition, a gate-shaped frame 12 is constructed in the vicinity of the center of the pedestal 9 in addition to the fixed plate 4. Both bottom surfaces of the frame 12 are firmly integrated with the pedestal 9, and the upper part is a rotary pull-out. A motor 8 that is a power source for rotating the blade 6 is provided. The motor 8 incorporates a speed reducer capable of reducing the rotational speed and increasing the torque, and a rotary pulling blade 6 is fitted on a shaft extending from the speed reducer. The rotary pulling blade 6 has a cylindrical shape. Gear-shaped blades 24 are arranged at equal intervals on the outer peripheral surface. The rotary drawing blade 6 and the motor 8 are installed in two sets, but both rotation directions are reversed.

  As described above, the fixed plate 4 is provided near the center on the pedestal 9, and the movable plate 5 is provided so as to face the fixed plate 4. Further, the fixed plate 4 is used as a reference and is opposite to the push plate 5. Two sets of rotary extraction blades 6 are arranged on the side, and both rotary extraction blades 6 have the same height, and an object can be sandwiched between them to be conveyed. A conveyor 13 using rollers is installed on the left side of the pedestal 9, and a heavy object can be freely conveyed on this upper surface.

  FIG. 1A shows a stage before the stacked iron core pole 2 is pulled out. The one end surface 10 of the iron core coil structure 1 faces the pressing plate 5 and the other end surface 11 is fixed to the fixing plate 4. Is placed on the base 9 so as to face each other. At this time, the product core pole 2 is allowed to pass through the flank 23 so that the product core pole 2 and the fixing plate 4 do not contact each other. At this stage, the iron core pole 2 and the pressing plate 5 and the coil 3 and the fixing plate 4 do not need to be in contact with each other. When the hydraulic cylinder 20 is operated in this state and the push plate 5 is moved in the direction of the fixed plate 4, the push plate 5 comes into contact with the core iron pole 2 on the one end face 10 side, but the push plate 5 continues to move further. Thus, the iron core pole 2 and the coil 3 are pressed together, and the coil 3 on the other end face 11 side contacts the fixed plate 4. Although the movement of the push plate 5 continues, since the coil 3 is restrained by the fixed plate 4, a slip occurs on the contact surface between the stacked iron core pole 2 and the coil 3, and the side that is in contact with the push plate 5. The core iron pole 2 is buried in the coil 3, and the opposite side is pushed out to increase the protruding amount.

  A pair of rotary pulling blades 6 are used to pinch and pull out the stacked iron core pole 2 protruding from the fixed plate 4, and the height of the rotating pulling blade 6 is adjusted to match the center of the stacked iron core pole 2. Further, the distance is slightly narrower than the width of the stacked iron core pole 2 and the position is adjusted so as to securely bite into the side surface of the stacked iron core pole 2. However, when the iron core coil structure 1 is simply placed on the pedestal 9, the amount of protrusion of the core iron pole 2 from the coil 3 is small, so that it does not contact the rotary pulling blade 6. At the same time as the push plate 5 is moved to push out the stacked core pole 2, the motor 8 is operated to rotate the rotary pulling blade 6, and eventually the end of the stacked core pole 2 is sandwiched between the rotary pulling blades 6, The pole 2 moves in the direction of being pulled out of the coil 3. Naturally, at this time, the coil 3 does not move because it is in contact with the fixed plate 4.

  FIG. 1B shows a stage in the middle of pulling out the core iron pole 2, and the core iron pole 2 pushed out by the push plate 5 is sandwiched by the rotary pulling blade 6 and pulled out from the coil 3. On the way. Note that the pressing plate 5 finishes the operation just before contacting the coil 3. When the stacked core pole 2 is separated from the coil 3 by the rotary pulling blade 6, the stacked core pole 2 protruding from the other end surface 11 is placed on the conveyor 13. FIG. 1 (C) shows a stage in which the drawing of the core iron pole 2 is almost completed, and the iron core pole 2 is completely separated from the coil 3, but the end of the iron core pole 2 is a rotary drawing blade 6. And is conveyed to the conveyor 13. At this stage, the pressing plate 5 has returned to its original position, and the rotary pulling blade 6 also stops rotating when the stacked core pole 2 has completely passed.

  Examples of actual devices according to the present invention are shown in FIGS. FIG. 2 is a plan view in which a pedestal 9 is placed on the floor surface, and a pressing plate 5 is placed on the right side of the upper surface of the pedestal 9. The push plate 5 can be moved by a hydraulic cylinder 20 protruding from the right end of the pedestal 9, but the length of the iron core coil structure 1 brought in here is various, and the initial position of the push plate 5 can be adjusted. It has become. Specifically, a space is secured inside the pedestal 9 and a rack 26 having teeth formed on the upper surface is disposed here, and the hydraulic cylinder 20 can move by a predetermined stroke. Further, teeth for meshing with the upper surface of the rack 26 are formed at the bottom of the push plate 5, and the push plate 5 can be moved in accordance with the movement of the rack 26. When the push plate 5 is lifted to release the mesh with the rack 26, it can move in the longitudinal direction, and the initial position can be adjusted according to the size of the iron core coil structure 1.

  The fixed plate 4 is provided on the pedestal 9 so as to face the pressing plate 5, and the fixed plate 4 is integrated with the pedestal 9 and is immovable. In addition, a gate-shaped frame 12 is placed in the center of the pedestal 9 in order to mount the rotary pulling blade 6, and a conveyor 13 in which a large number of rollers are arranged is placed on the left side of the pedestal 9 in order to place the drawn core pole 2. It has. FIG. 3 is a side view, and the pressing plate 5 placed on the pedestal 9 meshes with the rack 26 below the pressing plate 5. The hydraulic cylinder 20 has a stroke sufficient to push the end of the core iron pole 2 into the coil 3. When the hydraulic cylinder 20 is operated, the push plate 5 moves via the rack 26. Also, in the figure, various devices are drawn around the frame 12, and these will be described in the explanation of other figures.

  FIG. 4 is a front view when the direction of the frame 12 is viewed from the push plate 5 side. The frame 12 placed on the pedestal 9 has a gate shape, and the central portion is opened to allow the core iron pole 2 to pass therethrough, and the fixing plate 4 is disposed adjacent to the opening. However, in this figure, partial drawing of the fixed plate 4 and the push plate 5 is omitted. A pair of the rotary drawing blades 6 are arranged so as to face each other with the center as a reference, and a mechanism is provided that allows the position of the rotary drawing blade 6 to be freely adjusted according to the size of the core coil structure 1. Specifically, a total of four main rails 16 are laid on the side surface of the frame 12, and a main guide block 18 that is movable by engaging with the main rails 16 is attached to the back surface of the main slider 14. Therefore, the main slider 14 is movable in the vertical direction. The main slider 14 has a shape that is divided into left and right parts, but these are integrated, and the height can be freely adjusted by an elevating device 21 attached to the upper center of the frame 12. Yes.

  The main slider 14 is provided with four sub rails 17 in total, two on each of the left and right sides. A sub guide block 19 is engaged with these, and the two left and right sub sliders 15 are connected to the sub rails 17. Can move horizontally. The sub-slider 15 incorporates a motor 8 incorporating a speed reducer, and the rotation is transmitted to the rotary pulling blade 6 via a gear 25. In order to move the sub slider 15 in the horizontal direction, a handle 27 and a shaft 28 connected to the handle 27 are provided. A screw is machined on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 28, and a nut provided on the main slider 14. 29 is screwed. Further, the end of the shaft 28 is connected to the rod of the air cylinder 22 attached to the sub slider 15. When the handle 27 is rotated, the shaft 28 moves in the horizontal direction, and the sub slider is moved via the air cylinder 22. 15 can be moved. The air cylinder 22 is incorporated in order to adjust the load acting on the rotary pulling blade 6 between the sub slider 15 and the shaft 28, the internal pressure is maintained at a constant state, and the stacked iron core pole 2 is sandwiched. Only when the rod is pushed by the load.

  After placing the core coil structure 1 on the pedestal 9, the rotary core 6 is used after the stacked core pole 2 is pushed out by the push plate 5. Prior to this use, the shape of the core coil structure 1 is changed. It is necessary to make adjustments accordingly. Therefore, first, the main slider 14 is moved up and down by the lifting device 21 so that the center of the stacked core pole 2 and the height of the rotary extraction blade 6 are aligned, and then the motor 8 is started to rotate the rotary extraction blade 6. . When the handle 27 is manually turned and the sub slider 15 is pushed in, the rotary extraction blade 6 is engaged with the stacked iron core pole 2. At this time, the load acting on the rotary extraction blade 6 is optimized by the air cylinder 22. Since it is maintained, there is no slippage or biting and no immobilization. The handle 27 needs to be operated separately on the left and right.

  The core coil structure 1 disassembled by the present invention has various sizes, but the flank 23 provided on the fixed plate 4 is as large as possible so as not to contact the core pole 2 in any case. It is cut out. FIG. 5 shows a case where the iron core coil structure 1 having a different size is brought into the fixed plate 4 having the same shape. In any case, a portion near the bottom of the end face of the coil 3 is in contact with the fixed plate 4. The movement of the coil 3 is restricted, and the product core pole 2 can pass through the flank 23.

  The iron core coil structure 1 applied to the present invention is originally coupled to the yoke 30, and the plurality of iron coil structures 1 are integrated by the yoke 30 and function as a transformer. At this time, there are various shapes and connecting methods of the iron core pole 2 and the yoke 30, and FIG. 6 shows an example of this. As described above, the end surfaces of the iron core pole 2 and the yoke 30 may be formed by a flat straight line as shown in FIG. 6A, but may have an inclined surface as shown in FIG. It may be a sharp shape. Thus, even when the end face of the iron core pole 2 has a sharp shape, the method of using the pressing plate 5 and the rotary pulling blade 6 together as in the present invention can be handled without any problem and is excellent in versatility.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to disassemble an iron core coil structure, it is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the method and the apparatus for pulling out a core iron pole, (A) is the initial stage of a process, (B) is the middle stage of a process, (C ) Indicates the final stage of the process. It is a top view which shows the structural example of the apparatus by this invention. It is a side view which shows the structural example of the apparatus by this invention. It is a front view which shows the structural example of the apparatus by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state of a fixed plate and a contact of a coil, (A) is a case where a small iron core coil structure is brought in, (B) shows a case where a large iron core coil structure is brought in. . It is a figure which shows the example of the shape of the iron core coil structure disassembled by this invention, and a yoke, (A) is the end surface of a stacked iron core pole flat, (B) is the end surface of a stacked iron core pole becomes an inclined surface. ing.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Iron core coil structure 2 Stack iron core pole 3 Coil 4 Fixing plate (fixing means)
5 Pressing plate 6 Rotating pulling blade 7 Pressing means 8 Motor 9 Base 10 One end surface (pressing plate side)
11 Other end surface (fixed plate side)
12 Frame 13 Conveyor 14 Main slider 15 Sub slider 16 Main rail 17 Sub rail 18 Main guide block 19 Sub guide block 20 Hydraulic cylinder 21 Lifting device 22 Air cylinder 23 Flank 24 Blade 25 Gear 26 Rack 27 Handle 28 Shaft 29 Nut 30 Yoke

Claims (3)

  The end surface of the core iron pole (2) protruding from one end surface (10) of the iron core coil structure (1) fixed on the pedestal (9) is pressed by the pressing means (7), and the other end surface is accordingly accompanied. Increasing the protruding length of the stacked core pole (2) on the (11) side is sandwiched between a pair of rotary pulling blades (6) and pulling the stacked core pole (2) toward the other end surface (11) side A method for pulling a core iron pole, wherein the rotary core blade (6) is rotated and the core iron pole (2) is withdrawn from the coil (3).   A pedestal (9) for placing the iron core coil structure (1) and a fixing means for fixing the coil (3) placed on the pedestal (9) at least in the axial direction of the core iron pole (2) ( 4), a pressing means (7) for pressing one end face (10) side of the core iron pole (2), and the other end face (11) side of the core iron pole (2) pushed out by the pressing means (7) And a pair of rotary pulling blades (6) for pulling the stacked iron core pole (2) to the other end face (11) side.   3. The stacked iron core according to claim 2, wherein the installation position of each rotary pulling blade (6) can be freely adjusted in two axial directions perpendicular to the axial center direction of the stacked core pole (2). Pole pulling device.

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