JP4423337B1 - Rain leak inspection method and apparatus for building - Google Patents

Abstract

An inspection method and apparatus for detecting an infiltration destination of rainwater easily and accurately.
SOLUTION: A clay material having plasticity, adhesiveness, and water resistance is prepared, and the clay material is watertight along a contact surface around the exterior of a building where a cause of rain leakage is assumed to exist. It is a rain leak inspection method for a building, and an inspection apparatus used therefor, characterized in that a liquid receiving member is molded by pressing and liquid is injected into the liquid receiving member to detect the cause of the rain leak.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for inspecting a location causing rain leakage of a building and an apparatus used therefor.

  Currently, a security guarantee system has been established for newly constructed properties, and for properties that have already been used, the guarantee of security is clearly stated in the renovation of homes and sales contracts for used properties. Yes. Rain leaks can be mentioned as the trap of the building, but measures against rain leak damage and environmental improvements have been delayed, and the current situation is that nothing has been done. With regard to the leaking of buildings, a method of accurately inspecting the causative part has been desired.

  Conventionally, as a method of inspecting a location causing a rain leak in a building, first, a method of inspecting the leak location directly by spraying colored water in order from the bottom of the location where the cause of the rain leak is assumed to exist. (For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  As another inspection method, there is provided a method in which gas is filled in a room and discharged from a location causing rain leakage (for example, Patent Document 3). As another inspection method, there is provided a method of inspecting a place where a rain pool has occurred using a neutron source from the outside of a building (for example, Patent Document 4). As another inspection method, fluorescent dyes and fluorescent pigments that are aqueous solutions are used, and an ultraviolet irradiation device is used in the state of aqueous solutions that ooze out in the dark under the ceiling and under the floor inside the building. (For example, Patent Documents 5 and 6), and using an aqueous solution containing heavy metal, a method of analyzing an aqueous solution sprayed on an exterior portion and leaked to an interior portion or the like (for example, Patent Document 7).

Japanese Patent No. 4085024 Japanese Patent No. 3452311 JP 2006-30101 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-51799 Japanese Patent No. 1964971 JP 2000-88692 A JP 2004-219157 A

  However, in the inspection methods of Patent Documents 1 and 2, both are spraying water over a wide area and trying to identify the location of the location that causes a rough leak in the area, so there is a cause of the leak Even if there is a limited part that can be assumed, it is not possible to identify and inspect the part. In addition, it may be impossible to distinguish from the previously inspected part because water may be applied to the part that has already been inspected and the part that causes continuous rain leaks by spraying water. It is difficult to identify a specific part.

  Furthermore, since only a rough amount of water is sprayed over a wide area, there is a case where water does not sufficiently enter a location causing rain leakage in the inspection, and rain leakage may not occur. In this case, it is impossible to grasp the water that has entered the building even though the water stays inside, and it is impossible to accurately detect the presence or absence of rain leakage. In addition, depending on the situation of the rain leak, it may be necessary to spray a large amount of water over a long period of time. In this case, it is not easy to identify the location causing the rain leak even though the presence or absence of the rain leak can be detected. Can be guessed.

  In addition, these inspection methods are subject to inspection due to the fact that it may be difficult to spread water, especially colored water, over a wide area to buildings that are currently used for residences, etc. There are restrictions on possible buildings and inspection locations.

The inspection method using the gas of Patent Document 3 cannot be inspected for a wooden structure, a structure that conforms to the structure, and a structure having a light steel structure, and the inspection object is substantially a part of the reinforced concrete structure and the steel structure of the structure. For example, there is a problem that the structure is limited to a specific structure such as an RC structure, a precast construction method, a steel structure, or a specific facility such as a parking lot building or a bridge. In the inspection method of Patent Document 4, it is difficult to verify the rain leakage phenomenon, and it is difficult to distinguish between a location where there is no rain pool or a dew condensation phenomenon, which may lead to misdiagnosis.
In the inspection methods of Patent Documents 5 and 6, it is practically impossible to investigate only the extreme part of the inspection location that is considered to be the destination of rainwater, and it is difficult to verify the rain leakage phenomenon.・ There is a problem in the analysis of the effects of rain leaks on buildings. In the inspection method of Patent Document 7, since there are various types of building materials used, it is necessary to consider the residents, such as the possibility of harmful effects on quality maintenance and measures against metal allergies. Buildings used may not be able to be implemented, and inspection methods that rely on the subjectivity of the inspector still have the risk of causing new damage.

  With such inspection methods, it is extremely difficult to accurately identify the location where rainwater enters, and only a small amount of information can be obtained. For this reason, it is apt to make a diagnosis of building leaks based on subjective information based on a small amount of information. As a result, with regard to the solution of rain leaks, the problem is not limited to repair work only by the elimination method, and the problem cannot be solved over a long period of time. There is also a possibility of causing harmful effects.

Therefore, the inventor can accurately identify and inspect the location where the cause of the rain leak is assumed to be present in the rain leak inspection, and can easily and accurately detect the cause of the rain leak. We have conducted extensive research to develop a rain leak inspection method and inspection device that can inspect the structure, situation, and location of buildings. As a result , it can be installed in a short time by a simple pressing operation using clay material, and a rain leak is provided by providing a member for injecting liquid to a specific location and detecting the change in the amount of injected liquid The idea of solving these problems has been obtained by a new inspection method and inspection apparatus for detecting the cause of the above, and the present invention has been completed.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the following method is adopted in the rain leak inspection method for buildings and the rain leak inspection apparatus for buildings used therefor according to the present invention.

That is, the rain leak inspection method of the present invention provides a clay material made of an oil clay containing oils and fats having plasticity, adhesiveness, and water resistance, and the exterior of a building that is assumed to have a location causing rain leak. The clay material is pressed in a watertight manner along the contact surface around the part so as to conform to the irregularities and steps of the contact surface, and then the clay material pressed to the contact surface is plate-shaped. A liquid receiving member having an opening is formed by extending the range of pressing by pressing the cover member in a watertight manner and thinly deforming the clay material, and liquid is injected into the liquid receiving member from the opening. Then, the location causing the rain leakage is detected, and thereafter, the clay material is peeled off with a force for peeling the clay material from the contact surface.

According to this rain leak inspection method, it is assumed that there is a cause of rain leak based on cracks, stains, peeling of materials, etc. in the exterior part by intensively inspecting the exterior part that usually has a lot of rain leaks by observing the building. To do. The clay material is pressed against the surrounding surface of the assumed exterior portion in a watertight manner by generating a grip force in a form that adapts to unevenness and steps due to its plasticity and adhesiveness. By extending the clay material along the contact surface and pressing the plate-like cover member against the clay material, the gripping force is further enhanced, and the adhesion is strengthened by the large surface area. Watertightness is ensured. By providing watertightness, a liquid receiving member that does not leak liquid to the outside between the exterior surface is formed. By injecting liquid into the liquid receiving member, the liquid flows from the exterior part into a crack or the like that causes rain leakage, and the amount of the liquid is detected to detect that the crack or the like is the cause of rain leakage. The thickness of the liquid receiving space is almost the same as the thickness of the clay material, and the clay material is pressed against the plate-like cover member and pressed to be crushed and formed into a thin plate gap. Becomes small and a small amount of liquid spreads through the cracks. As a result, a rain leak is detected at some limited positions to be inspected, and the location causing the rain leak is accurately identified. Since the clay material has such adhesiveness that it can be peeled off with a force that is strong enough to peel off with a finger, it can be peeled off after use.
If there is no change in the amount of liquid even if cracks exist, it is detected that there is no location causing rain leakage.

  According to this rain leak inspection method, the presence or absence of rain leak and the location that causes water leakage can be confirmed by checking the change in the liquid volume from the exterior side without performing the inspection from the indoor side where the leak of rain leak enters. Identified.

According to this rain leak inspection method, the cover member is pressed onto the clay material, and the range of pressing is expanded by deforming the clay material thinly. By providing a thin liquid receiving space with a small volume, inspection can be performed even if the amount of liquid is reduced. Since the clay material is plastically deformed and exhibits adhesiveness with the cover member, water tightness is ensured in the liquid receiving container. At that time, for example, when a permeable material is selected as the cover member, the change of the liquid can be visually observed through the cover member. In addition, when a thin plate material is selected as the cover member, the exterior part and the cover member are sandwiched via a clay material, so that the liquid receiving member is formed in a thin and small form and can be inspected even with a small amount of liquid. Become.

In addition, the rain leak inspection method of the present invention provides a clay material made of oil clay containing oils and fats having plasticity, adhesiveness and water resistance, and the exterior of a building that is assumed to have a location causing rain leak. and along the core die on contact surface parts, press the clay material in a watertight so adapt to the irregularities and the step of contact surfaces around the exterior by pressing so as to go looking follicles along a said middle mold And then extending the pressing range while extending the clay material along the contact surface, and after removing the core mold, forming a liquid receiving member having an opening with the clay material, A liquid is injected into the liquid receiving member from the opening to detect a location causing the rain leakage, and thereafter, the liquid material is peeled by a force for peeling the clay material from the contact surface.

According to this leaking inspection method, by being-assembled watertight contact surface by pressing a clay material so as to go looking follicles along a core mold, the range of being-assembled is expanded. There are inspection places where it is difficult to put fingertips in the narrow exterior part of the building that is supposed to cause rain leaks, and there are inspection places where accuracy is required for pressing in the exterior part over the length. The liquid receiving member can be formed using a core mold at the inspection location. It is inspected regardless of the shape such as a flat or curved surface, regardless of the angle of the elongated exterior part, the part where the crack is elongated, the horizontal, vertical, or inclination of the exterior part of the building. In addition, when it is assumed that a plurality of inspection points are close to the exterior part, it is possible to cope with them collectively by using a core type.
Note that the length and size of the liquid receiving member can be freely adjusted by selecting the core type.

  The rain leak inspection method of the present invention is characterized in that when the liquid is injected into the liquid receiving member and the cause of the rain leak is detected, the amount of the injected liquid is measured.

  According to this rain leak inspection method, information on the amount of liquid flowing into a location causing rain leak is obtained, and the size and path of a crack causing rain leak are inspected.

Next, the rain leak inspection apparatus of the present invention is an oil clay containing oil and fat having plasticity, adhesiveness, and water resistance on the contact surface around the exterior part of the building where it is assumed that a location causing rain leak exists. A clay material made of is pressed in a watertight manner so that it conforms to the irregularities and steps of the contact surface along the surrounding contact surface, and a plate-shaped cover member is pressed in a watertight manner on the clay material. The liquid receiving member is formed by extending a range in which the clay material is thinly deformed and pressed, and an opening for injecting liquid into the liquid receiving member, and the liquid receiving member tries to peel the clay material. It is separated by force.

According to this rain leak inspection device, the clay material is pressed in a watertight manner so that it conforms to the irregularities and steps on the contact surface around the exterior, and the clay material is stretched along the contact surface, and a plate-like cover is attached to the clay material. member by the expanding the range of being-assembled by being-assembled, further is exerted grip, has a liquid receiving member adhesion, which is formed thinner Ri Do firmly by surface area, the liquid received from the opening A liquid for inspection is injected into the member, and the presence or absence of a location causing rain leakage is inspected for a limited specific range, and a rain leakage inspection device that can be easily peeled off after use is obtained.

The rain leak inspection apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that the liquid receiving member is formed of the clay material that is thinly deformed and expanded, and a cover member that is pressed against the clay material in a watertight manner. And

According to this rain leak inspection apparatus, the size and shape of the liquid receiving member are specified by the cover member, and the inspection range is determined. Further, the water-tightness of the liquid receiving member when the cover member is used is ensured by the plasticity, adhesiveness, and water resistance of the clay material. By providing a thin liquid receiving space with a small volume, inspection can be performed even if the amount of liquid is reduced.

Next, the rain leak inspection apparatus according to the present invention has a core type that is placed along the contact surface of the exterior part of the building that is supposed to have a location causing rain leak, and is detachably pressed, and has plasticity and adhesiveness. A clay material made of oil clay containing oil and fat having water resistance is pressed watertight along the contact surface along the outer periphery of the core mold so as to adapt to the irregularities and steps of the contact surface. It said clay material comprises an opening for injecting the liquid receiving member range being-assembled stretched along the contact surface is formed by expanded the liquid to the liquid receiving member after removal of the core mold with the above The liquid receiving member is peeled off by a force for peeling off the clay material.

According to this rain leak inspection device, the length and size can be freely selected for a narrow exterior part of a building that is supposed to have a location causing rain leaks or an inspection part of the exterior part that extends along the length. Using the mold, the liquid receiving member is molded to correspond to the exact position, range, and shape of the inspection location. In addition, when it is assumed that a plurality of inspection points are close to the exterior part, it is possible to cope with them collectively by using a core type.

Next , the rain leak inspection apparatus of the present invention is an oil or fat having plasticity, adhesiveness, and water resistance on the contact surface around the exterior portion of the corner of the building where it is assumed that a location causing rain leak exists. A clay material made of oil clay containing water is pressed in a watertight manner so as to conform to the irregularities and steps of the contact surface along the peripheral contact surface, and is convex to anastomosed the clay material to the corner A liquid receiving member in which a cover member having a longitudinal section of a mold is pressed in a watertight manner and the clay material is thinly deformed and pressed, and an opening for injecting liquid into the liquid receiving member is provided. And the liquid receiving member is peeled off by a force for peeling off the clay material .

According to this rain leak inspection apparatus, since the cover member has a shape along the corner of the building, a space capable of receiving the liquid is formed by the clay material and the cover member, and the liquid is uniformly injected into the exterior portion. In the state where the water-tightness of the liquid receiving member is ensured, the corner portion of the exterior portion is inspected.

Next, the rain leak inspection apparatus of the present invention is an oil or fat having plasticity, adhesiveness, and water resistance on the contact surface around the exterior portion of the projecting corner portion of the building that is assumed to have a location causing rain leak, etc. A concave material in which a clay material comprising oil clay is pressed in a watertight manner so as to conform to the irregularities and steps of the contact surface along the peripheral contact surface and is anastomosed with the clay material at the protruding corner A liquid receiving member in which a cover member having a vertical cross section is pressed in a watertight manner and the clay material is deformed thinly to extend the pressing range, and an opening for injecting liquid into the liquid receiving member. The liquid receiving member is peeled off by a force for peeling off the clay material .

According to this rain leak inspection apparatus, since the cover member has a shape along the corner of the building, a space capable of receiving the liquid is formed by the clay material and the cover member, and the liquid is uniformly injected into the exterior portion. In the state where the water tightness of the liquid receiving member is ensured, the protruding corner portion in the exterior portion is inspected.

Further, the rain leak inspection apparatus according to the present invention is configured so that the periphery of the exterior part of the building assumed to be the cause of the rain leak and the upper part of the surrounding contact surface are opened upward along the contact surface . The contact surface between the contact surface and a clay material made of oily clay containing oil and fat having plasticity, tackiness, and water resistance, which is pressed in a watertight manner so as to conform to the unevenness and steps of the surrounding contact surface. A pocket-shaped liquid receiving member is provided with a gap on the inside, and has a clay material protrusion that expands the range of pressing by extending the pocket-shaped outer periphery in an edge shape along the contact surface. It is characterized by.

According to this rain leak inspection apparatus , it is possible to obtain a rain leak inspection apparatus having a simple structure made of clay material and capable of forming a liquid receiving member in a short time and in a short time. In addition, with this rain leak inspection apparatus, liquid can be injected as it is from the upper opening, and the presence or absence of the rain leak can be easily detected by visually inspecting the injected liquid from the opening. The pressed clay material creates a grip force with the contact surface and is pressed tightly, and the pocket-shaped outer periphery extends along the contact surface into an edge shape. Adhesion is strengthened by expanding the wearing range. By providing watertightness, a liquid receiving member that does not leak liquid to the outside between the exterior surface is formed.

  The rain leak inspection apparatus of the present invention is characterized by comprising an injection amount measuring device for measuring the injection amount of the liquid.

  According to this rain leak inspection apparatus, since the injection amount measuring device is provided, the injection amount of the liquid can be grasped easily and accurately, and the injection amount can be controlled.

According to the rain leak inspection method for a building according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a liquid receiving member that does not leak liquid around the assumed leak point of the exterior part of the building, and whether to leak by injecting liquid only into the assumed point. It can be inspected. In addition, since the clay material is pressed into the exterior surface in accordance with the surface roughness and shape of the exterior, the grip between the clay material and the exterior is improved, and at the same time, the adhesion is enhanced by the increased surface area due to the surface roughness. adhesive that is strong and Do Ri, in addition, the clay material causing further grip by extending the range of being-assembled while stretched along the contact surface, is supported against the liquid receiving member to the weight and sex, so watertight is ensured, it can be provided by simply forming the respective liquid receiving member without peeling off from the exterior. Moreover, the presence or absence of rain leakage can be easily inspected by injecting a liquid and visually inspecting from the exterior side.
In addition, when the liquid receiving member is simply formed into a pocket shape with a clay material, it can be effectively implemented in a simple test performed in a short time, a provisional test performed before the main test, or the like.

According to the building rain leak inspection apparatus according to the present invention, the clay material is made into the surface roughness and shape of the exterior portion of each place no matter where the location where the cause of the rain leak exists is present in the exterior portion of the building. since familiarizing to being-assembled, the Ri Do firmly adhesion by simultaneously surface area when the grip is improved in the clay material and the various places, in addition, the scope of being-assembled while stretched along the contact surface of said clay material By extending the, the grip force is further generated and the liquid receiving member can be supported against the weight, and the adhesiveness and watertightness are secured, so it is easily equipped with a liquid receiving member that does not peel off from various places be able to. In addition, since the liquid receiving member is molded by pressing the clay material, there is an advantage that it can be equipped each time according to the convenience of each place.
In addition, when providing a liquid receiving member in a pocket shape with a clay material, it can install simply and it can implement as apparatuses, such as a simple test and a temporary test.

  Embodiment (1) of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram in which the rain leak inspection method and apparatus according to the embodiment (1) are installed at various locations on a building exterior, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the apparatus, and FIG. (A) is a side view showing when the apparatus is installed, (B) is a longitudinal sectional view showing injection of liquid into the apparatus, (C) is an enlarged sectional view of the main part of (B), and FIG. Is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the clay material constituting the apparatus before pressing, (B) is a plan view showing the pressing of the clay material constituting the apparatus around an assumed location, and (C) is the same apparatus. The expanded sectional view which shows the pressing of the clay material to perform, (D) is the principal part expanded sectional view which pressed the cover member to the clay material which comprises the apparatus.

In the rain leak inspection method of the embodiment (1), the cause of the rain leak is inspected from the exterior part 4 of the building 1 where they are supposed to exist. The causes of rain leakage are various factors that cause rainwater to enter the inside of the building 1 from the outside, for example, cracks generated in the material of the exterior part 4 of the building 1 and peeling of the material. Then, it actually communicates from the outside of the building 1 and creates a path for rainwater. As a result, it includes those in which water leaks in the interior part, and those in which the accumulation occurs in the interior of the structure. Assuming that it exists, the exterior part 4 that often causes the leakage of the rain is visually inspected in the building 1, and based on cracks 14, stains, material peeling, etc. in the exterior part 4, It is possible to predict the possibility of the cause of rain leakage. Building 1, including housing, building, facilities construction and widely. Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the exterior portion 4 includes the building 1 such as an outer wall, an inner wall, a vertical wall, a horizontal wall, an inclined wall, a ceiling, a roofing material, a building material, a waterproof portion, a seam, a joint portion thereof, and the like. The constituent parts are widely included, and the material thereof may be wood such as wood or paper, metal such as rebar, various kinds such as mortar and concrete, composite thereof, joint part, and the like. The periphery 44 of the exterior part 4 to be inspected is an outer peripheral region surrounding the crack 14 and the like. The inspection refers to obtaining the information on the cause of the rain leak from the building 1 by detecting the existence of the cause of the rain leak, the state and the nature of the cause of the rain leak. The detection includes confirming the presence or absence of the cause of the rain leak and obtaining information about the cause of the rain leak by measurement.

  In the embodiment (1), the rain leak inspection apparatus 2 used in the rain leak inspection method will be described first. As shown in FIG. 2, this rain leak inspection apparatus 2 provides water resistance, plasticity, and adhesiveness along the contact surface around the periphery 44 of the exterior portion 4 of the building 1 where the cause of the rain leak is assumed to exist. A liquid receiving member 5 formed by water-tightly pressing a clay material 8 is provided, and an opening 7 for injecting a liquid 6 into the liquid receiving member 5 is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the rain leak inspection apparatus 2 is for inspecting by injecting a liquid, but can be combined with the injection amount measuring apparatus 3.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the rain leak inspection apparatus 2, the clay material 8 is formed in an annular shape so as to correspond to the periphery 44, and the cover member 9 is pressed against the clay material 8 in a watertight manner to form the liquid receiving member 5. The liquid receiving member 5 is provided with a trumpet-shaped opening 7 that opens upward in the cover member 9 via the communication tube 10.

  The clay material 8 is a material such as clay having plasticity, adhesiveness, and water resistance. Plasticity refers to the property of deforming freely when a force exceeding the elastic limit is applied, and maintaining its shape when no force is applied. Here, the elastic limit has a shape-retaining force that supports the clay material 8, its own weight, and the liquid receiving member 5 against their weight, but means that it can be deformed by a pressing force of a fingertip or the like. . Adhesiveness is a sticky property and is a property that can exert adhesive force when it comes into contact with other objects. Here, when pressed against an object with a finger or the like, it adheres to the object without any gaps, and adheres with its own weight or the force that supports the liquid receiving member 5 against its weight. Adhesiveness to such an extent that it can be peeled off is desirable. Water resistance means that it does not dissolve in water or absorbs water naturally and changes its properties so that it does not melt when exposed to the liquid 6 and its shape does not collapse, thus maintaining water tightness. be able to.

The clay material 8 having such properties is preferably water-containing clay or the like from the viewpoint of handling. Here, clay widely refers to a material composed of fine particles that exhibit viscosity and plasticity when an appropriate amount of water is contained, and mainly contains a large amount of silicon. In particular, what is called oil clay containing a lot of oils and fats such as paraffin and wax, after containing an appropriate amount of water, absorbs water and softens extremely unless it is kneaded, or becomes plastic by drying. This is suitable because it will not lose much . Contact name substance used clay material 8, for use in buildings, harmless as possible the human body and the environment is desirable.

  As the clay material 8, silicon 43 W / V%, zinc stearate 28 W is satisfied as a material that satisfies the above-mentioned conditions in terms of water resistance, plasticity, and adhesiveness, is particularly easy to peel off after use, and is less harmful to the human body. / V%, liquid paraffin 13W / V%, carillon 10W / V% and other clays are used.

  The clay material 8 is pressed against the surface of the exterior portion 4 of the building 1 in a watertight manner along the contact surface. Here, “pressed” means being adhered to the surface of the exterior portion 4 while applying an operation of being deformed so as to adapt to the surface roughness shape or fine irregularities.

  The liquid receiving member 5 is a member for injecting the inspection liquid 6. By this injection, the liquid 6 spreads to the crack 14 of the exterior part 4 and the presence or absence of the cause of the rain leak is detected. The liquid receiving member 5 has a liquid receiving space 55 in contact with the exterior portion 4. The liquid receiving space 55 is a space surrounded by the exterior portion 4 and the liquid receiving member 5 and is a space filled with the liquid 6 injected into the liquid receiving member 5. In other words, the liquid 6 is made into the crack 14. This is the part that spreads. Since it is desirable that the amount of the liquid 6 staying in the liquid receiving member 5 is small, the liquid receiving space 55 is desirably as small as possible, and has a plate gap shape surrounded by the exterior portion 4 and the clay material 8. Yes.

  In this embodiment (1), as shown in FIG. 4B, the cover member 9 is pressed against the clay material 8 pressed around the periphery 44 of the exterior portion 4 in a watertight manner, and the cover member 9 and the exterior portion 4 are Since the liquid receiving space 55 is provided therebetween, the liquid receiving member 5 including the clay material 8 and the cover member 9 is provided. Although the cover member 9 and the clay material 8 are adhered due to the adhesiveness of the clay material 8, there is no gap between them, and the clay material 8 is deformed due to plasticity and water-resistant, so that it is in a watertight state. It is sticky.

  The cover member 9 may be made of any material that is not difficult to process and is not easily contaminated or deteriorated by water or the liquid 6 used for inspection. For example, synthetic resin, glass, painted metal, hard rubber, and the like can be selected. Further, since the cover member 9 is more preferably made of a material such as a transparent or translucent material in which the amount of liquid inside can be seen, an acrylic resin material that can be made transparent is particularly desirable.

The size of the cover member 9 and the shape such as a circle or a rectangle can be appropriately selected according to the purpose of inspection and the situation of the exterior portion 4 of the building 1. Cover member 9 is also be flat as shown in FIG. 4 (A), but may be of such a dish shape with the volume of the liquid, it is as close as flat as possible in order to further reduce the liquid receiving space 55 desirable. In addition, when the cover member 9 is made of a material in which the amount of liquid in the interior can be visually observed, a scale can be provided so that the water level and content can be easily observed.

  In the example shown in FIG. 4, a substantially flat disk made of a transparent acrylic resin and having a diameter of 6 cm is used for the cover member 9. The cover member 9 is pressed against the clay material 8 pressed around the periphery 44 of the exterior part 4 so that the disk surfaces of the exterior part 4 and the cover member 9 are substantially parallel. The thickness of the liquid receiving space 55 is formed substantially by the thickness of the clay material 8 and is pressed and crushed, so that the volume of the liquid receiving space 55 is small.

As shown in FIG. 4 (C), the surface of the exterior part 4 of the building generally has a level difference due to the large and small irregularities such as the concave surface 45a and the convex surface 45b and the overlap of the exterior plates, but due to the deformation of the clay material 8 The clay material 8 is pressed along the contact surface so as to enter the concave surface 45a. By pressing the cover member 9 in a watertight manner through the clay material 8 that absorbs these irregularities, the liquid receiving member 5 can be installed in the periphery 44 where the crack 14 of the exterior portion 4 exists.

  The opening 7 is for pouring the liquid 6 into the liquid receiving member 5. The opening 7 may allow the liquid 6 to be directly injected or may be connected to the injection amount measuring device 3. As shown in FIG. 4, the position of the communication pipe 10 is a substantially intermediate portion, but it is desirable that the communication pipe 10 be provided slightly above the liquid receiving member 5. When the liquid 6 is injected, the water level rises from the lower part of the liquid receiving space 55. Therefore, if the hole is in the lower part, if there is a crack 14 or the like in the lower part of the outer part 4 to be inspected, the outer part 4 This is because the liquid 6 may flow into the crack 14 before the liquid 6 reaches the upper part of the surface. It is more desirable that the communication pipe 10 is provided with a reinforcing member 99 at the intersection of the cover member 9, and these are made of a material such as transparent or translucent that allows the amount of liquid inside to be visually observed, and the water level is visually checked. An easy-to-use scale can be provided.

  The opening 7 is a means for detecting the change of the liquid 6 as it is because the amount of the injected liquid 6 can be confirmed as a change in the water level of the opening 7. In addition, since it has a funnel shape, the amount of liquid inside is roughly visible from above, so that the change can be confirmed more easily.

  The injection amount measuring device 3 measures the injection amount of the liquid 6. The apparatus for injecting the liquid 6 may be a direct water pipe or a small / large container, from which the liquid 6 can be introduced. However, as a means for measuring the injection amount of the liquid 6, it is necessary to accurately measure the amount. is there. For this purpose, it is more desirable to provide means for accurately adjusting the amount to be injected. In this embodiment (1), the injection amount measuring device 3 includes a meter 11 that is a means for measuring the injection amount of the liquid, a valve 12 that can measure the presence / absence and amount of injection, and an injection tube 61 that injects the liquid 6. And a container 13 provided. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the meter 11 uses a water flow meter, the valve 12 uses a fluororesin open / close cock, the injection pipe 61 uses a polyethylene 10 mm diameter tube, and the container 13 uses a polystyrene 1 l capacity container. .

As the liquid 6, it is necessary to use a liquid that causes minimal harm to the human body and the environment and harm to buildings such as houses. You may use the water which satisfy | fills these conditions and is easy to supply, especially tap water.
In particular, when a plurality of tests are performed and the cause of the rain leak is already diagnosed in the previous test, it may be difficult to distinguish the water injected in the previous test. In such a case, it is particularly effective to use an aqueous solution or liquid other than water as one of the methods for facilitating the test. As a particularly useful example of the liquid, an emulsion-based liquid mainly composed of an acrylic synthetic resin diluted 4 to 5 times with water can be used. This liquid is milky white, has a certain waterproofing effect when dried after the injection test, and is less harmful to the human body. In addition, for example, other liquids having coloring, fluorescence, or other special colors as described in Patent Documents 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7 may be used. In the example shown in the figure, the liquid 6 is tap water, filled in the injection amount measuring device 3 and used for inspection.

  Next, a rain leak inspection method using the rain leak inspection apparatus 2 will be described. In this rain leak inspection method, a clay material 8 having plasticity, adhesiveness, and water resistance is prepared, and the clay material 8 is provided around the crack 14 that is assumed to be the cause of the rain leak in the exterior portion 4 of the building 1. The liquid receiving member 5 is formed by watertight pressing along the contact surface, and the liquid 6 is injected into the liquid receiving member 5 to detect the cause of the rain leakage. The liquid receiving member 5 is formed by watertightly pressing the cover member 9 against the clay material 8 pressed on the periphery 44. When the liquid 6 is injected into the liquid receiving member 5 and the cause of the rain leak is detected, the amount of the injected liquid 6 is measured.

  Furthermore, installation of the rain leak inspection apparatus 2 will be described in detail. FIG. 5A shows a state before the clay material 8 is pressed against the surface of the exterior portion 4 of the building 1. Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the clay material 8 is prepared from the beginning in accordance with the shape of the periphery 44 of the exterior part 4 to be installed, for example, in the example shown in the figure, a ring-shaped material that matches the shape of the edge of the cover member 9 is prepared. It is stuck on the surface of part 4 of the building as it is. Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the cracks 14 of the exterior portion 4 are formed so that small lumps of clay materials 8a, 8b, 8c,. You may press to the circumference | surroundings 44 sequentially.

  As shown in FIG. 5C, when the clay material 8 is pressed in the direction A against the exterior portion 4 with a palm or a finger, the clay material 8 can be freely deformed with the force of pressing with the finger due to its plasticity. Therefore, it deforms along the shape of the contact surface 45. Further, at this time, even if there are fine irregularities on the contact surface 45 as shown in the figure, it is deformed so as to conform to the irregularities by being pressed against the shape, and the grip force is exhibited. Furthermore, when the force is not applied, the clay material 8 is retained in a deformed state along its surface due to its plasticity, and adheres to the surface as it is due to its adhesiveness and the grip force. . Unless the force of peeling with a finger is applied, the deformed shape and the adhesiveness to the contact surface 45 are not lost depending on its own weight or the weight of the liquid receiving member 2 described later.

  Further, the clay material 8 can be extended along the contact surface in the B direction after being pressed, and the range to be pressed can be expanded and changed. As shown in FIG. 5 (B), when a plurality of clay materials 8a, 8b, etc. in a small lump are installed, each is well stretched and bonded to each other, and blended together in a manner to knead the clay so that they are integrated. Is desirable. In addition, it is desirable that the gap between the clay materials 8a and 8b is particularly well pressed so that there is no gap between the contact surface 45.

  The operation of pressing the clay material 8 can be performed by pressing or plastic forming through another member or tool. Here, the range in which the clay material 8 is pressed finely is determined and deformed, and the contact surface 45 is also deformed. It is desirable to use the fingers of a hand that can be manipulated finely and flexibly in order to adjust well to the unevenness of the hand.

  After pressing the clay material 8, the cover member 9 is installed. By applying the surface 90 of the cover member 9 to the building to the clay material 8 and pressing it, the liquid receiving member 5 having the liquid receiving space 55 is made.

As shown in FIG. 5C, when the cover member 9 is pressed in the direction A as shown in FIG. 5D against the clay material 8 pressed against the contact surface 45, the cover member 9 is Since the shape and the surface are substantially flat, the cover member contact surface 46 and the clay material 8 adhere with a wide width. By pressing the cover member 9, the clay material 8 is further crushed along the B direction on the cover member contact surface 46. That is, the width L1 of the adhesive portion between the clay material 8 and the contact surface 45 and the width L2 of the adhesive portion between the cover member contact surface 46 are both wide. As a result, the area in contact with the clay material 8 is increased, and the clay material 8 is pressed in a watertight manner without a gap, and the adhesion force is increased.

  Although not shown, the cover member 9 can be opposed to the exterior portion 4, and the clay material 8 can be applied from the outside to the boundary between the cover member 9 and the exterior portion 4, and can be pressed from the outside so as to fill the surrounding gap. In addition, after the cover member 9 is pressed against the clay material 8 that has been affixed to the exterior portion 4 in advance, the clay material 8 can also be pressed so as to fill the gap.

  The injection amount measuring device 3 is installed so that the injection tube 61 faces the opening 7 of the rain leak inspection device 2. The injection amount measuring device 3 may be fixed with a stand or the like, or may be fixed to the exterior portion 4 of the building 1 using a tape or the like. When the inspection time is short or in a so-called provisional test in which only the presence or absence of rain leakage is checked, the injection amount measuring device 3 may be held by hand.

  Further, in order to facilitate inspection in high places and narrow places, the injection amount measuring device 3 is applied to a rod-like object having an expansion / contraction function, for example, a plastic rod or a glass fiber fishing rod having an expansion / contraction function. Can be used. For example, in the outer wall where the high and narrow places are to be inspected, it is easy to use the injection amount measuring device 3 in a narrow place where a ladder or the like cannot be built around the perimeter of the outer wall and the allowable height of the double ladder is 6 m or more. An inspection aid can be used.

  Next, an inspection method using the rain leak inspection apparatus 1 of the embodiment (1) will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, when the liquid 6 is injected into the opening 7 of the rain leak inspection device 2 using the injection amount measuring device 3, the liquid receiving member 5 and the exterior portion 4 are used as shown in FIG. The liquid 6 a flows into the liquid receiving space 55.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (B), when the liquid receiving member 5 and the liquid 6 having the volume of the communication pipe 10 are injected, if the crack 14 that causes rain leakage does not communicate with the exterior 4, The amount of 6a does not change. However, when the crack 14 communicates with the inside, a part of the liquid 6a flows in as the liquid 6b, and the liquid 6a in the liquid receiving space 55 decreases. That is, when it is recognized that the liquid 6a is decreasing, the liquid 6b has flowed into the interior side or the exterior portion through the crack 14 and through the crack 14. Here, in the example shown in FIG. 4B, the cover member 9 and the communication pipe 10 are made of a transparent material, and the internal liquid 6a can be visually observed. Therefore, the change in the amount of the liquid 6a can be visually observed. Therefore, only through the inspection from the side where the rain leak inspection apparatus 2 is installed, the exterior portion 4 of the building 1 in the range covered with the liquid receiving member 5 out of the inspection range passes through the crack 14 which is the cause of the rain leak. Can check for leaks. Even when the cover member 9 and the communication pipe 10 are not transparent, the decrease in the water level of the opening 7 is visible.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), the flow of the liquid 6b from the rain leak outlet 141 can be confirmed by observation from the interior side of the building 1, and the branching of the crack 14 and the state of the scale can be grasped. 14. It is possible to accurately take measures such as blocking the rain leak outlet 141. Further, it is possible to confirm the outflow of the liquid 6c from the rain leak outlet 142 located away from the position where the liquid receiving member 5 is attached. In this case, the exact position of the liquid receiving member 5 is determined. Since it is known, the state of the crack 14 extending from the injected portion to the rain leak outlet 142 can be grasped, which is useful as rain leak information.

  Furthermore, when the injection amount measuring device 3 is attached, the amount of the liquid 6 injected by the meter 11 can be measured. If more liquid than the total capacity of the liquid receiving space 55 and the opening 7 can be injected, rain leakage occurs. For example, the amount and speed of leakage of the liquids 6b and 6c leaking as rain leakage are detected from the injection capacity every hour. It is also possible to obtain information for knowing the scale and state of the crack 14.

  Next, the embodiment (2) will be described. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rain leak inspection apparatus according to the embodiment (2), FIG. 7A is a longitudinal sectional view when the apparatus is installed, FIG. 7B is a longitudinal sectional view when liquid is injected in the apparatus, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the apparatus is installed on a substantially horizontal exterior part. In addition, about an overlapping part, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In this rain leak inspection apparatus 20, the liquid receiving member 50 is provided in a pocket shape or an upward U-shape with the exterior portion 4 and the clay material 8 pressed onto the exterior portion 4 with the opening 70 as the upper portion.

In this embodiment (2), as shown in FIG. 6, the clay material 8 is pressed onto the periphery 440 of the exterior part 4 in a watertight state with the upper part as an opening 70. At the time of installation, as shown in FIG. 7 (A), when the clay material 8 is pressed, it is pressed with a finger, and the clay material protruding portion 80 is stretched in an edge shape on the outer periphery in contact with the exterior portion 4, The width area is widened so as to maintain water tightness between the exterior portion 4 and adhesiveness that does not peel off.

  All the liquid receiving members 50 are formed of the clay material 8, and the clay material 8 is put on the periphery 440 of the crack 14 of the exterior portion 4, and is pressed along the contact surface shape. A gap between the material 8 and the exterior portion 4 is provided, and this gap is a liquid receiving space 550.

  The shape of the periphery around which the clay material 8 is pressed may be a substantially semicircular shape, a vertically long or a horizontally long semi-elliptical shape, a rectangle, or any other shape that matches the shape of the periphery 440 of the crack 14.

  The opening 70 of the liquid receiving member 50 may be of any size and shape that allows the liquid 6 to be injected, but it is desirable that the opening 70 is large in view of visual observation.

  According to this embodiment (2), as shown in FIG. 7 (B), the simple injector 60 can inject the liquid 6 from the opening 70. As the simple injector 60, a cylindrical container made of a fluororesin or a polyester resin called a commercially available washing bottle or washing bottle with an injection nozzle can be used. The simple injector 60 is suitable for simple inspection of a small-scale apparatus because an injection point can be easily determined by a nozzle and an appropriate amount can be injected.

  Since the presence or absence of the crack 14, that is, the change in the amount of the liquid 6 can be detected by whether or not the liquid level 6 d is lowered, it can be easily visually observed from the opening 70.

  In addition, the inclination, shape, etc. of the exterior part 4 to be inspected may be any, and various shapes and areas of the exterior part 4 can be inspected. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the exterior part 4 is substantially horizontal, the liquid receiving member 50 may be a so-called bunched hollow, and the opening 70 may be provided above. When it is assumed that there are a plurality of cracks 14 and the like, a large number of the liquid receiving members 50 can be provided.

  In this embodiment (2), the clay material 8 can be simply installed simply by pressing it onto the exterior part 4 of the building 1, and the presence or absence of the crack 14 can be easily confirmed. Therefore, it is suitable for simple tests only for the presence or absence of the cause of rain leakage, or for provisional tests prior to this test. Further, since the liquid receiving member is formed only by the clay material 8 that can be easily deformed without using the cover member that can take a large area, it is suitable for inspecting the exterior portion 4 having a small area. There is no need to predetermine the shape, area, etc. of the inspection range, which is suitable for inspecting a rough range.

  Next, the embodiment (3) will be described. FIG. 9A is a longitudinal sectional view when the rain leak inspection apparatus according to the embodiment (3) is installed, FIG. 9B is a front view when a core mold is extracted for molding the apparatus, and FIG. (D) is a front view when the apparatus is used, FIG. 10 (A) is a front view showing an installation example of the apparatus on the exterior, and FIG. 10 (A) is a front view when the apparatus is used. ) Is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II, and FIG. 10C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

  In this rain leak inspection apparatus 21, the liquid receiving member 51 is attached to the exterior part 40 along the outer periphery of the core mold 17, which is placed along the outer surface of the exterior part 40 and is detachably pressed. And the clay material 8 having the opening 71 after the core mold 17 is extracted.

  First, when installed, the rain leak inspection apparatus 21 causes the core mold 17, which can be extracted freely, to follow the contact surface with the exterior section 40, and presses the clay material 8 against the core mold 17 and against the exterior section 40. It is pressed along the contact surface.

  A string-like member is used as the core mold 17. In this embodiment (3), a string having a diameter of about 3 mm is used as the core mold 17. The core mold 17 is removably inserted into the connected aluminum tube 15 and the transparent tube 16, and a string-like member is exposed from the aluminum tube 15 to a desired length. The core mold 17 in such a state is pressed and set along the exterior portion 40. The clay material 8 is pressed so as to be wrapped along the core mold 17, and at the same time, is pressed onto the exterior portion 40. The clay material 8 is also pressed against the aluminum tube 15. The aluminum tube 5 and the clay material 8 are pressed against each other in a watertight manner. In this embodiment (3), the length of the pressed portion is about 15 cm.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9B, the core mold 17 is forcibly pulled out from the clay material 8 from the inside of the aluminum tube 15 and the transparent tube 16, and the core mold 17 is made volume after the removal. The liquid receiving member 51 having the string-like liquid receiving space 551 is formed. As a result, the liquid receiving member 51 includes the aluminum tube 15 connected to the removal space surrounded by the exterior portion 40 and the clay material 8 and the opening 71 of the transparent tube 16.

  As shown in FIGS. 9C and 9D, when the rain leak inspection apparatus 21 is used, the liquid 6 is injected into the liquid receiving member 51 and the amount of change in the injected liquid amount is measured. In this embodiment (3), the injection pipe 61 of the injection amount measuring device 3 is provided with a tapered liquid spout 62 made of rubber and connected to the opening 71 of the transparent tube 16 to inject the liquid 6. To do. The change in the injected liquid amount can be determined by confirming the decrease in the water level of the internal liquid amount from the transparent tube 16. Further, it can be determined from the injection amount from the meter 11 of the injection amount measuring device 3. That is, when the liquid 6 is injected so as to fill the liquid receiving member 51 and the injection amount is increased and the injection is possible, a leak has occurred from another position such as the crack 14.

  In this embodiment (3), since the liquid receiving space 551 is small and the amount of the liquid 6 to be used is small, it is not necessary to provide a large amount of liquid 6 by providing a funnel-shaped communication pipe or the like. It is also effective that 62 is directly connected to the opening 71 and the leakage of the liquid 6 is less.

  In this embodiment (3), since it is possible to cope with the case where the liquid receiving member 51 is not easily formed in advance, such as a long and thin exterior portion 40 or a portion where the crack 14 is elongated, it is such a portion. It is effective for the inspection of the exterior part 40 of the building 1 shown in FIG. It is also possible to inspect the exterior portion 40 of the building 1 regardless of the horizontal, vertical, or inclination angle, and the flat or curved surface.

  For example, in the building 1 as shown in FIG. 10A, the exterior part is equipped with horizontally long siding plates 401a to 401n in the vertical direction, and the horizontal seam parts 40a to 40n are spaced in the vertical direction. Is formed. In the case of this type of siding structure, rain leakage is likely to occur due to insufficient joining of the horizontal seam portions 40a to 40n or damage to the seam portions. Therefore, the liquid receiving member 21a is horizontally disposed at any one of the horizontal joint portions 40a to 40n, or the liquid receiving member 21b is vertically disposed to intersect the plurality of joint portions 40a to 40n. Will be implemented.

  As shown in FIG. 10 (B), the liquid receiving member 21a is positioned horizontally at the horizontal seam portion 40b and inspected so that the liquid 6 can be injected from an opening formed by bending the transparent tube into an L shape. Is possible. In this case, since the liquid receiving space 551 is configured to be able to inject the seam portion 40b in the horizontal direction, it is possible to inspect rain leakage in the long range of the seam portions 40a to 40n of the siding structure in the horizontal direction.

  Further, the liquid receiving member 21b is arranged so as to intersect the joint portions 40a to 40n of the siding plates 401a to 401n from the vertical direction, and the liquid 6 can be inspected by injecting the liquid 6 into the joint portions 40a to 40n from the vertical direction. . As shown in FIG. 10C, since the liquid receiving space 551 is configured to be able to pass over the joint portions 40a to 40n, the joint portions 40a to 40n can be individually inspected in the vertical direction, and siding Rain leaks at individual seams 40a-40n of the structure can be inspected. The liquid receiving member 21b has an opening 72 of the clay material 8.

  From a similar point of view, there is a gap between the sash having the seam, the roof tile or tin seam, the door or window frame seam, the roof eave portion of the building 1 shown in FIG. However, it is possible to cope with such details.

  Next, the embodiment (4) will be described. FIG. 11A is a perspective view of a cover member cylinder of the rain leak inspection apparatus used in the embodiments (4) and (5), and FIG. 11B is a side view of the cover member of the rain leak inspection apparatus in the embodiment (4). FIGS. 12A and 12C are side views of the cover member, FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the rain leak inspection apparatus according to the embodiment (4), and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an exterior portion in contact with the apparatus. In addition, about an overlapping part, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The rain leak inspection apparatus 22 has a convex longitudinal section 910 in which the liquid receiving member 52 is anastomosed to the corner 41 of the building 1. The entering corner portion 41 is a corner portion where the exterior portion surfaces meet at an angle, and the angle θ on the facing side is less than 180 degrees. The anastomosis is a close fit, and here it has almost the same shape as the shape of the corner, and is capable of abutting.

  As shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the cover member 91 is formed by cutting a cover member cylinder 18 having a thin cylindrical space 95 in the center with a material such as silicon resin at a cutting line 180. The vertical section 910 is manufactured to have a wedge-shaped convex shape. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the wedge-shaped cover member 91 is configured to be substantially the same as the angle θ of the wall surfaces 411 and 412 at the corners of the entrance, so that the wedge-shaped cover member 91 is vertically cut. Surface 910 is adapted to anastomosed with entry corner 41.

  When the rain leak inspection apparatus 22 is installed, the clay material 8 is molded into a similar corner shape and pressed against the periphery 441 of the crack 14 in the wall surfaces 411 and 412 at the corner. Next, the liquid receiving member 52 is formed by pressing the wedge-shaped cover member cross sections 911 and 912 on the contact surfaces 813 and 814 of the clay material 8 on the apparatus side. The liquid receiving space 552 is formed so as to surround the crack 14 assumed at the entering corner 41 from the periphery 441 by the thickness of the clay material 8. Further, since the cover member 91 has an angle substantially the same as the angle θ of the corner 41 and the liquid receiving space 552 has a substantially uniform thickness, an equal amount of the liquid 6 is distributed at various locations around the periphery 441. Further, the thickness constituted by the clay material 8 can be easily adjusted, and the volume of the liquid receiving space 552 can be reduced to the minimum.

  An L-shaped tube of the communication tube 10 is fitted into the space 95 of the cover member 91 cylinder 18 so that the liquid 6 can be injected from the opening 7 into the liquid receiving space 552 through the space 95.

  In this embodiment (4), the corner of the building can be inspected. At that time, since the cover member cylinder 18 is easily cut by a silicon tube, the cover member 91 can be manufactured on-site at the work site by cutting from the cutting line 180 in accordance with the angle θ of the entering corner. .

  Next, the embodiment (5) will be described. FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view of the rain leak inspection apparatus according to the embodiment (5), and FIG. 15 is a transverse cross-sectional view of an exterior part in contact with the apparatus. In addition, about an overlapping part, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The rain leak inspection apparatus 23 has a concave vertical section 920 in which the liquid receiving member 53 is anastomosed to the protruding corner portion 42. The protruding corner portion 42 of the building is a corner portion where the surfaces of the exterior portion 4 are joined with an angle, and an angle θ from the facing side is 180 degrees or more.

  As shown in FIGS. 11A and 11C, the cover member 92 is manufactured such that the cover member cylinder 18 is cut along a cutting line 180 and the longitudinal section thereof is a reverse wedge-shaped concave shape. . The reverse wedge-shaped cross-sections 921 and 922 are configured to be substantially the same as the angle θ of the contact surface formed by the protruding corner wall surfaces 421 and 422, so that the reverse wedge-shaped cover member cross-sections 921 and 922 are formed. A vertical section 920 with respect to the building constituted by is anastomosed to the protruding corner portion 42 of the exterior portion.

  When the rain leak inspection apparatus 23 is installed, the clay material 8 is pressed against the periphery 442 of the exterior portion on the wall surfaces 421 and 422 of the protruding corners. Next, the liquid receiving member 53 is made by pressing the cover member sections 921 and 922 against the contact surfaces 823 and 824 of the clay material 8 on the apparatus side. A liquid receiving space 552 is formed by the thickness of the clay material 8 in the gap between the longitudinal section 920 for the building and the periphery 442 of the exterior portion.

  In this embodiment (5), the corner of the building can be inspected, and it can be applied in the same manner as in the embodiment (4).

  Next, the embodiment (6) will be described. FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view of the rain leak inspection apparatus according to the embodiment (6), and FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus. In addition, about an overlapping part, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In this embodiment (6), the liquid receiving member 54 is formed from the same plate-like cover member 94 as in the embodiment (1). The cover member 94 is for inspecting the periphery 443 of the crack 14 in a wide range, and preferably has a larger area. Light and transparent materials are desirable for handling and the like, and suitable materials include transparent plastics such as acrylic. In this embodiment (6), a hole is made in a transparent acrylic flat 25 cm square plate as the cover member 94, and the reinforcing members 93 and 99 are fixed. In addition, in order to reinforce the force that the clay material 8 adheres to the weight of the cover member 94, the periphery of the clay material 8 may be further adhesively reinforced to the surface of the exterior portion 43 with a tape or the like.

  The cover member 94 is provided with the communication pipe 10 so as to be as high as possible above the liquid receiving member 54.

  When the cover member 94 is pressed against the periphery 443 of the exterior portion with the clay material 8, a liquid receiving space 554 having a thin and wide area is formed. For this reason, this Embodiment (6) is suitable when performing the test | inspection in a wide range. For example, it corresponds to the inspection of a wide range to some extent, such as the occurrence of fine cracks and peeling points in concrete structures. In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, since the entire cover member is transparent, it is easy to detect the cause of rain leakage due to the change in the amount of the liquid 6, and the positional relationship of the crack 14 into which the liquid 6 flows, Since the progress is visible, more information can be obtained about the cause of the leak.

  Next, the embodiment (7) will be described. FIG. 18 is a schematic view of an injection amount measuring apparatus in this embodiment (7).

  This injection amount measuring device 30 is generally composed of a container 130, a connector 63, a valve 120, and an injection pipe 61.

  The container 130 is a square or round cylindrical container that is transparent and has a scale as means for measuring the amount of liquid injected.

  A valve 120 having a discharge control function is connected to the lower portion of the container 130 via a connector 63. An injection pipe 61 is attached to the valve 120 and a spout 62 is provided.

  In this embodiment (7), it is possible to adjust the injection volume and injection speed (ml / min, etc.) accurately by controlling the opening and closing of the valve 20, and an accurate inspection can be performed.

  As another embodiment, although not shown, it is possible to inspect even if the exterior part to be inspected is other than vertical by adjusting the angle of the communication pipe 10 so that the opening part faces upward. In addition, particularly when the portion to be inspected is almost horizontal, the liquid receiving member can be selected to have a frame shape instead of a hermetically sealed shape.

  In addition, each element described in these embodiments can be used in appropriate combination.

  Next, actual examples of rain leak diagnosis using these rain leak inspection methods and apparatuses will be described.

  For example, in addition to the specifications of the building 1 and the details of the finishing material, the age of building, the period of use, etc., the contents of the interview include, for example, where, when, what time, how much, etc. Check the occurrence of rain leaks in advance before inspection.

  In order to investigate the rain leak occurrence part, it is necessary to visually check stains and moisture conditions, and to connect endoscopes and small cameras from the wiring holes for lighting fixtures and outlet boxes, etc. Use to check for stains and moisture conditions, and record and take pictures of each.

  In addition, in any plurality of places where the cause of rain leakage is considered to be present, the rain leakage inspection apparatus according to the embodiment (2) is installed, and water is used as the liquid 6 to simply determine the presence or absence of the rain leakage factor. A so-called temporary injection test is performed, and a place where water has entered the building is determined as the periphery 44 of the exterior portion 4 to be subjected to the test.

  After these preparations, a rain leak inspection method using the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiments (1) and (3) to (6) is performed as the main test. After the rain leak inspection apparatus 2 is installed around the exterior portion 4 found by the above-described provisional test and the injection speed is set, the injection test with the test liquid 6 is started and the time is recorded.

  At the same time, detection work is performed using visual observation, an endoscope, or a small camera at the location where the rain leak occurs and the concealed portion around the location.

  In addition to the above detection work, a method of recognizing the occurrence of rain leak before visually confirming by using a stethoscope or the like for confirmation of stuttering in the injection test will be adopted.

  When recognizing the occurrence of rain leak, record the amount of liquid 6 injected and the time (water volume ml / min) from the start of the injection test to the occurrence of rain leak and take a picture.

  Further, in the exterior part other than the exterior part 4 to be inspected, for example, it is confirmed whether or not there is any leakage from a defective part or a rainy part, and the contents are recorded and a photograph is taken depending on the situation.

  In the case where there are exterior parts 4 to be inspected at a plurality of locations, a sufficient response time is provided for each inspection location to avoid misdiagnosis.

  In the case where the occurrence of a rain leak cannot be recognized, for example, a case in which the rain leak phenomenon does not appear even though the liquid 6 has infiltrated in a large amount in the building 1 for a long time, and the rain leak has no direct causal relationship. However, the fact that rainwater has infiltrated from the exterior part 4 by adopting the rain leak inspection apparatus 2 is easily estimated by staying in the building 1 or intruding and moving in other directions and locations. it can.

  By obtaining accurate inspection data as a result of a series of inspection work, it is possible to make an accurate judgment while avoiding misdiagnosis in the verification and analysis in later rain leak diagnosis. It is possible to make use of it for the proposal of a simple repair method.

[Test Example 1]
In the following outline, the building was diagnosed with rain leaks.
(Property overview) Wooden mortar under 2 years 2 stories (water leakage location) 1st floor living room upper sash (subject to inspection) Outer wall and roof facing the sash and surrounding area of the veranda

(Inspection method, result)
A preliminary test is conducted to inspect only the presence or absence of a rain leak on the exterior part 40c of the joint between the eaves sheet metal and the outer wall of the roof of the above-mentioned rain leak sash, which has a possibility of causing a rain leak. It was. The preliminary test was conducted as follows. Using clay of silicon 43W / V%, zinc stearate 28W / V%, liquid paraffin 13W / V%, carillon 10W / V% for the clay material 8, liquid receiving so as to cover the area to be inspected in a pocket shape from below The member 50 was formed and the rain leak inspection apparatus 20 of Embodiment (2) was installed. A small amount of water as the liquid 6 was injected into the liquid receiving member 50 using the simple injector 60, and the presence or absence of a rain leak was inspected by a change in the water level viewed from the opening 70. As a result of the inspection, all of the injected water entered the building, and it was confirmed that there was a cause of rain leakage at the joint between the eaves sheet metal and the outer wall.

  This test was performed on the exterior portion 40c of the joint portion between the eaves edge metal plate and the outer wall. A string of about 3 mm in diameter, which has a substantially cylindrical shape and slightly elasticity along the exterior part where the cause of rain leakage is supposed to exist, is formed as a core mold 17 in a transparent tube 16 connected to the aluminum pipe 15. Then, the same clay material 8 as that in the preliminary test was further pressed along the core die 17 so as to wrap along the core die 17. The length of the pressed core was about 15 cm long. The core mold 17 was pulled out and used as the rain leak inspection apparatus 21 of the embodiment (3).

  Water, which is the liquid 6, was injected into the rain leak inspection apparatus 21 using the injection amount measuring device 30 while controlling the injection amount. The injection amount measuring apparatus 30 includes a cylindrical container 130 having a capacity of 500 ml provided with a scale 110, a rubber tube connector 63 having a diameter of 5 mm, a valve 120 having a liquid discharge control function, and an injection pipe 61. The device of form (7) was used. As a result, all of about 500 ml of water entered the building. About 15 minutes after the start of the test, it was confirmed that water leakage occurred on the outer wall of the foundation of the building. Furthermore, when the same injection test was performed again at the same location, water leakage occurred from the wooden frame portion and the base draining portion of the sash outer wall side soon after the injection, and further 5 minutes later, water leakage occurred from the top of the sash frame. Was confirmed visually.

(Examination of test results)
As a result of the injection test, cracks occurred in the joint between the eaves sheet metal and the outer wall, and rainwater seemed to enter the building. As a result of examining the structure of the relevant part in more detail, most of the water that infiltrated from the part where the injection test was conducted flows to the outside, such as the foundation part of the outer wall of the building, but part of the water goes inside the waterproof structure above the sash. It was recognized as a complicated situation.

  Furthermore, as a countermeasure, it was confirmed that water leakage occurred because the construction was not sufficient, although waterproof repair by sealing was already performed when sealing was attempted on the crack occurrence site. In addition, although there are no other causes of rain leakage at present, waterproof repair is not enough, so cracks etc. have occurred in the outer wall finish and different parts (sheet metal part / opening / waterproof part). At that time, it was predicted that an accident similar to this case would occur, and it was found that periodic inspection and examination of the maintenance plan were necessary in the future.

[Test Example 2]
In the following outline, the building was diagnosed with rain leaks.
(Property Outline) Wooden 3-story siding exterior wall finish (less than 3 years old) 1st floor kitchen sash frame (inspected) exterior wall and opening

(Inspection method, result)
After visual inspection and an endoscope, etc., provide a guideline for the exterior part that is assumed to cause rain leaks such as gaps between sidings, a book of rain leak inspection tests on the outer wall siding and sash joints A test was conducted. This test is elongated along the siding grooves and sash joints, and the rain leak inspection apparatus 21 according to the embodiment (3) is installed in accordance with the length of each part. It was. As a result of the test, when about 500 ml of water was poured into the siding joint part on the right side of the second floor sash, it was visually confirmed that water leaked from the screw part of the first floor kitchen sash aluminum frame after about 30 minutes.

(Examination of test results)
As a result of visual inspection, endoscopic confirmation from the inspection port, and a stethoscope to check the water path and internal water retention, water that has entered the siding joint of the inspection point is located below the sash and next to the ventilation fan of the kitchen. It seemed that water had leaked from the screw hole part after going around to the back side of the waterproof paper from the seam and reaching the upper part of the first floor sash and staying inside.

  As countermeasures, it was recognized that the siding of the exterior part where rainwater permeated was removed and waterproofing was newly performed, and that the rainwater intrusion part, the siding joint and the sash opening part in the building were required to be sealed.

[Test Example 3]
In the following outline, the building was diagnosed with rain leaks.
(Property overview) 30-year-old RC structure 3 stories, exterior wall painting, waterproofing of flat roof, repair of rain leaks and painting of the entire exterior wall 2 years ago (where water leakage occurred) 2nd floor room ceiling (inspection target) north side Balcony and slope wall on the 3rd floor and rooftop

(Inspection method, result)
The location where the cracks occurred in the concrete headboard on the upper floor of the third floor was used as the exterior part 4, and the rain leak inspection device 2 was installed. The rain leak inspection apparatus 2 is a substantially circular disk having a diameter of 6 cm made of an acrylic resin, and has a hole in the center. The cover member 9 was pressed, the communication pipe 10 composed of a resin L-shaped cylinder and a funnel was connected, and the mouth of the communication pipe 10 faced upward to form the rain leak inspection apparatus 2 of the embodiment (1). In this rain leak inspection apparatus 2, the same rain leak inspection apparatus 30 as in Test Example 1 was used, water was used as the liquid 6, and an injection test was started. When 150 ml of water was injected 10 minutes after the start of the test, water began to leak from the paint peeling portion of the lower inclined wall portion, and when a part thereof was excised, it was confirmed that water containing rust was ejected.

  Subsequently, an inspection was performed on a part of the area that caused the rain leak to a certain extent. As described in the embodiment (6), a 25 cm square transparent acrylic plate is used for the cover member 94, the cover member 9 is used for the reinforcing members 93 and 99, and the communication pipe 10 is the same as described above. Inspection equipment was installed. An injection test was started using an emulsion-based aqueous solution mainly composed of an acrylic synthetic resin as the liquid 6. As a result, 20 minutes after the start of the test, the occurrence of water leakage of the liquid 6 was visually confirmed from the waterproof sealing deterioration portion in the vertical portion of the opening sash frame.

  As a result of continuing the injection test, when 850 ml of the aqueous solution was injected 45 minutes after the start of the test, the sound of a casket falling on the ceiling of the second-floor room was detected with a stethoscope, and water leaked from the inspection port. This was confirmed visually with an endoscope.

(Examination of test results)
It can be inferred that as a cause of rain leakage, cracks due to deterioration due to secular change are caused, and further water leakage occurs due to insufficient ground repair processing failure in past paint repair work.

  The effect of rain leakage on the building is that the amount of liquid infiltrated into the building is less than 100 ml compared to 850 ml, and from the start of the test to when water leaks in the room. Since it takes a long time, it can be inferred that most of the liquid remains in the building, and rainwater intrusion always occurs even in situations where rain leaks are not visually recognized. From the fact that water is detected, it is determined that the corrosion of the reinforcing bars proceeds in the concealed portion and the influence on the structure is great.

  As for the occurrence of rain leakage, rainwater infiltration places are always raining, and from the data obtained from the test results, rain leakage occurs when there is a lot of precipitation and it continues for a long time.

  As an effect of rain leakage on the building, the amount of liquid 6 that has entered the building is 850 ml, and the amount of liquid 6 detected from the portion where the rain leakage has occurred is less than 100 ml, and water leakage occurs in the room from the start of the test. It takes a long time to complete, so it can be inferred that most of the liquid 6 remains in the building, and rainwater intrusion always occurs even in situations where rain leaks are not visually recognized. From the fact that water mixed in is detected, it is determined that the corrosion of the reinforcing bars proceeds in the concealed portion and the influence on the structure is great.

  As a proposal for the repair method, the outer wall paint around the rain leak factor was removed, the cracked part was exposed, injection repair of epoxy material etc. was applied to the defective part, and waterproofing was applied or applied to the entire inclined wall part. It seems reasonable.

  As a general observation, there are multiple evidence that the rainwater outlets were blocked by the previous repair, and it seems that the rainwater stays inside the building due to the repair, which in turn accelerates the corrosion. .

  By utilizing the present invention, it is possible to quickly solve a rain leak case without spending time and money in a leak test for buildings of various specifications and forms.

  In addition, because this means is widely recognized and adopted in public places, it is more than the scale of the place where it is assumed that there is a cause of unreasonable and unnecessary renovation work based on unclear inspection results, such as rain leaks. Unnecessary expenses due to construction that dismantles a larger area than necessary is reduced, and in addition, resources can be saved.

  In addition, investigation of the causes of rain leaks and the elucidation of the mechanism will be carried out to prevent the cause of poor construction in new construction of various buildings later, thereby contributing to the provision of high-quality buildings by eliminating damage caused by rain leaks. It can be done.

It is the schematic of installation of the rain leak test | inspection apparatus of Embodiment (1). It is the schematic of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (1). It is a disassembled perspective view of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (1). (A) is the schematic which shows the time of installation of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (1), (B) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows injection | pouring of the liquid to the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (1), (C) (B) is a principal part expanded sectional view of a figure. (A) is a longitudinal sectional view before pressing the clay material constituting the rain leak inspection apparatus of the embodiment (1), (B) is an assumed location of the clay material constituting the rain leak inspection apparatus of the embodiment (1) (C) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the pressing of the clay material which comprises the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (1), (D) is Embodiment (1). It is a principal part expanded longitudinal sectional view which pressed the cover member to the clay material which comprises a rain leak test | inspection apparatus. It is the schematic of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (2). (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of installation of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (2), (B) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of liquid injection of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (2). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which installed the rain leak test | inspection apparatus of Embodiment (2) with respect to the substantially horizontal exterior part. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of installation of the rain leak inspection apparatus which comprises the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (3), (B) is a core type for shaping | molding the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (3) (C) is a longitudinal sectional view when using the rain leak inspection apparatus of the embodiment (3), and (D) is a front view when using the rain leak inspection apparatus of the embodiment (3). is there. (A) is a perspective view of the installation example to the exterior part of the rain leak test | inspection apparatus of Embodiment (3), (B) is II sectional drawing of (A), (C) is II-II of (A). It is sectional drawing. (A) is a perspective view of a cover member cylinder of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiments (4) and (5), (B) is a side view of the cover member of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (4), (C ) Is a side view of a cover member of the rain leak inspection apparatus of embodiment (5). It is a disassembled perspective view of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (4). It is a cross-sectional view of the exterior part contact | abutted with the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (4). It is a disassembled perspective view of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (5). It is a cross-sectional view of the exterior part contact | abutted with the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (5). It is a disassembled perspective view of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (6). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rain leak inspection apparatus of Embodiment (6). It is the schematic of the injection amount measuring apparatus in Embodiment (7).

1 Building 2, 20, 21, 21a, 21b, 21c, 22, 23, 24 Rain leak inspection device 3, 30 Injection amount measuring device 4, 40, 43, 40c Exterior portion 40a, 40b, 40n Seam portion 44, 440, 441, 442, 443 Around 5, 50, 51, 52, 53 Liquid receiving member 6, 6a, 6b, 6c Liquid 6d Liquid surface 7, 70, 71, 72 Opening 8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8n Clay material 9 91, 92, 94 Cover member 10 Communication tube 11 Meter 12, 120 Valve 13, 130 Container 14 Crack 15 Aluminum tube 16 Transparent tube 17 Core type 18 Cover member cylinder 41 Entering corner 42 Outlet corner 45, 45a, 45b Contact surface 46 Contact surface with cover member 55, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554 Liquid receiving space 60 Simple injector 61 Injection tube 62 Cutout 63 Connector 80 Clay material projecting portion 90 Surface 93, 99 Reinforcing member 95 Cylindrical space 110 Scale 141, 142 Rain leak outlet 180 Cutting line 401, 401a, 401b Siding plate 411, 412 Wall surface 421 in the corner 422 Outer corner wall surface 811, 812, 821, 822 Contact surface to the corner wall surface of the clay material 813, 814, 823, 824 Contact surface of the clay material to the device side 910, 920 Longitudinal section 911, 912, 921 , 922 Cover member cross-section A, B Deformation direction C Pressing location L1, L2 Adhesive part width θ angle

Claims (8)

Providing a clay material composed of oil clay containing fat or oil having an adhesive property and water resistance and plasticity, while along the contact surface of the periphery of the exterior portion of the building is place causing leaking is assumed to be present The clay material is pressed in a watertight manner so as to conform to the irregularities and steps of the contact surface, and then a plate-like cover member is pressed in a watertight manner on the clay material pressed onto the contact surface. Forming a liquid receiving member with an opening by expanding the range of pressing by deforming the clay material thinly, injecting liquid into the liquid receiving member from the opening to detect the location causing the rain leak Then, a method for inspecting a building for leaks, comprising peeling the clay material from the contact surface with a force to peel off the clay material. Providing a clay material composed of oil clay containing fat or oil having an adhesive property and water resistance and plasticity, along the core die on contact surface of the exterior portion of the building is assumed that the point causing leak in the roof there Align, the clay material is being-assembled watertight so adapt to the irregularities and the step of contact surfaces around the exterior by pressing so as to go looking follicles and along with the core mold, the said clay material in the next Extending the pressing range while extending along the contact surface, extracting the core mold, forming a liquid receiving member having an opening with the clay material, and supplying the liquid receiving member with liquid from the opening. A method for inspecting a leak of a building, comprising detecting a portion that causes the leak of the pouring and then peeling the clay material from the contact surface with a force for peeling off the clay material.   The rain leak inspection method according to claim 1, wherein an amount of liquid injected into the liquid receiving member is measured. A clay material made of an oil clay containing oil and fat having plasticity, tackiness and water resistance on the surrounding contact surface of the exterior of the building, which is assumed to have a location causing rain leakage, The plate-shaped cover member is pressed against the clay material in a water-tight manner so that it conforms to the irregularities and steps of the contact surface along the surface, and the clay material is thinly deformed and pressed. A liquid receiving member having an expanded range and an opening for injecting liquid into the liquid receiving member, wherein the liquid receiving member is peeled off by a force for peeling off the clay material. Rain leak inspection device for things. Oil clay containing a core type that is placed along the contact surface of the exterior part of the building that is supposed to cause rain leakage, and that is pressed out freely, and oils and fats that have plasticity, adhesion, and water resistance The clay material is pressed in a watertight manner along the contact surface along the outer periphery of the core mold so as to conform to the irregularities and steps of the contact surface, and the clay material is aligned along the contact surface. a liquid receiving member range stretched being-assembled is formed by expanded, and a opening for injecting the liquid into the liquid receiving member after extraction of the core die, the liquid receiving member will peel off the clay material and A rain leak inspection device for buildings, characterized by being peeled off with the force of A clay material made of oil clay containing oil and fat having plasticity, tackiness and water resistance on the contact surface around the exterior portion of the corner of the building where it is assumed that there is a place causing rain leakage, A cover member having a convex vertical cross section that is press-fitted in a watertight manner so as to conform to the irregularities and steps of the contact surface along the peripheral contact surface and has a convex longitudinal section that is anastomosed to the corner of the clay material. A liquid receiving member having an expanded range of pressing and deforming the clay material thinly; and an opening for injecting liquid into the liquid receiving member. A rain leak inspection device for buildings, which is peeled off with the force of peeling . A clay material made of oil clay containing oil and fat having plasticity, tackiness and water resistance on the contact surface around the exterior portion of the exterior corner of the building where it is assumed that there is a place causing rain leakage, A cover member having a concave vertical cross- section that is anastomosed to the protruding corner portion of the clay material is water-tightly pressed along the surrounding contact surface so as to conform to the unevenness or step of the contact surface. A liquid receiving member having an expanded range of pressing and deforming the clay material thinly, and an opening for injecting liquid into the liquid receiving member. The liquid receiving member peels off the clay material. A rain leak inspection device for buildings, which is peeled off with the force to be applied . Leaky inspection system of a building according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that it comprises an injection amount measuring device for measuring the injection quantity of the liquid.

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