JP4423169B2 - Pedestrian airbag device - Google Patents

Pedestrian airbag device Download PDF

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JP4423169B2
JP4423169B2 JP2004329066A JP2004329066A JP4423169B2 JP 4423169 B2 JP4423169 B2 JP 4423169B2 JP 2004329066 A JP2004329066 A JP 2004329066A JP 2004329066 A JP2004329066 A JP 2004329066A JP 4423169 B2 JP4423169 B2 JP 4423169B2
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airbag
pedestrian
vehicle
road surface
front wheel
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JP2006137322A (en
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篤 永田
切手　　肇
幸生 横山
亮衛 渡辺
正勝 香川
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Hino Motors Ltd
Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd
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Hino Motors Ltd
Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/56—Fittings damping bouncing force in truck collisions, e.g. bumpers; Arrangements on high-riding vehicles, e.g. lorries, for preventing vehicles or objects from running thereunder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/34—Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians
    • B60R21/36—Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians using airbags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R2021/0002—Type of accident
    • B60R2021/002—Underrun collision
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/217—Inflation fluid source retainers, e.g. reaction canisters; Connection of bags, covers, diffusers or inflation fluid sources therewith or together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/231—Inflatable members characterised by their shape, construction or spatial configuration
    • B60R21/2334—Expansion control features
    • B60R21/2346—Soft diffusers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
    • B60R21/276—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow with means to vent the inflation fluid source, e.g. in case of overpressure

Description

本発明は、車両の前輪の前方側における車体に、膨張可能なエアバッグを収納させ、作動時、歩行者の前方側からの巻き込みを防止可能に、エアバッグを膨張させる構成の歩行者用エアバッグ装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a pedestrian air having a configuration in which an inflatable airbag is housed in a vehicle body on the front side of a front wheel of a vehicle, and the airbag is inflated so that the pedestrian can be prevented from being caught from the front side during operation. The present invention relates to a bag device.

従来、車両に搭載する歩行者用エアバッグ装置では、車体の前端部のバンパ等に、折り畳んでエアバッグを収納し、作動時、エアバッグに膨張用ガスを流入させ、エアバッグを、収納部位から突出させて、車体の前方側に、配置させていた（例えば、特許文献１・２参照）。   Conventionally, in a pedestrian airbag device mounted on a vehicle, the airbag is folded and stored in a bumper or the like at the front end of the vehicle body, and when in operation, an inflation gas is caused to flow into the airbag to store the airbag. It is made to protrude from the front side of the vehicle body (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

また、車体と路面との間に、膨張したエアバッグを配設させるものもあった（（例えば、特許文献３参照）。
特開平６−２３９１９８号公報 特開平９−１６４９０６号公報 特開平７−２７７１１４号公報 Some have an inflated airbag disposed between the vehicle body and the road surface (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
JP-A-6-239198 JP-A-9-164906 JP 7-277114 A

しかし、従来の車体の前方側に膨張したエアバッグを配設させる歩行者用エアバッグ装置では、膨張したエアバッグの下面が路面から離れて、エアバッグと路面との間に隙間が生じれば、転倒している歩行者がその隙間から車体側へ侵入する虞れが生ずることから、歩行者における車体前端部の下面側への巻き込み防止を図る上で、改善の余地があった。特に、車体の前端部の下面と路面との間に大きなスペースが生じやすい大型のタイヤを装着したトラック等の車両では、巻き込み防止の課題が、生じやすい。   However, in a conventional pedestrian airbag device in which an inflated airbag is disposed on the front side of the vehicle body, if the lower surface of the inflated airbag is separated from the road surface, a gap is generated between the airbag and the road surface. Since there is a possibility that a pedestrian who has fallen may enter the vehicle body from the gap, there is room for improvement in preventing the pedestrian from getting into the lower surface side of the front end of the vehicle body. In particular, in a vehicle such as a truck equipped with a large tire in which a large space is likely to be generated between the lower surface of the front end portion of the vehicle body and the road surface, a problem of preventing entrainment is likely to occur.

この対策のために、特許文献３に記載されているように、後輪側の車体下面と路面との間に膨張したエアバッグを配設させる構成を、前輪側に対応させることが考えられる。   In order to deal with this problem, as described in Patent Document 3, it is conceivable that a configuration in which an inflated airbag is disposed between the vehicle body lower surface on the rear wheel side and the road surface is made to correspond to the front wheel side.

しかし、単に、車体前端部と路面との間に膨張したエアバッグを配設させるように構成しても、前輪は、衝突時の車両が減速できるように、制動可能とし、また、車両の進行方向を変えるように、操舵可能とする必要がある。   However, even if an inflated airbag is simply arranged between the front end of the vehicle body and the road surface, the front wheels can be braked so that the vehicle at the time of collision can be decelerated, and the vehicle travels. It must be steerable to change direction.

本発明は、上述の課題を解決するものであり、車両の前輪の制動と操舵とを確保して、歩行者の巻き込みを防止できる歩行者用エアバッグ装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pedestrian airbag device that can ensure braking and steering of a front wheel of a vehicle and prevent a pedestrian from being caught.

本発明に係る歩行者用エアバッグ装置では、車両の前輪の前方側における車体に、膨張可能なエアバッグを収納させ、作動時、歩行者の前方側からの巻き込みを防止可能に、エアバッグを膨張させる構成の歩行者用エアバッグ装置であって、
折り畳んだエアバッグとエアバッグに膨張用ガスを供給するガス発生器とを収納するケースが、下方を開口させた箱形状として、天井壁部と、天井壁部の外周縁の全周から下方に延びる筒状の側壁部と、を備えて構成されて、前輪の前方側における車体の前端部の下面側に配設されて、
ガス発生器が、エアバッグに供給する膨張用ガスを吐出する複数のガス吐出口を下端側に備えて、エアバッグとともに、天井壁部に固定され、
エアバッグが、膨張時にケースの開口から下方へ突出するとともに、膨張完了時に、エアバッグ装置の作動前より前輪の接地力を減少させつつ、前輪の制動と操舵とを可能に前輪の路面との接触状態を維持させ、かつ、歩行者の巻き込みを防止可能に下面側を路面に圧接させる内圧を確保して、路面と前輪の前方側における車体の前端部の下面との間を塞いで膨張するように、配設されていることを特徴とする。 In the pedestrian airbag apparatus according to the present invention, an inflatable airbag is housed in the vehicle body on the front side of the front wheel of the vehicle, and the airbag can be prevented from being caught from the front side of the pedestrian during operation. A pedestrian airbag device configured to be inflated,
The case that houses the folded airbag and the gas generator that supplies the inflation gas to the airbag has a box shape with an opening at the bottom. A cylindrical side wall portion extending, and disposed on the lower surface side of the front end portion of the vehicle body on the front side of the front wheel,
The gas generator includes a plurality of gas discharge ports for discharging inflation gas supplied to the airbag on the lower end side, and is fixed to the ceiling wall portion together with the airbag.
When the airbag is inflated, it projects downward from the opening of the case, and at the completion of inflation , the front wheel can be braked and steered while reducing the ground contact force of the front wheel from before the operation of the airbag device . Maintains the contact state and secures an internal pressure that presses the lower surface against the road surface to prevent the pedestrian from being caught, and expands by closing the space between the road surface and the lower surface of the front end of the vehicle body on the front side of the front wheel. It is characterized by being arranged.

本発明に係る歩行者用エアバッグ装置では、作動時、エアバッグが膨張を完了させれば、路面と前輪の前方側における車体の前端部の下面との間を塞いで、下面側を路面に圧接させる。そして、この膨張完了時のエアバッグは、エアバッグ装置の作動前より前輪の接地力を減少させるものの、前輪の制動と操舵とを可能に前輪の路面との接触状態を維持させ、かつ、歩行者の巻き込みを防止可能に下面側を路面に圧接させる内圧を確保して、膨張を完了させていることから、車両は、前輪の制動時には、減速が可能となり、また、前輪の操舵時には、向きを変えて、危険エリア等から移動できる。そして勿論、歩行者が転倒していても、膨張を完了させたエアバッグは、下面側を路面に圧接させており、車体の前端部の下面側への歩行者の巻き込みを防止することができる。 In the pedestrian airbag device according to the present invention, when the airbag is completely inflated during operation, the space between the road surface and the lower surface of the front end of the vehicle body on the front side of the front wheel is closed, and the lower surface side is used as the road surface. Press contact. The airbag at the completion of the inflation reduces the ground contact force of the front wheels from before the operation of the airbag device, but maintains the contact state with the road surface of the front wheels so that the front wheels can be braked and steered. The vehicle is able to decelerate during braking of the front wheels, and the direction when steering the front wheels. You can move from a dangerous area, etc. And of course, even if the pedestrian falls, the airbag that has been inflated has the lower surface pressed against the road surface, and can prevent the pedestrian from getting caught in the lower surface of the front end of the vehicle body. .

したがって、本発明に係る歩行者用エアバッグ装置では、前輪の制動と操舵とを確保して、歩行者の巻き込みを防止することができる。   Therefore, in the pedestrian airbag apparatus according to the present invention, braking and steering of the front wheels can be ensured to prevent the pedestrian from getting involved.

そして、膨張完了時のエアバッグは、前輪の路面への接地力を、車両重量の１０％以上確保するように、設定することが望ましい。 Then, the airbag when inflated is completed, the ground forces to the front wheels of the road surface, so as to ensure vehicle weight of more than 10%, it is desirable to set.

このようにエアバッグが調整されて、前輪が、路面への接地力を、実質的に、車両重量の１０％以上、望ましくは、２０％以上、確保できれば、前輪の制動と操舵とを安定して確保することができる。ちなみに、前輪の路面への接地力が、実質的に、車両重量の１０％未満であると、前輪の制動や操舵が困難となって、好ましくない。   If the air bag is adjusted in this way and the front wheels can substantially secure a ground contact force to the road surface of 10% or more, preferably 20% or more of the vehicle weight, braking and steering of the front wheels can be stabilized. Can be secured. Incidentally, it is not preferable that the ground contact force of the front wheels to the road surface is substantially less than 10% of the vehicle weight because braking and steering of the front wheels become difficult.

なお、車両重量とは、車両の車体自体の車体重量と、乗車した乗員の重量を含めた積載重量と、を合計した重量である。そのため、積載重量を２０００Ｋｇｆとしている車両の車体重量が、２６００Ｋｇｆとしている場合、荷台に未積載の状態では、車両重量は、乗員の重量を考慮しなければ、車体重量だけの２６００Ｋｇｆとなり、積載重量を２０００Ｋｇｆとした状態では、車両重量は、２６００＋２０００＝４６００Ｋｇｆとなる。そして、前輪は、それらの車両重量の１０％以上の接地力を、実質的に、確保するように、エアバッグが設定されればよく、そのような設定となるように、エアバッグの大きさや内圧等を、調整することとなる。   The vehicle weight is the total weight of the vehicle body weight of the vehicle body itself and the loaded weight including the weight of the occupant. Therefore, if the vehicle weight of a vehicle having a load weight of 2000 kgf is 2600 kgf, the vehicle weight is 2600 kgf, which is only the vehicle weight unless the weight of the occupant is taken into consideration when the vehicle is not loaded on the loading platform. In the state of 2000 kgf, the vehicle weight is 2600 + 2000 = 4600 kgf. The front wheels need only be set so that the ground contact force of 10% or more of their vehicle weight is substantially secured. The internal pressure or the like will be adjusted.

また、実質的に車両重量の１０％以上とは、エアバッグ装置の作動時におけるエアバッグの一次膨張時には、エアバッグが、一瞬、車両を持ち上げてしまう場合が生じ、その場合には、前輪の接地力が、車両重量の１０％未満となってしまうことが避けられないが、しかし、その後には、車両を持ち上げた後のエアバッグの振動が収束することから、その収束した状態で、前輪の接地力が、車両重量の１０％以上を確保できればよいことを、明確にするためである。そして、このようなエアバッグの振動は、前輪の操舵や制動の操縦時において、殆んど支障のない時間内に、収束することから、前輪の操舵や制動等の操縦に、影響を及ぼさない。   Further, substantially 10% or more of the vehicle weight means that the airbag may lift the vehicle for a moment during the primary inflation of the airbag when the airbag device is activated. It is inevitable that the ground contact force will be less than 10% of the vehicle weight. However, after that, the vibration of the airbag after lifting the vehicle converges. This is for the purpose of clarifying that it is sufficient that the ground contact force can secure 10% or more of the vehicle weight. Such airbag vibration converges in a time when there is almost no trouble during steering of the front wheels and braking, and thus does not affect the steering of the front wheels or steering such as braking. .

さらに、エアバッグの内圧は、エアバッグ装置を搭載する車両の前輪側の荷重に対応させて、３０〜１５０Ｋｐａ、望ましくは、５０〜７０Ｋｐａの範囲内とすることが好ましい。内圧が、３０Ｋｐａ未満では、歩行者をエアバッグと路面との間に入り込ませてしまう虞れがあって、好ましくなく、１５０Ｋｐａを越えては、前輪の接地力を、実質的に、車両重量の１０％以上確保し難い場合が発生することとなって、好ましくないからである。   Furthermore, the internal pressure of the airbag is preferably in the range of 30 to 150 Kpa, preferably 50 to 70 Kpa, corresponding to the load on the front wheel side of the vehicle on which the airbag device is mounted. If the internal pressure is less than 30 Kpa, there is a possibility that a pedestrian may get in between the airbag and the road surface. This is not preferable, and if it exceeds 150 Kpa, the ground contact force of the front wheels is substantially reduced by the vehicle weight. This is because it may be difficult to ensure 10% or more, which is not preferable.

また、歩行者用エアバッグ装置としては、エアバッグに膨張用ガスを供給するガス供給機構を設け、ガス供給機構が、膨張用ガスを発生させるガス発生器と、エアバッグの膨張完了後の内圧を維持可能な内圧制御機構と、を設けて構成されることが望ましい。   Moreover, as a pedestrian airbag apparatus, a gas supply mechanism that supplies inflation gas to the airbag is provided, and the gas supply mechanism generates a gas generator that generates inflation gas, and an internal pressure after completion of inflation of the airbag. It is desirable to provide an internal pressure control mechanism capable of maintaining the above.

このような構成では、ガス供給機構の内圧制御機構により、エアバッグの膨張完了後の内圧が、内圧制御機構を備えない場合に比べて、長い時間にわたって維持されることから、歩行者の接近に伴ってエアバッグを膨張させた後、遅れて歩行者がエアバッグに当たることとなっても、エアバッグが歩行者の巻き込みを防止できる。そして勿論、前輪の制動と操舵とは、確保されていることから、車両の減速や車両の方向転換等の車両の操縦に、支障を生じない。   In such a configuration, the internal pressure control mechanism of the gas supply mechanism maintains the internal pressure after the airbag has been inflated for a longer time than when the internal pressure control mechanism is not provided. Accordingly, even if the pedestrian hits the airbag with a delay after the airbag is inflated, the airbag can prevent the pedestrian from being caught. Of course, since braking and steering of the front wheels are ensured, there is no problem in vehicle operation such as vehicle deceleration and vehicle direction change.

以下、本発明の一実施形態を図面に基づいて説明すると、実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置Ｓは、図１〜４に示すように、車両としてのトラックＶに搭載されるものであり、前輪６・６の前方側における車体（ボディ）１の前端部１ａの下面側に、配設されている。なお、これらの前輪６・６は、制動可能で、かつ、操舵可能として、配設されている。また、図１・２に示す符号７の部材はフロントパンパ、符号８の部材はスポイラーであり、これらの部材は、図示しないブラケット等を利用して、ボディ１側のフレーム２に取り付けられている。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A pedestrian airbag apparatus S according to the embodiment is mounted on a truck V as a vehicle, as shown in FIGS. It is arranged on the lower surface side of the front end portion 1a of the vehicle body (body) 1 on the front side of the front wheels 6. These front wheels 6 and 6 are disposed so that they can be braked and steered. 1 and 2 are a front bumper, and a member 8 is a spoiler. These members are attached to the frame 2 on the body 1 side using a bracket (not shown). .

さらに、本明細書での前後・上下・左右の方向は、車両Ｖの直進方向を前方向とする基準方向として、車両Ｖの前後・上下・左右の各方向と一致するように、対応させている。   Further, the front-rear, up-down, left-right directions in this specification are made to correspond to the front-rear, up-down, left-right directions of the vehicle V, with the straight direction of the vehicle V being the forward direction. Yes.

歩行者用エアバッグ装置Ｓは、図１〜７に示すように、エアバッグ１０、エアバッグ１０に膨張用ガスを供給するガス供給機構５９、折り畳んだエアバッグ１０とガス供給機構５９とを収納保持するケース２８、折り畳んだエアバッグ１０の下面側を覆うカバー３８、及び、エアバッグ装置Ｓを車両Ｖのボディ１側のフレーム２に連結保持させるための金属製のブラケット４０・４６、を備えて構成されている。   1 to 7, the pedestrian airbag device S stores an airbag 10, a gas supply mechanism 59 that supplies inflation gas to the airbag 10, a folded airbag 10, and a gas supply mechanism 59. A holding case 28, a cover 38 covering the lower surface side of the folded airbag 10, and metal brackets 40 and 46 for connecting and holding the airbag device S to the frame 2 on the body 1 side of the vehicle V are provided. Configured.

なお、車両Ｖのフレーム２は、エアバッグ装置Ｓの連結部位では、平行な二本のサイドレール３・３と、サイドレール３・３間を連結する二本のクロスメンバ４・５と、を配設させて構成されており、ブラケット４０が、ナット３ａに締結されるボルト５０を利用して、サイドレール３・３に連結固定され、ブラケット４６が、ナット４ａに締結されるボルト５１を利用して、クロスメンバ４に連結固定されている。   In addition, the frame 2 of the vehicle V includes two parallel side rails 3 and 3 and two cross members 4 and 5 that connect the side rails 3 and 3 at the connection portion of the airbag apparatus S. The bracket 40 is connected and fixed to the side rails 3 and 3 using the bolt 50 fastened to the nut 3a, and the bracket 46 uses the bolt 51 fastened to the nut 4a. The cross member 4 is connected and fixed.

また、歩行者用エアバッグ装置Ｓは、歩行者の接近を検知する図示しないセンサをパンパ７の所定箇所に配設させるとともに、このセンサからの信号を入力した図示しない制御装置が、歩行者の車両Ｖとの衝突を予測した際に、ガス供給機構５９のガス発生器としてのインフレーター６０を作動させ、エアバッグ１０に膨張用ガスを供給するように、構成されている。   The pedestrian airbag device S has a sensor (not shown) for detecting the approach of the pedestrian disposed at a predetermined position of the bumper 7, and a control device (not shown) to which a signal from the sensor is input is provided by the pedestrian. When a collision with the vehicle V is predicted, the inflator 60 as a gas generator of the gas supply mechanism 59 is operated to supply the inflation gas to the airbag 10.

ガス供給機構５９は、作動時に膨張用ガスを発生させるガス発生器としてのインフレーター６０と、膨張完了後のエアバッグ１０の内圧を調整する内圧制御機構６１と、を備えて構成されている。実施形態の場合、インフレーター６０は複数（実施形態では五個）使用されている。   The gas supply mechanism 59 includes an inflator 60 as a gas generator that generates inflation gas during operation, and an internal pressure control mechanism 61 that adjusts the internal pressure of the airbag 10 after completion of inflation. In the case of the embodiment, a plurality of (five in the embodiment) inflators 60 are used.

各インフレーター６０は、下端側に複数のガス吐出口６０ｂを有した円柱状の本体部６０ａを備え、本体部６０ａの外周面には、略四角板状のフランジ部６０ｃが突設されている。フランジ部６０ｃには、エアバッグ１０の開口周縁１３とともにインフレーター６０をケース２８の天井壁部２９に固定するためのリテーナ２０のボルト２０ａを挿通させる取付孔６０ｄが、形成されている。   Each inflator 60 includes a cylindrical main body portion 60a having a plurality of gas discharge ports 60b on the lower end side, and a substantially square plate-like flange portion 60c projects from the outer peripheral surface of the main body portion 60a. The flange portion 60c is formed with an attachment hole 60d through which the bolt 20a of the retainer 20 for fixing the inflator 60 to the ceiling wall portion 29 of the case 28 together with the opening peripheral edge 13 of the airbag 10 is inserted.

内圧制御機構６１は、図６に示すように、左右方向の中央位置に配置されたインフレーター６０に取り付けられており、エアバッグ１０の内部側から外部側に延びてエアバッグ１０内の膨張用ガスＧを排気可能な流路６１ｂを有したハウジング６１ａを備え、流路６１ｂのエアバッグ１０における外部側の端部側に、ばね６１ｄで付勢された逆止弁６１ｃを配設させて、構成されている。この内圧制御機構６１では、エアバッグ１０の内圧が、所定値以上となった際に、ばね６１ｄの付勢力に抗して逆止弁６１ｃを開弁させ、エアバッグ１０内の膨張用ガスＧを外部に放出して、エアバッグ１０の内圧値が、所定値以上に上昇しないように、制御している。   As shown in FIG. 6, the internal pressure control mechanism 61 is attached to an inflator 60 disposed at a central position in the left-right direction. The internal pressure control mechanism 61 extends from the inner side of the airbag 10 to the outer side and expands in the airbag 10. A housing 61a having a flow path 61b capable of exhausting G is provided, and a check valve 61c biased by a spring 61d is disposed on the outer end side of the airbag 61 of the flow path 61b. Has been. In the internal pressure control mechanism 61, when the internal pressure of the airbag 10 becomes a predetermined value or more, the check valve 61c is opened against the biasing force of the spring 61d, and the inflation gas G in the airbag 10 is opened. Is controlled so that the internal pressure value of the airbag 10 does not rise above a predetermined value.

エアバッグ装置Ｓをフレーム２に連結するブラケット４０は、左右方向に延びた下側部４１と、下側部４１の中央付近から上方に延びるように配設される二つの上側部４３と、を備えて構成されている。下側部４１は、略水平方向に配置される横板部４１ａと横板部４１ａの前縁から上方に延びる縦板部４１ｂとを備えた断面Ｌ字状として、平面形状を、左右方向に沿った中央部４１ｃから左右両側部４１ｄ・４１ｅを、それぞれ、左右の前輪６・６に接近させるような斜め後方の外側に延ばすような形状として、配設されている。そして、横板部４１ａには、ケース２８を連結保持するための複数の連結孔４２が、形成されている。各連結孔４２には、ケース２８の天井壁部２９をブラケット４０に固定するためのボルト５３が挿通されている。なお、ボルト５３は、連結孔４２と天井壁部２９の連結孔３３とを挿通して、ナット５４に締結されることとなる。また、各上側部４３は、下側部４１の中央部４１ｃの左右両端付近における縦板部４１ｂから延設されるように上方に延びる縦板部４３ａと、縦板部４３ａの上端から前方側に延びる横板部４３ｂと、を備えて構成され、各横板部４３ｂには、ブラケット４０をサイドレール３に固定するための連結孔４４が、形成されている。各連結孔４４には、サイドレール３に固着されたナット３ａに締結されてブラケット４０をフレーム２のサイドレール３・３に固定するボルト５０が、挿通している。さらに、各上側部４３の左右両縁には、補強用のリブ４３ｃが配設されている。   The bracket 40 that connects the airbag device S to the frame 2 includes a lower side portion 41 that extends in the left-right direction, and two upper side portions 43 that are disposed so as to extend upward from near the center of the lower side portion 41. It is prepared for. The lower portion 41 has a cross-sectional L-shape including a horizontal plate portion 41a disposed in a substantially horizontal direction and a vertical plate portion 41b extending upward from the front edge of the horizontal plate portion 41a, and has a planar shape in the left-right direction. The left and right side portions 41d and 41e are arranged so as to extend from the center portion 41c along the outer side obliquely rearward so as to approach the left and right front wheels 6 and 6, respectively. A plurality of connecting holes 42 for connecting and holding the case 28 are formed in the horizontal plate portion 41a. Bolts 53 for fixing the ceiling wall portion 29 of the case 28 to the bracket 40 are inserted into the connection holes 42. The bolt 53 is fastened to the nut 54 through the connection hole 42 and the connection hole 33 of the ceiling wall portion 29. Each upper portion 43 includes a vertical plate portion 43a that extends upward so as to extend from the vertical plate portion 41b in the vicinity of the left and right ends of the central portion 41c of the lower side portion 41, and a front side from the upper end of the vertical plate portion 43a. The horizontal plate portion 43b extends to the side plate portion 43b, and a connecting hole 44 for fixing the bracket 40 to the side rail 3 is formed in each horizontal plate portion 43b. Bolts 50, which are fastened to nuts 3 a fixed to the side rails 3 and fix the bracket 40 to the side rails 3 and 3 of the frame 2, are inserted into the connection holes 44. Further, reinforcing ribs 43 c are disposed on the left and right edges of each upper portion 43.

ブラケット４６は、略上下方向に延びた台形形状の平板状として、上下の端部付近には、それぞれ、左右方向に並設される複数の連結孔４７・４８が形成されている。下方側の各連結孔４７は、ケース２８の側壁部３５をブラケット４６に固定させるためのボルト５６が、挿通され、ボルト５６は、連結孔４７とケース２８の側壁部３５に設けられた連結孔３６とを挿通してナット５７に締結されている。上方側の各連結孔４８は、クロスメンバ４に固着されたナット４ａに締結されて、ブラケット４６をフレーム２のクロスメンバ４に固定するボルト５１が、挿通している。   The bracket 46 is formed as a trapezoidal flat plate extending substantially in the vertical direction, and a plurality of connecting holes 47 and 48 arranged in the horizontal direction are formed in the vicinity of the upper and lower ends. Each lower connection hole 47 is inserted with a bolt 56 for fixing the side wall 35 of the case 28 to the bracket 46, and the bolt 56 is connected to the connection hole 47 and the side wall 35 of the case 28. 36 and is fastened to the nut 57. The upper connection holes 48 are fastened to nuts 4 a fixed to the cross member 4, and bolts 51 that fix the bracket 46 to the cross member 4 of the frame 2 are inserted therethrough.

ケース２８は、下方を開口させた箱形状の板金製として、前輪６・６の前方側における車体（ボディ）１の前端部１ａの下面側に、配設され、略水平方向に沿って配設される天井壁部２９と、天井壁部２９の外周縁の全周から下方に延びる筒状の側壁部３５と、を備えて構成されている。 The case 28 is made of a box-shaped sheet metal with an opening at the bottom, and is disposed on the lower surface side of the front end portion 1a of the vehicle body (body) 1 on the front side of the front wheels 6 and 6, and is disposed along a substantially horizontal direction. The ceiling wall part 29 and the cylindrical side wall part 35 extended downward from the entire circumference of the outer peripheral edge of the ceiling wall part 29 are configured.

天井壁部２９の平面形状は、ブラケット４０の下側部４１における横板部４１ａを前後方向で幅広に形成した形状として、左右方向に沿った中央部２９ａから左右両側部２９ｂ・２９ｃを、それぞれ、斜め後方の外側に延ばすような形状として、配設されている。中央部２９ａ、左側部２９ｂ、及び、右側部２９ｃは、それぞれ、ブラケット４０の下側部４１における中央部４１ｃ、左側部４１ｄ、及び、右側部４１ｅの各連結孔４２と対応する位置に、ボルト５３を挿通させる連結孔３３を、配設させている。これらの連結孔３３は、天井壁部２９における下側部４１と連結させる位置に対応させて、天井壁部２９の後縁側に、配設されている。   The planar shape of the ceiling wall portion 29 is a shape in which the horizontal plate portion 41a in the lower side portion 41 of the bracket 40 is formed wide in the front-rear direction, and the left and right side portions 29b and 29c from the center portion 29a along the left-right direction, It is arranged as a shape that extends diagonally rearward outside. The central portion 29a, the left side portion 29b, and the right side portion 29c are respectively bolts at positions corresponding to the respective connecting holes 42 of the central portion 41c, the left side portion 41d, and the right side portion 41e in the lower side portion 41 of the bracket 40. A connection hole 33 through which 53 is inserted is provided. These connection holes 33 are arranged on the rear edge side of the ceiling wall portion 29 in correspondence with the positions to be connected to the lower side portion 41 in the ceiling wall portion 29.

また、天井壁部２９の中央部２９ａには、円形に開口した複数（実施形態の場合には五個）の挿入孔３０が、左右方向に沿って並設されている。各挿入孔３０には、それぞれ、インフレーター６０の円柱状の本体部６０ａが、上方から挿入されている。各挿入孔３０の周縁には、それぞれ、４個ずつの取付孔３１が、上下方向に貫通されている。これらの取付孔３１には、各インフレーター６０を天井壁部２９の上面側から取り付け、また、エアバッグ１０に設けられた各インフレーター６０に対応するガス流入用開口１２の周縁１３を、天井壁部２９の下面側から取り付けて、周縁１３からの膨張用ガスの漏れを防止するためのリテーナ２０の各ボルト２０ａが、挿通されることとなる。   In addition, in the central portion 29a of the ceiling wall portion 29, a plurality of (in the case of the embodiment, five) insertion holes 30 that are opened in a circular shape are arranged in parallel along the left-right direction. A cylindrical main body 60a of the inflator 60 is inserted into each insertion hole 30 from above. At the periphery of each insertion hole 30, four mounting holes 31 are penetrated in the vertical direction. Each inflator 60 is attached to these attachment holes 31 from the upper surface side of the ceiling wall portion 29, and the peripheral edge 13 of the gas inflow opening 12 corresponding to each inflator 60 provided in the airbag 10 is attached to the ceiling wall portion. The bolts 20a of the retainer 20 that are attached from the lower surface side of the 29 and prevent leakage of the inflation gas from the peripheral edge 13 are inserted.

なお、各リテーナ２０は、インフレーター６０の本体部６０ａを挿通可能な孔を備えた略四角環状として、四隅に上方へ延びるボルト２０ａを設けて構成されている。そして、リテーナ２０は、ボルト２０ａとボルト２０ａに締結されるナット２１とを利用して、エアバッグ１０の開口１２の周縁１３とインフレーター６０とを、天井壁部２９に固定させる役目を果たしている。   Each retainer 20 is configured as a substantially square ring having a hole through which the main body 60a of the inflator 60 can be inserted, and is provided with bolts 20a extending upward at the four corners. The retainer 20 serves to fix the peripheral edge 13 of the opening 12 of the airbag 10 and the inflator 60 to the ceiling wall portion 29 by using the bolt 20a and the nut 21 fastened to the bolt 20a.

さらに、天井壁部２９の前縁側には、エアバッグ１０の取付補強部１６を天井壁部２９の下面側に固定するための複数の取付孔３２が、形成されている。各取付孔３２には、取付補強部１６の各取付孔１７とともに、ボルト２３が挿通され、そして、ボルト２３にナット２４が締結されることにより、エアバッグ１０の取付補強部１６が、エアバッグ１０の各開口１２の周縁１３における前側部１３ａより、前方側の位置に配置された状態で、天井壁部２９に取付固定されることとなる。   Further, a plurality of attachment holes 32 for fixing the attachment reinforcing portion 16 of the airbag 10 to the lower surface side of the ceiling wall portion 29 are formed on the front edge side of the ceiling wall portion 29. The bolts 23 are inserted into the mounting holes 32 together with the mounting holes 17 of the mounting reinforcing portions 16, and the nuts 24 are fastened to the bolts 23, so that the mounting reinforcing portions 16 of the airbag 10 are connected to the airbags. Thus, it is attached and fixed to the ceiling wall portion 29 in a state of being arranged at a position on the front side from the front side portion 13a in the peripheral edge 13 of each of the ten openings 12.

なお、エアバッグ１０の取付補強部１６を、エアバッグ１０の各開口１２の周縁１３における前側部１３ａより、前方側の位置に配置させた状態で、天井壁部２９に取付固定させる理由は、エアバッグ装置Ｓの作動時における開口周縁１３からのガス漏れを防止するためである。すなわち、図１０に示すように、膨張を完了させたエアバッグ１０が、下面１１ａ側を路面ＧＬに接触させ、その状態で、車両Ｖが前進していると、エアバッグ１０は、路面ＧＬとの摩擦抵抗により、下面１１ａ側が後方側へ引張られ、その際、天井壁部２９への取付部位としての取付補強部１６が無ければ、エアバッグ１０の後方側への引張力Ｔ（図１０参照）が、直接、開口周縁１３の前側部１３ａにおける取付孔１４の周縁部位に作用し、その部位を破断させたり伸ばしたりして、取付孔１４付近からガス漏れを生じさせる虞れが生ずる。しかし、各取付孔１４の前方側に、エアバッグ１０の天井壁部２９への取付部位、すなわち、取付補強部１６が配設されていれば、エアバッグ１０における路面ＧＬとの摩擦抵抗による後方側への引張力Ｔに対して、ボルト２３止めされた取付補強部１６が対抗できて、取付孔１４付近からのガス漏れを防止できる。そして勿論、この取付補強部１６自体は、膨張用ガスを流入させて膨らむ部位ではないことから、取付孔１７の周縁が伸びたり破断しても、ガス漏れは発生しない。なお、このようなエアバッグ１０の前縁部１３ａを後方側へ引張る引張力Ｔは、エアバッグ１０の膨張完了後において、歩行者と干渉する際にも、下側布１０ｂの表面に張力が発生することから、生じ得る。   The reason why the attachment reinforcing portion 16 of the airbag 10 is attached and fixed to the ceiling wall portion 29 in a state where the attachment reinforcing portion 16 is disposed at a position on the front side from the front side portion 13a in the peripheral edge 13 of each opening 12 of the airbag 10 is as follows. This is to prevent gas leakage from the opening peripheral edge 13 when the airbag apparatus S is activated. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, when the airbag 10 that has been inflated contacts the lower surface 11 a with the road surface GL, and the vehicle V is moving forward in this state, the airbag 10 is separated from the road surface GL. The lower surface 11a side is pulled rearward due to the frictional resistance of the airbag 10, and in this case, if there is no attachment reinforcing portion 16 as an attachment portion to the ceiling wall portion 29, a tensile force T toward the rear side of the airbag 10 (see FIG. 10). ) Directly acts on the peripheral portion of the mounting hole 14 in the front side portion 13a of the opening peripheral edge 13, and the portion may be broken or stretched to cause gas leakage from the vicinity of the mounting hole 14. However, if the attachment portion to the ceiling wall portion 29 of the airbag 10, that is, the attachment reinforcement portion 16 is disposed on the front side of each attachment hole 14, the rear side due to frictional resistance with the road surface GL in the airbag 10. The attachment reinforcing portion 16 secured to the bolt 23 can counter the tensile force T to the side, and gas leakage from the vicinity of the attachment hole 14 can be prevented. Of course, the attachment reinforcing portion 16 itself is not a portion that inflates when inflating gas is introduced, so that no gas leakage occurs even if the peripheral edge of the attachment hole 17 extends or breaks. Note that the tensile force T that pulls the front edge portion 13a of the airbag 10 rearward is such that the tension on the surface of the lower cloth 10b even when the airbag 10 interferes with a pedestrian after the inflation of the airbag 10 is completed. Can occur.

また、ケース２８の側壁部３５の下端には、略水平方向の外方へ延びるフランジ部３５ａが形成されており、このフランジ部３５ａに、図示しないクリップやボルト等の固定手段を利用して、カバー３８が固定されている。カバー３８は、合成樹脂等から形成されて、ケース２８の下端側における側壁部３５で囲まれた開口２８ａを覆うように配設されて、ケース２８内に収納されたエアバッグ１０が下方の路面ＧＬ側に膨張して突出できるように、エアバッグ１０に押されて破断し、そして、前後方向両側に開くように、配設されている。なお、カバー３８は、両開きでなく、後方側や前方側へ片開きで開くように構成してもよい。   Further, a flange portion 35a extending outward in a substantially horizontal direction is formed at the lower end of the side wall portion 35 of the case 28, and a fixing means such as a clip or a bolt (not shown) is used for the flange portion 35a. A cover 38 is fixed. The cover 38 is formed of a synthetic resin or the like, and is disposed so as to cover the opening 28a surrounded by the side wall portion 35 on the lower end side of the case 28, and the airbag 10 housed in the case 28 has a lower road surface. In order to be able to expand and protrude toward the GL side, the airbag 10 is pushed and broken, and is arranged so as to open on both sides in the front-rear direction. In addition, you may comprise the cover 38 so that it may be opened by one opening not only on both sides but on the back side or the front side.

エアバッグ１０は、図８・９に示すように、ポリエステル糸やポリアミド糸等を使用して織った基布Ｃを複数枚重ねるように接合させて形成され、実施形態の場合、略同形の上側布１０ａと下側布１０ｂとの外周縁を縫合若しくは接着等を利用して結合させて、形成されている。また、エアバッグ１０は、膨張用ガスを流入させて棒状に膨らむ本体部１１と、上側・下側布１０ａ・１０ｂの相互の結合代となる周縁部１５と、の部位を備えて構成されている。そして、実施形態の場合、周縁部１５の前縁側の部位１５ａが、取付補強部１６を構成することとなり、取付補強部１６には、既述したように、ケース天井壁部２９へ取り付け可能なように、ボルト２３を挿通させる取付孔１７が、形成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the airbag 10 is formed by joining a plurality of base fabrics C woven using polyester yarn, polyamide yarn or the like so as to overlap each other. The outer peripheral edge of the cloth 10a and the lower cloth 10b is formed by joining using sewing or adhesion. The airbag 10 is configured to include a portion of a main body portion 11 that inflates into a rod shape by inflating an inflation gas, and a peripheral edge portion 15 that serves as a coupling allowance between the upper and lower fabrics 10a and 10b. Yes. And in the case of embodiment, the site | part 15a of the front edge side of the peripheral part 15 will comprise the attachment reinforcement part 16, and it can attach to the case ceiling wall part 29 in the attachment reinforcement part 16 as stated above. Thus, the mounting hole 17 through which the bolt 23 is inserted is formed.

なお、エアバッグ１０は、下側布１０ｂを路面ＧＬに接触させる側としており、耐磨耗性を高めるために、下側布１０ｂを構成する基布Ｃの枚数が、上側布１０ａに使用する基布Ｃの枚数より、多く使用されている。実施形態の場合、具体的には、上側部１０ａは、基布Ｃが二枚重ねで使用され、下側布１０ｂは、基布Ｃが四枚重ねで使用されている。   The airbag 10 is on the side where the lower fabric 10b is brought into contact with the road surface GL, and the number of the base fabrics C constituting the lower fabric 10b is used for the upper fabric 10a in order to increase the wear resistance. It is used more than the number of base fabrics C. In the case of the embodiment, specifically, the upper portion 10a is used by stacking two base fabrics C, and the lower fabric 10b is used by stacking four base fabrics C.

また、上側布１０ａには、各インフレーター６０を挿入させるための五個の円形のガス流入用開口１２が形成されるとともに、各開口１２の周縁１３には、各リテーナ２０のボルト２０ａを挿通させる取付孔１４が形成されている。そして、これらの開口１２の配置位置は、上側布１０の前後方向の中央位置ではなく、前縁部１５ａ側に片寄らせるように接近させて、配設させている。すなわち、平らに展開させた際に同形状となる上側・下側布１０ａ・１０ｂの周縁相互を縫合や接着等を利用して結合させた結合バッグを使用して、このエアバッグ１０を構成する際、下側布１０ｂを路面ＧＬと接触する側とし、かつ、周縁部１５の前縁部１５ａを、開口１２の前方側に配置される取付補強部１６として利用することから、開口１２は、前縁部１５ａ側に片寄って配置させる必要が生ずるからである。   Further, five circular gas inflow openings 12 for inserting the inflators 60 are formed in the upper cloth 10a, and the bolts 20a of the retainers 20 are inserted into the peripheral edges 13 of the openings 12. A mounting hole 14 is formed. The positions of the openings 12 are not close to the center position in the front-rear direction of the upper cloth 10 but are arranged close to each other so as to be shifted toward the front edge portion 15a. In other words, the airbag 10 is configured by using a coupling bag in which the peripheral edges of the upper and lower fabrics 10a and 10b having the same shape when flatly deployed are coupled to each other using stitching or adhesion. At this time, the lower cloth 10b is used as a side in contact with the road surface GL, and the front edge portion 15a of the peripheral edge portion 15 is used as the attachment reinforcing portion 16 disposed on the front side of the opening 12. This is because it becomes necessary to displace the front edge portion 15a.

さらに、膨張完了状態の本体部１１は、車両搭載状態の平面形状を、ケース２８の開口２８ａの平面形状より大きな略相似形状として、左右方向に沿った中央部１１ｂと、中央部１１ｂの左右両端付近から斜め後方の外側に延ばした左右両側部１１ｃ・１１ｅと、を備える形状としている（図４・８参照）。なお、膨張完了時のエアバッグ本体部１１は、左右方向の幅寸法を、車両Ｖの左右方向の幅寸法と略等しく、また、上下方向の寸法を、下面１１ａが、前輪６・６の接触している路面ＧＬと接触できる寸法に、設定されている。   Further, the body portion 11 in the inflated state has a planar shape in a vehicle-mounted state as a substantially similar shape larger than the planar shape of the opening 28a of the case 28, and a central portion 11b along the left-right direction and left and right ends of the central portion 11b Left and right side portions 11c and 11e extending obliquely rearward from the vicinity are formed (see FIGS. 4 and 8). In addition, the airbag main body 11 at the time of the completion of inflation has a width dimension in the left-right direction substantially equal to a width dimension in the left-right direction of the vehicle V, and the bottom dimension 11a is in contact with the front wheels 6 and 6 in the vertical direction. It is set to the dimension which can contact the road surface GL which is carrying out.

そして、実施形態のエアバッグ１０では、車両搭載状態で膨張を完了させた際前輪６・６の制動と操舵とを可能に前輪６・６の路面ＧＬとの接触状態を維持させ、かつ、歩行者の巻き込みを防止可能に下面１１ａ側を路面ＧＬに圧接させる内圧を確保して、路面ＧＬと前輪６・６の前方側における車体１の前端部１ａの下面との間を塞いで膨張するように、設定されている。   The airbag 10 according to the embodiment maintains the contact state with the road surface GL of the front wheels 6 and 6 so that the front wheels 6 and 6 can be braked and steered when the inflation is completed in a vehicle-mounted state, and walking An internal pressure that presses the lower surface 11a against the road surface GL so as to prevent a person from being caught is secured, and the road surface GL and the lower surface of the front end portion 1a of the vehicle body 1 on the front side of the front wheels 6 and 6 are closed to expand. Is set.

特に、膨張完了時のエアバッグ１０は、前輪６・６の制動と操舵とを安定して確保することができるように、前輪６の路面ＧＬへの接地力を、実質的に、車両重量の１０％以上、望ましくは２０％以上、確保するように、設定されている。ちなみに、前輪６の路面ＧＬへの接地力が、実質的に、車両重量の１０％未満であると、前輪６の制動や操舵が困難となって、好ましくない。   In particular, the airbag 10 at the time of completion of inflation substantially reduces the ground contact force to the road surface GL of the front wheels 6 so that the braking and steering of the front wheels 6 and 6 can be stably secured. It is set to ensure 10% or more, desirably 20% or more. Incidentally, if the contact force of the front wheel 6 to the road surface GL is substantially less than 10% of the vehicle weight, it is not preferable because braking and steering of the front wheel 6 become difficult.

具体的には、実施形態の場合、車両としてのトラックＶが、車体重量を２６００Ｋｇｆとしており、積載重量を０Ｋｇｆとしていれば、このトラックＶでは、前輪６・６が、合計１６００Ｋｇｆ（車両重量の約６２％）の接地力を得て、図示しない後輪が、合計１０００ｋｇｆの接地力を得ている。また、トラックＶに搭載したエアバッグ装置Ｓの下面と路面ＧＬとの間隔、実施形態の場合、ケース２８のフランジ部３５ａと路面ＧＬとの間隔が、４００ｍｍとしている。さらに、エアバッグ装置Ｓを搭載したトラックＶを路面ＧＬから上方に持ち上げて、エアバッグ１０を自由膨張させた際、エアバッグ装置Ｓの下面、すなわち、ケース２８のフランジ部３５ａ、から下方へ突出したエアバッグ１０の下面１１ａまでのエアバッグ１０の直径が、４００ｍｍより僅かに大きな円形となるように、エアバッグ１０は、設定されている。   Specifically, in the case of the embodiment, if the truck V as a vehicle has a vehicle body weight of 2600 kgf and a loading weight of 0 kgf, the front wheels 6 and 6 have a total of 1600 kgf (about the vehicle weight). 62%), and the rear wheels (not shown) have a total contact force of 1000 kgf. In addition, the distance between the lower surface of the airbag device S mounted on the track V and the road surface GL, in the case of the embodiment, the distance between the flange portion 35a of the case 28 and the road surface GL is set to 400 mm. Furthermore, when the truck V carrying the airbag device S is lifted upward from the road surface GL and the airbag 10 is freely inflated, it protrudes downward from the lower surface of the airbag device S, that is, the flange portion 35a of the case 28. The airbag 10 is set so that the diameter of the airbag 10 up to the lower surface 11a of the airbag 10 is a circle slightly larger than 400 mm.

そしてまず、このような構成のエアバッグ装置Ｓを搭載したトラックＶの前輪６・６を路面ＧＬに接触させて、エアバッグ装置Ｓを作動させた際には、エアバッグ１０は、約６０Ｋｐａの内圧で膨張が完了し、前輪６・６は、エアバッグ装置Ｓの作動前の接地力より僅かに減少するのみで、車両重量の約６０％の接地力を確保することができた。   First, when the airbag device S is operated by bringing the front wheels 6 and 6 of the truck V on which the airbag device S having such a configuration is mounted into contact with the road surface GL, the airbag 10 is about 60 Kpa. Inflation was completed by the internal pressure, and the front wheels 6 and 6 were able to secure a ground contact force of about 60% of the vehicle weight only by slightly reducing the ground contact force before the operation of the airbag apparatus S.

また、このトラックＶに２０００Ｋｇｆの積載重量を作用させて、車両重量を４６００Ｋｇｆとした場合には、前輪６・６が、合計２１００Ｋｇｆ（車両重量の約４６％）の接地力となり、図示しない後輪が、合計２５００ｋｇｆの接地力を得た。この状態では、トラックＶに搭載したエアバッグ装置Ｓの下面と路面ＧＬとの間隔、実施形態の場合、ケース２８のフランジ部３５ａと路面ＧＬとの間隔が、３８０ｍｍとなった。そして、この状態で、エアバッグ１０が約６０Ｋｐａの内圧を確保して、エアバッグ装置Ｓを作動させた際には、エアバッグ１０が、作動初期、トラックＶの前端部１ａを持ち上げるばねのような働きをして、ケース２８のフランジ部３５ａと路面ＧＬとの間隔を、略４００ｍｍから３８０ｍｍとするように、振動させ、その後、３８０ｍｍと４００ｍｍとの間に、収束させた。この時の前輪６・６の接地力は、１６００Ｋｇｆと２１００ｋｇｆとの間、すなわち、車両重量（４６００Ｋｇｆ）の約３５％〜４６％の間で、振動して収束することとなって、実質的に、車両重量の１０％以上を確保できて、１０％未満とならず、前輪６・６の制動と操舵とを安定して確保することができることが解る。   Further, when a load weight of 2000 kgf is applied to the truck V and the vehicle weight is set to 4600 kgf, the front wheels 6 and 6 have a total contact force of 2100 kgf (about 46% of the vehicle weight), and a rear wheel (not shown) However, a total contact force of 2500 kgf was obtained. In this state, the distance between the lower surface of the airbag device S mounted on the track V and the road surface GL, in the case of the embodiment, the distance between the flange portion 35a of the case 28 and the road surface GL is 380 mm. In this state, when the airbag 10 secures an internal pressure of about 60 Kpa and operates the airbag device S, the airbag 10 acts as a spring that lifts the front end 1a of the track V at the initial stage of operation. It was vibrated so that the interval between the flange portion 35a of the case 28 and the road surface GL was approximately 400 mm to 380 mm, and then converged between 380 mm and 400 mm. At this time, the ground contact force of the front wheels 6 and 6 vibrates and converges between 1600 Kgf and 2100 kgf, that is, between about 35% to 46% of the vehicle weight (4600 Kgf). It can be seen that 10% or more of the vehicle weight can be ensured, not less than 10%, and the braking and steering of the front wheels 6 and 6 can be secured stably.

なお、エアバッグ１０の上記のように振動するばね特性は、エアバッグ１０の大きさ、内圧、あるいは、エアバッグ１０と接触する車体１やケース２８等との接触面積等によって、制御することが可能となる。   The spring characteristics of the airbag 10 that vibrate as described above can be controlled by the size of the airbag 10, the internal pressure, the contact area with the vehicle body 1, the case 28, or the like that contacts the airbag 10. It becomes possible.

また、エアバッグ１０の内圧は、既述したように、歩行者をエアバッグ１０と路面ＧＬとの間に入り込ませたりせず、あるいは、前輪６の接地力が、実質的に、車両重量の１０％以上確保できるように、エアバッグ装置Ｓを搭載する車両Ｖの前輪６側の荷重に対応させて、３０〜１５０Ｋｐａ、望ましくは、５０〜７０Ｋｐａの範囲内とすることが好ましい。   Further, as described above, the internal pressure of the airbag 10 does not allow a pedestrian to enter between the airbag 10 and the road surface GL, or the grounding force of the front wheels 6 is substantially equal to the vehicle weight. In order to ensure 10% or more, it is preferable to set the pressure within the range of 30 to 150 Kpa, preferably 50 to 70 Kpa, corresponding to the load on the front wheel 6 side of the vehicle V on which the airbag apparatus S is mounted.

そして、実施形態では、エアバッグ１０の内圧値の上限値が、上記の範囲内に入るように、内圧制御機構６１における逆止弁６１ｃや弁座６１ｅの開口６１ｆの大きさ、あるいは、ばね６１ｄの付勢力が、設定されている。   In the embodiment, the size of the check valve 61c and the opening 61f of the valve seat 61e in the internal pressure control mechanism 61 or the spring 61d is set so that the upper limit value of the internal pressure value of the airbag 10 falls within the above range. The urging force is set.

さらに、エアバッグ本体部１１の内部には、図８〜１１に示すように、膨張用ガスＧを左側部１１ｃと右側部１１ｅとの各端部１１ｄ・１１ｆまで迅速に供給できるように、整流布１８が配設されている。整流布１８は、基布Ｃと同様な布材から円筒状に形成され、開口１２や取付孔１４に対応する位置に、同形状の開口１８ａと貫通孔１８ｂとが、配設されて構成されている。この整流布１８は、左右方向の長さ寸法を、本体部１１の中央部１１ｂの左右方向の長さ寸法と略等しくし、膨張時の外径寸法を、膨張時の中央部１１ｂの略１／２としている。そして、この整流布１８は、各リテーナ２０とナット２１とによって、エアバッグ１１の開口周縁１３とともに、ケース２８の天井壁部２９に取り付けられている。   Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, the air bag body 11 is rectified so that the inflation gas G can be quickly supplied to the end portions 11d and 11f of the left side portion 11c and the right side portion 11e. A cloth 18 is provided. The rectifying cloth 18 is formed in a cylindrical shape from the same cloth material as that of the base cloth C, and has openings 18a and through holes 18b having the same shape disposed at positions corresponding to the openings 12 and the mounting holes 14. ing. The flow straightening cloth 18 has a length dimension in the left-right direction substantially equal to a length dimension in the left-right direction of the central portion 11 b of the main body 11, and an outer diameter size when expanded is substantially 1 of the central portion 11 b when expanded. / 2. The rectifying cloth 18 is attached to the ceiling wall portion 29 of the case 28 together with the opening peripheral edge 13 of the airbag 11 by the retainers 20 and the nuts 21.

この実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置Ｓでは、車両Ｖの歩行者との衝突を予測した際、図示しない制御装置が、ガス供給機構５９のインフレーター６０に作動信号を出力することから、インフレーター６０のガス吐出口６０ｂから膨張用ガスが吐出される。そのため、ケース２８に収納されていたエアバッグ１０が、図１・２・４・５の二点鎖線や図１０・１１の実線で示すように、膨張して、カバー３８を押し開いてケース２８の開口２８ａから下方へ突出し、膨張を完了させて、路面ＧＬと前輪６・６の前方側における車体１の前端部１ａの下面との間を塞いで、下面１１ａ側を路面ＧＬに圧接させることとなる。   In the pedestrian airbag device S of this embodiment, when a collision with the pedestrian of the vehicle V is predicted, a control device (not shown) outputs an operation signal to the inflator 60 of the gas supply mechanism 59. The expansion gas is discharged from the gas discharge port 60b. Therefore, the airbag 10 accommodated in the case 28 is inflated as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 5 and the solid line in FIGS. Projecting downward from the opening 28a of the vehicle, completing the expansion, closing the space between the road surface GL and the lower surface of the front end 1a of the vehicle body 1 on the front side of the front wheels 6 and 6, and pressing the lower surface 11a side against the road surface GL. It becomes.

この膨張完了時のエアバッグ１０は、前輪６・６の制動と操舵とを可能に前輪６・６の路面ＧＬとの接触状態を維持させ、かつ、歩行者の巻き込みを防止可能に下面１１ａ側を路面ＧＬに圧接させる内圧を確保して、膨張を完了させていることから、車両Ｖは、前輪６・６の制動時には、減速が可能となり、また、前輪６・６の操舵時には、向きを変えて、危険エリア等から移動できる。そして勿論、歩行者が転倒していても、膨張を完了させたエアバッグ１１は、下面１１ａ側を路面ＧＬに圧接させており、車体１の前端部１ａの下面側への歩行者の巻き込みを防止することができる。   The airbag 10 at the time of completion of inflation maintains the contact state with the road surface GL of the front wheels 6 and 6 so that the front wheels 6 and 6 can be braked and steered, and can prevent the pedestrian from being caught. The vehicle V can be decelerated when the front wheels 6 and 6 are braked, and the direction when the front wheels 6 and 6 are steered is secured. You can change and move from dangerous areas. And of course, even if the pedestrian falls, the airbag 11 that has completed the inflation presses the lower surface 11a side against the road surface GL, and the pedestrian is involved in the lower surface side of the front end 1a of the vehicle body 1. Can be prevented.

したがって、実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置Ｓでは、車両Ｖの前輪６・６の制動と操舵とを確保して、歩行者の巻き込みを防止することができる。   Therefore, in the airbag apparatus S for pedestrians of embodiment, the braking and steering of the front wheels 6 and 6 of the vehicle V can be ensured, and a pedestrian can be prevented from getting involved.

特に、膨張完了時のエアバッグ１０が、前輪６・６の路面ＧＬへの接地力を、実質的に、車両重量の１０％以上確保するように、設定されていることから、前輪６・６の制動と操舵とを安定して確保することができる。   In particular, since the airbag 10 at the completion of the inflation is set so as to substantially secure 10% or more of the vehicle weight with respect to the road surface GL of the front wheels 6 and 6, the front wheels 6 and 6 are set. The braking and the steering can be stably ensured.

また、実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置Ｓでは、エアバッグ１０に膨張用ガスを供給するガス供給機構５９が、膨張用ガスを発生させるガス発生器としてのインフレーター６０と、エアバッグ１０の膨張完了後の内圧を維持可能な内圧制御機構６１と、を設けて構成されている。そのため、内圧制御機構６１により、エアバッグ１０の膨張完了後の内圧が、内圧制御機構６１を備えない場合に比べて、長い時間にわたって維持されることから、歩行者の接近に伴ってエアバッグ１０を膨張させた後、遅れて歩行者がエアバッグ１０に当たることとなっても、エアバッグ１０が歩行者の巻き込みを防止できる。そして勿論、前輪６・６の制動と操舵とは、確保されていることから、車両Ｖの減速や車両Ｖの方向転換等の車両Ｖの操縦に、支障を生じない。   In the pedestrian airbag device S of the embodiment, the gas supply mechanism 59 that supplies the inflation gas to the airbag 10 includes the inflator 60 as a gas generator that generates the inflation gas, and the inflation of the airbag 10. And an internal pressure control mechanism 61 capable of maintaining the internal pressure after completion. For this reason, the internal pressure control mechanism 61 maintains the internal pressure after completion of the inflation of the airbag 10 over a longer time than when the internal pressure control mechanism 61 is not provided. Even if the pedestrian hits the airbag 10 with a delay after inflating the airbag, the airbag 10 can prevent the pedestrian from being involved. And of course, since the braking and steering of the front wheels 6 and 6 are ensured, there is no problem in the steering of the vehicle V such as the deceleration of the vehicle V and the change of direction of the vehicle V.

本発明の一実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置が搭載された車両の概略部分側面図である。1 is a schematic partial side view of a vehicle on which a pedestrian airbag device according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted. 同実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置が搭載された車両の概略正面図である。It is a schematic front view of the vehicle by which the airbag apparatus for pedestrians of the embodiment is mounted. 同実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置が搭載された車両の概略部分平面図である。It is a general | schematic fragmentary top view of the vehicle by which the airbag apparatus for pedestrians of the embodiment is mounted. 同実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置が搭載された車両の概略部分底面図である。It is a general | schematic partial bottom view of the vehicle by which the airbag apparatus for pedestrians of the embodiment is mounted. 同実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置の概略縦断面図であり、図３・４のＶ−Ｖ部位に対応する。It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the airbag apparatus for pedestrians of the embodiment, and respond | corresponds to the VV site | part of FIG. 同実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置の内圧制御機構を示す概略部分縦断面図である。It is a general | schematic fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows the internal pressure control mechanism of the airbag apparatus for pedestrians of the embodiment. 同実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置に利用するフレーム、ブラケット、ケース、インフレーター、及び、リテーナの概略分解斜視図である。It is a general | schematic disassembled perspective view of the flame | frame, bracket, case, inflator, and retainer which are utilized for the airbag apparatus for pedestrians of the embodiment. 同実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置に使用するエアバッグの平面図である。It is a top view of the airbag used for the airbag apparatus for pedestrians of the embodiment. 同実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置に使用するエアバッグの縦断面図であり、図８のIX−IX部位に対応する。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the airbag used for the airbag apparatus for pedestrians of the embodiment, and respond | corresponds to the IX-IX site | part of FIG. 同実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置の作動時を示す拡大概略縦断面図である。It is an expansion schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the time of the action | operation of the airbag apparatus for pedestrians of the embodiment. 同実施形態の歩行者用エアバッグ装置の作動時を示す概略縦断面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the time of the action | operation of the airbag apparatus for pedestrians of the embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…（車体）ボディ、
１ａ…前端部、
２…フレーム、
６…前輪、
１０…エアバッグ、
１１ａ…（エアバッグの）下面、
５９…ガス供給機構、
６０…（ガス発生器）インフレーター、
６１…内圧制御機構、
６１ｃ…逆止弁、
Ｖ…車両、
ＧＬ…路面、
Ｓ…歩行者用エアバッグ装置。 1 ... (Body) Body,
1a ... front end,
2 ... Frame,
6 ... Front wheels,
10 ... Airbag,
11a ... the lower surface (of the airbag),
59 ... Gas supply mechanism,
60 ... (gas generator) inflator,
61 ... Internal pressure control mechanism,
61c ... Check valve,
V ... Vehicle,
GL ... road surface,
S: Air bag device for pedestrians.

Claims (3)

車両の前輪の前方側における車体に、膨張可能なエアバッグを収納させ、作動時、歩行者の前方側からの巻き込みを防止可能に、前記エアバッグを膨張させる構成の歩行者用エアバッグ装置であって、
折り畳んだ前記エアバッグと前記エアバッグに膨張用ガスを供給するガス発生器とを収納するケースが、下方を開口させた箱形状として、天井壁部と、該天井壁部の外周縁の全周から下方に延びる筒状の側壁部と、を備えて構成されて、前記前輪の前方側における車体の前端部の下面側に配設されて、
前記ガス発生器が、前記エアバッグに供給する膨張用ガスを吐出する複数のガス吐出口を下端側に備えて、前記エアバッグとともに、前記天井壁部に固定され、
前記エアバッグが、膨張時に前記ケースの開口から下方へ突出するとともに、膨張完了時に、前記エアバッグ装置の作動前より前記前輪の接地力を減少させつつ、前記前輪の制動と操舵とを可能に前記前輪の路面との接触状態を維持させ、かつ、歩行者の巻き込みを防止可能に下面側を前記路面に圧接させる内圧を確保して、前記路面と前記前輪の前方側における前記車体の前端部の下面との間を塞いで膨張するように、配設されていることを特徴とする歩行者用エアバッグ装置。 A pedestrian airbag device configured to inflate an inflatable airbag in a vehicle body on the front side of a front wheel of a vehicle, and to inflate the airbag from the front side of the pedestrian during operation. There,
The case that houses the folded airbag and the gas generator that supplies the inflation gas to the airbag has a box shape with an opening at the bottom, the ceiling wall, and the entire circumference of the outer peripheral edge of the ceiling wall A cylindrical side wall portion extending downward from the front wheel, disposed on the lower surface side of the front end portion of the vehicle body on the front side of the front wheel,
The gas generator includes a plurality of gas discharge ports for discharging inflation gas supplied to the airbag on the lower end side, and is fixed to the ceiling wall portion together with the airbag.
The airbag protrudes downward from the opening of the case when inflated, and when the inflation is completed , the front wheel can be braked and steered while reducing the ground contact force of the front wheel from before the operation of the airbag device. A front end portion of the vehicle body on the road surface and the front side of the front wheel is secured by maintaining an internal pressure that keeps the lower surface side in pressure contact with the road surface so as to maintain contact with the road surface of the front wheel and prevent a pedestrian from being caught A pedestrian airbag device, wherein the airbag device is disposed so as to be inflated by closing a space between the lower surface of the pedestrian and the lower surface of the pedestrian. 膨張完了時の前記エアバッグが、前記前輪の路面への接地力を、車両重量の１０％以上確保するように、設定されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の歩行者用エアバッグ装置。 2. The pedestrian airbag according to claim 1, wherein the airbag when inflated is set so as to secure a ground contact force to the road surface of the front wheel of 10% or more of a vehicle weight. 3. apparatus. 前記エアバッグに膨張用ガスを供給するガス供給機構を備え、該ガス供給機構が、膨張用ガスを発生させる前記ガス発生器と、前記エアバッグの膨張完了後の内圧を維持可能な内圧制御機構と、を備えて構成されていることを特徴とする請求項１若しくは請求項２に記載の歩行者用エアバッグ装置。 Wherein comprising a gas supply mechanism for supplying inflation gas to the airbag, the gas supply mechanism, and said gas generator for generating inflation gas, the airbag inflation after completion of the internal pressure can be maintained internal pressure control mechanism The pedestrian airbag device according to claim 1, wherein the pedestrian airbag device is provided.
JP2004329066A 2004-11-12 2004-11-12 Pedestrian airbag device Expired - Fee Related JP4423169B2 (en)

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JP2004329066A JP4423169B2 (en) 2004-11-12 2004-11-12 Pedestrian airbag device
DE102005053960A DE102005053960A1 (en) 2004-11-12 2005-11-11 Pedestrian protecting airbag system for vehicle, has airbag supporting contact of front wheels with road upper surface, where wheels are slowed by brakes and airbag brings lower surface of airbag in press contact with upper surface

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