JP4416853B2 - Building structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure of a building having a large space such as a gymnasium.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In buildings with large internal spaces such as gymnasiums and other indoor sports spaces, the comfort of the internal space may be secured by natural ventilation in order to eliminate the initial cost and running cost of the cooling equipment. is there. As shown in FIG. 3, in such a building 1, a large opening surface 13 is provided on the outer wall 11 so as to be opened and closed. Further, a deep ridge 15 is provided above the opening surface 13 in order to block the invasion of sunlight h from the opening surface 13.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the sporting events held in the gymnasium, there are events that dislike the invasion of sunlight, and events that obligate shading and prevention of glare on the opening surface in order to perform formal competitions. However, in a building having the above structure, it is not possible to prevent the invasion of sunlight from the horizontal direction such as the western sun and glare of the opening surface.
[0004]
For this reason, air conditioning equipment may have to be installed for summer competitions that are held only a few times a year. In such buildings, the initial cost and running cost of the cooling equipment are low. There was a problem of a heavy burden.
[0005]
Therefore, the present invention provides a structure of a building that can prevent the invasion of sunlight from the horizontal direction and the glare of the opening surface while ensuring comfort by natural ventilation, thereby increasing the internal space. And it aims at reducing the installation cost in the building which needs light shielding.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the structure of the building of the present invention for achieving the above object, the first light shielding surface material is provided along the internal space covered with the roof. A first opening surface is provided between the roof and the first light shielding surface material. In addition, a second light-shielding surface material is provided at a lower portion of the roof outside the first light-shielding surface material in a state that is substantially the same height as the first opening surface and is spaced from the first light-shielding surface material. Is provided. And the 2nd opening surface is provided in the lower part of this 2nd light-shielding surface material at the substantially the same height as the 1st light-shielding surface material.
[0007]
In the structure of the building, the first opening surface on the first light shielding surface member provided along the internal space is disposed at a position higher than the second opening surface below the second light shielding surface material on the outer side. Therefore, the sun is not directly irradiated to the first opening surface. For this reason, the penetration | invasion of the sunlight from the said 1st opening surface to internal space and the glare of the said 1st opening surface are prevented. In addition, since a space is provided between the first light shielding surface material and the second light shielding surface material outside the first light shielding surface material, a space connecting the first opening surface and the second opening surface is formed between them. . Therefore, natural ventilation between the internal space inside the first opening surface and the external space outside the second opening surface is achieved through this space.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a building to which the present invention is applied, and an embodiment of the building of the present invention will be described below using this drawing.
[0009]
The building 2 shown in this figure has a large-area internal space 21 such as a gymnasium, for example, and has a roof 22 that covers the internal space 21. The roof 22 is supported by pillars and beams, not shown here, or wall surfaces partially provided around the internal space 21. In the case where a wall surface is provided, the wall surface is disposed only in a part along the internal space 21.
[0010]
Then, a first light shielding surface material 23 and an outer side of the first light shielding surface material 23 are provided on at least two side surfaces along the internal space 21 of the building 2, preferably on each side surface facing the internal space 21. And a second light-shielding surface member 25 provided on the surface. In addition, a first opening surface 23 a is provided above the first light shielding surface material 23, and a second opening surface 25 a is provided below the second light shielding surface material 25.
[0011]
The first light-shielding surface material 23 is, for example, at the same position as the outer wall in the conventional building (gymnasium) described with reference to FIG. 3 and, for example, the lower half of the height from the floor surface 27 to the roof 22 It is assumed that it is provided over a certain height. The first light shielding surface material 23 is made of, for example, a blind or a wall material having light shielding properties.
[0012]
And the 1st opening surface 23a provided in the upper part of this 1st light shielding surface material 23 is the state between the 1st light shielding surface material 23 and the roof 22 in the state which open | releases the internal space 21, ie, a 1st light shielding surface. It is provided from the upper end of the material 23 to the lower surface of the roof 22.
[0013]
Further, the second light shielding surface material 25 provided on the outside of the first light shielding surface material 23 is disposed in the lower portion of the roof 22. A predetermined distance d is provided in the horizontal direction between the second light-shielding surface member 25 and the first light-shielding surface material 23, so that the space between the first light-shielding surface material 23 and the second light-shielding surface material 25 is provided. A space (hereinafter referred to as a buffer space) 29 is arranged in the space. The distance d is set to be approximately the same as the depth (overhang length) of the ridge provided on the opening of the outer wall in the prior art described with reference to FIG. As a result, the building 2 has an internal space 21 having the same outer circumference as the conventional building and the same size. The second light shielding surface member 25 is disposed at substantially the same height as the first opening 23 a, that is, from the lower surface of the roof 22 to the height of the upper end of the first light shielding surface material 23. This 2nd light shielding surface material 25 shall be comprised by the wall surface which has a blind and light-shielding property, for example.
[0014]
And the 2nd opening surface 25a provided in the lower part of this 2nd light shielding surface material 25 is the state which made the 2nd light shielding surface material 25, the floor surface 27, and the exterior space of the building 2 and the said buffer space 29 communicate. It is set up between. In addition, the second opening surface 25 a is disposed at substantially the same height as the first light shielding surface material 23, that is, from the floor surface 27 to the height of the upper end of the first light shielding surface material 23.
[0015]
In the structure of the building 2, the first opening surface 23 a on the first light shielding surface material 23 provided along the internal space 21 is more than the second opening surface 25 a below the second light shielding surface material 25 on the outer side. It will be placed at a high position. Therefore, the first opening surface 23a is not directly irradiated with the sunlight h from each height direction including the sunlight from the horizontal direction such as the western sun. Therefore, it is possible to prevent sunlight h from entering the internal space 21 from the first opening surface 23a and to prevent glare from the first opening surface 23a.
[0016]
In addition, by providing a distance d between the first light shielding surface material 23 and the second light shielding surface material 25 outside the first light shielding surface material 23, the buffer space that connects the first opening surface 23a and the second opening surface 25a therebetween. 29 is formed. Therefore, as indicated by arrows in the figure, it is possible to achieve natural ventilation between the internal space 21 inside the first opening surface 23a and the external space outside the second opening surface 25a through the buffer space 29. Become. In addition, since the light shielding surface members 23 and 25 and the opening surfaces 23a and 25a are preferably disposed on the respective side surfaces facing each other with the internal space 21 in between, natural ventilation introduced into the indoor space 21 is generated in the indoor space 21. The air passes through the center and is discharged to the outdoor space. At this time, natural ventilation can be spread over a wider area of the indoor space 21.
[0017]
As a result, in the building 2, comfort by natural ventilation can be ensured and the light shielding state in the internal space 21 can be ensured. Therefore, the cost required for the cooling equipment can be reduced in the building 2 that is required to have a light shielding property while having a large internal space.
[0018]
Note that the upper end of the first light shielding surface member 23 and the lower end of the second light shielding surface material 25 are overlapped in the height direction as necessary. By providing the overlap, it is possible to reliably block sunlight from a lower angle (horizontal direction) with the second light shielding surface member 25.
Moreover, when the building 2 having the above structure has a wall surface, the first light shielding surface material 23, the first opening surface 23a, the second light shielding surface material 25, and the second opening surface 25a are arranged on the wall surface. It will be installed in the part which is not done. Even in this case, the light shielding surface materials 23 and 25 and the opening surfaces 23a and 25a are disposed on side surfaces in at least two directions along the internal space 21, preferably on each side surface facing the internal space 21.
[0019]
In FIG. 2, it is principal part sectional drawing which shows the other structure of the building to which this invention is applied. The difference between the building 3 shown in this figure and the building 2 described with reference to FIG. 1 is that the first light shielding surface material 23, the first opening surface 23a, the second light shielding surface material 25, and the second opening surface. It is in the arrangement state of 25a.
FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a portion where the light shielding surface members 23 and 25 and the opening surfaces 23a and 25a are disposed.
[0020]
As shown in the figure, in the building 3, a first light shielding surface member 23 and a first opening surface 23a, which are divided into two parts in the vertical direction, are provided between the roof 33 and the floor surface 27, on the outside thereof. Are provided with a second light shielding surface member 25 and a second opening surface 25a which are divided into two parts. And with respect to the 1st light shielding surface material 23 and the 1st opening surface 23a which were arrange | positioned above among the 2 parts divided | segmented, the 2nd light shielding surface material 25 and 2nd opening which were arrange | positioned above among the 2 parts divided | segmented The surface 25a is arranged maintaining the same height position as the building described with reference to FIG. Further, the second light shielding surface material 25 and the second opening surface 25a disposed below the first light shielding surface material 23 and the first opening surface 23a disposed below will be described with reference to FIG. It is arranged keeping the same height position as the building.
[0021]
Further, a collar 31 is provided on the outer periphery of the second light shielding surface member 25 and the second opening surface 25a. For example, the ridge 31 is provided continuously from the roof 33 of the building 3 as illustrated, or provided separately from the roof 33. Further, the second light shielding surface material 25 (that is, the one disposed above the second light shielding surface material 25) immediately below the ridge 31 may be configured as a louver for exhausting heat inside the roof 33. .
[0022]
In the buffer space 29 between the first light shielding surface member 23 and the second light shielding surface material 25, a partition 37 for dividing the height direction in the buffer space 29 vertically is provided. The partition 37 is provided at a position above the lower first opening surface 23 a and below the upper second opening surface 25 a, whereby the lower portion 29 a of the buffer space 29 partitioned by the partition 37. The first opening surface 23a and the second opening surface 25a are provided in both the upper portion 29b and the upper portion 29b. Further, in order to effectively use the lower portion 29a and the upper portion 29b of the buffer space 29 for various purposes, the distance d between the first light shielding surface material 23 and the second light shielding surface material 25 is set to be wider according to the purpose. The partition 37 may be formed as a floor surface. In this case, the buffer space 29 can be configured to have a two-story structure by hanging a step (not shown) on the partition 37.
[0023]
In the building 3 configured as described above, the partition 37 is provided in the buffer space 29, so that the sunlight that has entered from the upper second opening 25a does not reach the lower first opening 23a. Therefore, similarly to the building described with reference to FIG. 1, it is possible to prevent sunlight from entering the internal space 21 from the first opening surface 23a and to prevent glare from the first opening surface 23a. Further, as indicated by the arrows in the figure, natural ventilation between the internal space 21 and the external space of the building 3 can be achieved through the buffer space 29. As a result, in a building having a large internal space and requiring light shielding, it is possible to reduce the cost required for cooling equipment.
[0024]
Here, the case where the buffer space 29 is vertically divided into two has been described, but the number of divisions of the buffer space 29 is not limited to this, and the buffer space 29 is vertically divided by two or more partitions 37. By dividing into three or more parts and arranging the first opening surface 23a and the second opening surface 25a in each of the divided parts, the same effects as those of the respective buildings can be obtained.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the structure of the building of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the invasion of sunlight from the first opening surface arranged facing the internal space and the glare of the first opening surface. At the same time, it is possible to ensure the comfort of the internal space by achieving natural ventilation between the internal space and the external space. As a result, it is possible to reduce the cost of air conditioning equipment in a building having a large space and requiring light shielding.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a building to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing another example of a building to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional building.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2, 3 ... Building, 21 ... Interior space, 22 ... Roof, 23 ... 1st light shielding surface material, 23a ... 1st opening surface, 25 ... 2nd light shielding surface material, 25a ... 2nd opening surface

Claims (1)

A first light-shielding surface material provided as a wall surface along the internal space covered by the roof;
A first opening surface provided between the roof and the first light shielding surface material;
In a state where the lower part of the roof outside the first light shielding surface material has a predetermined distance in the horizontal direction between the first light shielding surface material and substantially the same height as the first opening surface. A second light-shielding surface material provided as a wall surface along the internal space provided with the first light-shielding surface material;
A second opening surface provided at a lower portion of the second light shielding surface material at substantially the same height as the first light shielding surface material;
A structure of a building characterized by comprising

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