JP4402476B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pulverizer used for producing pharmaceuticals and foods.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a conventional general grinder. In this pulverizer, the material to be crushed charged from the hopper A is conveyed into the pulverizing chamber C by the rotation of the screw feeder B having spiral blades. In the crushing chamber C, a rotating shaft D is horizontally disposed, and a hammer E is rotatably provided on the rotating shaft D. Further, an uneven lining F and a screen G having a large number of holes are provided on the peripheral side wall of the grinding chamber C. Therefore, the object to be crushed conveyed into the pulverizing chamber C is pulverized by the hammer E and the lining F, and the pulverized object is discharged to the outside through the screen G.

  In such a conventional pulverizer, the rotary shaft D of the hammer E is held by a ball case having a plurality of ball bearings at both ends. Further, in order to rotationally drive the rotating shaft D, a pulley is provided at one end of the rotating shaft D, and transmission by a V belt is performed between the pulley provided on the output shaft of the motor. Further, in the conventional pulverizer, the pulverization chamber C is a vertically divided type with the center of the rotation axis D as the base, and it is necessary to lift and open the upper half H for disassembly and cleaning.

  In the conventional pulverizer, both end portions of the rotary shaft D of the hammer E are respectively supported by ball cases. Therefore, when disassembling and cleaning the inside of the pulverizing chamber C, it is necessary to disassemble at least one of the ball cases and to assemble after the cleaning, which requires not only labor and time but also skill. Moreover, the portion H to be lifted to open the crushing chamber C is heavy, and its opening and closing is heavy labor.

  In addition, since the rotating shaft D of the hammer E is held at both ends, the material to be crushed into the crushing chamber C cannot be introduced from the axial direction of the rotating shaft D, but the radial direction of the rotating shaft D (the rotating hammer E The outer periphery). For this reason, in order to resist the centrifugal force generated by the rotating hammer E, the material to be crushed into the crushing chamber C is only fed by the screw feeder B, and other raw material supply mechanisms cannot be employed. Further, in the configuration in which the object to be crushed is charged from the outer peripheral portion of the rotating hammer E, there is a possibility that the blowout to the raw material supply side may occur due to the wind generated by the rotating hammer E.

  Further, since the rotary shaft D of the hammer E is driven by the pulley and the V belt between the output shaft of the motor and the output of the desired rotation speed cannot be obtained due to the slip of the V belt.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its main purpose is that it is easy to disassemble and assemble, can employ various raw material supply mechanisms, can prevent ejection to the raw material supply side, and has a desired stability. An object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizer capable of obtaining a high rotational speed.

The pulverizer of the present invention is a pulverizer for pulverizing an object to be pulverized by the impact force of a hammer that rotates at high speed. A rotating cantilevered shaft that is not mounted, a hammer that is removably attached to the tip of the rotating shaft, and a crushing chamber that has a screen and rotatably accommodates the hammer, A boss fitted to the rotating shaft from the tip side, an extending portion extending radially outward from the boss, and an outer periphery of the extending portion at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and each axial direction of the rotating shaft A plurality of hammer bodies provided so as to extend along an annular ring fixed to the hammer body and fixed to the inner peripheral portion on the front end side of the plurality of hammer bodies, hammer The extending portion, the than the longitudinal center portion of the hammer body provided at the base end side, the hammer body is provided so as to extend into the rotary shaft frontward of the front end portion of the grinding The chamber opens to the front end side of the rotating shaft, and a door is provided in the opening so that the door can be opened and closed. The door is provided with an inlet for the object to be crushed and a hinge provided at one side end. It is configured so that the hammer can be attached to and detached from the opening when the door is opened, and the tip of the rotating shaft is inserted into the rotating shaft when the hammer is fitted to the rotating shaft. A threaded portion for selectively attaching an extension shaft that extends from the opening to the tip side of the rotating shaft so as to become a jig, and a hammer cap for fixing a hammer fitted in the rotating shaft and characterized in that are provided That.

  Further, the pulverizer of the present invention preferably has, in addition to the above configuration, the pulverization chamber provided with a lining for pulverization between the hammer body and the screen on the peripheral side surface thereof, This lining includes a lining with a jagged line and a lining without a jagged line, and the lining with a jagged line, the lining without a jagged line, and the screen are arranged in order from the rotation direction of the hammer.

  In addition to the above configuration, the pulverizer of the present invention is preferably characterized in that the rotating shaft is directly connected to an output shaft of a motor and is driven to rotate.

  The crusher of the present invention preferably further includes a sensor for detecting opening / closing of the door of the crushing chamber, in addition to the above-described configuration, and based on the output of the sensor, the rotating shaft in the opened state of the door Is stopped.

  In the pulverizer according to the present invention, preferably, in addition to any one of the above-described configurations, a collection unit for the material to be pulverized discharged through the screen is disposed in the lower part of the pulverization chamber. The upper portion is provided with a filter that communicates with the recovery unit and captures the object to be pulverized and allows air to escape outward.

  Further, the pulverizer of the present invention preferably has a partition for partitioning the first region on the collection unit side and the second region on the outside air side in addition to the above configuration, and extends from the partition to the first region side. A filter box that communicates between the first region and the second region via a filter that is provided, and a vibration mechanism that shakes the filter in the filter box.

  Further, the pulverizer of the present invention preferably includes a backwashing mechanism that injects air from the second area toward the first area instead of or in addition to the vibration mechanism, in addition to the above configuration. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, the rotating shaft of the hammer is a cantilever shaft, and the hammer is fitted and attached to the cantilever shaft. Therefore, it is not necessary to disassemble the bearing parts already described in the prior art when attaching and detaching the hammer. Thereby, there is no heavy material decomposition | disassembly and a decomposition | disassembly component number is reduced significantly. Further, it is possible to provide a crushing chamber door on the front end side of the rotating shaft, and it is possible to easily work from the front side of the crusher, saving labor and time in disassembling, cleaning and assembling the components in the crushing chamber. In addition, since the door can be opened and closed in the horizontal direction, it is possible to reduce the human burden when the door is opened and closed even if the apparatus is enlarged.

  In addition, by using the rotating shaft of the hammer as a cantilever shaft, it is possible to put the object to be crushed into the pulverizing chamber from the surface on the tip side of the rotating shaft. As a result, it is possible to prevent the blowing to the raw material supply side by the wind generated by the rotation of the hammer already described in the prior art, and the suction effect by the rotation of the hammer can be used. It can be used for various raw material supply mechanisms such as screw supply machines and rotary valve supply machines. In addition, the hammer body on the outer periphery of the hammer extends from the distal end of the rotating shaft toward the distal end, and the extending portion that holds the hammer on the rotating shaft is shifted from the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the hammer body to the proximal end side. As a result, the material to be crushed charged into the pulverization chamber can be dispersed and pulverized over the entire longitudinal direction of the hammer body without being disturbed in the pulverization chamber.

  Further, by directly connecting the rotation shaft of the hammer to the output shaft of the motor, the rotation of the motor can be reliably transmitted to the hammer without causing slippage due to the combination of the V pulley and the V belt in the conventional configuration.

Hereinafter, the pulverizer of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the pulverizer of the present invention, where (a) is a front view, (b) is a right side view, (c) is a left side view, and (d) is a plan view. is there.

  As shown in this figure, the pulverizer of this embodiment includes a hopper 1 into which a material to be crushed is charged, a screw feeder 3 that guides the material to be crushed from the hopper 1 to the pulverization chamber 2, and a screw feeder 3. The pulverizing chamber 2 for pulverizing the material to be crushed by the hammer 4, the discharge chute 5 for the pulverized material led out from the crushing chamber 2, and the filter box 6 provided above the discharge chute 5 are mainly used. Prepare as a part.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of the grinding chamber of the grinding machine of this example. FIG. 3 is a view showing a state in which the door 7 of the crushing chamber 2 is opened, and shows a state viewed from the tip end side of the rotating shaft 8.

  The rotating shaft 8 of the grinding hammer 4 is driven to rotate by a motor 9. At that time, the pulley provided on the rotating shaft 8 of the hammer 4 and the pulley provided on the output shaft of the motor 9 may be bridged by a V-belt to transmit power, but in this embodiment, the rotation of the hammer 4 The shaft 8 is directly connected to the output shaft 9 a of the motor 9. Specifically, a plate-like motor base 10 is vertically arranged and held on the frame of the pulverizer, and the motor 9 is held on the motor base 10. At that time, the output shaft 9 a of the motor 9 is horizontally disposed, and the output shaft 9 a is attached through the motor base 10. In this embodiment, the output shaft 9 a of the motor 9 is the rotating shaft 8 of the hammer 4. Further, the rotating shaft 8 of this embodiment has a stepped round bar shape, and the base end side large diameter portion 8 a is disposed in the through hole of the motor base 10.

  The crushing chamber 2 is provided on the distal end side of the rotary shaft 8 (output shaft 9a) penetrating the motor base 10. The crushing chamber 2 is formed by a lining 12 and a screen 13 provided in a case 11 having a substantially cylindrical shape that is laterally oriented. The case 11 is arranged perpendicular to the plate surface of the motor base 10 and concentric with the rotary shaft 8. The case 11 is closed at the base end by a wall plate 14 that is spaced apart from the motor base 10 and provided in parallel with the motor base 10, while the opening on the distal end side can be opened and closed by the door 7. Between the motor base 10 and the wall plate 14, a shaft sealing member 15 such as a disc-shaped seal ring or labyrinth ring is provided.

  The rotating shaft 8 is provided through the shaft sealing member 15 and the wall plate 14. At that time, the distal end side small diameter portion 8 b of the rotating shaft 8 is rotatably fitted into the shaft sealing member 15 and the wall plate 14 via the cylindrical collar 16. The collar 16 is positioned and provided at the proximal end portion of the distal end side small diameter portion 8 b of the rotating shaft 8. The shaft seal member 15 uses a combination of a seal ring or a labyrinth ring and a jet of compressed air to isolate the crushing chamber 2 and the motor 9 and perform a shaft seal.

  A hammer 4 is detachably attached to the tip of the rotary shaft 8. The hammer 4 according to the present embodiment is provided with a boss 4a fitted into the tip-side small-diameter portion 8b of the rotating shaft 8, an arm 4b extending radially outward from the outer peripheral portion of the boss 4a, and an outer peripheral portion of the arm 4b. And a plurality of hammer bodies 4c. In the case of the hammer 4 in the illustrated example, a disk-shaped arm 4b is provided at the center in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical boss 4a so as to extend outward in the radial direction. A plurality of (for example, 12) hammer bodies 4c are fixed at equal intervals in the direction. Each hammer body 4 c has the same shape and is arranged along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 8. The shape of the arm 4b can be changed as appropriate. In the illustrated example, the disk-shaped arm 4b has a plurality of openings 4d for weight reduction.

  In such a hammer 4, the boss 4 a is fitted into the rotating shaft 8. At that time, the hammer 4 is provided so as to rotate integrally with the rotary shaft 8 by a key or the like. Since a bolt-shaped screw portion 8c is formed at the tip of the rotating shaft 8, the hammer 4 is fixed to the rotating shaft 8 by screwing the hammer cap 17 into the screw portion 8c. That is, the boss 4 a of the hammer 4 is pressed against the stepped surface of the rotating shaft 8 via the collar 16 by the hammer cap 17, and the collar 16 and the hammer 4 are positioned on the rotating shaft 8.

  By the way, the hammer main body 4c is extended to the axial direction front end side rather than the boss | hub 4a. Preferably, it is formed so as to extend to the front end side in the axial direction from the front end portion of the rotating shaft 8 or the hammer cap 17 provided there. In order to prevent the hammer body 4c (particularly, the portion extending to the tip end in the axial direction) from being bent radially outward by centrifugal force when the hammer 4 having such a configuration rotates at high speed, An annular ring 4e is arranged on the inner peripheral surface on the tip side of the hammer body 4c, and each hammer body 4c is fixed to the outer periphery of the ring 4e. The hammer 4 having such a configuration is preferably constructed integrally by welding or casting a plurality of parts. The hammer body 4c slightly extends from the disk-like arm 4b to the axial base end side, and the base end portion is disposed close to the wall plate 14.

  Near the outer periphery of the hammer 4, a lining 12 and a screen 13 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the case 11. In this embodiment, two types of lining 12 are used: a lining 12a with a jagged line and a lining 12b without a jagged line. The serrated lining 12a is a substantially arc-shaped plate material, and the inner peripheral surface thereof has a corrugated shape with irregularities formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. Further, the jagged lining 12b is a substantially arc-shaped plate member having no such unevenness. The screen 13 is an arc-shaped plate material in which a large number of holes are formed in a thin metal plate, and is provided in the case 11 via a screen guide. The case 11 has an opening 11a corresponding to a portion where the screen 13 is disposed to discharge the material to be crushed from the screen 13.

  By the way, in the crusher of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a lining 12a with a jagged line, a lining 12b without a jagged line, and a screen 13 are provided in order from the rotation direction of the hammer 4, and the screen 13 is downward. Has been placed. The installation area of these members is set as appropriate. In this embodiment, the circumferential direction of the case 11 is 120 degrees for the lining 12a with knurls, 60 degrees for the lining 12b without knurls, and 180 degrees for the screen 13. It is provided for each minute. In the case of providing the knurled lining 12b as in the present embodiment, the crushing ability can be improved without increasing the load of the motor 9 as compared with the case where the knurled lining 12a is also used.

  The case 11 provided with the lining 12 and the screen 13 is opened to the front end side in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 8, and the door 7 is provided in the opening so as to be openable and closable. As a result, the portion surrounded by the lining 12 and the screen 13, the door 7 and the wall plate 14 functions as the grinding chamber 2. As shown in FIG. 1A, the door 7 of the crushing chamber 2 is desirably configured to be opened and closed in the horizontal direction by a hinge 18 provided at the side end thereof. The door 7 of the case 11 is provided with an inlet 7a for the object to be crushed into the pulverizing chamber 2. This insertion port 7a is preferably performed at a position facing the center portion of the door 7, that is, the axial front end portion of the rotary shaft 8.

  The door 7 of the crushing chamber 2 is preferably provided with a sensor 19 that detects opening and closing thereof. As the sensor 19, a known proximity switch can be used. And based on the output from this sensor 19, by controlling to stop the drive of the rotating shaft 8 in the open state of the door 7 of the crushing chamber 2, safety can be improved. In the illustrated example, the sensor 19 is provided on the door 7 itself, but the sensor 19 may be provided on the case 11 side or the hinge 18 side.

  In the present embodiment, the material to be crushed is fed from the screw feeder 3 into the charging port 7 a provided in the door 7. That is, a screw feeder 3 having spiral blades is provided above the crushing chamber 2, and a hopper 1 is connected to the screw feeder 3. The tip of the screw feeder 3 is connected to the inlet 7 a at the center of the door 7 of the crushing chamber 2 and a pipe line 20. Therefore, the material to be crushed charged from the hopper 1 is introduced into the pulverizing chamber 2 through the screw feeder 3.

  A cylindrical discharge chute 5 is connected to the lower opening through the screen 13 of the grinding chamber 2. The discharge chute 5 is tapered toward the lower side and is bifurcated on the upper side, one of which is connected to the crushing chamber 2 and the other connected to the filter box 6. Due to such a configuration, the object to be crushed in the pulverization chamber 2 is collected via a discharge chute 5 into a takeout bag or a can (not shown) attached thereto.

  4A and 4B are plan views of the pulverizer of the present embodiment, in which FIG. 4A shows a state where the filter box 6 is closed, and FIG. 4B shows a state where the filter box 6 is opened. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional (planar) view showing the internal structure of the filter box 6.

  The filter box 6 of the pulverizer according to the present embodiment is divided into front and rear parts, and the lid 22 arranged in front of the main body 21 arranged in the rear rotates around the hinge 23 at the side end. It can be opened and closed. The main body 21 has a rectangular box shape that opens forward, and the lid 22 has a rectangular box shape that opens rearward. The main body 21 and the lid body 22 are connected to each other on one side of the opening side via a hinge 23. Thereby, the lid 22 can be opened and closed around the hinge 23 with respect to the main body 21. In the state where the lid 22 is closed, as shown in FIG. 4A, the openings of the main body 21 and the lid 22 face each other, and the filter box 6 is closed. On the other hand, in the state where the lid body 22 is opened, as shown in FIG. 4B, the openings of the main body 21 and the lid body 22 are arranged toward the front side.

  A filter 24 is disposed in the filter box 6. The filter 24 partitions the inside and outside of the pulverizer, and captures the object to be pulverized while allowing air from the pulverization chamber 2 to escape to the outside. In the present embodiment, the filter 24 is provided in the partition wall 25 arranged at the abutting portion between the main body 21 and the lid body 22 of the filter box 6, and the lower portion of the lid body 22 is communicated with the discharge chute 5. As a result, the first region on the lid 22 side of the filter box 6 and the second region on the main body 21 side of the filter box 6 are partitioned by the partition wall 25, and both are connected via the filter 24 provided on the partition wall 25. The area will communicate.

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of (five in the illustrated example) filters 24 are provided in the partition wall 25 provided in the opening of the lid body 22. Each filter 24 has a bag shape that extends from the second region on the main body 21 side to the first region on the lid 22 side through the partition wall 25 and opens only in the second region on the main body 21 side. Therefore, the air from the first region on the lid 22 side can be discharged only through the filter 24 to the second region on the main body 21 side and thus to the outside of the pulverizer. Such a filter 24 is detachable from the opening side of the lid 22. At this time, each filter 24 may be replaceable with respect to the partition wall 25, or a plurality of filters 24 may be replaced together with the partition wall 25.

  By the way, in order to perform an effective exhaust process, it is preferable to automatically remove the object to be crushed from the filter 24 by a vibration mechanism that shakes the filter 24 according to a predetermined time sequence. Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a backwashing mechanism for ejecting air from the second region on the main body 21 side of the filter box 6 toward the first region on the lid body 22 side. In this case, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the air taken in from the outside is compressed air, and the lid is opened from the second region on the main body 21 side through a diaphragm valve 26 that is opened and closed by an electromagnetic valve (not shown). Air is ejected toward the first region on the body 22 side. In addition, since this air touches to-be-ground material, it is preferable to utilize through a disinfection filter (not shown). Further, it is effective to perform this back washing operation in a pulse manner.

Next, the use of the pulverizer of the above embodiment will be described.
If the raw material is charged from the hopper 1, the charged raw material enters the grinding chamber 2 from the charging port 7 a provided in the door 7 of the grinding chamber 2 and is pulverized by the impact force of the hammer 4 that rotates at high speed. Moreover, it collides with the lining 12 and is pulverized by impact and shearing force. The pulverized material is discharged from the discharge chute 5 to the outside through the screen 13 by the centrifugal force from the hammer 4 and the air flow generated by the rotational force of the hammer 4. At that time, the object to be crushed in the airflow is also reliably collected by the filter 24. Since the filter 24 is provided so as to extend from the partition wall 25 to the first region side, the object to be crushed that has fallen off from the filter 24 is reliably guided to the collection unit (lower part of the discharge chute 5). Since the rotary shaft 8 of the hammer 4 is sealed, there is no possibility that the crushed material enters the drive side of the rotary shaft 8.

  After use, the grinder can be disassembled and washed. For this purpose, the door 7 of the crushing chamber 2 can be opened, the hammer cap 17, the hammer 4, the wall plate 14 and the collar 16 can be removed, and the screen 13 can be removed together with its guide, and the lining 12 can also be removed. Thereby, each component can be easily and reliably cleaned. Further, if the hammer 4 is integrally formed as one component, cleaning can be performed more easily and reliably.

  In the pulverizer of this embodiment, as described above, the tip of the rotating shaft 8 of the hammer 4 is stopped at a position deeper than the opening of the case 11 (pulverization chamber 2). Therefore, when assembling the hammer 4 to the rotating shaft 8 when assembling to the original state after cleaning, it is convenient to use the extension shaft 27 as a jig as shown in FIG.

  The extension shaft 27 of the present embodiment is a bar material having the same diameter as that of the rotation shaft 8 (front end side small diameter portion 8b) of the hammer 4. One end of the extension shaft 27 is formed with a screw hole that can be attached to and detached from a screw portion 8 c formed at the tip of the rotating shaft 8. Therefore, first, the extension shaft 27 is screwed and attached to the screw portion 8c of the rotating shaft 8 instead of the hammer cap 17. Thereby, the rotating shaft 8 is extended by the extension shaft 27 and protrudes from the opening of the case 11. Accordingly, even the heavy hammer 4 can be easily fitted into the extension shaft 27, and thereafter, it can be slid along the extension shaft 27 and fitted into the rotary shaft 8. After the hammer 4 is fitted to the rotating shaft 8, the extension shaft 27 is removed from the rotating shaft 8, and a hammer cap 17 is attached instead, and the hammer 4 is fixed to the rotating shaft 8.

  As described above in detail, in the pulverizer of the above embodiment, the rotating shaft 8 of the hammer 4 is a cantilever shaft, and the object to be crushed in the axial direction from the front surface of the apparatus which is the tip side of the cantilever shaft 8. Can be thrown in. Moreover, the disc-like arm 4b that holds the hammer body 4c on the outer peripheral portion is shifted not to the longitudinal center of the hammer body 4c but to the base end side of the rotating shaft 8 (the side opposite to the crushing chamber door 7). . Therefore, the material to be crushed charged into the pulverization chamber 2 from the front of the apparatus is dispersed throughout the longitudinal direction of the hammer body 4c without being disturbed in the pulverization chamber 2, and can be pulverized.

  Further, by using the rotating shaft 8 of the hammer 4 as a cantilever shaft, the door 7 of the crushing chamber 2 can be opened and closed in the horizontal direction, and the weight required for opening and closing can be reduced. Furthermore, since the bearing is eliminated from the tip end side of the rotating shaft 8 of the hammer 4, access to the crushing chamber 2 is facilitated, and disassembly and assembly of all components such as the hammer 4 that becomes a contact portion becomes simple.

  Further, since the object to be crushed is put inside the rotating hammer 4, the object to be crushed is input by the hammer 4 as in the case of putting the object to be crushed from the outside of the rotating hammer 4 (example in FIG. 8). There is no risk of obstruction. In addition, when the object to be crushed is thrown from the outer peripheral portion of the rotating hammer 4 as in the prior art, the wind generated by the rotating hammer 4 is blown out to the object to be crushed, but in the configuration as in the above embodiment, The rotating hammer 4 causes a suction action due to the blower effect. And by utilizing this suction action, not only a screw feeder but also various things such as a direct throw hopper and a rotary valve can be used to supply the object to be crushed.

  In addition, since the object to be crushed is not introduced from the outer peripheral portion of the rotating hammer 4, the lining 12 and the screen 13 necessary for pulverization are fully covered over the entire inner peripheral surface (360 degrees) of the case 11 constituting the pulverization chamber 2. Can be installed. In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the lining 12a with knurls is 120 degrees, the lining 12b without knurls is 60 degrees, and the screen 13 is 180 degrees has been described. Is done.

  Furthermore, if the arm 4b that holds the hammer body 4c is present at the center of the hammer body 4c, the material to be crushed is moved to the base end side of the rotating shaft 8 (the back of the grinding chamber 2) by the arm 4b. However, in the pulverizer of the above embodiment, such an inconvenience is avoided by shifting the arm 4b to the base end side of the rotating shaft 8.

  In the pulverizer of the above embodiment, the rotary shaft 8 of the hammer 4 is directly connected to the motor 9 and driven without using a V-belt and a pulley. By eliminating transmission parts such as V-belts and pulleys, the number of parts can be reduced. Further, when the V belt is used, the required rotational speed may not be satisfied due to slippage of the belt, but the required rotational speed can be guaranteed by directly connecting the rotating shaft 8 of the hammer 4 to the motor 9. Moreover, generation of vibration and noise can be reduced by not using transmission parts such as a V-belt.

  Further, as described above, by providing a sensor 19 such as a proximity switch or a limit switch on the door 7 of the crushing chamber 2, the operation is stopped when the door 7 is opened, and cannot be started when the door 7 is opened. Doing so increases safety.

  Further, as described above, the pulverizer of this embodiment includes the bag filter 24 that processes the air flow generated by the rotation of the hammer 4 and can directly collect the collected pulverized product. That is, the exhaust chute and the collected pulverized product can be directly recovered by connecting the discharge chute 5 at the outlet of the pulverization chamber and the bag filter 24. And in order to perform an effective exhaust process, the filter 24 is vibrated by a predetermined time sequence, and the automatic withdrawal from the filter 24 is performed. Further, by dividing the filter box 6 via the hinge 23, the bag filter 24 can be easily attached to and detached from the filter box 6, and cleaning can be performed easily and reliably.

  Further, as described in the above embodiment, a backwashing method using compressed air can be adopted for the automatic payout from the filter 24. In that case, in order to prevent contamination, a sanitary diaphragm valve 26 that can be easily disassembled in order to disinfect air by using a filter having an opening of 0.2 μm on the primary side and to clean the air line. It is good to use. As described above, the sanitary diaphragm valve 26 is operated by an electromagnetic valve or the like according to a set time sequence.

  Further, as described above, by using the extension shaft 27 as an auxiliary tool for attaching the hammer 4 to the cantilever shaft 8, it is possible to achieve safety measures and simplification of work associated with the enlargement of the apparatus. Since the rotating shaft 8 of the hammer 4 is usually accommodated in the case 11 constituting the grinding chamber 2, it may be difficult to attach the hammer 4 which is a relatively heavy product. Therefore, by attaching the extension shaft 27 to the tip of the shaft when the hammer 4 is detached, the extension portion of the shaft 8 is taken out of the case 11 so that the hammer 4 can be easily detached.

In addition, the grinder of this invention is not restricted to the structure of the said Example, It can change suitably.
For example, the filter 24 provided in the upper part of the collection unit is the filter box 6 in the above embodiment, but a bag-like filter may be simply attached to the upper part of the discharge chute 5 to form an open bug.

  In the hammer 4 of the above embodiment, the hammer body 4c is fixed to the disk-shaped arm (disc-shaped extending portion) 4b. However, even if the hammer body 4c is swingably held on the disk-shaped arm 4b. Good. That is, each hammer body 4c may be provided on the disk-like arm 4b so as to be able to swing by a certain range in the circumferential direction.

It is the schematic which shows one Example of the grinder of this invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is a right view, (c) is a left view, (d) is a top view. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the grinding | pulverization chamber structure of the grinder of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which opened the crushing chamber door of the grinder of FIG. 1, and has shown the state seen from the front end side of the rotating shaft. It is a top view of the grinder of FIG. 1, (a) has shown the state which closed the filter box, (b) has shown the state which opened the filter box. It is a schematic cross section (plane) figure which shows an example of the internal structure of the filter box of the grinder of FIG. It is the schematic which shows the other Example of the grinder of this invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is a right view, (c) is a left view, (d) is a top view. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the state which attached the extension shaft to the crushing chamber of FIG. It is the schematic which shows the conventional general grinder.

Explanation of symbols

1 Hopper 2 Crushing chamber 3 Screw feeder 4 Hammer 4a Boss 4b Arm (extension part)
4c Hammer body 5 Discharge chute 6 Filter box 7 Door 7a Slot 8 Rotating shaft (cantilever shaft)
8c Screw part 9 Motor (Rotation drive source)
9a Output shaft 10 Motor base 11 Case 12 Lining 12a Jagged lining 12b Jagged lining 13 Screen 14 Wall plate 17 Hammer cap 18 Hinge 19 Sensor 24 Filter 25 Bulkhead 26 Diaphragm valve 27 Extension shaft

Claims (7)

A crusher for crushing an object to be crushed by the impact force of a high-speed rotating hammer
A cantilevered rotating shaft that is disposed sideways and whose proximal end is connected to a rotational drive source, while the distal end is not supported by a bearing;
A hammer that is inserted into the tip of the rotating shaft and is detachably attached ;
A crushing chamber having a screen and in which the hammer is rotatably accommodated ,
The hammer is a boss that is fitted to the rotating shaft from the tip side,
An extending portion extending radially outward from the boss;
A plurality of hammer bodies provided on the outer periphery of the extending portion at equal intervals in the circumferential direction and along the axial direction of the rotating shaft,
An annular ring arranged integrally with the hammer body is fixed to the inner peripheral portion on the tip side of the plurality of hammer bodies, and is configured integrally.
The extension portion of the hammer is provided on the proximal end side with respect to the longitudinal central portion of the hammer body ,
The hammer body is provided so as to extend to the tip side from the tip portion of the rotating shaft ,
The crushing chamber opens on the tip side of the rotating shaft, and a door is provided in the opening so that the door can be opened and closed .
The door is provided with an inlet for the object to be crushed and is held rotatably by a hinge provided at one side end so that the hammer can be attached and detached from the opening when the door is opened. Is configured as
An extension shaft that extends to the tip of the rotary shaft until it protrudes from the opening so as to serve as a jig for fitting a hammer into the rotary shaft, and a rotary shaft fitted into the tip of the rotary shaft A crusher characterized in that it is provided with a screw part for selectively attaching a hammer cap for fixing the hammer. The crushing chamber is provided with a lining for crushing between the hammer body and the screen on a peripheral side surface thereof,
This lining consists of a lining with knurls and a lining without knurls,
The rotational direction of the hammer in order, grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein said knurled lining, the Giza without lining, and said screen is disposed. The rotary shaft, the milling machine of claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that it is rotationally driven directly connected to the output shaft of the motor. Further comprising a sensor for detecting opening and closing of the door of the grinding chamber,
Based on the output of the sensor, crushing machine according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that stops the driving of the rotary shaft in an open state of the door. In the lower part of the crushing chamber, a collection part for the object to be crushed discharged through the screen is arranged,
At the top of the recovery unit, in communication with the recovery unit, claim 1, characterized in that the filter air to escape to the outside while capturing the object to be crushed is provided to Claim 4 Crusher as described in. While having a partition which partitions the 1st field by the above-mentioned recovery part, and the 2nd field by the outside air, via a filter provided extending from this partition to the 1st field side, the 1st field and the 2nd field A filter box for communication,
The pulverizer according to claim 5 , further comprising: a vibration mechanism that shakes a filter in the filter box. The pulverizer according to claim 6 , further comprising a backwashing mechanism for ejecting air from the second region toward the first region instead of or in addition to the vibration mechanism.

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