JP4399373B2 - Damping structure for bolted joints - Google Patents

Description

 The present invention relates to a bolted joint damping structure which is applied to a bolt joint used when joining steel members constituting a building frame and which controls vibration of the building frame caused by an earthquake or strong wind.

 Building structures constructed by connecting steel columns and steel beams to each other are generally applied to multi-story buildings, and braces are used as resistance elements against horizontal forces such as earthquakes and winds in this steel structure building structure. .

 Steel members such as steel columns, steel beams and braces are joined together by welding or bolts to form a rigid frame. In particular, when joined by bolts, when an excessive horizontal force is applied due to a large earthquake, strong wind, or the like, even if the rigid frame is a rigid frame structure, a displacement occurs in the joined portion of the joined two members. A large frictional resistance force is generated by this displacement, and vibrational energy due to earthquakes and winds is consumed by this frictional resistance force, and the vibration control function of the building frame is exhibited.

 FIG. 13 shows an example of the bolt joint. This bolt joint projects a pair of outer plates 1 and 1a from one steel member, projects a middle plate 2 from the other steel member, and sandwiches the middle plate 2 between the pair of outer plates 1 and 1a. The bolts 3 are inserted between the outer plates 1 and 1a and the intermediate plate 2 and tightened with the nuts 3a.

 In this case, the bolt insertion hole of the intermediate plate 2 is formed in the long hole 4, and when an excessive relative displacement force P in the pulling direction or the compression direction is input between one steel member and the other steel member, The long holes 4 allow relative movement between the outer plates 1, 1 a and the middle plate 2. The frictional resistance R generated during the relative movement between the outer plates 1 and 1a and the middle plate 2 is the axial force N of the bolt 3 and the friction coefficient μ of the contact surface between the outer plates 1 and 1a and the middle plate 2. , R = μ · N. The axial force N is adjusted by the tightening force of the nut 3a, and the friction coefficient μ is adjusted by the surface roughness of the contact surface between the outer plate 1, 1a and the intermediate plate 2.

 By the way, in the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion configured as described above, the axial force N is generated in the bolt 3 by the tightening force of the nut 3a, and this axial force N is generated between the outer plates 1 and 1a. Since it acts directly as a tightening force, it is very difficult to adjust the tightening force of the nut 3a to generate a predetermined frictional resistance force R.

 Further, even when a predetermined tightening force is applied, the relative sliding between the outer plate 1, 1a and the middle plate 2 is repeated, so that both sliding surfaces wear and the friction coefficient μ gradually decreases. End up. Further, the tightening force by the nut 3a is reduced by the amount of wear, and the axial force N of the bolt 3 is reduced. For this reason, there is a problem that the preset frictional resistance R (= μ · N) largely fluctuates due to a decrease in both μ and N, and the original vibration damping effect cannot be obtained.

  The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and can generate a substantially constant frictional resistance force even when relative slip is repeated between steel members joined to each other. An object of the present invention is to provide a damping structure for a bolt joint that can exhibit a stable damping function.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the invention according to claim 1 superimposes the first pressure plate belonging to one of the two steel members to be joined to each other and the second pressure plate belonging to the other steel member, Bolt axial force is applied between the pressure plates so that they can move relative to each other, and the relative displacement between the pressure plates is allowed by the vibration displacement force greater than the specified value input between the pressure plates. In the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint that is configured to suppress vibration between the two steel members by the frictional resistance force, a friction plate and a sliding plate are provided between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate. When the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate are moved relative to each other, the friction plate and the slide plate can be relatively slidable, and the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate can be slid relative to each other. A bolt through hole is formed in the second pressure contact plate, and the first The bolt through hole of the contact plate is a long hole along the length direction of the first pressure contact plate, and the friction plate is located on either the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate. Relative to the sliding plate between the friction plate and the sliding plate on the other surface of the sliding plate and the first pressing plate or the second pressing plate on the other side of the sliding plate. The surface roughness is increased to prevent slippage, and the surface of the sliding plate opposite to the mounting surface is subjected to surface roughness uniformity.

According to the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to the present invention, the friction plate and the first pressure contact plate or the first pressure contact plate are moved during relative movement between the first pressure contact plate belonging to one steel member and the second pressure contact plate belonging to the other steel member. Relative slippage between one of the two pressure plates is prevented, and relative slip between the sliding plate and the first pressure plate or the second pressure plate is caused. The friction plate and the sliding plate can be slid relative to each other.
In this case, since the friction plate and the sliding plate are separately attached to the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate, it is preferable to use normal steel materials that are preferable for joining the structural material to the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate. it can. Further, the optimum combination of the friction plate and the sliding plate can be appropriately selected so that the stable friction coefficient and restoring force characteristic intended by the design can be obtained. Furthermore, plate materials obtained by applying various materials to the sliding plate and the friction plate can be applied.

 Furthermore, since the friction plate and the sliding plate can be formed of a thin plate as a separate member from the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate, even if the material is an expensive new material, the material cost can be reduced and the economic efficiency can be reduced. Also excellent.

  In addition, because it is possible to select and use highly durable friction plates and sliding plates, the performance of the vibration control structure can be kept constant, such as during the in-service period of the building, and it can be made maintenance-free. It becomes possible.

Furthermore, even when the wear of the sliding portion is severe and the vibration damping structure portion needs to be replaced, it can be dealt with by replacing only the sliding plate or the friction plate. Furthermore, since the friction plate and the sliding plate can be formed into a thin plate, it is advantageous in terms of weight, and is excellent in terms of workability and economy at the time of replacement.
Further, the surface roughness is increased between the friction plate and one of the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate and between the sliding plate and either the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate, respectively. By applying the process, it is possible to prevent relative sliding between the friction plate and the sliding plate during relative sliding, so that the friction plate and the sliding plate can be fixed by fitting, fitting, bonding, etc. Compared to the case of fixing to the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate, the labor required for the processing of the members is reduced, and the assembly workability is excellent, providing an economically advantageous one. Can do.

The invention according to claim 2 is the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to claim 1, wherein a pair of the first press plates are provided on both sides of the first press plate so as to sandwich the first press plate from both sides. Two pressure plates are provided, and the friction plates and the sliding plates are interposed between the second pressure plates and the first pressure plates, respectively. One friction plate and the first pressure plate Or between one of the second pressure plates, between one sliding plate and the first pressure plate or one of the second pressure plates, the other friction plate and the first pressure plate or the other. The surface roughness is increased between any one of the second pressure plates and between the other sliding plate and the first pressure plate or the other second pressure plate. It is characterized by being.
According to the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to the present invention, the first press contact plate is sandwiched between the pair of second press contact plates from both sides, and the friction plate and the slide plate are respectively interposed between the second press contact plates and the first press contact plate. When the relative displacement force is input between the two steel members, both of them move relative to each other with the first pressure plate sandwiched between the pair of second pressure plates. For this reason, even if each friction plate and the sliding plate slide relative to each other with the axial force (clamping force) of the bolt applied between the pair of second pressure plates, the bolt is inclined and twisted. It can move relatively smoothly.

The invention according to claim 3 is the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint part according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the friction plate and the sliding plate is the first pressure plate or the second. It is attached to the pressure contact plate in a replaceable manner.
According to the bolted structure damping structure of the present invention, the friction plate and the sliding plate can be exchanged, so that the damping performance can be easily restored by exchanging only the damping element without changing the steel member. Can do.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vibration damping structure for a bolt joint portion according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the sliding plate is made of a material having corrosion resistance.
According to the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to the present invention, the sliding plate is formed of a material having corrosion resistance. Therefore, the sliding surface where the sliding plate and the friction plate face each other changes over time due to corrosion or the like. It is strong and can maintain a stable slip strength and coefficient of friction (μ) over a long period of time without maintenance.

The invention according to claim 5 is the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the sliding plate is made of stainless steel or titanium. .
According to the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to the present invention, good and stable vibration damping performance can be ensured over a long period of time.

The invention according to claim 6 is the bolt joint vibration damping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the friction plate includes a thermosetting resin as a binder, an aramid fiber, a glass fiber, It is formed of a composite friction material composed of a fiber material such as vinylon fiber, carbon fiber, or asbestos, a friction adjusting material such as cashew dust or lead, and a filler such as sulfate sulfate.
According to the vibration damping structure for a bolt joint portion according to the present invention, the friction plate can be formed as a member having a constant friction coefficient and having little wear. Accordingly, since the friction coefficient between the friction plate and the sliding plate can be kept constant during the relative movement between the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate, the friction plate and the sliding plate are smoothly slid relative to each other. In addition, since the wear of the sliding portion can be suppressed, the axial force of the bolt can be kept constant.
Therefore, the frictional resistance force, which is obtained as the product of the friction coefficient and the axial force of the bolt, generated in the relative movement portion between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate can be maintained substantially constant. The damping force characteristic between the two steel members can be stabilized, and the initial damping performance can be maintained over a long period.

The invention according to claim 7 is the structure for damping a bolt joint according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the friction plate dissipates frictional heat on a surface that is in pressure contact with the sliding plate. It has the recessed part for taking in abrasion powder, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
According to the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to the present invention, even if frictional heat is generated due to relative sliding between the friction plate and the sliding plate, the frictional heat is dissipated into the air in the concave portion, thereby generating friction. Since an increase in the surface temperature of the plate can be prevented, generation of wear powder due to carbonization and dropping off of the surface of the friction plate can be suppressed. In addition, even if wear powder is generated, the wear powder can be taken into the recess, so that the friction powder and the sliding surface of the sliding plate may be damaged when the wear powder bites between the friction plate and the sliding plate. In addition, it is difficult for rolling and sliding of friction powder, and the frictional resistance between the friction plate and the sliding plate can be kept constant, and stable vibration control performance can be exhibited. it can. Further, since the wear powder can be prevented from biting, it is possible to prevent the generation of noise from the sliding surfaces of the friction plate and the sliding plate, and to significantly reduce the noise generated during vibration suppression.

The invention according to claim 8 is the damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the bolt axial force of the overlapping portion of the first press contact plate and the second press contact plate is provided. In a state in which a biasing means having a non-linear spring region in which the fluctuation of the elastic force is substantially constant with respect to the axial displacement of the bolt is interposed in the path to which the bolt is applied, and a predetermined axial force is generated on the bolt The biasing means is set so as to bend and deform within the nonlinear spring region.
According to the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to the present invention, fluctuations in the gap between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate can be absorbed by the biasing means. Even when the amount of deflection of the means changes, since the biasing means is set in the non-linear spring region, the elastic force (the axial force of the bolt) can be maintained almost constant.
That is, in a state where there is no vibration input, the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate are maintained in a fixed state by a large static friction force, but a small dynamic friction force is involved from the fixed state by an input of a vibration displacement force of a predetermined value or more. When shifting to the relative movement state, a large repulsive force is generated between the contact surfaces, and this appears as a loud sound or shock. The repulsive force at this time changes the axial force of the bolt by the biasing means. It can be absorbed without any problems. Therefore, a buffering action is produced by inserting a disc spring, and even when an excessive vibration force is input, the vibration damping performance can be sufficiently exhibited while suppressing the generation of sound and impact.
Further, the urging means maintains the elastic force almost constant even when wear occurs on the sliding surface when the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate move relative to each other. It is possible to prevent the deterioration, and the original vibration damping performance can be maintained over a long period of time.

The invention according to claim 9 is the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the steel member is a shape steel such as an H shape or an I shape, and the first pressure welding The plate and the second pressure contact plate are plate portions belonging to these section steels.
According to the vibration suppression structure of the bolt joint portion according to the present invention, if the steel member is a shape steel, the vibration suppression structure can be easily configured by using the plate portion that the steel member has, so that the vibration suppression action can be simplified. Can be secured.

As described above, according to the vibration suppression structure for a bolt joint portion according to claim 1 of the present invention, the first pressure contact plate belonging to one steel member and the second pressure contact plate belonging to the other steel member. At the time of relative movement, relative sliding between the friction plate and either the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate is prevented, and either the sliding plate and the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate Since a relative slip is prevented from occurring with the other, the friction plate and the sliding plate can be relatively slid relative to each other. Therefore, a predetermined vibration suppression performance by relative sliding between the friction plate and the sliding plate can be obtained with certainty, and the input vibration can be effectively damped.
Further, since the friction plate and the sliding plate are separately attached to the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate, normal steel materials that are preferable for joining the structural material are used for the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate. In addition, the optimum combination of the friction plate and the sliding plate can be appropriately selected so that the stable friction coefficient and restoring force characteristic intended by the design can be obtained. Furthermore, plate materials obtained by applying various materials to the sliding plate and the friction plate can be applied. Furthermore, since the friction plate and the sliding plate can be formed of a thin plate as a separate member from the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate, even if the material is an expensive new material, the material cost can be reduced and the economic efficiency can be reduced. Also excellent. In addition, because it is possible to select and use highly durable friction plates and sliding plates, the performance of the vibration control structure can be kept constant, such as during the in-service period of the building, and it can be made maintenance-free. It becomes possible. Furthermore, even when the wear of the sliding portion is severe and the vibration damping structure portion needs to be replaced, it can be dealt with by replacing only the sliding plate or the friction plate. Furthermore, since the friction plate and the sliding plate can be formed into a thin plate, it is advantageous in terms of weight, and is excellent in terms of workability and economy at the time of replacement.

Furthermore, according to the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to claim 2 of the present invention, the first pressure contact plate is sandwiched between the pair of second pressure contact plates from both sides, and the second pressure contact plate and the first pressure contact plate are Since the friction plate and the sliding plate are interposed between each other, when the relative displacement force is input between the two steel members, the first pressure contact plate is sandwiched between the pair of second pressure contact plates. Since both of them move relative to each other in a state where the friction plates and the sliding plates slide relative to each other with the axial force (tightening force) of the bolts applied between the pair of second pressure plates, the bolts There is no twist and no twisting occurs, and the relative movement can be performed smoothly.
Therefore, a predetermined vibration suppression performance by relative sliding between the friction plate and the sliding plate can be obtained with certainty, and the input vibration can be effectively damped.

  Furthermore, according to the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to claim 3 of the present invention, the vibration damping performance can be easily restored by exchanging only the vibration damping element.

  Furthermore, according to the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to claim 4 of the present invention, the sliding plate is formed of a material having corrosion resistance, so that the sliding surface where the sliding plate and the friction plate face each other Is resistant to changes over time due to corrosion and the like, and in particular, can maintain stable slip resistance and friction coefficient (μ) over a long period of time without maintenance.

Further, according to the vibration damping structure for a bolt joint portion according to claim 5 of the present invention, good and stable vibration damping performance can be ensured over a long period of time.

Furthermore, according to the vibration damping structure for a bolt joint portion according to claim 6 of the present invention, the friction plate can be formed as a member with a constant coefficient of friction and less wear. Since the friction coefficient between the friction plate and the sliding plate can be kept constant during the relative movement with the two pressure contact plates, the friction plate and the sliding plate can be smoothly slid relative to each other, and the sliding portion Since wear can be suppressed, the axial force of the bolt can be kept constant. Therefore, the frictional resistance force, which is obtained as the product of the friction coefficient and the axial force of the bolt, generated in the relative movement portion between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate can be maintained substantially constant. The damping force characteristic between the two steel members can be stabilized, and the initial damping performance can be maintained over a long period.

Further, according to the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, even if frictional heat is generated by relative sliding between the friction plate and the sliding plate, the frictional heat is transferred to the air in the recess. Since the surface temperature of the friction plate can be prevented from rising, the generation of wear powder due to carbonization and dropping of the surface of the friction plate can be suppressed. In addition, even if wear powder is generated, the wear powder can be taken into the recess, so that the friction powder and the sliding surface of the sliding plate may be damaged when the wear powder bites between the friction plate and the sliding plate. In addition, it is difficult for rolling and sliding of friction powder, and the frictional resistance between the friction plate and the sliding plate can be kept constant, and stable vibration control performance can be exhibited. it can. Further, since the wear powder can be prevented from biting, it is possible to prevent the generation of noise from the sliding surfaces of the friction plate and the sliding plate, and to significantly reduce the noise generated during vibration suppression.

Furthermore, according to the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint portion according to claim 8 of the present invention, fluctuations in the gap between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate can be absorbed by the biasing means. Even if the deflection amount of the biasing means changes due to the fluctuation absorption at this time, the resilient force (the axial force of the bolt) is maintained almost constant because the biasing means is set in the non-linear spring region. be able to. That is, in a state where there is no vibration input, the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate are maintained in a fixed state by a large static friction force, but a small dynamic friction force is involved from the fixed state by an input of a vibration displacement force of a predetermined value or more. When shifting to the relative movement state, a large repulsive force is generated between the contact surfaces, and this appears as a loud sound or shock. The repulsive force at this time changes the axial force of the bolt by the biasing means. It can be absorbed without any problems. Therefore, a buffering action is produced by inserting a disc spring, and even when an excessive vibration force is input, the vibration damping performance can be sufficiently exhibited while suppressing the generation of sound and impact. Further, the urging means maintains the elastic force almost constant even when wear occurs on the sliding surface when the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate move relative to each other. It is possible to prevent the deterioration, and the original vibration damping performance can be maintained over a long period of time.

Further, according to the vibration damping structure for a bolt joint portion according to claim 9 of the present invention, if the steel member is a shape steel, the vibration damping structure can be easily configured using the plate portion of the steel member. Since this is possible, the vibration control action can be easily secured.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 to 6 show an embodiment of a damping structure for a bolt joint according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a main part, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion C in FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the sliding plate in FIG. It is.

 That is, the vibration damping structure of the bolt joint is applied to various braces such as Y-type, K-type, W-type, and X-type, and includes H-shaped steel or I-shaped steel (in this embodiment, A brace 1 made of (H-shaped steel) is divided at an appropriate position so as to be spaced apart from each other, and a friction damper 8 is incorporated into the divided portion.

As shown in FIG. 1, the H-shaped steel is composed of a web 14 and a pair of flanges 15, 15 integrally formed on the top and bottom of the web 14, and a friction damper 8 is attached to each of the web 14 and each flange 15. It has been. In this case, the web 14 and the flange 15 function as a first pressure contact plate, and splicing plates 10 and 12 described later function as a second pressure contact plate.
Since each friction damper 8 has the same configuration, the friction damper 8 attached to the web 14 will be described below as an example.

 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the divided brace portion 1 a and brace portion 1 b can be moved relative to each other in a direction in which the brace portion 1 a and the brace portion 1 b are separated from each other. Is formed with a long hole 14a for inserting a bolt along the direction of relative movement between the brace portions 1a and 1b. The long holes 14a are formed in a pair of two places in the length direction of the web 14 and a pair in the height direction of the web 14, and are formed in a total of four places.

 On the front and back surfaces of the web 14 of the brace portion 1a (in FIG. 1, the front side is the front surface and the back side is the back surface), the friction plates 22 made of a composite friction material described later are respectively polymerized. The friction plate 22 is formed in a thin plate shape, and is formed along the length direction of the web 14 at the upper edge portion and the lower edge portion of the long holes 14 a, 14 a forming a set in the length direction of the web 14. Are formed so as to sandwich the long holes 14a, 14a from above and below, and on the surface of each of the three friction plates 22, a thin plate-like stainless steel sliding plate S and each of the three friction plates 22 are provided. Each is polymerized relatively slidably.

 On the front and back surfaces of the web 14 of the other brace portion 1b, a friction plate 22 and a scissor plate 17 having a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the sliding plate S are respectively superimposed on the front and back surfaces of the web 14 of the one brace portion 1a. Polymerized.

 On the outside of each scissor plate 17 and sliding plate S, splicing plates 10 and 12 as second press contact plates are respectively superposed, and each splicing plate 10 and 12 is formed between one brace portion 1a and the other brace portion 1b. It is passed in between. Each splice plate 10, 12 is provided by a scissor plate 17 in parallel with the web 14, that is, the front and back surfaces of the brace 1.

 Accordingly, the web 14 is sandwiched between the pair of splice plates 10 and 12 via the friction plate 22 and the sliding plate S that form a pair between the front and back surfaces.

 As described above, one brace portion 1a is formed with four elongated holes 14a for inserting bolts, and the other brace portion 1b is formed with a through hole 19 penetrating the web 14. In the splice plates 10 and 12 and the sliding plate S, holes 21 are formed corresponding to the long holes 14a and the through holes 19, respectively.

 In the other brace portion 1b, a high-strength bolt 16 is inserted between the splice plates 10 and 12 sandwiching the web 14, and a nut 18 is screwed into the high-strength bolt 16 so that a pair of splices are interposed via the scissors plate 17. The plates 10 and 12 are fixedly attached, and by this fixed attachment, the pair of splice plates 10 and 12 belong to the other brace portion.

 In one brace portion 1a, the high-strength bolt 16 inserted through the sliding plate S from one splice plate 10 sandwiching the web 14 belonging to the brace portion 1a passes through the long hole 14a located in the gap of the friction plate 22. 14, and is screwed into the nut 18 through the sliding plate S and the splice plate 12 through the gap between the friction plate 22 on the back surface, and one brace portion 1 a is formed between the friction plate 22 and the sliding plate. It is attached to the splice plates 10 and 12 through a sliding surface 8a with S so as to be movable relative to the splice plate.

 When the nut 18 is tightened, an axial force N of the bolt is generated, and this axial force N is transmitted to the pair of splice plates 10 and 12 and acts as a sandwiching force of the web 14, and the web 14 and the pair of splice plates 10. , 12 are allowed to move relative to each other under the action of this pinching force.

 In short, on one brace portion 1a, a pair of thin plate-like friction plates 22 and 22 superposed on both surfaces of the web 14, a pair of thin plate-like sliding plates S and S, and a pair of splice plates 10 and 12 are used to form a plate material. Are formed in seven layers, and by applying a considerable bolt axial force to the friction plate 22 and the sliding plate S with the high-strength bolt 16 and the nut 18, the brace portions 1a and 1b are separated. The friction damper 8 acting on is configured.

 The fastening structure portion formed by the high-strength bolt 16 and the nut 18 is provided with a disc spring laminated body 30 in which a plurality of ring-shaped disc springs are laminated between the head portion 16 a of the high-strength bolt 16 and the splice plate 10. A disc-shaped washer 32 that transmits the axial force of the high-strength bolt 16 is provided on one end of the disc spring laminate 30 on the high-strength bolt 16 side. The high-strength bolt 16 is inserted into the hollow interior of the disc spring laminate 30 through the washer 32 through the washer 20 having a small diameter that receives the head 16a, and is inserted into the long hole 14a of the web 14. It has become. A disc-like plate washer 33 having the same diameter as the disc spring is provided on the fastening side of the nut 18 so as to overlap the splice plate 12, and the nut is placed on the plate washer 33 via a small washer 20 a corresponding to the nut 18. 18 is screwed onto the high-strength bolt 16.

 Although the structure for attaching the friction damper 8 to the web 14 has been described above, the friction damper 8 is similarly attached to the pair of upper and lower flanges 15 and 15. In particular, the surface of the flange 15 is a single surface, while the back surface of the flange 15 on the web 14 side is divided by the web 14. Therefore, when attaching the friction damper 8 to the flange 15, the friction damper 8 is arranged in such a manner as to sandwich the web 14.

 Specifically, on the surface side of the flange 15, four pairs of the long holes 14 a are formed in the width direction of the flange 15 across the web 14, and the friction plate 22 includes both the long holes 14 a in the width direction of the flange 15. It is provided between. The sliding plate S and the splice plate 10 having a size over the entire width of the flange 15 are superposed and attached to the friction plate 22 one by one.

 On the back surface of the flange 15, the two friction plates 22, 22 sandwiching the long hole 14 a from both the width direction of the flange 15, and the sliding plate S having a size corresponding to the half width of the flange 15, on each side of the web 14. The splice plates 12 are superposed and attached to the friction plates 22 one by one. The scissor plate 17 is provided so as to sandwich the flange portion 15 of the other brace portion 1b.

 By the way, since the dedicated sliding plate S and the friction plate 22 are provided as described above, plate materials obtained by applying various materials and various surface finishes to the sliding plate S and the friction plate 22 as described later. Can be applied. Therefore, it is possible to select a highly durable material for both the sliding plate S and the friction plate 22, and the performance of the friction damper 8 can be kept constant, such as during the service period of the building, and the friction damper 8 itself. Can be easily made maintenance-free.

 The friction plate 22 used in the present embodiment includes a thermosetting resin as a binder, a fiber material such as aramid fiber, glass fiber, vinylon fiber, carbon fiber, asbestos, and a friction modifier such as cashew dust and lead, It is made of a composite friction material consisting of a filler such as sulfate sulfate. Examples of the thermosetting resin include phenol resin, melamine resin, furan resin, polyimide resin, DFK resin, guanamine resin, epoxy resin, xylene resin, silicone resin, diallyl phthalene resin, and unsaturated polyester resin.

 On the friction plate 22, five linear grooves 25 are formed as concave portions on the sliding surface 8 a side with the sliding plate S. If the frictional heat generated by sliding between the friction plate 22 and the sliding plate S is large, the surface temperature of the friction plate 22 is remarkably increased, the surface of the friction plate 22 is carbonized, and falls off as wear powder. It may stay in 8a. Since the wear powder is a carbide, the hardness is very high, and the friction coefficient may be changed by scratching the sliding plate S by sliding or rolling with wear powder on the sliding surface 8a. When such a phenomenon occurs, there is a concern that the frictional resistance will change significantly, causing a large fluctuation in the vibration damping performance of the friction damper 8 and making it difficult to obtain a stable vibration damping effect.

 Considering this point, the friction plate 22 is provided with a groove 25. The groove 25 has a function of dissipating frictional heat generated on the sliding surface 8A with the sliding plate S where the frictional resistance of the friction plate 22 is generated, and taking in and discharging wear powder on the sliding surface 8A. That is, the frictional heat of the friction plate 22 during the operation of the friction damper 8 is dissipated to the air in the groove 25, thereby preventing the surface temperature from rising and preventing the carbonization of the surface of the friction plate 22 and the loss of wear powder. To do. Also, even if wear powder is generated, it is taken into the groove 25 and prevents the wear powder from staying on the sliding surface 8A of the friction plate 22 and the sliding plate S. For this reason, the sliding plate S is less likely to be damaged and rolling of the abrasion powder is less likely to occur, the frictional resistance force between the friction plate 22 and the sliding plate S can be maintained constant, and a stable vibration damping effect is obtained. It becomes possible. Furthermore, since the accumulation of wear powder can be prevented, it is possible to prevent the generation of noise caused by wear powder and the like from the sliding surface 8a with the friction plate 22 and the slide plate S, and noise during vibration control can be reduced. It can be significantly reduced.

 The depth, width, cross-sectional shape, and number of the grooves 25 are set in consideration of the size and amount of wear powder generated in advance, the surface temperature of the friction plate 22, and the like. That is, the depth, width, and cross-sectional shape are set so as to mainly have a volume capable of taking in wear powder, and the number of the surfaces is set so that the surface temperature is equal to or lower than the use limit temperature of the material of the friction plate 22. In the case of the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the groove 25 is rectangular, the depth thereof is set to half the thickness of the friction plate 22, and the number thereof is set to five, but can be freely set so as to satisfy the above-described requirements. The cross-sectional shape may be a semicircular shape, and the depth may be penetrated.

 The planar shape of the groove 25 is not limited to a straight line as long as it has a high frictional heat dissipation efficiency and a volume capable of taking in wear powder. However, from the viewpoint of heat dissipation efficiency, it is desirable to make the groove 25 open to the atmosphere so that air as a cooling medium can easily flow. From the viewpoint of exhausting wear powder, It is desirable that the groove 25 is formed so as to penetrate linearly in the vertical direction so that the wear powder falls and is discharged by its own weight.

 The sliding plate S is formed of a material having corrosion resistance such as stainless steel or titanium described above. Considering the case where the friction damper 8 is used for a long period of time, there is a concern that the uniformity of the sliding surface 8a is lost due to a change with time such as corrosion, and a large frictional noise or an impact is generated during the sliding. . In consideration of this point, the sliding plate S is made of a corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel or titanium, and is attached to the splice plates 10 and 12. By attaching the sliding plate S as a single unit in this way, the amount of corrosion-resistant material used can be minimized, and material costs can be saved, leading to economic design.

 Furthermore, when the sliding surface 8a side surface of the sliding plate S is subjected to any one of rolling, polishing / grinding, blasting, painting, or a plurality of treatments so as to slide smoothly, the surface roughness is made uniform. Good.

 Moreover, in order to make maintenance-free, the surface of the sliding plate S may be subjected to a surface treatment such as applying a rust preventive paint.

 The mounting surface of the sliding plate S to the splice plates 10 and 12 and the mounting surface of the friction plate 22 to the web 14 are optimal from various methods so that relative sliding does not occur between them when sliding. You can choose the right method. For example, a paint is applied to the surface (for example, in the case of the sliding plate S, a friction joining paint dedicated to a stainless steel material), a blast treatment or a grinding treatment intended to increase the surface roughness, and the like.

 Further, by applying such a surface roughness increasing process to the mounting surfaces of the sliding plate S and the friction plate 22, the friction plate 22 and the web are moved when the friction plate 22 and the sliding plate S slide relative to each other. 14, and relative sliding between the sliding plate S and the splice plates 10, 12 can be prevented, so that the friction plate 22 and the sliding plate S can be reliably slid relative to each other. .

 The disc spring laminated body 30 is interposed in a path for applying the axial force N of the high-strength bolt 16 between the splice plates 10 and 12, and the elastic force is substantially constant even with respect to the axial displacement of the high-strength bolt 16. A non-linear spring characteristic that does not fluctuate is exhibited.

 As shown in FIG. 6, the spring characteristic A of the disc spring laminated body 30 has a variation in load (elastic force) W with respect to the deformation amount (expected change amount) σ of the high-strength bolt 16 in the central axis direction. A constant non-linear spring region P is provided, and the disc spring laminated body 30 is set in the non-linear spring region P in a state where a predetermined axial force N is applied to the high-strength bolt 16. In this embodiment, the disc spring laminated body 30 is formed by laminating a plurality of disc springs in the same direction.

 Therefore, in this embodiment, since the disc spring laminated body 30 is interposed between the washer 32 on the head 16a side of the high-strength bolt 16 and the one splice plate 10, the pair of splice plates 10, 12 and the web 14 Can be absorbed by the disc spring laminate 30. Even when the amount of deflection of the disc spring laminate 30 changes due to the fluctuation absorption at this time, the disc spring laminate 30 is set in the nonlinear spring region P. The axial force of 16 can be maintained almost constant.

 In other words, in a state where there is no vibration input, the splice plates 10 and 12 and the web 14 are maintained in a fixed state with a large static frictional force, but the vibrational input shifts from this fixed state to a relative movement state with a small dynamic frictional force. A large repulsive force is generated, and this appears as a loud sound or shock. However, by providing the disc spring laminated body 30, the repulsive force at this time can be absorbed by the elasticity of the disc spring laminated body 30 without changing the axial force N of the high strength bolt 16. Therefore, even when an excessive vibration force is input, the damping function by the frictional force can be sufficiently exhibited while suppressing the generation of sound and impact by the buffering action of the disc spring laminated body 30.

 Since the disc spring laminate 30 is set in the non-linear spring region P, the elastic force of the disc spring laminate 30 is a sliding surface when the splice plates 10, 12 and the web 14 move relative to each other, that is, friction. Even if wear occurs on the sliding surface 8a between the plate 22 and the sliding plate S, it is possible to keep the elastic force substantially constant and prevent the frictional resistance R from decreasing. Therefore, the initial vibration damping function at the joint between the splice plates 10 and 12 and the web 14 can be exhibited permanently.

 In this embodiment, the case where the disc spring laminated body 30 is interposed between one splice plate 10 and the washer 32 on the head portion 16a side of the high-strength bolt 16 has been shown. The disc spring laminate 30 is interposed between both the splice plates 10 and 12, that is, between the splice plates 10 and 12 and the washers 32 and 33 on the head 16 a side and the nut 18 side of the high-strength bolt 16. You can also Further, the disc spring laminated body 30 can be interposed only between the other splice plate 12 and the washer 33 on the nut 18 side.

 The combination arrangement configuration of the single disc springs constituting the disc spring laminated body 30 is not limited to the one in which a plurality of disc springs are laminated in the same direction as shown in the present embodiment. As long as the setting required for the body 30 is possible, it can be variously modified and combined. For example, a single disc spring can be used alone, a plurality of plates can be stacked in parallel, or the stacking direction can be set correctly. It can be turned in reverse.

 Moreover, although the case where the disc spring laminated body 30 was used as an urging means was shown in this embodiment, it is not restricted to this, The nonlinear spring from which the fluctuation | variation of an elastic force becomes substantially constant with respect to the axial direction displacement of a volt | bolt. Any spring having a region may be used.

 In the above embodiment, the friction plate 22 is provided on the web 14 and the sliding plate S is provided on the splice plates 10 and 12. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. May be provided on the web 14 and the friction plate 22 may be provided on the splice plates 10 and 12. In this case, the sliding plate S is provided with a hole 21 that coincides with the long hole 14a of the web 14, as shown in FIG.

 Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the disc spring laminated body 30 was provided, it is not necessary to incorporate the disc spring laminated body 30 necessarily. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 corresponding to FIGS. 2 and 7 of the above embodiment, it is needless to say that the friction damper 8 may be constituted only by the fastening structure by the high strength bolt 16 and the nut 18. is there.

 In the friction damper 8 described above, when the web 14 is sandwiched between the pair of splice plates 10 and 12 and the high-strength bolt 16 penetrating them is tightened with the nut 18, the splice plates 10 and 12 and the web are connected to each other. 14, the friction plate 22 and the sliding plate S are interposed therebetween. For example, when a building frame vibrates due to an external force such as an earthquake or wind, if the displacement force due to this vibration exceeds a predetermined value, the splice plate 10 , 12 and the web 14 move relative to each other with the sliding of the sliding plate S and the friction plate 22. At this time, the sliding plate S and the friction plate 22 are in sliding contact with the axial force N of the high-strength bolt 16 and a predetermined friction coefficient μ is applied. When the slid is slid, the vibration energy is converted into a frictional resistance force R of μ × N and is damped, thereby contributing to vibration suppression in the brace 1.

 Further, in the present embodiment, when a relative displacement force is input between the brace portions 1a and 1b, the web 14 is relatively moved with the web 14 being sandwiched between the pair of splice plates 10 and 12, so that the pair of splice plates When both of them slide in a state where an axial force N of the bolt 16, that is, a tightening force, is applied between the bolts 10 and 12, the bolt 16 is not tilted and is not twisted, and can be moved relatively smoothly. .

  At this time, the friction plate 22 is a thermosetting type such as phenol resin, melamine resin, furan resin, polyimide resin, DFK resin, guanamine resin, epoxy resin, xylene resin, silicone resin, diallyl phthalene resin, and unsaturated polyester resin. Formed with a composite friction material consisting of fiber materials such as aramid fiber, glass fiber, vinylon fiber, carbon fiber, asbestos, friction modifiers such as cashew dust and lead, and fillers such as sulfate sulfate, using resin as a binder. Therefore, the friction plate 22 is made of a material having high hardness and high strength, and can be formed as a member having a constant friction coefficient and extremely low wear.

 Therefore, even when the splice plates 10 and 12 and the web 14 are relatively moved, the friction coefficient μ between the sliding plate S and the friction plate 22 is always kept substantially constant, and the wear of the sliding surface 8a is reduced. Since there is almost no, the axial force N of the high-strength bolt 16 is also maintained substantially constant. For this reason, during the relative movement between the splice plates 10 and 12 and the web 14, the frictional resistance force R generated as the product of the friction coefficient μ and the axial force N can be maintained substantially constant. Therefore, the friction damping force characteristic in the brace 1 incorporating the friction damper 8, and hence the vibration damping characteristic against vibration of the building frame can be stabilized, and the initially set vibration damping function can be maintained over a long period of time. .

 In particular, the web 14 and a pair of splice plates 10 and 12 sandwiching the web 14 are sandwiched between a friction plate 22 made of a composite friction material and a sliding plate S made of a stainless steel plate, and a seven-layer structure. In this manner, slip is caused between the friction plate 22 and the sliding plate S. This seven-layer structure is more than a five-layer structure in which only the friction plate 22 is incorporated between the web 14 splice plates 10 and 12 and is slid between the friction plate 22 and the web 14 or splice plates 10 and 12. Excellent in the following points.

 In the five-layer structure, the web 14 or the splice plates 10 and 12 function as a sliding plate for the friction plate 22. For example, when the splice plate is applied as a sliding plate, the splice plate is a brace material to which the splice plate is joined. The material and surface finish are selected in consideration of joining with structural materials such as beams, beams, and studs.In other words, depending on the material and surface finish of the splice plate, joining with these structural materials becomes difficult. End up. Therefore, since the material and surface finish of the splice plate are selected based on the bonding with the structural material, there may be a case where a stable friction coefficient and restoring force characteristics cannot be obtained between the splice plate and the friction plate. In this case, the relationship between the sliding load as the friction damper and the sliding displacement may become unstable against the designer's intention. This is the same even when the web is a sliding plate.

 On the other hand, in the seven-layer structure according to the present embodiment, the sliding plate S and the friction plate 22 are separately attached to the web 14 or the splice plates 10 and 12. Ordinary steel materials that are preferable for joining with the structural material can be used, and an optimum combination of the sliding plate S and the friction plate 22 is appropriately selected so that the stable friction coefficient and restoring characteristics intended by the design can be obtained. It becomes possible to select.

 Further, the friction plate 22 and the sliding plate S can be formed as thin plates exclusively for them, and even if the material is made of a new material and becomes expensive, the material cost can be reduced, and the economy is excellent.

 Further, even when the sliding surface 8a is heavily worn and the friction damper 8 needs to be replaced, it can be dealt with by replacing only the sliding plate S or the friction plate 22 because of the seven-layer structure. Since both the sliding plate S and the friction plate 22 can be formed of thin plates, it is advantageous in terms of weight, and is excellent in terms of workability and economy at the time of replacement.

 In the above-described embodiment, the application of the friction damper 8 according to the present invention has been described by exemplifying the brace portion. However, there are other steel members such as a steel column and a steel beam. Of course, it can be applied.

FIG. 11 shows an application example in which the friction damper 8 is applied to the spacer 41 as a modification.
That is, the upper inter-column portion 41a of the steel inter-column 41 divided vertically is provided with a single upper gusset plate 42 suspended from its lower surface, and the lower inter-column 41b is erected from its upper surface. A pair of lower gusset plates 43 are provided to sandwich the upper gusset plate 42 from both sides. The upper gusset plate 42 is joined to the lower surface of the upper stud portion 41a by welding or the like. The lower gusset plate 43 is joined to a base plate 43a and a bracket 43b disposed on the left and right sides of the base plate 43a by welding or the like, and the base plate 43a is bolted to the upper surface of the lower inter-column portion 41b. It is joined with. In the friction damper 8, the long hole 14 a and the friction plate 22 are disposed on the upper gusset plate 42, and the sliding plate S is disposed on each of the pair of lower gusset plates 43. By introducing the fastening force by the bolt 16 and the nut 18, a damping force is generated with respect to the horizontal relative movement between the upper and lower gusset plates 42 and 43, and the external force input to the stud 41 is attenuated. ing.

 As described above, one or a plurality of inter-columns incorporating the friction damper 8 described above may be disposed in the frame surrounded by the columns and beams, so that the necessary damping effect can be obtained. Arrange to.

In FIG. 12, the junction part of the steel column and steel beam as an application object of the friction damper 8 is shown.
In general, the steel column 52 and the steel beam 54 are formed of H-shaped steel to constitute a frame. A bracket member 55 obtained by cutting the same H-shaped steel as the steel beam 54 into a short length is welded and integrated to the beam connecting portion of the steel column 52, and the connecting end portion of the steel beam 54 is coupled to the bracket member 55. The bracket material 55 is welded to the flange surface 52a of the steel column 52, and the auxiliary steel material 57 extends between the flanges 52a and 52b of the steel column 52 so as to correspond to the positions of the upper and lower flanges 55a and 55b of the bracket material 55. Welded.

 The connection end of the steel beam 54 is abutted against the tip of the bracket material 55, and the upper flange 54a and 55a, the lower flange 54b and 55b, and the web 54c of the steel beam 54 and the bracket material 55 that correspond to each other. Splicing plates 58 and 59 are arranged on both sides of each part of 55c between both members, and the steel beam 54 and the bracket material 55 are fastened by screwing and tightening the nut 18 to the high-strength bolt 16 penetrating them. That is, the steel column 52 is coupled.

 Here, at the joint between the steel column 52 and the steel beam 54, the friction damper 8 is incorporated into the bolt joint between the upper flanges 54a and 55a, the lower flanges 54b and 55b, and the webs 54c and 55c.

It is the perspective view which showed one Embodiment of the damping structure of the bolt junction part by this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the C section of FIG. It is a top view of the sliding board of FIG. It is a characteristic view of a disc spring. It is principal part sectional drawing which showed other embodiment of the damping structure of the bolt junction part by this invention. It is a top view of the sliding board of FIG. It is principal part sectional drawing which showed other embodiment of the damping structure of the bolt junction part by this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing which showed other embodiment of the damping structure of the bolt junction part by this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing which showed other embodiment of the damping structure of the bolt junction part by this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing which showed other embodiment of the damping structure of the bolt junction part by this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed an example of the conventional bolt junction part.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Brace 8 Friction damper 10, 12 Splice plate 14 Web 14a Long hole 16 High-strength bolt 18 Nut 22 Friction plate 25 Groove 30 Disc spring laminated body (biasing means)
S sliding plate

Claims (9)

The first pressure contact plate belonging to one steel member of the two steel members to be joined to each other and the second pressure contact plate belonging to the other steel member are superposed on each other, and the bolt shaft is movable relative to both pressure contact plates. A relative displacement between the two pressure plates is allowed by a vibration displacement force greater than a predetermined value input between the two pressure plates, and the two steel members are caused by the frictional resistance force generated between the two pressure plates. In the damping structure of the bolt joint that is designed to dampen the gap,
Between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate, a friction plate and a sliding plate are interposed in a superposed state, and at the time of relative movement between the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate, Making the friction plate and the sliding plate relatively slidable,
A bolt through hole is formed in the first press contact plate and the second press contact plate, and the bolt through hole of the first press contact plate is a long hole along the length direction of the first press contact plate,
An attachment surface located on one side of the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate of the friction plate, and on the other side of the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate of the sliding plate. When the relative sliding of the friction plate and the sliding plate is performed on the mounting surface located, the surface roughness is increased to prevent relative sliding between them.
A vibration damping structure for a bolt joint, wherein the surface of the sliding plate opposite to the mounting surface is subjected to a uniform surface roughness treatment. A pair of second pressure plates are provided on both sides of the first pressure plate so as to sandwich the first pressure plate from both sides, and the friction is provided between each second pressure plate and the first pressure plate. A plate and the sliding plate are interposed in a polymerized state,
Between one friction plate and one of the first pressure contact plate or one second pressure contact plate, between one sliding plate and one of the first pressure contact plate or one second pressure contact plate, the other Between the friction plate and the first pressure contact plate or the other second pressure contact plate, and between the other sliding plate and the first pressure contact plate or the other second pressure contact plate, respectively. The vibration damping structure for a bolt joint according to claim 1, wherein the surface roughness is increased.   3. The bolt joint portion according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the friction plate and the sliding plate is replaceably attached to the first pressure contact plate or the second pressure contact plate. Damping structure.  The said sliding board is formed with the material which has corrosion resistance, The damping structure of the bolt junction part in any one of Claim 1 to 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The said sliding board is formed from stainless steel or titanium as a raw material, The damping structure of the bolt junction part in any one of Claim 1 to 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.  The friction plate includes a thermosetting resin as a binder, a fiber material such as aramid fiber, glass fiber, vinylon fiber, carbon fiber, and asbestos, a friction adjusting material such as cashew dust and lead, and a filler such as sulfate sulfate. The vibration damping structure for a bolt joint according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the vibration damping structure is formed of a composite friction material.  7. The bolt joint according to claim 1, wherein the friction plate has a concave portion for dissipating frictional heat and taking in wear powder on a surface in pressure contact with the sliding plate. Part damping structure.  A path for applying the bolt axial force of the overlapping portion of the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate is provided with a non-linear spring region in which the variation in elastic force is substantially constant with respect to the axial displacement of the bolt. 8. The biasing means is set so as to bend and deform in the non-linear spring region in a state where a predetermined axial force is generated on the bolt with the biasing means interposed therebetween. A damping structure for a bolt joint according to any one of the above.  9. The steel frame member according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the steel member is a shape steel such as an H shape or an I shape, and the first pressure contact plate and the second pressure contact plate are plate portions belonging to these shape steels. Damping structure for bolt joints as described in 1.

Images