JP4395979B2 - Exhaust gas purification device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device that purifies exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine such as a vehicle, a ship, or a construction machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NO) contained in exhaust gas of internal combustion engines_X) And other harmful components are purified by a catalyst and released into the atmosphere.
[0003]
In general, the catalyst has a predetermined activation temperature, and harmful components in the exhaust gas are released into the atmosphere without being purified until the catalyst reaches the activation temperature. In order to prevent this, an adsorption system has been proposed in which harmful substances are adsorbed by an adsorbent until the catalyst reaches an activation temperature.
[0004]
In such an adsorption system, an adsorbent is disposed on the upstream side of the catalyst in the exhaust passage, and harmful components released before the catalyst is warmed up are once adsorbed to the adsorbent, and the catalyst reaches the activation temperature. Later, harmful components are desorbed from the adsorbent, and the harmful components are purified with a catalyst.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the desorption start temperature of the adsorbed component in the adsorbent is usually lower than the activation temperature of the catalyst, there is a problem that harmful components start to desorb from the adsorbent before the catalyst reaches the activation temperature. In other words, when the engine is started, even if the exhaust gas temperature becomes equal to or higher than the desorption temperature and the adsorbed harmful components start to be released, the catalyst temperature may not yet rise to the activation temperature. In the meantime, unpurified harmful substances are discharged into the atmosphere.
[0006]
In view of this, the following apparatus has been proposed for causing the catalyst to reach the activation temperature faster than the adsorbent reaches the desorption temperature.
[0007]
(1) In the exhaust gas purification device described in JP-A-6-33474, an electric heating catalyst (EHC) is disposed downstream of the adsorbent, and the catalyst activates the catalyst earlier than the adsorbent reaches the desorption temperature by this EHC. It is comprised so that it may heat up to temperature.
[0008]
(2) In the exhaust gas purifying apparatus described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-74019, a control valve for switching the exhaust passage is provided. After adsorbing harmful components with the adsorbent, the exhaust flow path is switched by the control valve to raise the temperature of the downstream catalyst. When the catalyst reaches the purification temperature, the exhaust flow path is switched again by the control valve and adsorbed. It is configured to promote the desorption of harmful components from the material and purify the harmful components with a downstream catalyst.
[0009]
However, in the apparatus (1), the capacity of the alternator for supplying electric power to the electric heating catalyst cannot be increased, and the engine output is reduced. In addition, an increase in electrical wiring and battery capacity also leads to an increase in cost. Further, in the device of (2), it is necessary to adapt the valve airtightness, durability against high-temperature exhaust gas, switching timing control, and the like for surely switching the engine exhaust gas flow path. All of these apparatuses have problems that they need to be controlled, have a complicated structure, and are expensive.
[0010]
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to quickly activate a catalyst when the internal combustion engine is started with a simple configuration in an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine including an adsorbent and a catalyst.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the exhaust passage (3) through which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (1) passes, and the adsorbent (5) disposed in the exhaust passage (3) are provided. ), The catalyst (6) disposed on the downstream side of the adsorbent in the exhaust passage, and the heat of the exhaust gas flowing upstream of the adsorbent in the exhaust passage on the downstream side of the adsorbent. And heat transport means for transporting to the exhaust gas flowing upstream of the catalyst and increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas, the heat transport means upstream of the adsorbent (5) in the exhaust flow path (3). The first flow path (3a) through which the exhaust gas on the side flows, and the second flow through which the exhaust gas downstream from the adsorbent (5) and upstream from the catalyst (6) flows in the exhaust flow path (3) A first channel (3a) and a second channel (3b) opposite to each other. A plurality of counter flow heat exchangers (10a to 10a) that transport the heat of exhaust gas flowing through the first flow path (3a) by directly radiating heat to the exhaust gas flowing through the second flow path (3b). 10e)Thus, between the outlet of the first flow path (3a) and the adsorbent (5) in the counterflow heat exchanger (10a to 10e), heat for radiating heat that releases the heat of the exhaust gas into the atmosphere. An exchange (9) is providedIt is characterized by that.
[0012]
  With such a configuration, the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust passage (3) on the upstream side of the adsorbent (5) passes through the exhaust passage (3) between the adsorbent (5) and the catalyst (6). It is possible to transfer heat to the exhaust gas. Thereby, the exhaust gas temperature introduced into the adsorbent can be lowered, and the exhaust gas temperature introduced into the catalyst can be increased using the heat of the exhaust gas itself.Further, the catalyst (6) can reach the activation temperature before the adsorbent (5) reaches the desorption temperature only by providing a heat exchanger. Therefore, complicated devices such as an electrically heated catalyst and a valve mechanism are not required for early activation of the catalyst, and reliability can be improved by reducing operating parts.
[0013]
  In the invention according to claim 2,An exhaust passage (3) through which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (1) passes, an adsorbent (5) disposed in the exhaust passage (3), and a catalyst disposed downstream of the adsorbent in the exhaust passage (6) and the heat of the exhaust gas flowing upstream of the adsorbent in the exhaust passage is transported to the exhaust gas flowing downstream of the adsorbent and upstream of the catalyst, and the temperature of the exhaust gas is increased. A heat transporting means for allowing the exhaust gas upstream of the adsorbent (5) in the exhaust flow path (3) to flow in the first flow path (3a) and the exhaust flow path (3). A second flow path (3b) through which the exhaust gas downstream of the adsorbent (5) and upstream of the catalyst (6) flows, and the first flow path (3a) and the second flow path (3b) flow in opposite directions, and the heat of the exhaust gas flowing through the first flow path (3a) flows through the second flow path (3b). A plurality of counter-flow heat exchangers (10a to 10e) that directly dissipate and transport the gas to the air gas, the outlet of the first flow path (3a) in the counter-flow heat exchanger (10a to 10e); Between the adsorbent (5), an exhaust heat recovery heat exchanger (9) for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas and the fluid is provided.It is characterized by that.
[0016]
  Also specifically, the catalyst (6) is claimed.3As described in the invention described above, it can be arranged downstream of the second flow path (3b).
[0017]
  Claims4In the invention described in (1), the catalyst (6) is the most upstream side of the first channel (3a) and the second channel (3b) among the plurality of counter flow heat exchangers (10a to 10e). ) In the second flow path (3b) in the counterflow heat exchanger (10a) located on the most downstream side.
[0018]
With such a configuration, instead of heating the catalyst (6) with the exhaust gas heated by the heat exchanger (10), the catalyst (6) is directly heated by the heat exchanger (10). The temperature rising effect of the catalyst (6) can be further promoted. Therefore, the purification effect can be obtained by causing the catalyst (6) to reach the activation temperature earlier. Furthermore, the catalyst (6) and the heat exchanger (10) can be integrated and miniaturized.
[0019]
  Claims5In the invention described in the above, among the plurality of counter-flow heat exchangers (10a to 10e), on the most upstream side of the first channel (3a) and on the most downstream side of the second channel (3b). The counterflow heat exchanger (10a) is provided with an auxiliary catalyst (4) arranged in the first flow path (3a).
[0020]
With such a configuration, when the auxiliary catalyst (4) for purifying exhaust gas at the start of the internal combustion engine (1) is provided, it can be integrated with the heat exchanger (10) and can be downsized. Further, when the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine (1) is introduced into the high temperature side passage (3a) of the heat exchanger (10), the auxiliary catalyst (4) exposed to the high temperature exhaust heat is activated. When the temperature is reached, the catalytic reaction begins. This reaction is an exothermic reaction, and in addition to the heat exchange by the exhaust gas, the catalytic reaction promotes the temperature rise of the portion where the auxiliary catalyst (4) is disposed in the high temperature side channel (3a), and further, the low temperature side The temperature increase of the flow path (3b) is promoted.
[0021]
  Furthermore, the heat transport means is not limited to a multi-stage configuration including a plurality of counter-flow heat exchangers (10a to 10e) as described above.6, 7As described in the invention, the heat transport means can be a single counter-flow heat exchanger (11) configured to allow the exhaust gas to flow oppositely.
[0022]
  Further, as in the invention described in claim 8, the catalyst (6) is disposed at the outlet of the second flow path (3b) in the counter flow heat exchanger (11), and the first flow You may be directly heated by the exhaust gas which flows through a path (3a). In addition, as in the ninth aspect of the invention, the catalyst (6) may be disposed on the downstream side of the second flow path (3b). Moreover, like invention of Claim 10, a catalyst (6) can be arrange | positioned at least at the exit part of the 2nd flow path (3b) in a counterflow type heat exchanger (11). Thereby, the claim4The same effects as those described in the invention can be obtained. In addition, the catalyst (6) should just be arrange | positioned at the exit part of the 2nd flow path (3b) at least, and may be arrange | positioned at the whole 2nd flow path (3b).
[0023]
  Moreover, in invention of Claim 11, it is characterized by providing the auxiliary catalyst (4) arrange | positioned at least at the inlet part of the 1st flow path (3b) in a counterflow type heat exchanger (11). . Thereby, the claim5The same effects as those described in the invention can be obtained. The auxiliary catalyst (6) may be disposed at least at the inlet of the first flow path (3a), and may be disposed throughout the first flow path (3a).
[0024]
  Also, ContractAs in the invention described in claim 12,The counter flow type heat exchangers (10a to 10e, 11) have a plurality of heat transports that transport heat between a plurality of virtual points in the second flow path (3a) and the first flow path (3b). The relationship between the plurality of virtual points in the second flow path (3a) and the plurality of virtual points in the first flow path (3b) is the second flow path ( The point farthest from the adsorbent (5) in 3a) may correspond to the closest point from the catalyst (6) in the first channel (3b).
[0025]
In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each said means shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments shown in the drawings will be described below. The seventh and eighth embodiments described below are the embodiments of the invention described in the claims, and the first and second embodiments are the preconditions of the present invention. The fifth, sixth, ninth and tenth embodiments are shown as reference examples.
  (First Embodiment) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention is applied to a vehicle including an internal combustion engine (engine).
[0027]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust gas generated in the engine 1 passes through the exhaust manifold 2 and the exhaust passage 3 and is released into the atmosphere.
[0028]
A start catalyst (auxiliary catalyst) 4 on which a catalyst component such as platinum is supported is provided near the engine 1 in the exhaust passage 3. The start catalyst 4 is smaller in capacity than the main catalyst 6 disposed on the downstream side and is disposed in the upstream portion of the exhaust flow path 3, and the exhaust gas immediately after the engine starts due to a temperature rise early. This is for gas purification.
[0029]
An adsorbent 5 such as activated carbon, zeolite, or silica gel is provided on the downstream side of the start catalyst 4. Further, a catalyst 6 carrying a catalyst component such as platinum is provided on the downstream side of the adsorbent 5. When the exhaust gas temperature rises immediately after the engine 1 is started, the catalyst 6 is made of hydrocarbon (HC) or nitrogen oxide (NO) in the exhaust gas._XThe harmful component is once adsorbed by the upstream adsorbent 5 until reaching a predetermined activation temperature at which the harmful component can be purified.
[0030]
A sub-muffler 7 and a muffler 8 for noise reduction are provided on the downstream side of the catalyst 6 in the exhaust passage 3.
[0031]
In the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the first embodiment, a heat exchanger that can exchange heat between the upstream side of the adsorbent 5 and the downstream side of the adsorbent 5 and the upstream side of the catalyst 6 in the exhaust flow path 3. (Heat transport means) 10 is provided. The heat exchanger 10 of the first embodiment is a multi-stage heat exchanger group in which a plurality of counter flow heat exchangers 10a to 10e are arranged in series.
[0032]
The heat exchanger 10 passes through the exhaust passage 3 so as to face the heat exchanger 10. As a result, two opposite upstream high-temperature flow paths (first flow paths) 3a and downstream low-temperature flow paths (second flow paths) 3b are formed in the heat exchanger 10. Exhaust gases are configured to flow in opposite directions in the high temperature side flow path 3a and the low temperature side flow path 3b.
[0033]
An adsorbent 5 is disposed between the high temperature side flow path 3a and the low temperature side flow path 3b, and a catalyst 6 is disposed downstream of the low temperature side flow path 3b. The heat exchanger 10 is configured such that heat is transferred from the exhaust gas flowing through the high temperature side flow path 3a to the exhaust gas flowing through the low temperature side flow path 3b. Among the plurality of heat exchangers 10a to 10e, the heat exchanger 10a on the most upstream side of the high temperature side channel 3a and the most downstream side of the low temperature side channel 3b has the highest temperature, and the high temperature side channel 3a. The heat exchanger 10e on the most downstream side of the low-temperature side flow path 3b is at the lowest temperature.
[0034]
The heat exchanger 10 includes a plurality of heat transport units that perform heat transport between a plurality of virtual points in the high temperature side flow path 3a and the low temperature side flow path 3b. The relationship between the virtual plural points in the high temperature side channel 3a and the virtual plural points in the low temperature side channel 3b is that the point farthest from the adsorbent 5 in the high temperature side channel 3a is the most from the catalyst 6 in the low temperature side channel 3b. It corresponds to the near point.
[0035]
Hereinafter, the operation of the exhaust gas purification apparatus having the above-described configuration will be described. First, when the engine 1 is started, exhaust gas containing harmful components discharged from the engine 1 passes through the start catalyst 4 from the exhaust manifold 2 and is introduced into the high temperature side flow path 3 a of the heat exchanger 10. As the exhaust gas passes through the heat exchanger 10, the heat is absorbed by the multi-stage heat exchangers 10 a to 10 e and gradually becomes low temperature, and flows out of the heat exchanger 10.
[0036]
The exhaust gas that has passed through the heat exchanger 10 and has reached a low temperature is introduced into the adsorbent 5, and harmful components in the exhaust gas are adsorbed by the adsorbent 5. At this time, since the exhaust gas temperature is absorbed by the heat exchanger 10 and becomes a low temperature, the adsorption efficiency of harmful substances by the adsorbent 5 can be improved.
[0037]
The exhaust gas from which harmful components have been adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent 5 is introduced into the low-temperature channel 3 b of the heat exchanger 10. The exhaust gas is gradually heated by heat transmitted from the high temperature side passage 3a in the heat exchanger 10, and flows out of the heat exchanger 10 as high temperature exhaust gas.
[0038]
Next, exhaust gas is introduced into the catalyst 6. At this time, since the exhaust gas passes through the heat exchanger 10 and becomes high temperature, the temperature of the catalyst 6 can be raised to the activation temperature at an early stage. Finally, the exhaust gas passes through the sub-muffler 7 and the muffler 8 and is released into the atmosphere.
[0039]
Through the above steps, the catalyst 6 can reach the activation temperature sooner than the adsorbent 5 reaches the desorption temperature of harmful components.
[0040]
Next, the flow of heat in the heat exchanger 10 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 schematically shows the flow of exhaust gas and the flow of heat in the heat exchanger 10, and the heat exchanger has a six-stage configuration for convenience of explanation. The white arrow in the figure indicates the flow of heat.
[0041]
For example, if the exhaust gas temperature when introduced into the high-temperature side flow path 3a of the heat exchanger 10 is 400 ° C. and the exhaust gas absorbs heat at each of the heat exchangers 10a to 10f and decreases in temperature by 50 ° C., FIG. As shown, the exhaust gas temperature when flowing out of the heat exchanger 10 decreases to 100 ° C. At this time, in each of the heat exchangers 10a to 10f, a part of the heat that the exhaust gas has flows from the high temperature side flow path 3a to the low temperature side flow path 3b (from the top to the bottom in the figure). And exhaust gas is introduce | transduced into the adsorbent 5 in the state which became low temperature.
[0042]
After passing through the adsorbent 5, the exhaust gas is introduced into the low temperature side channel 3 b of the heat exchanger 10. If the exhaust gas temperature at this time is 50 ° C., the exhaust gas receives heat transmitted from the high temperature side flow path 3a when passing through each of the heat exchangers 10f to 10a, and the exhaust gas rises in temperature in order. The temperature rises to 350.degree. The exhaust gas is introduced into the catalyst 6 in a high temperature state.
[0043]
Thus, in the heat exchanger 10, the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the high temperature side flow path 3a gradually decreases from the upstream side toward the downstream side, and the exhaust gas passing through the low temperature side flow path 3b is from the upstream side. The temperature is gradually increased toward the downstream side.
[0044]
With the heat exchanger 10 configured as described above, heat exchange can be performed between the upstream side of the adsorbent 5 and the downstream side of the adsorbent 5 and the upstream side of the catalyst 6 in the exhaust passage 3. it can. That is, heat can be transferred from the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust passage 3 upstream of the adsorbent 5 to the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust passage 3 between the adsorbent 5 and the catalyst 6. .
[0045]
As a result, the exhaust gas temperature introduced into the adsorbent 5 can be lowered, and the exhaust gas temperature introduced into the catalyst 6 can be increased using the heat of the exhaust gas itself. That is, the catalyst 6 can reach the activation temperature before the adsorbent 5 reaches the desorption temperature simply by providing the heat exchanger 10. As described above, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to the first embodiment does not require a complicated apparatus such as an electrically heated catalyst or a valve mechanism for early activation of the catalyst, and realizes an improvement in reliability by reducing operating parts. can do.
[0046]
In addition, by making the heat exchanger 10 a multi-stage heat exchanger group, the exhaust gas temperature flowing out to the catalyst 6 can be easily set higher than the exhaust gas temperature flowing out to the adsorbent 5. As a result, since the adsorbent 5 and the catalyst 6 can be brought to appropriate temperatures, exhaust purification efficiency can be increased. At that time, the number of heat exchangers 10a to 10e having a multistage configuration can be arbitrarily set.
[0047]
(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The exhaust gas purification apparatus of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the heat exchanger is integrated with a plurality of heat exchanger groups to form one counterflow heat exchanger 11. Is. In this case, in the heat exchanger 11, virtual multiple points where heat transfer is performed between the high temperature side flow path 3a and the low temperature side flow path 3b exist continuously. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0048]
In the heat exchanger 11 of the second embodiment, the upstream side of the high temperature side flow path 3a and the downstream side of the low temperature side flow path 3b (the left side in FIG. 3) are hot, and the high temperature side flow path 3a The downstream side and the upstream side (the right side in FIG. 3) of the low temperature side flow path 3b are low temperature. Also by the heat exchanger 11 of the second embodiment, heat is transferred from the exhaust gas flowing through the high temperature side channel 3a to the exhaust gas flowing through the low temperature side channel 3b, and the exhaust gas passing through the high temperature side channel 3a is The exhaust gas, which is introduced into the adsorbent 5 after gradually decreasing in temperature and passes through the low temperature side passage 3b, is gradually heated and introduced into the catalyst 6.
[0049]
Even with the configuration of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to the second embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained, and further, the heat exchanger 11 has an integrated structure. 11 can be easily reduced in size.
[0050]
(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Compared with the first embodiment, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to the third embodiment has a low temperature side flow path 3b in the highest temperature side heat exchanger 10a among the plurality of counterflow heat exchangers 10a to 10e. The catalyst component is supported on the surface of the metal and the catalyst 6 is configured. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0051]
The same effect as that of the first embodiment can also be obtained by the configuration of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the third embodiment. Further, by providing the catalyst 6 in the heat exchanger 10a on the highest temperature side as in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the third embodiment, the catalyst 6 and the heat exchanger 10 can be integrated and downsized. Furthermore, since the catalyst 6 is directly heated by the heat exchanger 10 instead of heating the catalyst 6 by the exhaust gas heated by the heat exchanger 10, the temperature rising effect of the catalyst 6 can be further promoted. . At this time, since the catalyst 6 is provided in the highest temperature side heat exchanger 10a among the plurality of heat exchangers 10a to 10e, the purification effect can be obtained by causing the catalyst 6 to reach the activation temperature earlier. .
[0052]
(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the fourth embodiment uses a counter-flow type heat exchanger 11 having an integral structure as in the second embodiment, and is a heat exchanger as compared with the second embodiment. 11 is different in that a catalyst component is supported on the metal surface of the low temperature side flow path 3b. The same parts as those in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0053]
The catalyst 6 may be provided in a part of the low temperature side flow path 3b in the heat exchanger 11 as shown in FIG. 5 (a), or may be provided in the entire low temperature side flow path 3b as shown in FIG. 5 (b). It may be provided.
[0054]
Also in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the fourth embodiment, the catalyst 6 and the heat exchanger 11 can be integrated and miniaturized by providing the catalyst 6 in the heat exchanger 11 as in the third embodiment. Furthermore, since the catalyst 6 is not directly heated by the exhaust gas heated by the heat exchanger 11 but is directly heated by the heat exchanger 11, the temperature rising effect of the catalyst 6 can be further promoted. . Therefore, the purification effect can be obtained by causing the catalyst 6 to reach the activation temperature earlier.
[0055]
As shown in FIG. 5A, when the catalyst component is provided in a part of the low temperature side flow path 3 b of the heat exchanger 11, the low temperature side flow path that becomes higher temperature in the heat exchanger 11. Providing a catalyst at the outlet portion in the vicinity of the outlet 3b increases the temperature raising effect of the catalyst 6 and increases the exhaust gas purification effect.
[0056]
(Fifth embodiment)
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The exhaust gas purification apparatus of the fifth embodiment is formed on the metal surface of the low temperature side flow path 3b of the heat exchanger 10a on the hottest side of the plurality of counter flow heat exchangers 10a to 10e as in the third embodiment. The catalyst component 6 is supported and the catalyst 6 is formed. Compared to the third embodiment, the catalyst component is also supported on the metal surface of the high-temperature channel 3a of the heat exchanger 10a on the highest temperature side. The point which comprises the catalyst 4 differs. The same parts as those in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0057]
When the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 1 is introduced into the high temperature side passage 3a of the heat exchanger 10, the start catalyst 4 exposed to the high temperature exhaust heat reaches the activation temperature and the catalytic reaction starts. This reaction is an exothermic reaction, and in addition to the heat exchange by the exhaust gas, the catalytic reaction promotes the temperature rise at the site where the start catalyst 4 is provided in the high temperature side channel 3a. Thereby, the temperature increase of the low temperature side flow path 3b is promoted, and the temperature increase of the catalyst 6 provided in the low temperature side flow path 3b is promoted.
[0058]
Moreover, since the start catalyst 4 and the heat exchanger 10 can be integrated, size reduction becomes easy.
[0059]
(Sixth embodiment)
Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As in the fourth embodiment, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the sixth embodiment comprises the catalyst 6 by supporting the catalyst component on the metal surface of the low temperature side flow path 3b of one counter flow type heat exchanger 11. As compared with the fourth embodiment, the start catalyst 4 is configured by supporting the catalyst component on the metal surface of the high-temperature channel 3a of the heat exchanger 11 as well. The same parts as those in the fourth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0060]
The start catalyst 4 and the catalyst 6 may be provided in a part of the high temperature side flow path 3a and the low temperature side flow path 3b in the heat exchanger 11 as shown in FIG. 7 (a), or as shown in FIG. 7 (b). As described above, the high temperature side flow path 3a and the low temperature side flow path 3b may be provided as a whole. Alternatively, one of the start catalyst 4 or the catalyst 6 may be provided in a part of the high temperature side or low temperature side flow paths 3a, 3b, and the other may be provided in the entire flow paths 3a, 3b.
[0061]
With such a configuration, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the fifth embodiment. In the case where the start catalyst 4 is provided in a part of the high temperature side flow path 3a and the catalyst 6 is provided in a part of the low temperature side flow path 3b, the start catalyst 4 is provided at an inlet of higher temperature in the high temperature side flow path 3a. When the catalyst 6 is provided in the vicinity of the inlet, and the catalyst 6 is provided in the outlet near the outlet where the temperature is higher in the low temperature side flow path 3b, the temperature rise effect of the catalyst 6 is enhanced and the exhaust gas purification effect is greater.
[0062]
(Seventh embodiment)
Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Compared with the first embodiment, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the seventh embodiment has heat for radiating heat between the outlet of the high temperature side flow path 3a of the heat exchanger 10 and the adsorbent 5 as shown in FIG. The difference is that an exchanger 9 is provided. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0063]
Thus, by providing the heat-dissipating heat exchanger 9 between the outlet of the high-temperature side flow path 3 a of the heat exchanger 10 and the adsorbent 5, the heat exchanger 10 flows out of the heat exchanger 10 and is introduced into the adsorber 5. The heat of the exhaust gas can be released into the atmosphere to further reduce the temperature. With such a configuration, the temperature of the adsorber 5 can be kept lower, so that the adsorption capacity of the adsorber 5 can be improved and the start of desorption of harmful components from the adsorbent 5 can be delayed. .
[0064]
(Eighth embodiment)
Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the eighth embodiment uses the heat dissipation heat exchanger 9 of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the seventh embodiment as a heat exchanger for exhaust heat recovery. The same parts as those in the seventh embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0065]
With such a configuration, the heat recovered by the heat exchanger 9 for exhaust heat recovery is used to heat the lubricating oil system of the vehicle to reduce friction and improve fuel efficiency, or to increase the temperature of the cooling water system It is possible to increase the immediate effect of the vehicle interior heater. Furthermore, when it is necessary to desorb the harmful substance adsorbed by the adsorbent 5, the adsorbent 5 may be heated by applying heat to the heat exchanger 9 for exhaust heat recovery. .
[0066]
  (Reference example 1)
  Next, the present inventionReference example 1Will be described with reference to FIG. BookReference example 1Compared with the first embodiment, the exhaust gas purification apparatus of FIG.VesselAre different. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0067]
  Cross flow heat exchangeIn a vesselThe exhaust gas is configured to flow so as to be orthogonal. BookReference example 1Even with such a configuration, it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the first embodiment. In addition, bookReference example 1Cross flow heat exchange likeVesselBy configuring the heat exchanger group in combination, the degree of freedom of the layout, outer shape, arrangement, and the like of the heat exchanger 12 can be increased.
[0068]
  (Reference example 2)
  Next, the present inventionReference example 2Will be described with reference to FIG. BookReference example 2Compared with the first embodiment, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus is not formed so that the high-temperature side flow path 3a and the low-temperature side flow path 3b face each other in the heat exchanger 13, as shown in FIG. Heat exchange between the heat exchangers 13a to 13c arranged upstream of the adsorbent 5 and the heat exchangers 13d to 13f arranged between the adsorbent 5 and the catalyst 6 via the heat pipe 14 Is different. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0069]
  BookReference example 2In the exhaust gas purification apparatus, the heat exchanger 13 is disposed between the adsorbent 5 and the catalyst 6 and the first heat exchanger group including the heat exchangers 13 a to 13 c disposed upstream of the adsorbent 5. The second heat exchanger group composed of the heat exchangers 13d to 13f and the heat pipe 14 that thermally connects these heat exchanger groups.
[0070]
The heat pipe 14 connects the heat exchangers at the same positions from the adsorbent 5 among the heat exchangers 13a to 13c of the first heat exchanger group and the heat exchangers 13d to 13f of the second heat exchanger group. ing. That is, the most upstream heat exchanger 13a in the first heat exchanger group is connected to the most downstream heat exchanger 13f in the second heat exchanger, and the most downstream heat exchanger 13c in the first heat exchanger group is the first heat exchanger 13c. It is connected to the most upstream heat exchanger 13d of the two heat exchangers.
[0071]
By the heat exchanger 13 having such a configuration, the exhaust gas absorbs heat while passing through the first heat exchanger groups 13a to 13c, and is introduced into the adsorbent 5 in a low temperature state. At this time, the heat of the exhaust gas is transmitted from the first heat exchanger groups 13a to 13c to the second heat exchanger groups 13d to 13f via the heat pipe 14. The exhaust gas that has passed through the adsorbent 5 is heated while passing through the second heat exchanger groups 13c to 13f, and is introduced into the catalyst 6 in a state of high temperature.
[0072]
  Book with the above structureReference example 2The same effect as that of the first embodiment can also be obtained by this exhaust gas purification device.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the heat flow in the heat exchanger of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of an exhaust gas purification device of a third embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of an exhaust gas purification apparatus of a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of an exhaust gas purification apparatus of a fifth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of an exhaust gas purification apparatus of a sixth embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to a seventh embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to an eighth embodiment.
FIG. 10Reference example 1It is a conceptual diagram which shows schematic structure of this exhaust gas purification apparatus.
FIG. 11Reference example 2It is a conceptual diagram which shows schematic structure of this exhaust gas purification apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Internal combustion engine, 2 ... Exhaust manifold, 3 ... Exhaust flow path, 3a ... High temperature side flow path (first flow path), 3b ... Low temperature side flow path second flow path, 4 ... Start catalyst (auxiliary) Catalyst), 5 ... adsorbent, 6 ... catalyst, 7 ... sub-muffler, 8 ... muffler, 10-13 ... heat exchanger (heat transport means).

Claims (12)

An exhaust passage (3) through which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (1) passes;
An adsorbent (5) disposed in the exhaust flow path (3);
A catalyst (6) disposed downstream of the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path;
The heat of the exhaust gas flowing upstream of the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path is transported to the exhaust gas flowing downstream of the adsorbent and upstream of the catalyst to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas. Heat transport means,
The heat transport means includes a first flow path (3a) through which the exhaust gas upstream of the adsorbent (5) in the exhaust flow path (3) flows, and the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path (3). A second flow path (3b) downstream of (5) and upstream of the catalyst (6), and the first flow path (3a) and the second flow path. The flow of the exhaust gas flowing through the first flow path (3a) is directly radiated to the exhaust gas flowing through the second flow path (3b) by flowing the flow paths (3b) in opposite directions. What plurality of counter-flow heat exchanger (10 a to 10 e) der to transport Te,
Between the outlet of the first flow path (3a) and the adsorbent (5) in the counter flow type heat exchanger (10a to 10e), for heat dissipation that releases the heat of the exhaust gas into the atmosphere. An exhaust gas purification device provided with a heat exchanger (9) . An exhaust passage (3) through which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (1) passes;
An adsorbent (5) disposed in the exhaust flow path (3);
A catalyst (6) disposed downstream of the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path;
The heat of the exhaust gas flowing upstream of the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path is transported to the exhaust gas flowing downstream of the adsorbent and upstream of the catalyst to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas. Heat transport means,
The heat transport means includes a first flow path (3a) through which the exhaust gas upstream of the adsorbent (5) in the exhaust flow path (3) flows, and the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path (3). A second flow path (3b) downstream of (5) and upstream of the catalyst (6), and the first flow path (3a) and the second flow path. The flow of the exhaust gas flowing through the first flow path (3a) is directly radiated to the exhaust gas flowing through the second flow path (3b) by flowing the flow paths (3b) in opposite directions. A plurality of counter-flow heat exchangers (10a to 10e) for transportation,
Exhaust heat recovery for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas and the fluid between the outlet of the first flow path (3a) and the adsorbent (5) in the counter flow heat exchanger (10a to 10e). use heat exchanger (9) exhaust gas purifier characterized in that is provided. The exhaust gas purification device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the catalyst (6) is disposed downstream of the second flow path (3b) . The catalyst (6) is located on the uppermost stream side of the first flow path (3a) among the plurality of counter flow heat exchangers (10a to 10e) and the second flow path (3b). 3. The exhaust gas purification device according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas purification device is disposed in the second flow path (3 b) in the counter-flow heat exchanger (10 a) located on the most downstream side . Out of the plurality of counter flow heat exchangers (10a to 10e), the counter is located on the most upstream side of the first channel (3a) and on the most downstream side of the second channel (3b). The exhaust according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising an auxiliary catalyst (4) disposed in the first flow path (3a) in the flow type heat exchanger (10a). Gas purification device. An exhaust passage (3) through which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (1) passes;
An adsorbent (5) disposed in the exhaust flow path (3);
A catalyst (6) disposed downstream of the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path;
The heat of the exhaust gas flowing upstream of the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path is transported to the exhaust gas flowing downstream of the adsorbent and upstream of the catalyst to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas. Heat transport means,
The heat transport means includes a first flow path (3a) through which the exhaust gas upstream of the adsorbent (5) in the exhaust flow path (3) flows, and the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path (3). A second flow path (3b) downstream of (5) and upstream of the catalyst (6), and the first flow path (3a) and the second flow path. The flow of the exhaust gas flowing through the first flow path (3a) is directly radiated to the exhaust gas flowing through the second flow path (3b) by flowing the flow paths (3b) in opposite directions. A counter-flow heat exchanger (11) for transporting
Between the outlet of the first flow path (3a) in the counterflow heat exchanger (11) and the adsorbent (5), heat exchange for heat dissipation that releases the heat of the exhaust gas into the atmosphere. An exhaust gas purifying device characterized in that a vessel (9) is provided . An exhaust passage (3) through which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (1) passes;
An adsorbent (5) disposed in the exhaust flow path (3);
A catalyst (6) disposed downstream of the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path;
The heat of the exhaust gas flowing upstream of the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path is transported to the exhaust gas flowing downstream of the adsorbent and upstream of the catalyst to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas. Heat transport means,
The heat transport means includes a first flow path (3a) through which the exhaust gas upstream of the adsorbent (5) in the exhaust flow path (3) flows, and the adsorbent in the exhaust flow path (3). A second flow path (3b) downstream of (5) and upstream of the catalyst (6), and the first flow path (3a) and the second flow path. The flow of the exhaust gas flowing through the first flow path (3a) is directly radiated to the exhaust gas flowing through the second flow path (3b) by flowing the flow paths (3b) in opposite directions. What one counterflow heat exchanger (11) der to transport Te,
Between the outlet of the first flow path (3a) and the adsorbent (5) in the counterflow heat exchanger (11), heat for exhaust heat recovery for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas and the fluid. An exhaust gas purification device provided with an exchanger (9) . The catalyst (6) is disposed at the outlet of the second flow path (3b) in the counter flow heat exchanger (11), and the exhaust gas flowing through the first flow path (3a). The exhaust gas purification device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the exhaust gas purification device is heated directly. The exhaust gas purification device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the catalyst (6) is disposed downstream of the second flow path (3b). The exhaust gas according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the catalyst (6) is disposed at least at an outlet of the second flow path (3b) in the counterflow heat exchanger (11). Gas purification device. Any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that it comprises at least an inlet portion disposed auxiliary catalyst (4) of the counter flow type heat exchanger wherein at (11) the first channel (3b) 1 Exhaust gas purification device as described in one. The counter flow type heat exchangers (10a to 10e, 11) perform heat transport between a plurality of virtual points in the second flow path (3a) and the first flow path (3b). It consists of the heat transport part of
The relationship between a plurality of virtual points in the second flow path (3a) and a plurality of virtual points in the first flow path (3b) is the relationship in the second flow path (3a). 12. The point according to claim 1, wherein a point farthest from the adsorbent (5) corresponds to a point closest to the catalyst (6) in the first flow path (3b). The exhaust gas purification apparatus as described in any one.

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