JP4388764B2 - Bending method of plated steel sheet - Google Patents

Bending method of plated steel sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4388764B2
JP4388764B2 JP2003168981A JP2003168981A JP4388764B2 JP 4388764 B2 JP4388764 B2 JP 4388764B2 JP 2003168981 A JP2003168981 A JP 2003168981A JP 2003168981 A JP2003168981 A JP 2003168981A JP 4388764 B2 JP4388764 B2 JP 4388764B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
punch
steel sheet
flange
bending
plated steel
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JP2005000970A (en
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尚文 中村
茂 森川
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Nippon Steel Nisshin Co Ltd
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Nisshin Steel Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、糸状のめっき屑の発生を抑制しためっき鋼板のフランジ曲げ加工方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、熱延鋼板,冷延鋼板を所望形状に成形・加工した後、耐食性を付与するために後工程でドブ漬けめっきして家電部品,車体部品,建材部品等を製造していた。しかしながら、この方法ではコストが嵩むため、近年では、低コスト化を目的に、加工用原板としてめっき鋼板を用いることにより、後めっき工程を省略しようとしている。
通常、各種製品を構成する部材としてめっき鋼板を使用する場合、適宜形状に成形した鋼板に打抜き,曲げ,張出し,絞り,穴拡げ等の様々な加工が施されている。
【0003】
しかし、このままでは切断端面により使用者が傷付けられたり、切断端面に衣服が引っ掛かったりするので、切断端面にフランジ曲げ加工を施す対策が講じられている。
ところで、めっき原板1aにめっき層1bを形成しためっき鋼板1の端部の曲げ加工法としては、図1に示すように、ダイ11上に載置しためっき鋼板1を板押さえ12で押さえた状態で、ダイ端部から出されている鋼板端部を上方からパンチ13で押圧することにより、端部を下方に折り曲げるスライド曲げ加工法が一般的である。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、このような加工法でめっき鋼板1を曲げ加工するとき、特に板厚が厚いめっき鋼板1の場合、加工後端面に、脱落しためっき金属が糸状に伸びためっき屑が残りやすい。めっき屑が発生すると、後工程で打痕の原因になったり、残存することにより、外観が損なわれて製品の品質を低下させたり、家電製品などでは絶縁不良の原因になるという問題がある。
めっき屑の発生を抑制するため、クリアランスの拡大やパンチ肩半径を大きくする等も行われているが、めっき屑を完全に無くすことはできていない。また、フランジ長さをパンチの押し込み量以上に長くすればめっき屑の発生が防止可能であるが、設計上長くできない場合がある。
【0005】
塗装鋼板をフランジ曲げ加工する際に、めっき屑と同様の機構で発生するエナメルヘアを考慮したプレス加工法として、パンチ先端縁部に断面曲線部を設け、プレス時にパンチのこの断面曲線状縁部が塗装鋼板先端部を通り過ぎないようにする方法が、特開平8−267147号公報として提案されている。
しかし、この方法をめっき鋼板の曲げ加工に採用しようとすると、曲げフランジ長さに応じて、曲線縁部形状の調整およびパンチ押込み量の調整等において極めて精緻な調整を必要とし、板厚の2〜3倍以下などの極めて短いフランジの場合、適用が困難になるというという問題もある。
【0006】
さらに、フランジを直角に起こすのではなく、例えば70°以下にフランジを曲げる場合、一般的に曲げたフランジ端面がパンチの側面に当接するような位置関係になるようにクリアランスを調整し、パンチの押込み量を大きくして、フランジの端面からパンチ先端を突出させて所定の曲げ角度を得るようにしている。しかし、この方法だと、パンチ先端がフランジ端面を通過する際に糸状のめっき屑を発生し易い。この傾向は、板厚に比べてフランジ長さが短い場合に顕著になる。
本発明は、このような問題を解消すべく案出されたものであり、剪断加工が施されためっき鋼板の端部に90°未満の角度のフランジ曲げ加工を施す際に、端面に糸状のめっき屑を発生させることのない曲げ加工方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明のめっき鋼板の曲げ加工方法は、その目的を達成するため、ダイ上に載置しためっき鋼板を板押さえで押さえた状態で、ダイ端部から出されている鋼板端部を上方からパンチで押圧することにより、板厚の3倍以下の短い端部を下方に折り曲げるスライド曲げ加工を行う際に、ダイとパンチの間隔を加工するめっき鋼板の板厚よりも狭くして、上方からパンチで押圧することにより90°未満の角度の曲げ加工を行うことを特徴とする。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、めっきを施した鋼板の剪断端部にフランジ曲げ加工を施す際、ダイとパンチの間隔を加工するめっき鋼板の板厚よりも狭くして、上方からパンチを押し込んで曲げ加工することにより、パンチ先端のR部はごく初期にフランジ端面のめっき面に接触するものの、パンチの下降とともに接触位置がフランジ端面から曲げ支点方向に向かって移動し、めっき金属が鋼板端面より下方に押出されることが防止される。
このため、これまでめっき屑の発生防止が困難であった、板厚の2〜3倍以下などの極めて短い曲げフランジの場合の加工であっても、パンチストロークを調整するだけで、糸状のめっき屑を発生させることなく、めっき鋼板端部に90°未満の角度のフランジ曲げ加工を施すことができる。
【0009】
ところで、めっき鋼板の端部に90°未満の曲げ角度でスライド曲げ加工を施す際に、糸状のめっき屑が発生する機構を検討したところ、次のような知見が得られた。
すなわち、図2に示すように、パンチ13がめっき鋼板1を下方に押圧するとき、めっき面はパンチ13と強く摺動するため、剪断力でめっき層1bが伸ばされ、鋼板先端から下方に押し出されて脱落する。めっき面はパンチ13に強い力で押し当てられ、しかもパンチ13は下方に移動しようとしているので、めっき層自身には強い剪断力が作用する。めっき層はその剪断力で鋼板先端のパンチ側端部で脱落して糸状のめっき屑Wとしてめっき鋼板から分離される(図2のb参照)。
【0010】
めっき層自身の潤滑性の違いや潤滑剤の使用状況等によっても変わるが、めっき屑は塗膜厚が厚いほど発生しやすくなる。めっき屑の発生を抑制するためには、パンチ下降時にめっき層に作用する剪断力を小さくする意味で、フランジ長さを長く、クリアランスを大きく取ることが有効である。
また、パンチの表面仕上げをスムースにしたり、高粘度の潤滑油を用いることも効果がある。
しかし、設計上めっき鋼板の板厚に対して比較的フランジ長さが短く、90°未満の、例えば60°程度のフランジ曲げ角度が必要な場合、クリアランスは変更されておらずフランジ長さが短くなっているので、前述したようにパンチ先端を突出させて所定の角度を得ようとすると、糸状のめっき屑の発生を防止することは非常に困難となる。
【0011】
これに対して、本発明の好ましい実施の形態では、図3の(a)に示すように、フランジを曲げるときのダイ11とパンチ13の間隔(C)を、加工しようとするめっき鋼板の板厚(t)よりも狭くして、すなわち、クリアランスをマイナスにして、パンチの先端R部分でフランジ部を押して、フランジを所定の曲げ角度にする曲げ加工を行う。なお、クリアランスは、加工しようとする鋼板の板厚(t)に対するダイとパンチの間隔(C)の比率で、クリアランス(%)=(C−t)/t×100で表される。
この加工方法では、クリアランスの関係上90°近くに曲げることはできないが、90°未満、例えば70°以下の曲げ角度であれば、パンチストロークを調整することによって、所望の角度を得ることができる。
【0012】
パンチが下降するとき、パンチ先端のR部はごく初期にフランジ端面のめっき層に接触するものの(図3のa参照)、パンチのさらなる下降とともに接触位置がフランジ端面から曲げ支点方向に向かって移動する(図3のb参照)。このパンチ先端R部が接触する位置がフランジ端面より曲げ支点方向に向かって内側に入る作用によって、めっき金属が鋼板端面より下方に押出されるようなことはない。
ダイとパンチの間隔が、加工しようとするめっき鋼板の板厚よりも狭く調整されているので、パンチ先端を鋼板端面から突出させることはできない。さらにパンチ先端にはR部が設けられているので、前述のように、パンチ先端がめっき鋼板端面に接触するのは下降のごく初期のみで、その後接触することはない。したがって、めっき金属が鋼板端面より下方に押出されるようなことはなく、糸状のめっき屑を発生することはない。
【0013】
しかし、曲げ加工しようとするめっき鋼板の板厚(t)に対して、ダイ11とパンチ13の間隔(C)を極端に狭くすると、パンチの下降によって急激にフランジが曲げられるため、フランジの曲げ角度を安定させることが困難になる。
フランジの曲げ角度を安定させるためには、(C−t)/t×100で表されるクリアランスを−35%までに止めることが好ましい。
【0014】
【実施例】
板厚1.5mmの低炭素冷延鋼板を原板とし、目付け120g/m2で亜鉛めっきされた鋼板を供試材として使用した。
剪断されためっき鋼板の剪断端部に、図1に示すようなスライド曲げ加工装置を用いて、長さ2.0mmの曲げフランジを、次表に示すように加工条件を変えて形成した。
なお、クリアランスは、加工しようとする鋼板の板厚(t)に対するダイとパンチの間隔(C)の比率で、クリアランス(%)=(C−t)/t×100で表される。また、パンチ押込み量はパンチがめっき鋼板に接触してから押し込んだ長さ(図1中L)である。
【0015】

Figure 0004388764
【0016】
糸状のめっき屑発生の有無からみた加工性評価結果は表2に示す通りである。なお、表2中、○は糸状のめっき屑が発生していなかったものであり、△は軽度な糸状めっき屑が発生していたもの、×は糸状めっき屑が発生していた場合を示している。
クリアランスが0以上の範囲では、パンチストローク0.5〜4.0mmの範囲において、軽度なものを含めて糸状めっき屑の発生が認められた。一方、クリアランスがマイナスの範囲に、すなわちダイとパンチの間隔を板厚の厚さよりも狭くすると、糸条のめっき屑の発生は認められなかった。
クリアランスをマイナスにしてスライド曲げ加工したフランジの端面を観察すると、フランジ端面から少し内側に入った部位のめっき面若干窪んでいるものの、めっき層の剥離や脱落は認められなかった。
【0017】
パンチが下降するにつれて、パンチ先端のR部はごく初期にフランジ端面のめっき面に接触するものの、パンチの下降とともに接触位置がフランジ端面から曲げ支点方向に向かって移動したために、めっき金属が鋼板端面より下方に押出されることが防止されたものである。
クリアランスが狭くなるほどパンチストロークが短くなっているが、これは、クリアランスが狭くなるほどフランジの曲げ角度がパンチストロークにより敏感になり、曲げ角度が急激に立ち上がるためである。
クリアランスが−35%にもなると、パンチストロークが0.25mm変化することによって曲げ角度が15°程度変化することがわかった。製品のフランジ曲げ角度の規格によっても関係するが、これ以上クリアランスを小さくすることは、品質管理上現実的には困難である。
【0018】
Figure 0004388764
【0019】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明によれば、これまでめっき屑の発生防止が困難であった、板厚に対して極めて短い曲げフランジの場合の加工であっても、パンチストロークを調整するだけで、糸状のめっき屑を発生させることなく、めっき鋼板端部に90°未満の角度のフランジ曲げ加工を施すことができる。このため、家電部品,車体部品,建材部品等に用いるめっき鋼板切断端面のフランジ曲げ加工が生産性良く行えるようになる。さらに、使用者も切断端面により傷付けられたり、切断端面に衣服が引っ掛かったりすることがなくなるので、めっき鋼板を用いた製品を安心して使用することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 スライド曲げ加工方法を説明する模式図
【図2】 糸状めっき屑の発生状況を模式的に説明する図
【図3】 本発明の曲げ加工方法を説明する模式図[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a flange bending method for a plated steel sheet in which generation of thread-like plating scraps is suppressed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, after forming and processing a hot-rolled steel sheet and a cold-rolled steel sheet into a desired shape, a home appliance part, a body part, a building material part, and the like are manufactured by dobbling plating in a subsequent process in order to impart corrosion resistance. However, since this method is costly, in recent years, for the purpose of reducing the cost, a post-plating step has been attempted by using a plated steel plate as a processing original plate.
Usually, when using a plated steel sheet as a member constituting various products, various processes such as punching, bending, overhanging, drawing, and hole expansion are performed on the steel sheet formed into an appropriate shape.
[0003]
However, since the user is damaged by the cut end face or clothes are caught on the cut end face as it is, measures are taken to perform flange bending on the cut end face.
By the way, as a bending method of the edge part of the plating steel plate 1 which formed the plating layer 1b in the plating original plate 1a, the state which pressed the plating steel plate 1 mounted on the die | dye 11 with the plate holder 12 as shown in FIG. Thus, a slide bending method is generally used in which the end portion of the steel sheet is pressed from above with a punch 13 to bend the end portion downward.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the plated steel sheet 1 is bent by such a processing method, in particular, in the case of the plated steel sheet 1 having a large thickness, plating scraps in which the plated metal that has dropped off in the form of a thread tends to remain on the end face after processing. When the plating scrap is generated, it causes a dent in a later process or remains, thereby deteriorating the appearance and reducing the quality of the product, or causing a defective insulation in home appliances.
In order to suppress the generation of plating scraps, the clearance is increased and the punch shoulder radius is increased. However, the plating scraps cannot be completely eliminated. Further, if the flange length is made longer than the punch push-in amount, generation of plating scraps can be prevented, but there are cases where the design cannot be made longer.
[0005]
As a pressing method that takes into account the enamel hair generated by the same mechanism as plating scraps when flange bending a coated steel sheet, a cross-sectional curved part is provided at the punch tip edge, and this cross-sectional curved edge of the punch during pressing Has been proposed as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-267147.
However, if this method is to be used for bending a plated steel sheet, it requires very precise adjustments such as the adjustment of the curved edge shape and the adjustment of the punch indentation according to the bending flange length. In the case of a very short flange of ˜3 times or less, there is also a problem that application becomes difficult.
[0006]
In addition, when the flange is bent at, for example, 70 ° or less instead of raising the flange at a right angle, the clearance is generally adjusted so that the bent flange end surface comes into contact with the side surface of the punch. The push amount is increased, and the punch tip is projected from the end face of the flange to obtain a predetermined bending angle. However, this method tends to generate thread-like plating scraps when the punch tip passes through the flange end face. This tendency becomes prominent when the flange length is shorter than the plate thickness.
The present invention has been devised to solve such a problem, and when the end of a plated steel sheet subjected to shearing is subjected to flange bending at an angle of less than 90 °, a thread-like shape is formed on the end surface. It aims at providing the bending method which does not generate | occur | produce plating scraps.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the object, the method for bending a plated steel sheet according to the present invention punches the steel sheet end portion protruding from the die end portion from above while holding the plated steel sheet placed on the die with a sheet presser. When the slide bending process is performed to fold the short end of 3 times or less of the sheet thickness downward by pressing, the distance between the die and the punch is made narrower than the sheet thickness of the plated steel sheet to be punched from above. And bending at an angle of less than 90 °.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, when flange bending is performed on a sheared end portion of a plated steel sheet, the gap between the die and the punch is made narrower than the thickness of the plated steel sheet, and the punch is pushed from above to bend. As a result, the R part of the tip of the punch comes into contact with the plated surface of the flange end face very early, but the contact position moves from the flange end face toward the bending fulcrum as the punch descends, and the plated metal is pushed downward from the end face of the steel plate. Is prevented.
For this reason, even in the case of processing for extremely short bent flanges, such as 2 to 3 times the plate thickness, where it has been difficult to prevent the generation of plating scraps, thread-like plating can be achieved simply by adjusting the punch stroke. Without generating scraps, flange bending of an angle of less than 90 ° can be performed on the end of the plated steel sheet.
[0009]
By the way, when the slide bending process is performed on the end portion of the plated steel sheet at a bending angle of less than 90 °, a mechanism for generating thread-like plating scraps was examined, and the following knowledge was obtained.
That is, as shown in FIG. 2, when the punch 13 presses the plated steel sheet 1 downward, the plating surface slides strongly with the punch 13, so that the plating layer 1b is stretched by a shearing force and pushed downward from the front end of the steel sheet. Fall off. Since the plating surface is pressed against the punch 13 with a strong force and the punch 13 is about to move downward, a strong shearing force acts on the plating layer itself. The plating layer falls off at the punch side end of the steel plate tip by the shearing force, and is separated from the plated steel plate as thread-like plating waste W (see b in FIG. 2).
[0010]
Although it varies depending on the difference in lubricity of the plating layer itself and the use situation of the lubricant, the plating scrap is more likely to be generated as the coating film thickness is thicker. In order to suppress the generation of plating scraps, it is effective to increase the flange length and increase the clearance in order to reduce the shearing force acting on the plating layer when the punch is lowered.
It is also effective to smooth the surface finish of the punch or to use a highly viscous lubricating oil.
However, when the flange length is relatively short with respect to the plate thickness of the plated steel plate by design and a flange bending angle of less than 90 °, for example, about 60 ° is required, the clearance is not changed and the flange length is short. Therefore, as described above, when it is attempted to obtain a predetermined angle by projecting the tip of the punch, it is very difficult to prevent generation of thread-like plating scraps.
[0011]
On the other hand, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the distance (C) between the die 11 and the punch 13 when bending the flange is the plate of the plated steel sheet to be processed. The flange is made narrower than the thickness (t), that is, the clearance is made negative, and the flange portion is pushed at the tip R portion of the punch, and the flange is bent to a predetermined bending angle. The clearance is the ratio of the distance between the die and the punch (C) to the plate thickness (t) of the steel sheet to be processed, and is expressed as clearance (%) = (C−t) / t × 100.
In this processing method, it cannot be bent close to 90 ° due to the clearance, but if the bending angle is less than 90 °, for example, 70 ° or less, a desired angle can be obtained by adjusting the punch stroke. .
[0012]
When the punch descends, the R part at the tip of the punch comes into contact with the plating layer on the flange end face very early (see a in FIG. 3), but the contact position moves from the flange end face toward the bending fulcrum as the punch further descends. (See b in FIG. 3). The plated metal is not pushed out below the end surface of the steel sheet by the action of the position where the punch tip R part comes into contact with the bending fulcrum from the end surface of the flange.
Since the distance between the die and the punch is adjusted to be narrower than the thickness of the plated steel sheet to be processed, the punch tip cannot protrude from the end face of the steel sheet. Further, since the R portion is provided at the punch tip, as described above, the punch tip contacts the plated steel plate end surface only at the very beginning of the lowering and does not contact thereafter. Therefore, the plated metal is not extruded below the end face of the steel plate, and no thread-like plating scraps are generated.
[0013]
However, if the distance (C) between the die 11 and the punch 13 is extremely narrow with respect to the plate thickness (t) of the plated steel sheet to be bent, the flange is abruptly bent by the lowering of the punch. It becomes difficult to stabilize the angle.
In order to stabilize the bending angle of the flange, it is preferable to stop the clearance represented by (C−t) / t × 100 to −35%.
[0014]
【Example】
A low carbon cold-rolled steel plate having a thickness of 1.5 mm was used as a base plate, and a steel plate galvanized with a basis weight of 120 g / m 2 was used as a test material.
A bending flange having a length of 2.0 mm was formed on the sheared end of the sheared plated steel sheet by changing the processing conditions as shown in the following table using a slide bending apparatus as shown in FIG.
The clearance is the ratio of the distance between the die and the punch (C) to the plate thickness (t) of the steel sheet to be processed, and is expressed as clearance (%) = (C−t) / t × 100. The punch push-in amount is the length (L in FIG. 1) that the punch is pushed in after contacting the plated steel plate.
[0015]
Figure 0004388764
[0016]
Table 2 shows the results of the workability evaluation as seen from the presence or absence of the occurrence of thread-like plating scraps. In Table 2, ◯ indicates that no thread-like plating scraps were generated, △ indicates that mild thread-like plating scraps were generated, and × indicates a case where thread-like plating scraps were generated. Yes.
In the range where the clearance is 0 or more, generation of thread-like plating scraps was observed, including mild ones, in the punch stroke range of 0.5 to 4.0 mm. On the other hand, when the clearance is in a negative range, that is, when the distance between the die and the punch is made narrower than the thickness of the plate, generation of yarn scraps on the yarn was not observed.
When observing the end face of the flange that was slide-bent with a negative clearance, the plating surface slightly recessed from the end face of the flange was slightly depressed, but no peeling or dropping of the plating layer was observed.
[0017]
As the punch descends, the R part at the tip of the punch comes into contact with the plated surface of the flange end face very early, but as the punch moves down, the contact position moves from the flange end face toward the bending fulcrum, so It is prevented from being extruded further downward.
As the clearance becomes narrower, the punch stroke becomes shorter. This is because as the clearance becomes narrower, the bending angle of the flange becomes more sensitive to the punching stroke, and the bending angle rises rapidly.
It was found that when the clearance was -35%, the bending angle was changed by about 15 ° by changing the punch stroke by 0.25 mm. Although it depends on the standard of the flange bending angle of the product, it is practically difficult in terms of quality control to further reduce the clearance.
[0018]
Figure 0004388764
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is difficult to prevent the generation of plating scraps, and it is only necessary to adjust the punch stroke even in the case of a bending flange that is extremely short with respect to the plate thickness. Thus, flange bending with an angle of less than 90 ° can be applied to the end of the plated steel sheet without generating thread-like plating scraps. For this reason, the flange bending of the plated steel plate cutting end surface used for home appliance parts, car body parts, building material parts, etc. can be performed with high productivity. Furthermore, since the user is not damaged by the cut end face or the clothes are caught on the cut end face, the product using the plated steel sheet can be used with confidence.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a slide bending method. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the state of occurrence of filamentous plating scraps. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a bending method of the present invention.

Claims (1)

ダイ上に載置しためっき鋼板を板押さえで押さえた状態で、ダイ端部から出されている鋼板端部を上方からパンチで押圧することにより、板厚の3倍以下の短い端部を下方に折り曲げるスライド曲げ加工を行う際に、ダイとパンチの間隔を加工するめっき鋼板の板厚よりも狭くして、上方からパンチで押圧することにより90°未満の角度の曲げ加工を行うことを特徴とするめっき鋼板の曲げ加工方法。In the state where the plated steel plate placed on the die is pressed with a plate press, the end of the steel plate protruding from the end of the die is pressed with a punch from above, so that the short end less than 3 times the plate thickness is lowered. When the slide bending process is performed, the distance between the die and the punch is made narrower than the thickness of the plated steel sheet to be processed, and the bending process is performed at an angle of less than 90 ° by pressing with a punch from above. A method for bending a plated steel sheet.
JP2003168981A 2003-06-13 2003-06-13 Bending method of plated steel sheet Expired - Fee Related JP4388764B2 (en)

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