JP4388280B2 - Composition having antibacterial or bactericidal action - Google Patents

Composition having antibacterial or bactericidal action Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4388280B2
JP4388280B2 JP2003007936A JP2003007936A JP4388280B2 JP 4388280 B2 JP4388280 B2 JP 4388280B2 JP 2003007936 A JP2003007936 A JP 2003007936A JP 2003007936 A JP2003007936 A JP 2003007936A JP 4388280 B2 JP4388280 B2 JP 4388280B2
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antibacterial
composition
antifungal
silver oxide
silver
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JP2004217581A (en
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隆男 鷲見
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、黄色ぶどう球菌による食中毒の防止、植物病原菌の殺菌、水生細菌レジオネラ菌による公害の防止など、一般生活環境から社会労働環境までのあらゆる環境における抗菌/殺菌および防黴作用を有する組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
銀は、人体には安全な金属として知られている。銀は経口吸収されても24〜48時間以内に摂取量の90%以上が体外に排出され、臓器内に残留されないため、食器、鏡やネックレスなどの装飾品、口腔清涼剤あるいは幼児向け薬剤の被覆剤、食品添加物等として使用されている。例えば、銀を一度に多量に吸収した場合でも、アルギニア症(銀白皮症)として皮膚が銀白から灰色になる症状が認められるが、死には至らない。
【0003】
一方、銀は、抗菌作用を有していることも知られており、例えば、染料、繊維、プラスチックなどの抗菌剤として使用されている。金属としての銀は水に対する溶解性は全くないが、酸化銀は水にごく微量溶解し、銀塩類は水に溶解する。このため、染料、繊維、プラスチックなどの抗菌剤として銀を用いる場合には、銀塩類が用いられる。しかし、銀塩類を直接、染料、繊維、プラスチックなどの抗菌剤として用いると、染料・繊維の変色あるいは繊維の着色を引き起こすため、銀塩類を多孔質物質の燐酸塩系坦持体の燐酸ジルコニウム、燐酸カルシウム (アパタイト)、珪酸塩系坦持体のゼオライト、粘土鉱物、シリカゲル、シリカ/アルミナ、ガラス、活性炭などに吸着坦持させて粉体を形成し、これを抗菌剤として、染料、繊維、プラスチックなどに練り込んで、手、皮膚などと接触する成形品、例えば、抗菌まな板、抗菌タオル、抗菌ボールペン、抗菌便座、水洗ガランなどの成形品とし、殺菌効果を発揮させているのが現状である。
【0004】
しかし、混合された銀塩類の98%以上が成型体内部に存在し、抗菌効果を必要とする表面には、ほんのわずかしか存在しないため、目的の抗菌効果を充分に発揮することができない。十分な殺菌機能を発揮するまで銀塩類を担持させた粉体を添加すると、成型品自身の強度が低下してしまうという問題がある。そこで、成形品の強度と抗菌効果の妥協点として、成形品には、多くて5%程度の抗菌剤の添加しか行われていないのが現状である。
【0005】
他方、液状又は水溶性の抗菌防黴剤も使用されている。例えば、特許文献1には、無機銀のクロロ錯塩からなる抗菌防黴溶液が記載されている。さらに、アルコール系、フェノール系(クレゾール系)、第四級アンモニウム塩系、あるいは銀、銅、コバルトなどの金属とアミノ酸、チオ硫酸、チオシアン酸などとの錯塩系の抗菌防黴剤が実用化されている。例えば、チオ硫酸銀からなる抗菌防黴剤を用いて、花の根切りを行い、花の延命化が図られている。
【0006】
これらの液状又は水溶性の抗菌防黴剤は、通常の物品の表面に塗布、あるいは噴射することにより、抗菌防黴性能を付与できるというメリットがある。
【0007】
しかし、アルコール系の抗菌防黴剤は、水洗などにより除去される、揮発性である為引火の危険性があるなどの問題がある。
【0008】
フェノール系(クレゾール系)の抗菌防黴剤は、水洗などにより除去されるという問題の他、毒性の強い医薬用外劇毒物である為、安全上の問題がある。
【0009】
第四級アンモニウム塩系抗菌防黴剤は、陽イオン界面活性剤であり、陰イオン界面活性剤である石鹸、台所洗剤などと容易に中和反応し、抗菌防黴効果が失われるという問題がある。
【0010】
さらに、銀、銅、コバルトなどの金属とアミノ酸、チオ硫酸、チオシアン酸なとどの錯塩系の抗菌防黴剤は、殺菌性のある金属部分がプラス電位のため、マイナス電位を有する物品には、電位中和されて、水洗などの簡易操作では除去できないというメリットもある。しかし、錯塩系の抗菌防黴剤は、以下のような問題がある:フェノール系(クレゾール系)の抗菌防黴剤と同様、毒性の強い医薬用外劇毒物である為、安全上の問題がある;酸や熱により分解して有毒ガスを発生する;自己反応して硫化金属に変化して抗菌防黴能力が低下する;上記金属とアミノ酸塩などとの有機錯塩は、錯塩の安定性が比較的低い為、紫外線によって金属分が析出し、変色し易く、その結果、抗菌防黴効果が著しく低下する;皮膚に付くと皮膚が黒化する場合がある;工業的には該して製造コストが高い;など。
【0011】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−182326号公報
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、このような従来の状況に鑑み、一般生活環境から社会労働環境までのあらゆる環境において優れた抗菌/殺菌および防黴作用を有し、熱、紫外線などによって効果が失われることのない抗菌防黴液剤を提供することを目的とする。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、無機アンモニウム塩、有機アンモニウム塩およびアミノ基を含有する化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの窒素含有化合物、酸化銀、およびカルシウム塩を含有する抗菌または殺菌作用を有する組成物を提供する。
【0014】
好ましい実施態様においては、前記組成物は溶媒を含有する液状組成物であり、該液状組成物中に、前記窒素含有化合物が0.2mg〜200g、酸化銀が0.01mg〜10g、そして、カルシウム塩が0.02mg〜25gの割合で含有される。
【0015】
また、好ましい実施態様においては、前記組成物は溶媒を含有する液状組成物であり、該液状組成物1L中に、前記窒素含有化合物が0.2mg〜200g、酸化銀が0.01mg〜10g、そして、カルシウム塩が0.02mg〜25g含有される。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の抗菌防黴組成物は、無機アンモニウム塩、有機アンモニウム塩およびアミノ基を含有する化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの窒素含有化合物、酸化銀、およびカルシウム塩を含有する。
【0017】
無機アンモニウム塩としては、硝酸アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウムなどが用いられる。硫酸アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウムなどの硫黄原子あるいはリン原子を含むアンモニウム塩は、本発明の組成物が液状組成物である場合、製造された当初は、無色、無臭であるが、保存中に着色あるいは沈澱を生じるおそれがあるので、硝酸アンモニウム塩が最も好ましく用いられる。
【0018】
有機アンモニウム塩としては、低級脂肪酸のアンモニウム塩が好ましく用いられる。低級脂肪酸としては、炭素数が1〜5の脂肪酸が好ましく用いられる。水溶性の低級脂肪酸アンモニウム塩としては、ギ酸アンモニウム、酢酸アンモニウム、プロピオン酸アンモニウム、酪酸アンモニウム塩などが挙げられる。酸化銀の溶解性を考慮すると、酢酸アンモニウムが最も好ましく用いられる。
【0019】
アミノ基を有する化合物としては、分子量が200未満の低分子の化合物が好ましく用いられる。アミノ酸あるいは尿素が好ましく用いられる。本発明に用いるアミノ酸は、アミノ基とカルボキシル基が近接していることが好ましい。これは、アミノ基とカルボキシル基ができるだけ近接している方が酸化銀の溶解性を高め、逆にアミノ基とカルボキシル基の間の間隔が大きい程、酸化銀の溶解性が低くなると考えられるからである。従って、アラニンが最も好ましく用いられる。
【0020】
本発明に用いられる酸化銀は、水にごく少量溶解し得る。酸化銀の水への溶解度は18℃において0.57×10−4モル/L(0.01321mg/L)に過ぎないが、水溶液はアルカリ性を示す。水溶液中の酸化銀は、下記式に示すように解離している。
AgO+HO → AgO+2OH
解離して溶解している酸化銀イオンは、硝酸銀などの銀塩類を水に溶解させて得られる銀イオンとほぼ同程度の反応性を示す。溶液中の酸化銀イオンは紫外線によって分解されず、長期間に渡る安定性が認められる。
【0021】
本発明においては、酸化銀は、錯体の状態で存在してもよい。錯体の形成は、酸化銀を溶解した溶液中に、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属のハロゲン塩を過剰に添加することにより行われる。酸化銀が、酸化銀ハロゲン錯イオンとなり、酸化銀が溶解するので、酸化銀の濃度を高めることができる。
【0022】
カルシウム塩は、一般的に水に溶解しにくいが、その中でも水溶性の高いカルシウム塩、例えば、硝酸カルシウム、炭酸カルシウムなどが好ましく用いられる。
【0023】
本発明の抗菌防黴組成物は、粉末状でも液状でもよいが、好ましくは液状である。本発明の粉末状あるいは液状の抗菌防黴組成物中には、窒素含有化合物が0.2mg〜200g、酸化銀が0.01mg〜10g、そして、カルシウム塩が0.02mg〜25gの割合で含有される。このことは、これと異なる質量単位であっても、それぞれ、この質量単位に比例計算した場合に、この割合で含まれればよいことを意味する。
【0024】
好ましい態様で、1Lの抗菌防黴組成物を作成する場合、窒素含有化合物は、組成物1Lあたり、0.2mg〜200g含まれる。好ましくは、0.1mg〜50g、より好ましくは、0.1mg〜10g含まれる。
【0025】
酸化銀は、組成物1Lあたり、0.01mg〜10g含まれる。好ましくは、0.01mg〜1g、より好ましくは、0.01mg〜0.5g含まれる。すなわち、酸化銀イオンとしては約0.008mg〜8.3g、好ましくは0.008mg〜0.8g、さらに好ましくは0.008mg〜0.41g含まれる。
【0026】
カルシウム塩は、組成物1Lあたり、0.02mg〜25g含有される。好ましくは0.02mg〜10g、より好ましくは0.01mg〜5gである。
【0027】
このようにして得られた抗菌防黴組成物は、そのままで、あるいは希釈して、使用され得る。希釈倍率は、酸化銀イオンの濃度、対象となる微生物などに応じて、決定すればよい。
【0028】
また、本発明の組成物中含まれる酸化銀の重量を1とした場合に、窒素含有化合物は10〜30倍量、カルシウム塩は1〜3倍量となるように含まれることが好ましい。最も好ましくは、酸化銀の重量を1とした場合、窒素含有化合物が20倍量、そしてカルシウム塩が2倍量含まれる。
【0029】
本発明の組成物は、各成分を任意の順番で、混合するか、あるいは水に溶解することにより、製造される。例えば、適当量の水に、窒素含有化合物とカルシウム塩とを溶解し、これに酸化銀を溶解して、最後に水を加えて重量を調節することにより、本発明の組成物が調製される。あるいは、適当量の水に、窒素含有化合物と酸化銀とを溶解し、これに、カルシウム塩を予め溶解した水溶液を加えて、最終液量を調節することにより、本発明の組成物が調製される。
【0030】
このようにして調製された本発明の組成物は、そのまま、あるいは適切な濃度となるように希釈して使用する。本発明の抗菌防黴を有する組成物は、大腸菌、黄色ブドウ球菌などの食中毒の病原菌、水棲細菌であるレジオネラ菌などに対して抗菌作用を有する。そのため、手、皮膚の殺菌・消毒、まな板などの殺菌、冷房装置などのクーリングタワーに用いる水の殺菌などに用いられる。
【0031】
さらに、カビ、あるいはキュウリなどの根腐病の病原菌に対しても効果を有するので、農薬としても用いられ得る。例えば、農林水産省が公表している平成5年度病害虫関係試験成績概要集には、銀濃度30ppb(0.03mg/L)以上で根腐病の病原菌Pythium aphanidermatumの遊走子の遊泳および発芽を阻害することができると記載されている。そのため、この30ppbの銀イオン(酸化銀)を含有する本発明の抗菌抗黴組成物を使用することでキュウリに対する根腐病の防除が可能である。
【0032】
【実施例】
実施例1〜3において、抗菌防黴剤を調製し、大腸菌、黄色ブドウ球菌、カビ、およびレジオネラ菌について、抗菌効果を確認した。各微生物に対する効果の確認方法は、以下の通りである。
【0033】
(大腸菌に対する効果)
大腸菌Escherichia coli IF0 3301を普通ブイヨン培地で35℃、18時間、3回継代培養したものを滅菌リン酸緩衝液を用いて洗浄し、適切な濃度の大腸菌溶液を準備した。抗菌防黴剤を、酸化銀イオンの濃度が0.04mg/Lとなるように調製し、抗菌防黴液を得た。この抗菌防黴液に所望の菌数となるように大腸菌溶液を添加して、0時間、1.5時間、3時間、4.5時間および6時間目にそれぞれ1mlサンプリングして、CDLP寒天培地(栄研)に塗抹し、35℃で72時間培養して、生育したコロニー数を測定した。
【0034】
(黄色ブドウ球菌に対する効果)
供試菌株として、黄色ブドウ球菌Staphylococcus aureus IF0 12732を用いた以外は、大腸菌の場合と同様に処理して、生育したコロニー数を測定した。
【0035】
(カビに対する効果)
カビ抵抗性試験[ISO 846 1978(E)]に基づいて測定した。供試菌株としてAspergillus niger IF0 6341および Penicillium funiculosum IF0 6345を、それぞれ一白金耳ずつ採り、同じ胞子懸濁用液に懸濁して十分に分散混合させた。これを乾燥滅菌した濾紙で濾過し、濾液を混合胞子懸濁液とした。抗菌防黴剤を酸化銀イオンの濃度が0.04mg/Lとなるように調製し、抗菌防黴液を得た。この抗菌防黴溶液1Lに、得られた混合胞子懸濁液を10ml添加し、攪拌したものを4時間放置し、その1mlを無機塩平板培地に均一に塗布し、28℃、1週間培養後、カビの発育状態を以下の基準で判断した。
【0036】
【表1】

Figure 0004388280
【0037】
(レジオネラ菌に対する効果)
レジオネラ菌Legionella pneumophila serogroup1 No.OC18701に対する効果を、大阪市立環境科学研究所に委託して、測定した。−80℃で冷凍保存した供試菌株をBCYE寒天培地で37℃で4日間培養し、さらに、BCYE寒天培地で2日間継代培養したものを滅菌生理食塩水に懸濁し、10cfu/mlの供試菌株液を調製した。抗菌防黴剤を、酸化銀イオンの濃度が0.04mg/Lの濃度となるように調製し、抗菌防黴液を得た。9.9mlの抗菌防黴液を滅菌試験管に採取し、30℃の浴槽に20分以上静置した。この抗菌防黴液に供試菌株液を0.1ml添加した。0.5時間〜7時間経過まで各時間ごとに100μl採取し、BCYE寒天培地に塗抹し、35℃で7日間培養後、生育コロニー数を測定した。
【0038】
(実施例1)
硝酸アンモニウム10g、および硝酸カルシウム1.2gを500gの純水に溶解し、攪拌下、酸化銀0.48gを添加し、均一に溶解させた後、さらに488.32gの純水を追加して、抗菌防黴剤を調製した。この抗菌防黴剤の酸化銀イオン濃度は400mg/Lであった。
【0039】
(実施例2)
アラニン10gを500gの純水に溶解させた。この水溶液に、攪拌下、酸化銀0.48gを添加し、均一に溶解した。別に硝酸カルシウム1.2gを予め488.32gの純水に溶解させて準備した。これらを混合することで、抗菌防黴剤を調製した。この抗菌防黴剤の酸化銀イオン濃度は400mg/Lであった。
【0040】
(実施例3)
尿素10g、硝酸カルシウム1.2gを500gの純水に溶解し、攪拌下、酸化銀0.48gを添加して均一に溶解させた。溶解後、488.32gの純水を追加して、抗菌防黴剤を調製した。この抗菌防黴剤の酸化銀イオン濃度は400mg/Lであった。
【0041】
得られた実施例1〜3の防菌防黴剤を用いて、大腸菌、黄色ブドウ球菌、カビ、およびレジオネラ菌について、抗菌効果を確認した。大腸菌、黄色ブドウ球菌、カビ、およびレジオネラ菌に対する抗菌効果を、それぞれ、表2、表3、表4および表5に示す。なお、レジオネラ菌については、実施例1の防菌防黴剤についてのみ、確認試験を行った。
【0042】
【表2】
Figure 0004388280
【0043】
【表3】
Figure 0004388280
【0044】
【表4】
Figure 0004388280
【0045】
【表5】
Figure 0004388280
【0046】
表2〜5の結果から、本発明の組成物は、大腸菌、黄色ブドウ球菌、カビ、およびレジオネラ菌に対して、顕著な抗菌防黴作用を有することが確認された。
【0047】
(比較例1)
細胞分裂に要する時間は、大腸菌では13〜18分、黄色ブドウ球菌では27〜30分、枯草菌では30分、腸炎ビブリオ菌では20分と言われている。この細胞分裂に要する時間以内に抗菌効果が発揮できれば、抗菌防黴効果として優れているということができる。そこで、カルシウム有無による抗菌防黴効果の差異を検討した。実施例1において、硝酸カルシウムを添加しない抗菌抗黴剤を調製して、比較例1とした。
【0048】
実施例1と比較例1の抗菌防黴剤を用い、大腸菌および黄色ブドウ球菌に対する効果を測定した。結果を表6に示す。
【0049】
【表6】
Figure 0004388280
【0050】
表6の結果から、カルシウムを含有する本発明の組成物は、細胞分裂に要する時間内にその効果を発揮することから、優れた抗菌防黴組成物である。
【0051】
【発明の効果】
無機アンモニウム塩、有機アンモニウム塩およびアミノ基を含有する化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの窒素含有化合物、酸化銀、およびカルシウム塩を含有する本発明の抗菌防黴組成物は、大腸菌、黄色ブドウ球菌などの食中毒菌、レジオネラ菌などの病原菌、キュウリ根腐病などの微生物、カビなどに対して抗菌防黴効果を有する。本発明の組成物は、安価で、容易に入手可能な材料から、常温、常圧で容易に製造され、揮発性もなく、無色無臭で、長期間保存が可能である。そのため、本発明の組成物は、環境にやさしく、各種水系用途に適用することにより抗菌・殺菌及び防黴効果を発揮できるので、一般生活環境から社会労働環境までのあらゆる環境において、有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a composition having antibacterial / sterilizing and antifungal actions in all environments from general living environment to social work environment such as prevention of food poisoning by Staphylococcus aureus, sterilization of plant pathogens, prevention of pollution by aquatic bacteria Legionella, etc. About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Silver is known as a safe metal for the human body. Since silver is absorbed orally, more than 90% of the intake is discharged outside the body within 24 to 48 hours and does not remain in the organ. It is used as a coating agent and food additive. For example, even when a large amount of silver is absorbed at one time, symptom of the skin becoming silver-white to gray is recognized as arginosis (silver baldness), but it does not lead to death.
[0003]
On the other hand, silver is also known to have an antibacterial action, and is used as an antibacterial agent such as dyes, fibers, and plastics. Silver as a metal has no solubility in water, but silver oxide dissolves in a very small amount in water, and silver salts dissolve in water. For this reason, when using silver as antibacterial agents, such as dye, a fiber, and a plastic, silver salts are used. However, when silver salts are used directly as antibacterial agents such as dyes, fibers and plastics, they cause discoloration of the dyes / fibers or coloring of the fibers. Calcium phosphate (apatite), silicate carrier zeolite, clay mineral, silica gel, silica / alumina, glass, activated carbon, etc. are adsorbed and supported to form powder, which is used as an antibacterial agent, dye, fiber, It is currently used as a molded product that is kneaded into plastic and comes into contact with hands, skin, etc., such as antibacterial cutting boards, antibacterial towels, antibacterial ballpoint pens, antibacterial toilet seats, flush gallans, etc. is there.
[0004]
However, 98% or more of the mixed silver salts are present in the molded body, and only a small amount is present on the surface that requires the antibacterial effect, so that the target antibacterial effect cannot be sufficiently exhibited. If the powder carrying the silver salt is added until a sufficient sterilizing function is exhibited, there is a problem that the strength of the molded product itself is lowered. Therefore, as a compromise between the strength of the molded product and the antibacterial effect, the molded product is only added with an antibacterial agent of about 5% at most.
[0005]
On the other hand, liquid or water-soluble antibacterial and antifungal agents are also used. For example, Patent Document 1 describes an antibacterial and antifungal solution comprising a chloro complex salt of inorganic silver. Furthermore, antibacterial and antifungal agents based on alcohols, phenols (cresols), quaternary ammonium salts, or complex salts of metals such as silver, copper and cobalt with amino acids, thiosulfuric acid and thiocyanic acid have been put into practical use. ing. For example, using an antibacterial and antifungal agent made of silver thiosulfate, flower roots are cut to prolong the life of the flowers.
[0006]
These liquid or water-soluble antibacterial / antifungal agents have an advantage that antibacterial / antifungal performance can be imparted by coating or spraying on the surface of ordinary articles.
[0007]
However, alcoholic antibacterial and antifungal agents have a problem that they are removed by washing with water or the like, and because they are volatile, there is a risk of ignition.
[0008]
Phenolic (cresol) antibacterial and antifungal agents are problematic in that they are removed by washing with water and the like, and also have safety problems because they are highly toxic external poisonous drugs.
[0009]
Quaternary ammonium salt-based antibacterial and antifungal agents are cationic surfactants, and easily neutralize with anionic surfactants such as soaps and kitchen detergents. is there.
[0010]
In addition, antibacterial antifungal agents such as silver, copper, cobalt and other metals and amino acids, thiosulfuric acid, thiocyanic acid and the like have a positive potential for the bactericidal metal part. There is also an advantage that the potential is neutralized and cannot be removed by a simple operation such as washing with water. However, complex antibacterial and antifungal agents have the following problems: Like phenolic (cresol) antibacterial and antifungal agents, they are highly toxic external poisonous poisons, so there are safety issues. Decomposes by acid or heat to generate toxic gas; self-reacts and changes to metal sulfide to reduce antibacterial and antifungal ability; Organic complex salts of the above metals with amino acid salts have complex salt stability Since it is relatively low, the metal component is easily deposited by ultraviolet rays and is easily discolored. As a result, the antibacterial and antifungal effect is remarkably reduced; High cost; etc.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-182326
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of such a conventional situation, the present invention has an excellent antibacterial / sterilizing and antifungal action in every environment from a general living environment to a social work environment, and the effect is not lost by heat, ultraviolet rays, or the like. An object is to provide an antibacterial and antifungal solution.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to an antibacterial or bactericidal composition containing at least one nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of inorganic ammonium salts, organic ammonium salts and compounds containing amino groups, silver oxide, and calcium salts. provide.
[0014]
In a preferred embodiment, the composition is a liquid composition containing a solvent, in which the nitrogen-containing compound is 0.2 mg to 200 g, silver oxide is 0.01 mg to 10 g, and calcium. A salt is contained in a ratio of 0.02 mg to 25 g.
[0015]
In a preferred embodiment, the composition is a liquid composition containing a solvent, and in the liquid composition 1L, the nitrogen-containing compound is 0.2 mg to 200 g, the silver oxide is 0.01 mg to 10 g, And 0.02 mg-25g of calcium salts are contained.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The antibacterial and antifungal composition of the present invention contains at least one nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of inorganic ammonium salts, organic ammonium salts, and compounds containing amino groups, silver oxide, and calcium salts.
[0017]
As the inorganic ammonium salt, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate or the like is used. Ammonium salts containing sulfur atoms or phosphorus atoms, such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate, are initially colorless and odorless when the composition of the present invention is a liquid composition, but are colored or precipitated during storage. Therefore, ammonium nitrate is most preferably used.
[0018]
As the organic ammonium salt, an ammonium salt of a lower fatty acid is preferably used. As the lower fatty acid, a fatty acid having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is preferably used. Examples of the water-soluble lower fatty acid ammonium salt include ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, ammonium propionate, and ammonium butyrate. Considering the solubility of silver oxide, ammonium acetate is most preferably used.
[0019]
As the compound having an amino group, a low molecular compound having a molecular weight of less than 200 is preferably used. An amino acid or urea is preferably used. As for the amino acid used for this invention, it is preferable that an amino group and a carboxyl group are adjoining. This is because the solubility of silver oxide increases when the amino group and the carboxyl group are as close as possible, and conversely, the greater the distance between the amino group and the carboxyl group, the lower the solubility of the silver oxide. It is. Therefore, alanine is most preferably used.
[0020]
The silver oxide used in the present invention can be dissolved in a very small amount in water. The solubility of silver oxide in water is only 0.57 × 10 −4 mol / L (0.01321 mg / L) at 18 ° C., but the aqueous solution is alkaline. Silver oxide in the aqueous solution is dissociated as shown in the following formula.
AgO 2 + H 2 O → AgO + + 2OH
The dissociated and dissolved silver oxide ions exhibit almost the same reactivity as silver ions obtained by dissolving silver salts such as silver nitrate in water. Silver oxide ions in the solution are not decomposed by ultraviolet rays, and stability over a long period is recognized.
[0021]
In the present invention, silver oxide may be present in a complex state. The complex is formed by adding an excess of a halogen salt of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal to a solution in which silver oxide is dissolved. Since silver oxide becomes silver oxide halogen complex ions and silver oxide is dissolved, the concentration of silver oxide can be increased.
[0022]
Calcium salts are generally difficult to dissolve in water, but among them, highly water-soluble calcium salts such as calcium nitrate and calcium carbonate are preferably used.
[0023]
The antibacterial and antifungal composition of the present invention may be in the form of powder or liquid, but is preferably liquid. In the powdery or liquid antibacterial and antifungal composition of the present invention, the nitrogen-containing compound is contained in a proportion of 0.2 mg to 200 g, the silver oxide is 0.01 mg to 10 g, and the calcium salt is contained in a proportion of 0.02 mg to 25 g. Is done. This means that even if the mass unit is different from this, it may be included in this proportion when calculated in proportion to the mass unit.
[0024]
In a preferred embodiment, when a 1 L antibacterial / antifungal composition is prepared, the nitrogen-containing compound is contained in an amount of 0.2 mg to 200 g per 1 L of the composition. Preferably, 0.1 mg to 50 g, more preferably 0.1 mg to 10 g is contained.
[0025]
Silver oxide is contained in an amount of 0.01 mg to 10 g per liter of the composition. Preferably, 0.01 mg to 1 g, more preferably 0.01 mg to 0.5 g is contained. That is, the silver oxide ion is contained in an amount of about 0.008 mg to 8.3 g, preferably 0.008 mg to 0.8 g, and more preferably 0.008 mg to 0.41 g.
[0026]
The calcium salt is contained in an amount of 0.02 mg to 25 g per liter of the composition. Preferably it is 0.02 mg-10 g, More preferably, it is 0.01 mg-5 g.
[0027]
The antibacterial and antifungal composition thus obtained can be used as it is or after being diluted. The dilution factor may be determined according to the concentration of silver oxide ions, the target microorganism, and the like.
[0028]
Moreover, when the weight of the silver oxide contained in the composition of this invention is set to 1, it is preferable that a nitrogen containing compound is contained so that it may become 10-30 times amount and a calcium salt may become 1-3 times amount. Most preferably, when the weight of silver oxide is 1, the nitrogen-containing compound is contained 20 times and the calcium salt is contained twice.
[0029]
The composition of the present invention is produced by mixing the components in any order or dissolving them in water. For example, the composition of the present invention is prepared by dissolving a nitrogen-containing compound and a calcium salt in an appropriate amount of water, dissolving silver oxide therein, and finally adding water to adjust the weight. . Alternatively, the composition of the present invention is prepared by dissolving a nitrogen-containing compound and silver oxide in an appropriate amount of water, and adding an aqueous solution in which a calcium salt is previously dissolved to adjust the final solution amount. The
[0030]
The composition of the present invention thus prepared is used as it is or after being diluted to an appropriate concentration. The composition having antibacterial and antifungal properties of the present invention has an antibacterial action against food poisoning pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and Legionella, which is a varicella bacterium. For this reason, it is used for sterilization and disinfection of hands and skin, sterilization of cutting boards and the like, and sterilization of water used in cooling towers such as cooling devices.
[0031]
Further, since it is effective against root rot pathogens such as mold and cucumber, it can also be used as an agrochemical. For example, the summary of 1993 pest-related test results published by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries inhibits the migration and germination of zoospores of Pythium aphanidermatum, a pathogen of root rot at a silver concentration of 30 ppb (0.03 mg / L) or higher. It is stated that you can. Therefore, it is possible to control root rot against cucumber by using the antibacterial and antifungal composition of the present invention containing 30 ppb of silver ions (silver oxide).
[0032]
【Example】
In Examples 1 to 3, an antibacterial / antifungal agent was prepared, and antibacterial effects were confirmed for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, mold, and Legionella. The method for confirming the effect on each microorganism is as follows.
[0033]
(Effect on E. coli)
Escherichia coli IF0 3301 was subcultured three times in normal broth medium at 35 ° C. for 18 hours, and washed with a sterile phosphate buffer solution to prepare an Escherichia coli solution having an appropriate concentration. An antibacterial and antifungal agent was prepared so that the concentration of silver oxide ions was 0.04 mg / L to obtain an antibacterial and antifungal solution. E. coli solution was added to this antibacterial fungus so as to obtain the desired number of bacteria, and 1 ml was sampled at 0 hour, 1.5 hour, 3 hours, 4.5 hours and 6 hours, respectively. (Eiken) was smeared and cultured at 35 ° C. for 72 hours, and the number of grown colonies was measured.
[0034]
(Effects against Staphylococcus aureus)
The number of colonies grown was measured in the same manner as in E. coli except that Staphylococcus aureus IF0 12732 was used as a test strain.
[0035]
(Effects against mold)
It measured based on the mold resistance test [ISO 846 1978 (E)]. As test strains, Aspergillus niger IF0 6341 and Penicillium funiculosum IF0 6345 were each taken as one platinum loop, suspended in the same spore suspension solution, and sufficiently dispersed and mixed. This was filtered through dry sterilized filter paper, and the filtrate was made into a mixed spore suspension. An antibacterial and antifungal agent was prepared so that the concentration of silver oxide ions was 0.04 mg / L to obtain an antibacterial and antifungal solution. 10 ml of the obtained mixed spore suspension was added to 1 L of this antibacterial and antifungal solution, and the stirred mixture was left for 4 hours. The 1 ml was evenly applied to an inorganic salt plate medium and cultured at 28 ° C. for 1 week. The mold growth status was judged according to the following criteria.
[0036]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004388280
[0037]
(Effects against Legionella)
The effect on Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 No. OC18701 was commissioned to Osaka City Institute of Environmental Science and measured. The test strain frozen and stored at −80 ° C. was cultured on BCYE agar medium at 37 ° C. for 4 days, and further subcultured on BCYE agar medium for 2 days, suspended in sterile physiological saline, and 10 8 cfu / ml. A test strain solution was prepared. An antibacterial and antifungal agent was prepared so that the concentration of silver oxide ions was 0.04 mg / L to obtain an antibacterial and antifungal solution. 9.9 ml of antibacterial antifungal solution was collected in a sterile test tube and left in a 30 ° C. bath for 20 minutes or longer. 0.1 ml of the test strain solution was added to this antibacterial and antifungal solution. 100 μl was collected every hour until 0.5 to 7 hours passed, smeared on a BCYE agar medium, cultured for 7 days at 35 ° C., and the number of growing colonies was measured.
[0038]
Example 1
Dissolve 10 g of ammonium nitrate and 1.2 g of calcium nitrate in 500 g of pure water, add 0.48 g of silver oxide with stirring, and dissolve uniformly, then add 488.32 g of pure water to add antibacterial An antifungal agent was prepared. The silver oxide ion concentration of this antibacterial and antifungal agent was 400 mg / L.
[0039]
(Example 2)
10 g of alanine was dissolved in 500 g of pure water. To this aqueous solution, 0.48 g of silver oxide was added with stirring and dissolved uniformly. Separately, 1.2 g of calcium nitrate was previously dissolved in 488.32 g of pure water and prepared. By mixing these, an antibacterial and antifungal agent was prepared. The silver oxide ion concentration of this antibacterial and antifungal agent was 400 mg / L.
[0040]
(Example 3)
10 g of urea and 1.2 g of calcium nitrate were dissolved in 500 g of pure water, and 0.48 g of silver oxide was added and uniformly dissolved under stirring. After dissolution, 488.32 g of pure water was added to prepare an antibacterial and antifungal agent. The silver oxide ion concentration of this antibacterial and antifungal agent was 400 mg / L.
[0041]
The antibacterial effect was confirmed about colon_bacillus | E._coli, Staphylococcus aureus, mold | fungi, and Legionella using the obtained antifungal agent of Examples 1-3. The antibacterial effects against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, mold and Legionella are shown in Table 2, Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5, respectively. In addition, about Legionella bacteria, only the antifungal agent of Example 1 was confirmed.
[0042]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004388280
[0043]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004388280
[0044]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004388280
[0045]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004388280
[0046]
From the results of Tables 2 to 5, it was confirmed that the composition of the present invention has a remarkable antibacterial and antifungal action against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, mold, and Legionella.
[0047]
(Comparative Example 1)
The time required for cell division is said to be 13 to 18 minutes for Escherichia coli, 27 to 30 minutes for Staphylococcus aureus, 30 minutes for Bacillus subtilis, and 20 minutes for Vibrio parahaemolyticus. If the antibacterial effect can be exhibited within the time required for this cell division, it can be said that the antibacterial and antifungal effect is excellent. Therefore, the difference in antibacterial and antifungal effects with and without calcium was examined. In Example 1, an antibacterial antiepileptic agent to which calcium nitrate was not added was prepared as Comparative Example 1.
[0048]
Using the antibacterial and antifungal agents of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the effects on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were measured. The results are shown in Table 6.
[0049]
[Table 6]
Figure 0004388280
[0050]
From the results in Table 6, the composition of the present invention containing calcium is an excellent antibacterial and antifungal composition because it exhibits its effect within the time required for cell division.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
The antibacterial and antifungal composition of the present invention containing at least one nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of an inorganic ammonium salt, an organic ammonium salt, and an amino group-containing compound, silver oxide, and calcium salt is Escherichia coli, yellow It has antibacterial and antifungal effects against food poisoning bacteria such as staphylococci, pathogenic bacteria such as Legionella, microorganisms such as cucumber root rot, and mold. The composition of the present invention is easily produced from inexpensive and readily available materials at ordinary temperature and pressure, is not volatile, is colorless and odorless, and can be stored for a long period of time. Therefore, since the composition of the present invention is environmentally friendly and can exhibit antibacterial, sterilizing and antifungal effects when applied to various water-based applications, it is useful in any environment from a general living environment to a social work environment.

Claims (3)

硝酸アンモニウム、尿素および分子量が200未満のα−アミノからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの窒素含有化合物、酸化銀、および硝酸カルシウムを含有する、抗菌または殺菌作用を有する組成物。 Nitrate ammonium arm, at least one nitrogen-containing compounds urea and molecular weight are selected from the group consisting of less than 200 alpha-amino acids, containing silver oxide, and nitric calcium, antimicrobial or composition having a bactericidal action. 請求項1に記載の組成物であって、溶媒を含有する液状組成物であり、該液状組成物中に、前記窒素含有化合物が0.2mg〜200g、酸化銀が0.01mg〜10g、そして硝酸カルシウムが0.02mg〜25gの割合で含有される、組成物。The composition according to claim 1, which is a liquid composition containing a solvent, in which the nitrogen-containing compound is 0.2 mg to 200 g, silver oxide is 0.01 mg to 10 g, and nitrate calcium is contained in an amount of 0.02Mg~25g, composition. 請求項1に記載の組成物であって、溶媒を含有する液状組成物であり、該液状組成物1L中に、前記窒素含有化合物が0.2mg〜200g、酸化銀が0.01mg〜10g、そして硝酸カルシウムが0.02mg〜25g含有される、組成物。It is a composition of Claim 1, Comprising: It is a liquid composition containing a solvent, In said liquid composition 1L, the said nitrogen containing compound is 0.2 mg-200g, 0.01 mg-10 g of silver oxide, the nitric acid calcium is contained 0.02Mg~25g, composition.
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