JP4386231B2 - Pallet washing and dewatering method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

【００１１】
実験２では、前記実験１と同じ装置を使用し、パレットが正逆方向にぞれぞれ２回ずつ回転するように、正逆回転の切換回数を３回に設定した状態において、正逆回転の切換間隔を変えた場合の脱水作用の変化を調べた。なお、パレットの回転速度は、実験１と同様に、４５０ｒｐｍに設定した。表２は、以上の実験２の結果を示したものである。表中の水滴数は、実験１と同様に、脱水処理後のパレットを段ボール上に載置した際に段ボール表面に付着した水滴数を数えて示したものである。本実験２の結果より、正逆回転の切換間隔を変えても、脱水作用に関する実用上の差異はあまりないことが判明した。すなわち、正逆回転の切換回数を適当な回数に設定すれば、正逆回転の切換間隔を短く設定することによって、より効率的な脱水作用が可能であることが判明した。
【００１２】
【表２】

【００１３】
実験３では、前記実験１と同じ装置を使用し、パレットが正逆方向にぞれぞれ２回ずつ回転するように、正逆回転の切換回数を３回に設定した状態において、パレットの回転速度を変えた場合の脱水作用の変化を調べた。表３は、以上の実験３の結果を示したものである。表中の水滴数は、実験１と同様に、脱水処理後のパレットを段ボール上に載置した際に段ボール表面に付着した水滴数を数えて示したものである。また、水切状態の欄の○印は水滴が殆ど除去された状態を示し、△印は残留水滴が目立つ状態を示す。本実験３の結果より、パレットの回転速度を３５０ｒｐｍ以上に設定すれば、表面に残留する水滴数からみても、側面や内面の水切状態からみても、良好な脱水作用が得られることが判明した。
【００１４】
【表３】

【００１５】
以上のように、実験１〜３により、１回でも正逆回転の切換えを行えば、無切換えの場合に比較して脱水作用を大幅に改善できることが判明した。また、正逆回転の切換回数に関しては、２回以上に設定すれば、遠心脱水後の状態でも実用上の問題がないほぼ良好な脱水結果が得られることが判明した。また、正逆回転の切換間隔に関しては、これを長く設定しても、脱水作用はあまり改善されないことが判明した。したがって、正逆回転の切換間隔は、装置等に無理がかからない範囲でなるべく短く設定すれば、より効率的な脱水作業が可能である。さらに、パレットの回転速度に関しては、３５０ｒｐｍ以上に設定すれば、良好な脱水作用が得られることが判明した。
【００１６】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、次の効果を得ることができる。
（１）本発明では、同じ装置内でパレットを持替えることなく洗浄作業と脱水作業とを行うように構成したので、それらの一連の作業により作業性が向上される。
（２）また、パレットを回転しながら加熱洗浄媒体を噴射して洗浄した上、その保持状態のままパレットの回転方向を正逆切換えて付着した液分を除去するように構成したので、洗浄後のパレットの温度が高いうちにすぐに脱水処理ができることから液分の乾燥が促進され、より効果的な脱水が可能であり、液分の除去率を改善できる。
（３）しかも、パレットの回転方向の正逆切換えを２回以上に設定したので、上記実験結果に示したとおり、凹部に入り込んだ液分をも効果的に除去することができ、上記（２）の効果と相俟って実用上遜色のない良好な液分の除去状態をより安定的に実現できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明の一実施例の要部を示した概略構成図である。
【図２】 同実施例を上方からみた概略構成図である。
【符号の説明】
１…機体、２…支持部材、３…パレット、４…下部保持手段、５，６…軸受け、７…回転駆動軸、８，９…プーリ、１０…ベルト、１１…電動モータ、１２…昇降軸、１３…スラスト軸受け、１４…上部保持手段、１５，１６…スラスト軸受け、１７…ボールネジ機構、１８，１９…プーリ、２０…ベルト、２１…電動モータ、２２，２３…第１洗浄用ノズル、２４，２５…第２洗浄用ノズル、２６，２７…乾燥用ノズル、２８，２９…シャッタ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cleaning and dehydration technique for removing a liquid component such as a cleaning liquid adhering to a pallet by the action of centrifugal force after the cleaning medium is jetted and cleaned while rotating the pallet.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when a liquid such as a cleaning liquid adhering to a pallet made of resin or the like is subjected to centrifugal dehydration, it is common to perform centrifugal dehydration in a horizontal state while being conveyed on a conveyor. By the way, inside the pallet, such as the part facing the fork insertion hole of the pallet, many ribs are provided to increase the strength, and liquid remains in the many concave portions formed by these ribs. There are circumstances that are easy. In order to escape the liquid that has accumulated in the recesses, some have been devised such as opening holes on the ribs and mounting surface, but the mounting surface of the heavy pallet has almost no holes. However, in the above-described conventional technique in which the liquid is horizontally rotated along the surface on which the article is placed, the liquid content cannot be removed cleanly. Then, what is rotated about the centrifugal dehydration of a pallet with the pallet standing upright is disclosed (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-52973). In this case, the liquid remaining in the recess can be greatly reduced. However, even in the case of this conventional technique, there remains a technical difficulty that it is difficult to remove the liquid component that has entered the recess on the rear side that cannot be extracted by rotation in one direction. This problem of residual liquid content could not be fully solved even if the rotation speed of the pallet or the like was increased or the rotation time was increased. This residual liquid causes troubles such as causing a load collapse due to sliding of a resin pallet that is loaded around the mounting surface, or it becomes difficult to deal with an article that dislikes liquid. It also became. Furthermore, the technical merit of further improving the removal rate of the residual liquid is great in shortening the time required for the drying process performed depending on the case.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been invented in view of the above-described state of the art, and is intended to link the cleaning operation of the pallet with the dehydration operation to improve the workability and to adhere to the pallet after cleaning. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pallet washing and dewatering technique capable of more effectively removing the components.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a rotating mechanism comprising a holding unit that holds a pallet around a rotation axis parallel to the surface on which the article is placed, and a rotating unit that rotates the pallet held by the holding unit. It was held and sprayed with a heated cleaning medium while rotating the pallet and cleaned, and the pallet rotation direction was switched twice or more in the normal and reverse directions to remove the adhering liquid . . According to the present invention, along with the reversal of the rotational direction of the palette, the direction of movement of the pallet with respect to the residual liquid fraction is also reversed, when a residual liquid fraction in the direction of pressing on the concave side to it, together Since the direction of separation changes, the reversal of the direction of the relative movement causes the residual liquid to detach from the recess and scatter as droplets. In addition, a heated cleaning medium is used as the cleaning medium, and the forward / reverse switching of the rotation direction of the pallet is executed twice or more, so that the liquid component adhering to the cleaned pallet can be more effectively removed. This can greatly improve the liquid removal rate.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention can be widely applied as various liquid component removal means attached to palettes. The rotary shaft as the center of rotation of the pallet is not particularly limited as long as it is set parallel to relative mounting surface of the article is not limited to the embodiments set diagonally palettes as in Examples described later it may be one which is set to the center line or the like of the palette. In addition, the installation direction of the rotating shaft may be a vertical direction, a horizontal direction, or an inclined direction. That is, even in a form palette is rotated about a vertical axis, it may be in a form which rotates about a horizontal axis or tilt axis. Also, as long as it can be dehydrated by the centrifugal force, it is needless to say that may be applied in the case of other liquids is not limited to water. For example, in the case of a resin pallet, there are various forms such as a weight of 10 to 30 kg and a thickness of 130 to 150 mm. There are two-way and four-way types for inserting the fork.
[0006]
For the palette of the holding mechanism, as long as it can stably held, constructed as holding means of the lower without lifting, for holding and removal of pallets by lifting only the upper retaining means On the contrary, the upper holding means may be lifted and lowered, and only the lower holding means may be lifted and lowered. Further, it is possible to configure both the holding means so as to be lifted and lowered together. As the lifting mechanism, the ball screw method is safe even when a heavy load is applied. It is also possible to use a drive cylinder. It is also possible to configure to perform the rotation of the lift and pallet holding means by a single electric motor. Palette of the rotary drive is configured to rotate driven by an electric motor through a holding means of the upper retaining means or lower is simple. The palette reversal method in the rotational direction of, but adoption of reversing mechanism using a transmission mechanism such as gears is possible, the form of reversing the rotation direction of the electric motor itself is simple. Incidentally, the cutting condition of water can vary depending on the condition of the subject workpiece side such degree of flaw of the insertion portion of the pallet of the mounting face and forks, using an adjustable electric motor rotational speed, optimal rotation speed If the adjustment is performed, the liquid can be removed more efficiently. Furthermore, if the brake is suddenly applied or accelerated when the forward / reverse rotation is switched, it is effective in improving the dehydrating action. Moreover, if it comprises so that a hot air may be sprayed simultaneously at the time of centrifugal dehydration, the workability regarding a drying process can be improved.
[0007]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the main part of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the embodiment viewed from above. As shown, this embodiment is seen embedded centrifugal dehydrator palette with cleaning device, it is an illustration of a case of setting the rotary shaft as the rotational axis of the pallet on the diagonal line of the pallet. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an airframe 1 composed of an outer wall for partitioning from the outside, and a corner portion of the pallet 3 is held in a fitted state via a support member 2 at an inner lower portion of the airframe 1. Lower holding means 4 is disposed. The lower holding means 4 is fixed to an upper end portion of a rotary drive shaft 7 supported so as to be rotatable only via bearings 5 and 6, and an electric motor 11 via a belt 10 stretched between pulleys 8 and 9. It is comprised so that the pallet 3 may be rotated with the drive force of. As the electric motor 11, an electric motor capable of switching between forward and reverse rotation and adjusting the rotation speed and capable of rapid acceleration is employed in the present embodiment. Further, an upper holding means 14 that is rotatably arranged via a thrust bearing 13 is installed at the lower end portion of a lifting shaft 12 that is configured to be movable up and down at the inner upper portion of the machine body 1. It is comprised so that the other upper corner | angular part may be hold | maintained. That is, the lower holding means 4 and the upper holding means 14 are configured to hold the diagonal corners of the pallet 3 and rotate the pallet 3 around the rotation axis connecting the holding means 4 and 14. Yes. A male screw is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the elevating shaft 12, and a ball screw mechanism 17 rotatably disposed between the thrust bearings 15 and 16 is engaged with the male screw. The lift shaft 12 is moved up and down through the rotation of the mechanism 17. That is, a pulley 18 is fixed to the ball screw mechanism 17 and is configured to be rotated by an electric motor 21 via a pulley 19 and a belt 20 so that the elevating shaft 12 moves up and down.
[0008]
As shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, three sets of nozzles 22 to 27 are arranged so as to surround the pallet 3 inside the machine body 1. These nozzles 22-27 are each comprised so that a jetting direction can be changed, and regarding installation height, they are installed in the appropriate height with the favorable effect on injection. Among them, the nozzles 22 and 23 are first cleaning nozzles, and spray a first cleaning medium such as a cleaning liquid to which water or a detergent is added. The nozzles 24 and 25 are second cleaning nozzles, and inject a second cleaning medium such as heated water or steam mixed with air. The nozzles 26 and 27 are drying nozzles, and inject a drying medium such as hot air or room temperature air. Thus, when the pallet 3 is carried and held between the lower holding means 4 and the upper holding means 14, the pallet 3 is first rotated from the first cleaning nozzles 22 and 23 while being rotated at a low speed by the rotary drive shaft 7. A cleaning operation using a first cleaning medium is performed by spraying a cleaning liquid to which water or a detergent is added. Thereafter , a cleaning operation using a second cleaning medium made of a heated cleaning medium such as heated water or steam mixed with air from the second cleaning nozzles 24 and 25 is performed. In the case the degree of soiling is light, it may be a washing operation only for injecting heated water from the second cleaning nozzles 24 and 25. If the degree of contamination is severe, first spray water from the first cleaning nozzles 22 and 23 to pre-wet the soil, and then spray the cleaning liquid from the first cleaning nozzles 22 and 23, Next, an operation mode in which heated water is jetted from the second cleaning nozzles 24 and 25 is also effective. In addition, the cleaning media can be variously combined. And if the above washing | cleaning operation | work is complete | finished, it will transfer to the draining operation | work which removes the liquid component adhering to the pallet 3 by centrifugal dehydration. In this draining operation, the rotary drive shaft 7 is rotated at high speed via the electric motor 11, and the rotation direction of the rotary drive shaft 7 is switched between forward and reverse at an appropriate timing. Thereby, as described above, the liquid component adhering to the pallet 3 can be more effectively removed. Further, in the draining operation, it is more efficient if a drying medium such as hot air or room temperature air is ejected from the drying nozzles 26 and 27. As shown in FIG. 2, shutters 28 and 29 for taking in and out of the pallet 3 are installed on one surface of the machine body 1 so as to be openable and closable.
[0009]
Next, the experimental results regarding the dehydration effect performed using the above centrifugal dehydrator will be described. In Experiment 1, with respect to a resin pallet after normal water washing using the centrifugal dehydrator described above, whether or not forward / reverse rotation is switched, and the number of switching times when switching alternately at 5-second intervals The change of dehydration by ss was investigated. The rotation speed of the pallet was set to 450 rpm. However, the acceleration related to the rotation speed of the pallet at the time of switching between forward and reverse rotation took about 3 seconds to reach the target of 450 rpm. Table 1 shows the results of Experiment 1 above. The number of water droplets in the table indicates the number of water droplets attached to the surface of the cardboard when the pallet after dehydration is placed on the cardboard. The number of water droplets that have turned around the surface of the pallet through holes formed on the mounting surface is also counted. As a result of Experiment 1, it was found that the dehydration effect is greatly improved by switching even once even when switching between forward and reverse rotations is not performed. It has also been found that if the number of forward / reverse rotation switching is set to 2 or more, a substantially good dehydration result without practical problems can be obtained in the state after centrifugal dehydration. In particular, when the number of forward / reverse rotation switching is set to 3 or more so that the pallet rotates twice each in the forward / reverse direction, even better dehydration results can be stably obtained. understood.
[0010]
[Table 1]

[0011]
In Experiment 2, the same equipment as in Experiment 1 was used, and the forward / reverse rotation was performed with the forward / reverse rotation switching number set to 3 so that the pallet rotates twice in the forward / reverse direction. The change of dehydration effect when the switching interval was changed was investigated. The rotation speed of the pallet was set to 450 rpm as in Experiment 1. Table 2 shows the results of Experiment 2 above. As in Experiment 1, the number of water droplets in the table is the number of water droplets attached to the surface of the cardboard when the pallet after dehydration is placed on the cardboard. From the results of Experiment 2, it was found that there is not much difference in practical use regarding dehydration even if the switching interval between forward and reverse rotations is changed. That is, it has been found that if the number of forward / reverse rotation switching is set to an appropriate number, a more efficient dewatering action can be achieved by setting the forward / reverse rotation switching interval short.
[0012]
[Table 2]

[0013]
In Experiment 3, using the same equipment as in Experiment 1, the pallet rotation was performed in a state where the number of forward / reverse rotation switching was set to 3 so that the pallet was rotated twice each in the forward / reverse direction. The change in dehydration when the speed was changed was investigated. Table 3 shows the results of Experiment 3 above. As in Experiment 1, the number of water droplets in the table is the number of water droplets attached to the surface of the cardboard when the pallet after dehydration is placed on the cardboard. Further, a circle mark in the column of drained state indicates a state in which water droplets are almost removed, and a triangle symbol indicates a state in which residual water droplets are conspicuous. From the results of this experiment 3, it was found that if the rotation speed of the pallet is set to 350 rpm or more, a good dehydrating action can be obtained from the number of water droplets remaining on the surface, as well as from the side or inner drainage state. .
[0014]
[Table 3]

[0015]
As described above, it was found from Experiments 1 to 3 that if the forward / reverse rotation is switched even once, the dehydrating action can be greatly improved as compared with the case of no switching. Further, it has been found that if the number of forward / reverse rotation switching is set to 2 times or more, almost good dehydration results without practical problems can be obtained even after centrifugal dehydration. Further, it has been found that the dehydration effect is not improved much even if the switching interval between forward and reverse rotations is set long. Therefore, if the switching interval between the forward and reverse rotations is set as short as possible within a range that does not impose excessive effort on the apparatus or the like, more efficient dewatering work can be performed. Furthermore, it has been found that if the rotational speed of the pallet is set to 350 rpm or higher, a good dehydrating action can be obtained.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention , the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In this invention, since it comprised so that a washing | cleaning operation | work and a dehydration operation | work may be performed without changing a pallet within the same apparatus, workability | operativity is improved by those series of operations.
(2) In addition, the cleaning medium is sprayed and cleaned while rotating the pallet, and the adhering liquid is removed by switching the rotation direction of the pallet between the forward and reverse directions while maintaining the holding state. Since the dehydration can be performed immediately while the temperature of the pallet is high, the drying of the liquid is promoted, more effective dehydration is possible, and the liquid removal rate can be improved.
(3) Moreover, since the forward / reverse switching of the rotation direction of the pallet is set to two times or more, as shown in the experimental result, the liquid component that has entered the recess can be effectively removed, and the above (2 In combination with the above effect, a good liquid removal state that is practically inferior can be realized more stably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the embodiment as viewed from above.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Airframe, 2 ... Support member, 3 ... Pallet, 4 ... Lower holding means, 5, 6 ... Bearing, 7 ... Rotary drive shaft, 8, 9 ... Pulley, 10 ... Belt, 11 ... Electric motor, 12 ... Lifting shaft , 13 ... Thrust bearing, 14 ... Upper holding means, 15, 16 ... Thrust bearing, 17 ... Ball screw mechanism, 18, 19 ... Pulley, 20 ... Belt, 21 ... Electric motor, 22, 23 ... First cleaning nozzle, 24 25 ... second cleaning nozzle, 26,27 ... drying nozzle, 28,29 ... shutter

Claims (2)

In the cleaning and dehydrating method of the pallet to be dehydrated after spraying and cleaning the cleaning medium while rotating the pallet , the pallet is held by a rotating mechanism that rotates around a rotation axis parallel to the article mounting surface, on washing by spraying heated washing medium while rotating the pallet, cleaning of the pallet, characterized in that the removal of the liquid component adhering to the rotating direction of the palette remains in its holding state forward and reverse two or more switched Dehydration method. In a pallet washing / dehydrating apparatus for washing and dewatering while rotating a pallet , a holding means for holding the pallet around a rotation axis parallel to a surface for placing an article, and a pallet held by the holding means are rotated. A rotating means and a nozzle for injecting the heated cleaning medium to the pallet held by the holding means are provided, and the heated cleaning medium is injected from the nozzle while rotating the pallet held by the holding means by the rotating means. The pallet washing and dewatering apparatus is configured to remove the adhering liquid component by switching the pallet rotation direction two or more times in the forward and reverse directions by the rotating means while being held and cleaned .

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