JP4379645B2 - Lighting adjustment tool sheet and lighting adjustment tool using the sheet - Google Patents

Lighting adjustment tool sheet and lighting adjustment tool using the sheet Download PDF

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JP4379645B2
JP4379645B2 JP08405099A JP8405099A JP4379645B2 JP 4379645 B2 JP4379645 B2 JP 4379645B2 JP 08405099 A JP08405099 A JP 08405099A JP 8405099 A JP8405099 A JP 8405099A JP 4379645 B2 JP4379645 B2 JP 4379645B2
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sheet
carbonate
inorganic compound
adjustment tool
water
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JP2000276923A (en
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芳廣 斎藤
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Hokuetsu Kishu Paper Co Ltd
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Hokuetsu Kishu Paper Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は照明調整具用シート及びそのシートを用いた照明調整具に関し、さらに詳しくは、照明枠用シート及びそのシートを用いた照明枠として使用したり、あるいは不要な箇所は光を遮蔽し必要箇所のみ光を当てることの出来る照明調整枠体等の照明調整具として使用することが出来る枠体であって、高度な難燃性を有し、かつ照明光による輻射熱に対する耐熱性にも優れた照明調整具用シート及びそのシートの打抜成形体から成る照明調整具に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
写真撮影現場、スタジオあるいは舞台等でスポットライト等の照明を使う際、従来より、照明具に照明枠を装着して、無用な光の拡散を防止し、所望の方向に照明光を効率よく照射するということが行われている。係る照明枠としては一般に厚紙を打抜成形したものが使われている。また、写真撮影、スタジオあるいは舞台等で使用される照明装置はできるだけ目立たないほうがよいため、照明枠は通常黒色に着色されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかるに、厚紙製の照明枠は、その素材である厚紙が可燃体である上に、黒色に着色されているため、スポットライトなどの照明から照射される照明光の輻射熱を吸収しやすく、発煙したり、着炎して火災の原因となる危険性が高い。
【0004】
厚紙製の照明枠の着炎の危険を防止するためには、該厚紙にスルファミン酸グアニジン等のセルロース繊維の炭化促進作用を有する難燃剤を含有せしめて難燃性を賦与するのが一般的方法である。しかし、実際に厚紙に係る難燃剤を含有せしめて難燃化を図ってみたところ、照明枠の着炎という事態を防止することはできるが、照明枠としての通常の使用時においても、含有せしめられた難燃剤が、照明からの輻射熱を受けて分解し、発煙を生じるとともに、セルロース繊維の炭化促進作用を発現し、紙質が劣化して照明枠として必要な強度を維持できなくなること。すなわち、難燃剤を含有しない場合よりも、発煙及び紙質劣化を生じやすいという難点を呈することになり実用には供し得ないことが判明した。
【0005】
従って、難燃性を有し、かつ照明による輻射熱に対する耐熱性にも優れた照明枠の開発が急務となった。
本発明は、上記の課題を解決するためになされたもので、高度な難燃性を有し、かつ照明による輻射熱に対する耐熱性にも優れた照明枠等の照明調整具用シート及び照明調整具を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の照明調整具用シートは、 含水無機化合物と炭酸塩を固形分で45〜65重量%と、セルロース繊維を固形分で30〜50重量%含有し、かつ含水無機化合物/炭酸塩が固形分重量比で100/0を含み、60/40より含水無機化合物過多側であり、セルロースの炭化促進作用を有する難燃剤を含有せず、JIS Z8730のL 表色によるシート表面の明度指数L45以下である抄紙シートである。
【0007】
また、本発明の照明調整具は、含水無機化合物と炭酸塩を固形分で45〜65重量%と、セルロース繊維を固形分で30〜50重量%含有し、かつ含水無機化合物/炭酸塩が固形分重量比で100/0を含み、60/40より含水無機化合物過多側であり、セルロースの炭化促進作用を有する難燃剤を含有せず、JISZ8730のL表色によるシート表面の明度指数L45以下である抄紙シートからなる照明調整具用シートの打抜成形体である。
【0008】
上記した含水無機化合物としては、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化カルシウム、二水和石こう及びアルミン酸化カルシウム等を挙げることができる。これらの化合物は何れも分子内に結晶水をもち、化学的に類似した構造を有する。また、含水無機化合物は、その種類によって分解温度及び吸熱量に幾分差があるが、高温加熱時に分解して吸熱作用により不燃化効果を示すという点では全く共通している。
【0009】
従って、基本的に前記した含水無機化合物のいずれを用いてもよいが入手価格等の経済性を考慮すると水酸化アルミニウムが最適である。
本発明で使用する炭酸塩としては、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸バリウム、炭酸ストロンチウム、炭酸ベリリウム、炭酸亜鉛などの中から少なくとも1種類を選択して使用する。これらの炭酸塩はその種類により分解温度等に幾分差があるが、高温加熱時に分解して吸熱作用により難燃化効果を示すという点では全く共通している。
従って、基本的に前記した炭酸塩のいずれを用いてもよいが、価格の面から炭酸カルシウムが最適である。
なお、炭酸塩配合によるもう1つの重要な効果として本発明者が特開平5−112659号公報で指摘したところの発煙量低減効果を挙げることができる。
【0010】
本発明にかかるシート中の含水無機化合物あるいは含水無機化合物と炭酸塩の合計の含有率範囲は固形分で40〜70%重量%、好ましくは45〜65重量%である。その含有率が40重量%未満では、十分な難燃性及び耐熱性が得られない。反対に、70重量%を超えた場合は、含水無機化合物あるいは含水無機化合物と炭酸塩の合計量の過多により、十分な打抜き成形性及び機械的強度等を得ることができず不適である。シート中の含水無機化合物あるいは含水無機化合物と炭酸塩の合計の含有率範囲を固形分で45〜65重量%の範囲とすることで、より十分な難燃性、耐熱性と打抜き成形性及び機械的強度を確保しやすくなる。
【0011】
また、含水無機化合物/炭酸塩の含有固形分重量比は100/0を含み60/40好ましくは70/30よりも含水無機化合物過多側としなければならない。60/40よりも含水無機化合物過少側とした場合、難燃性及び耐熱性が低下することがあり不適である。なお、含水無機化合物/炭酸塩の含有固形分重量比を70/30よりも含水無機化合物過多側とすることで、より十分な難燃性及び耐熱性を確保しやすくなる。
【0012】
上記したセルロース繊維としては、針葉樹系あるいは広葉樹系の化学パルプ、機械パルプ、セミケミカルパルプ等の木材パルプあるいは木綿パルプ、麻パルプ各種古紙などの中から選ばれる1種類あるいは2種類以上を使用すればよい。木材パルプは供給量および品質が安定しており価格も比較的安価であることから最も使いやすいセルロース繊維原料である。木綿パルプ及び麻パルプは供給量が不安定で価格も高価であるが、本発明におけるような含水無機化合物あるいは含水無機化合物と炭酸塩を多量に含有する抄紙シートにおいては必要に応じて該木綿パルプあるいは麻パルプを使用することにより抄紙シートの打抜き成形性及び機械的強度等の低下を最小限にとどめることができる。
【0013】
本発明に係るシート中のセルロース繊維の含有率範囲は、固形分で25〜60重量%、好ましくは30〜50重量%である。その含有率が25重量%未満では、十分な打抜き成形性及び機械的強度等を得ることができず、反対に60重量%を超えた場合は、有機物質の過多により十分な難燃性及び耐熱性を得ることができない。シート中のセルロース繊維の含有率を固形分で30〜50重量%の範囲とすることで、より十分な難燃性、耐熱性と打抜き成形性及び機械的強度を確保しやすくなる。
【0014】
本発明に係るシートのJIS Z8730のL表色によるシート表面の明度指数Lは50以下、好ましくは45以下である。Lが50を超えた場合、照明光の反射拡散を生じやすくなり、また、係るシートからなる照明調整具及び照明装置は目視され易く目立つことになり、好ましくない。シート表面の明度指数Lを45以下とすることで、さらに照明光の反射拡散を防止しやすくなり、また、目視されにくく目立ちにくいという特性を確保しやすくなる。
【0015】
本発明に係るシート中には、スルファミン酸グアニジンやリン酸グアニジン等のセルロースの炭化促進作用を有する難燃剤を含有してはならない。セルロースの炭化促進作用を有する難燃剤を含有している場合、該難燃剤の難燃化効果により、照明調整具の着炎という事態を防止することはできるが、照明調整具としての通常の使用時においても、該難燃剤が照明からの輻射熱を受けて分解し、発煙を生じるとともに、セルロース繊維の炭化促進作用を発現し、紙質が劣化して照明調整具として必要な強度を維持できない。すなわち、該難燃剤を含有している場合、該難燃剤を含有しない場合よりも、発煙及び紙質の劣化を生じやすいという難点を呈することになる。
【0016】
本発明に係るシートの厚さは、0.3〜3.0mm、好ましくは0.5〜2.5mmの範囲である。その厚さが0.3mm未満では、照明調整具として十分な機械的強度を得ることができない。また、厚さが3mmを超えた場合は、打抜き成形を施しにくくなり好ましくない。
なお、シートの厚さを0.5〜2.5mmの範囲とすることで、より十分な打抜き成形性と機械的強度を確保しやすくなる。
【0017】
本発明の照明調整具用シートの製造方法としては、湿式抄紙法が好適である。以下において、製造方法にも言及しながらさらに詳述する。
すなわち、本発明の照明調整具用シートを製造するには、セルロース繊維と含水無機化合物あるいはセルロース繊維と含水無機化合物と炭酸塩の所定量を含有する原料スラリーを調成し、通常の抄紙法により抄紙すればよい。この場合、必要に応じて、セルロース繊維に叩解処理等を施してもよい。
【0018】
抄紙については通常の長網、円網あるいは傾斜網等の抄紙網上に原料スラリーを供給し、濾過、脱水した後圧搾、乾燥すればよい。また、必要に応じて、各種コンビネーション網や多層円網あるいは各種ラミネーターなどにより紙層を2層以上かさね合わせてもよい。
【0019】
本発明の照明調整具用シートは、その表面の明度指数Lを50以下とするために、着色しなけらばならない。着色に際しては、カーボンもしくはグラファイト等の黒色系の顔料あるいは黒色系の染料等を原料スラリー中に内添するか、紙層を形成せしめてから含浸もしくは塗布するなどすればよい。さらに、本発明の照明調整具用シートには、必要に応じて、ガラス繊維、ロックウール繊維、セラミック繊維などの無機繊維、ナイロン繊維、ポリエステル繊維、ポリオレフィン繊維などの各種合成繊維あるいは乾燥または湿潤紙力増強剤、サイズ剤、耐水化剤等を含有せしめてもよい。そして、本発明の照明調整具用シートに従来慣用の打抜き成形を施すことにより簡単に照明調整具を製造することができる。
【0020】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例に基づいて、さらに、具体的に説明する。本実施例中、各項目の測定には次の方法によった。
(1)シートの米坪: JIS P−8124による。
(2)シートの厚さ: JIS P−8118による。
(3)シートの密度: JIS P−8118による。
(4)シートの引張強度: JIS P−8113による。
(5)シートの明度指数: JIS Z−8730による。
(6)シートの難燃性:
UL−94規格の垂直燃焼試験に準じて試料に10秒間接炎した際の燃焼状態により、
◎: 着炎しない。
○: 着炎するがクランプ炎上に至らずに自己消火する。
×: 着炎し、自己消火せずクランプ炎上に至る。
で評価した。
【0021】
(7)シートの難燃性2: 図1のように写真撮影用の500Wのスポットライト2を点灯せしめ、該スポットライト2から約5cmの距離のところに6cm角の試験片であるシート1を垂直に設置し、該スポットライト2の光線を該試験片であるシート1に照射する。30秒間照射したところで、図2のように約20mm長に調整したライター4の火炎を試験片であるシート1に5秒間接炎する。なおこの間もスポットライト2の光線3の照射は継続する。この際の試験片であるシート1の燃焼状態により
◎: 着炎しない。
○: 着炎するが全焼に至らずに自己消火する。
×: 着炎し、自己消火せず全焼に至る。
で評価した。
【0022】
(8)耐熱性: 図1に示すように写真撮影用の500Wのスポットライト2を点灯せしめ、該スポットライトから約5cmの距離のところに6cm角の試験片を垂直に設置し、該スポットライト2の光線を該試験片であるシート1に60秒間照射し、この間の試験片であるシート1からの発煙量及び試験終了後の試験片であるシート1の劣化状態を目視観察し、
◎: ほとんど発煙せず、劣化はほとんど認められない。
○: わずかに発煙は認めれるが、劣化はほとんど認められない。
△: かなり発煙があり、劣化も認められる。
×: 多量の発煙があり、劣化もかなり認められる。
××: さらに多量の発煙があり、劣化も著しく認められる。
で評価した。
【0023】
(9)シートの打抜き成形性
図3の形状の打抜き成形体5の打抜き成形試験を行い、
◎: 紙粉の発生がほとんどない。
○: 紙粉の発生は少量である。
×: 紙粉の発生がかなり多い。
で評価した。
【0024】
実施例1
新聞古紙とクラフト古紙を離解機にて混合離解して得た重量比で新聞古紙:クラフト古紙=50:50のセルロース繊維分散液に、水酸化アルミニウム粉体(平均粒子径5.7μmである。以下同じ。)、炭酸カルシウム粉体(平均粒径1.5μmである。以下同じ。)、液状カーボン及びアクリルアマイド系紙力増強剤を添加し、十分に分散混合後、角型テスト抄紙機にて抄紙し、圧搾、乾燥してシートAを得た。
シートAについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成形性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。
【0025】
実施例2
実施例1において、各成分の配合量を変化させた以外は実施例1と同様にしてシートBを得た。
このシートBについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成型性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。
【0026】
実施例3
実施例1において、各成分の配合量を変化させた以外は実施例1と同様にしてシートCを得た。
このシートCについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成型性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。
【0027】
実施例4
実施例1において、水酸化アルミニウム粉体に代えて水酸化マグネシウム粉体(平均粒径10μmである。以下同じ。)を用い、炭酸カルシウム粉体を配合しない以外は、実施例1と同様にしてシートDを得た。
シートDについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成型性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。
【0028】
比較例1
実施例1において、水酸化アルミニウム粉体及び炭酸カルシウム粉体を配合しない以外は実施例1と同様にしてシートEを得た。
シートEについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成型性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。
【0029】
比較例2
比較例1において、液状カーボンを配合しない以外は比較例1と同様にしてシートFを得た。
シートFについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成型性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。
【0030】
比較例3
実施例1において、各成分の配合量を変化させた以外は実施例1と同様にしてシートGを得た。
シートGについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成型性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。
【0031】
比較例4
実施例1において、各成分の配合量を変化させた以外は実施例1と同様にしてシートHを得た。
シートHについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成型性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。
【0032】
比較例5
新聞古紙とクラフト古紙を離解機にて混合離解して得た重量比で新聞古紙:クラフト古紙=50:50のセルロース繊維分散液に、液状カーボン及びアクリルアマイド系紙力増強剤を添加し、十分に分散混合後、角型テスト抄紙機にて抄紙し、圧搾、乾燥して得たシートに、スルファミン酸グアニジン系難燃剤液を含浸した後乾燥せしめて、シートIを得た。
シートIについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成型性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。
【0033】
実施例5
新聞古紙とクラフト古紙をパルパーにて混合離解して得た重量比で新聞古紙:クラフト古紙=50:50のセルロース繊維分散原料に、水酸化アルミニウム粉体、炭酸カルシウム粉体、液状カーボン及びアクリルアマイド系紙力増強剤を添加し、十分に分散混合後、長網抄紙網上に供給し紙層成形せしめ、ワインドアップロールにて所定厚さになるまで巻き付けた後、切断し、圧搾、乾燥、キャレンダー掛け処理しシートJを得た。
シートJについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成型性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。なお、引張強度については、繊維配合方向及びこれと直交する方向について測定し両者の平均を求めた。
【0034】
実施例6
実施例5において、各成分の配合量を変化させた以外は実施例5と同様にしてシートKを得た。
シートKについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成型性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。なお、引張強度については、繊維配合方向及びこれと直交する方向について測定し両者の平均を求めた。
【0035】
比較例6
実施例5において、水酸化アルミニウム粉体及び炭酸カルシウム粉体を配合しない以外は実施例5と同様にしてシートLを得た。
シートLについて、各成分の含有率を表1に示すとともに、米坪、厚さ、密度、引張強度、明度指数L、難燃性1、難燃性2、耐熱性及び打抜き成型性をそれぞれ測定し、その結果を表1に併せて示した。なお、引張強度については、繊維配合方向及びこれと直交する方向について測定し両者の平均を求めた。
(以下余白)
【0036】
【表1】

Figure 0004379645
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明の照明調整具用シートは、実施例1〜6、比較例1〜6及び表1から分かるように、黒色を呈し、無用な光の拡散を防止し、視覚的にも目立たないという照明枠あるいは必要箇所のみ光を当てることの出来る照明枠体等の照明調整具として使う際の基本要件を具備した上で、高度な難燃性を有し、かつ、黒色であるにもかかわらず照明による輻射熱に対しても優れた耐熱性を発揮する。
【0038】
すなわち、従来より照明枠として使用されている厚紙に難燃性を賦与する一般的方法であるスルファミン酸グアニジンやリン酸グアニジン等のセルロース繊維の炭化促進作用を有する難燃剤を配合した場合にあっては、比較例等からわかるように、難燃性は得られるものの、光照射時の耐熱性においては、黒色であるために照射光の輻射熱を吸収しやすいという点と、セルロース繊維の炭化促進作用を有する難燃剤が熱で分解しやすいという点とが相俟って悪循環を来たしてしまい、実際には難燃剤を配合していない場合(比較例1)よりも、光照射時の耐熱性が悪化する結果となる。
【0039】
これに対して、本発明はセルロース繊維の炭化促進作用を有する難燃剤を配合せずに含水無機化合物あるいは含水無機化合物と炭酸塩の所定量を配合せしめることにより、高度な難燃性を有するとともに、光照射時の耐熱性においても、黒色であることによる照射光の輻射熱による紙質の劣化を防止し、従来の難燃処理を施していない厚紙に比べても格段に優れた光照射時の耐熱性を確保することができる。
【0040】
また、本発明の照明調整具用シートは打抜き成形性も良好であるため、従来の難燃処理の施されていない厚紙の場合と同様に打抜き成形することにより、簡単に照明枠あるいは必要箇所のみ光を当てることの出来る照明調整枠体等の照明調整具を製造することができる。
【0041】
そして、本発明の照明調整具用シートを用いて打抜き成形して得た照明枠あるいは必要箇所のみ光を当てることの出来る照明調整枠体等の照明調整具を使用すれば、スポットライト等からの照射光を受け加熱された状態で何らかの火種を与えられても着炎することがなく、きわめて安全である。また、長時間に亘って照射光の輻射熱を受けても、照明枠が劣化したり、発煙したりする心配もなく安心して使用できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】難燃性2あるいは耐熱性の測定状況を示す説明図である。
【図2】難燃性2の測定における接炎状況を示す説明図である。
【図3】打抜き成形試験の打抜き形状を示す平面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 シート
2 スポットライト
3 光線
4 ライター
5 打抜き成形体[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lighting adjustment tool sheet and a lighting adjustment tool using the sheet, and more particularly, to use as a lighting frame sheet and a lighting frame using the sheet, or to shield unnecessary portions from light. It is a frame that can be used as an illumination adjustment tool such as an illumination adjustment frame that can shine light only at a location, has high flame retardancy, and has excellent heat resistance against radiant heat from illumination light The present invention relates to an illumination adjuster comprising a sheet for illumination adjuster and a punched molded body of the sheet.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When using lighting such as spotlights at a photo shoot site, studio, or stage, a lighting frame has been attached to the illuminator to prevent unnecessary light diffusion and irradiate illumination light efficiently in the desired direction. It is done. As such an illumination frame, a cardboard stamped and formed is generally used. In addition, since the illumination device used in photography, studio, stage, etc. should be as inconspicuous as possible, the illumination frame is usually colored black.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the lighting frame made of cardboard is made of combustible cardboard and is colored black, so it easily absorbs the radiant heat of illumination light emitted from lighting such as spotlights and emits smoke. There is a high risk of fire or fire.
[0004]
In order to prevent the risk of flaming the lighting frame made of cardboard, it is a common method to impart flame retardancy by adding a flame retardant having a carbon fiber promoting action such as guanidine sulfamate to the cardboard. It is. However, when a flame retardant related to cardboard was actually added to make it flame retardant, it was possible to prevent the lighting frame from flaming, but even during normal use as a lighting frame. The flame retardant produced is decomposed by receiving radiant heat from lighting and produces smoke, and also promotes the carbonization promotion effect of cellulose fibers, and the quality of paper cannot be maintained due to deterioration of paper quality. That is, it has been found that it is more difficult to produce a smoke and a paper quality than when no flame retardant is contained, and cannot be put to practical use.
[0005]
Accordingly, there is an urgent need to develop an illumination frame that has flame retardancy and is excellent in heat resistance against radiant heat from illumination.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has a highly flame-retardant property and a lighting adjuster sheet and a lighting adjuster such as an illumination frame that have excellent heat resistance against radiant heat due to illumination. Is intended to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The sheet for lighting adjustment tool of the present invention contains a water-containing inorganic compound and carbonate in a solid content of 45 to 65 % by weight, a cellulose fiber in a solid content of 30 to 50 % by weight, and the water-containing inorganic compound / carbonate is solid. It contains 100/0 in a weight ratio, is more water-containing inorganic compound than 60/40, does not contain a flame retardant having an effect of promoting carbonization of cellulose, L * a * of JIS Z8730 b * A papermaking sheet having a lightness index L * of the sheet surface of 45 or less according to the color system .
[0007]
Moreover, the lighting adjustment tool of the present invention contains a water-containing inorganic compound and carbonate in a solid content of 45 to 65 % by weight, a cellulose fiber in a solid content of 30 to 50 % by weight, and the water-containing inorganic compound / carbonate is solid. The surface of the sheet according to L * a * b * color system of JISZ8730, which contains 100/0 in weight ratio, is more water-containing inorganic compound than 60/40, does not contain a flame retardant that promotes carbonization of cellulose. Is a punching-molded body of a sheet for lighting adjuster comprising a papermaking sheet having a lightness index L * of 45 or less.
[0008]
Examples of the above-mentioned water-containing inorganic compound include aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, dihydrate gypsum and calcium aluminate. These compounds all have crystal water in the molecule and have a chemically similar structure. In addition, the hydrous inorganic compounds have some differences in decomposition temperature and endothermic amount depending on the type, but they are quite common in that they decompose upon high temperature heating and exhibit an incombustible effect due to endothermic action.
[0009]
Therefore, basically, any of the above-mentioned water-containing inorganic compounds may be used, but aluminum hydroxide is optimal in view of economics such as an acquisition price.
As the carbonate used in the present invention, at least one selected from calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, strontium carbonate, beryllium carbonate, zinc carbonate and the like is used. These carbonates have some differences in decomposition temperature and the like depending on their types, but they are quite common in that they decompose upon high temperature heating and exhibit a flame retardant effect by endothermic action.
Therefore, basically, any of the carbonates described above may be used, but calcium carbonate is optimal from the viewpoint of cost.
In addition, the smoke generation amount reducing effect pointed out by the present inventor in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-112659 can be given as another important effect obtained by blending carbonate.
[0010]
The total content range of the water-containing inorganic compound or the water-containing inorganic compound and the carbonate in the sheet according to the present invention is 40 to 70% by weight, preferably 45 to 65% by weight in terms of solid content. If the content is less than 40% by weight, sufficient flame retardancy and heat resistance cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when it exceeds 70% by weight, it is unsuitable because sufficient stamping moldability and mechanical strength cannot be obtained due to the excessive amount of the water-containing inorganic compound or the water-containing inorganic compound and the carbonate. More sufficient flame retardancy, heat resistance, punching moldability and machine by setting the total content range of the water-containing inorganic compound or water-containing inorganic compound and carbonate in the sheet to a range of 45 to 65% by weight in solid content It is easy to secure the appropriate strength.
[0011]
The weight ratio of the solid content of the water-containing inorganic compound / carbonate must be 100/0, preferably 60/40, more preferably 70/30. When the water-containing inorganic compound is less than 60/40, the flame retardancy and heat resistance may be lowered, which is not suitable. In addition, it becomes easy to ensure more sufficient flame retardance and heat resistance by making content solid content weight ratio of a water-containing inorganic compound / carbonate into the water-containing inorganic compound excess side rather than 70/30.
[0012]
As the above-mentioned cellulose fiber, if one kind or two or more kinds selected from wood pulp, cotton pulp, hemp pulp, various kinds of used paper such as softwood or hardwood chemical pulp, mechanical pulp, semi-chemical pulp, etc. are used. Good. Wood pulp is the most easy-to-use cellulose fiber material because of its stable supply and quality and relatively low price. Cotton pulp and hemp pulp are unstable in supply and expensive in price. However, in the papermaking sheet containing a large amount of the water-containing inorganic compound or water-containing inorganic compound and carbonate as in the present invention, the cotton pulp and hemp pulp may be used as necessary. Alternatively, by using hemp pulp, it is possible to minimize a decrease in punching formability and mechanical strength of the papermaking sheet.
[0013]
The content range of the cellulose fiber in the sheet | seat which concerns on this invention is 25 to 60 weight% in solid content, Preferably it is 30 to 50 weight%. When the content is less than 25% by weight, sufficient punching moldability and mechanical strength cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when it exceeds 60% by weight, sufficient flame retardancy and heat resistance are caused by excessive organic substances. I can't get sex. By making the content rate of the cellulose fiber in a sheet | seat into the range of 30 to 50 weight% by solid content, it becomes easy to ensure more sufficient flame retardance, heat resistance, stamping moldability, and mechanical strength.
[0014]
The lightness index L * of the sheet surface according to L * a * b * color system of JIS Z8730 of the sheet according to the present invention is 50 or less, preferably 45 or less. When L * exceeds 50, the illumination light is likely to be reflected and diffused, and the illumination adjustment tool and the illumination device made of such a sheet are easy to see and stand out, which is not preferable. By setting the lightness index L * of the sheet surface to 45 or less, it becomes easier to prevent reflection and diffusion of illumination light, and it becomes easy to ensure the characteristic that it is difficult to see and stand out.
[0015]
The sheet according to the present invention should not contain a flame retardant having an effect of promoting carbonization of cellulose such as guanidine sulfamate and guanidine phosphate. When it contains a flame retardant having an action of promoting carbonization of cellulose, the flame retardant effect of the flame retardant can prevent the situation of the lighting adjustment tool from flaming, but it is usually used as a lighting adjustment tool. Even at this time, the flame retardant decomposes upon receiving radiant heat from the lighting, generates smoke, develops the carbonization promoting action of cellulose fibers, deteriorates the paper quality, and cannot maintain the strength required as a lighting adjustment tool. That is, when the flame retardant is contained, smoke and deterioration of paper quality are more likely to occur than when the flame retardant is not contained.
[0016]
The thickness of the sheet according to the present invention is in the range of 0.3 to 3.0 mm, preferably 0.5 to 2.5 mm. If the thickness is less than 0.3 mm, sufficient mechanical strength cannot be obtained as a lighting adjustment tool. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 3 mm, it is difficult to perform punching molding, which is not preferable.
In addition, it becomes easy to ensure more sufficient punching moldability and mechanical strength by making the thickness of a sheet into the range of 0.5-2.5 mm.
[0017]
As a method for producing the sheet for lighting adjustment tool of the present invention, a wet papermaking method is suitable. Further details will be described below with reference to the production method.
That is, in order to produce the lighting adjuster sheet of the present invention, a raw material slurry containing a predetermined amount of cellulose fiber and water-containing inorganic compound or cellulose fiber, water-containing inorganic compound and carbonate is prepared, and a normal papermaking method is used. You can make paper. In this case, you may perform a beating process etc. to a cellulose fiber as needed.
[0018]
For papermaking, the raw material slurry may be supplied onto a normal papermaking net such as a long net, circular net or inclined net, filtered and dehydrated, and then compressed and dried. Further, if necessary, two or more paper layers may be overlapped by various combination nets, multi-layered circular nets, or various laminators.
[0019]
The sheet for lighting adjustment tool of the present invention must be colored so that the lightness index L * of the surface thereof is 50 or less. For coloring, a black pigment such as carbon or graphite or a black dye may be internally added to the raw slurry, or impregnated or coated after forming a paper layer. Furthermore, in the sheet for lighting adjustment tool of the present invention, various synthetic fibers such as glass fiber, rock wool fiber, ceramic fiber, etc., nylon fiber, polyester fiber, polyolefin fiber, etc., or dry or wet paper as necessary. A force enhancer, a sizing agent, a waterproofing agent and the like may be included. And an illumination adjustment tool can be easily manufactured by giving the conventional punching molding to the sheet | seat for illumination adjustment tools of this invention.
[0020]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described more specifically based on examples. In this example, each item was measured by the following method.
(1) Rice tsubo of sheet: According to JIS P-8124.
(2) Sheet thickness: According to JIS P-8118.
(3) Density of sheet: According to JIS P-8118.
(4) Tensile strength of sheet: According to JIS P-8113.
(5) Lightness index of sheet: According to JIS Z-8730.
(6) Flame retardancy of the sheet:
According to the combustion state when indirect flame is applied to the sample for 10 seconds according to the vertical combustion test of UL-94 standard,
A: Not flaming.
○: Fires, but self-extinguishes without reaching the clamp flame.
X: The flame is ignited and does not self-extinguish but reaches the clamp flame.
It was evaluated with.
[0021]
(7) Flame retardance 2 of sheet: As shown in FIG. 1, a 500 W spotlight 2 for photography is turned on, and a sheet 1 which is a 6 cm square test piece is placed at a distance of about 5 cm from the spotlight 2. The sheet 1 that is the test piece is irradiated with the light beam of the spotlight 2 installed vertically. When irradiated for 30 seconds, the flame of the lighter 4 adjusted to about 20 mm length as shown in FIG. During this time, the irradiation of the light beam 3 of the spotlight 2 continues. Depending on the combustion state of the sheet 1 as a test piece at this time, A: No flame.
○: Flames but self-extinguishes without burning.
X: The flame is ignited, and self-extinguishing does not occur, leading to complete burning.
It was evaluated with.
[0022]
(8) Heat resistance: As shown in FIG. 1, a 500 W spotlight 2 for photography was turned on, and a 6 cm square test piece was vertically installed at a distance of about 5 cm from the spotlight. The sheet 1 which is the test piece is irradiated for 60 seconds with the light of 2 and the amount of smoke emitted from the sheet 1 which is the test piece during this period and the deterioration state of the sheet 1 which is the test piece after the test are visually observed.
A: Almost no smoke is generated, and almost no deterioration is observed.
○: Smoke is slightly observed, but almost no deterioration is observed.
Δ: There is considerable fuming and deterioration is recognized.
X: There is a large amount of smoke, and considerable deterioration is observed.
XX: Further, there is a large amount of smoke, and deterioration is remarkably observed.
It was evaluated with.
[0023]
(9) Punching formability of the sheet A punching molding test of the punched molded body 5 having the shape shown in FIG.
A: Almost no paper dust is generated.
○: A small amount of paper dust is generated.
×: Paper dust is considerably generated.
It was evaluated with.
[0024]
Example 1
In a weight ratio obtained by mixing and disintegrating waste newspaper and kraft waste paper with a disaggregator, a cellulose fiber dispersion of newspaper waste paper: craft waste paper = 50: 50 is aluminum hydroxide powder (average particle size is 5.7 μm). The same shall apply hereinafter), calcium carbonate powder (average particle size of 1.5 μm, the same shall apply hereinafter), liquid carbon and an acrylamide paper strength enhancer, and after sufficient dispersion mixing, And sheet A was obtained by pressing and drying.
For sheet A, the content of each component is shown in Table 1, and the weight per square meter, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardancy 2, heat resistance and punching moldability are shown respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0025]
Example 2
In Example 1, Sheet B was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of each component was changed.
About this sheet B, while showing the content rate of each component in Table 1, the rice tsubo, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardance 2, heat resistance and punching moldability Each was measured, and the results are also shown in Table 1.
[0026]
Example 3
In Example 1, Sheet C was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of each component was changed.
About this sheet C, while showing the content rate of each component in Table 1, the rice tsubo, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardance 2, heat resistance and punching moldability Each was measured, and the results are also shown in Table 1.
[0027]
Example 4
In Example 1, instead of aluminum hydroxide powder, magnesium hydroxide powder (average particle size is 10 μm; the same applies hereinafter) is used, and the same procedure as in Example 1 is performed except that calcium carbonate powder is not blended. Sheet D was obtained.
For sheet D, the content of each component is shown in Table 1, and the weight per square meter, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardancy 2, heat resistance and punching moldability are shown respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0028]
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1, Sheet E was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the aluminum hydroxide powder and the calcium carbonate powder were not blended.
For sheet E, the content of each component is shown in Table 1, and the weight, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardancy 2, heat resistance and punching moldability are shown respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0029]
Comparative Example 2
In Comparative Example 1, Sheet F was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that liquid carbon was not blended.
For sheet F, the content of each component is shown in Table 1, and the weight per square meter, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardancy 2, heat resistance and punching moldability are shown respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0030]
Comparative Example 3
In Example 1, a sheet G was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of each component was changed.
Regarding the sheet G, the content of each component is shown in Table 1, and the weight, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardancy 2, heat resistance and punching moldability are shown respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0031]
Comparative Example 4
In Example 1, Sheet H was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of each component was changed.
For sheet H, the content of each component is shown in Table 1, and the weight per square meter, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardancy 2, heat resistance and punching moldability are shown respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0032]
Comparative Example 5
Liquid carbon and acrylic amide paper strength enhancer are added to the cellulose fiber dispersion of newspaper waste paper: craft waste paper = 50: 50 at a weight ratio obtained by mixing and disaggregating waste newspaper and kraft waste paper with a disintegrator. After the sheet was dispersed and mixed, the sheet obtained by the square test paper machine was pressed, dried and impregnated with a guanidine sulfamate flame retardant solution and dried to obtain a sheet I.
Regarding the sheet I, the content of each component is shown in Table 1, and the weight, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardancy 2, heat resistance and punching moldability are shown respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0033]
Example 5
Paper waste paper: Kraft waste paper = 50:50 cellulose fiber-dispersed raw material in a weight ratio obtained by mixing and separating waste newspaper and kraft waste paper with a pulper, aluminum hydroxide powder, calcium carbonate powder, liquid carbon and acrylic amide After adding a paper strength enhancer, sufficiently dispersing and mixing, supplying it onto a long papermaking net, forming a paper layer, winding it to a predetermined thickness with a windup roll, cutting, pressing, drying, The sheet J was obtained by calendaring.
For sheet J, the content of each component is shown in Table 1, and the weight per square meter, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardancy 2, heat resistance and punching moldability are shown respectively. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, about tensile strength, it measured about the fiber compounding direction and the direction orthogonal to this, and calculated | required the average of both.
[0034]
Example 6
In Example 5, a sheet K was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the amount of each component was changed.
Regarding the sheet K, the content of each component is shown in Table 1, and the weight, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardancy 2, heat resistance and punching moldability are shown respectively. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, about tensile strength, it measured about the fiber compounding direction and the direction orthogonal to this, and calculated | required the average of both.
[0035]
Comparative Example 6
In Example 5, a sheet L was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the aluminum hydroxide powder and the calcium carbonate powder were not blended.
Regarding the sheet L, the content of each component is shown in Table 1, and the weight per square meter, thickness, density, tensile strength, lightness index L * , flame retardance 1, flame retardancy 2, heat resistance and punching moldability are shown respectively. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, about tensile strength, it measured about the fiber compounding direction and the direction orthogonal to this, and calculated | required the average of both.
(The following margin)
[0036]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004379645
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As can be seen from Examples 1 to 6, Comparative Examples 1 to 6, and Table 1, the lighting adjustment tool sheet of the present invention exhibits a black color, prevents unnecessary light diffusion, and is visually inconspicuous. It has the basic requirements for use as a lighting adjustment tool such as a lighting frame that can shine light only on the frame or where necessary, and is highly flammable and is illuminated despite being black. Exhibits excellent heat resistance against radiant heat.
[0038]
In other words, when a flame retardant having a carbon fiber accelerating action such as guanidine sulfamate or guanidine phosphate, which is a general method for imparting flame retardancy to cardboard used conventionally as a lighting frame, is blended. As can be seen from the comparative examples, although flame retardancy is obtained, in terms of heat resistance during light irradiation, it is easy to absorb the radiant heat of the irradiated light because it is black, and carbon fiber carbonization promoting action In combination with the fact that the flame retardant having a tendency to be decomposed by heat has caused a vicious cycle, the heat resistance at the time of light irradiation is higher than the case where the flame retardant is not actually blended (Comparative Example 1). Results in worse.
[0039]
On the other hand, the present invention has high flame retardancy by blending a predetermined amount of water-containing inorganic compound or water-containing inorganic compound and carbonate without blending a flame retardant having a carbon fiber accelerating action. Also, in heat resistance during light irradiation, the paper quality is prevented from deteriorating due to the radiant heat of the irradiated light due to being black, and heat resistance during light irradiation is far superior to cardboard that has not been subjected to conventional flame retardant treatment. Sex can be secured.
[0040]
In addition, since the sheet for lighting adjustment tool of the present invention has good punching moldability, it can be easily punched and molded in the same manner as in the case of conventional cardboard that has not been subjected to flame retardant treatment, so that only the lighting frame or the necessary part can be obtained. An illumination adjustment tool such as an illumination adjustment frame that can be irradiated with light can be manufactured.
[0041]
And, if using an illumination adjustment tool such as an illumination adjustment frame body that can shine light only at a necessary location or an illumination frame obtained by punching using the sheet for illumination adjustment tool of the present invention, It is extremely safe because it does not ignite even if it is given some kind of fire in the heated state. Moreover, even if it receives the radiant heat of irradiation light for a long time, it can be used safely without worrying that the illumination frame will deteriorate or smoke.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the measurement status of flame retardancy 2 or heat resistance.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a flame contact state in measurement of flame retardancy 2;
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a punching shape in a punching molding test.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Sheet 2 Spotlight 3 Light 4 Lighter 5 Stamped molded body

Claims (8)

含水無機化合物と炭酸塩を固形分で45〜65重量%と、セルロース繊維を固形分で30〜50重量%含有し、かつ含水無機化合物/炭酸塩が固形分重量比で100/0を含み、60/40より含水無機化合物過多側であり、セルロースの炭化促進作用を有する難燃剤を含有せず、JIS Z8730のL表色によるシート表面の明度指数L45以下である抄紙シートであることを特徴とする照明調整具用シート。A water-containing inorganic compound and carbonate in a solid content of 45 to 65 % by weight, a cellulose fiber in a solid content of 30 to 50 % by weight, and the water-containing inorganic compound / carbonate in a solid content weight ratio of 100/0, 60/40 is a water-containing inorganic compound excess side, does not contain a flame retardant having a carbonization promoting effect of cellulose, and the lightness index L * of the sheet surface by L * a * b * color system of JIS Z8730 is 45 or less. A sheet for a lighting adjustment tool, which is a papermaking sheet. 含水無機化合物と炭酸塩を固形分で45〜65重量%と、セルロース繊維を固形分で30〜50重量%含有し、かつ含水無機化合物/炭酸塩が固形分重量比で100/0を含み、60/40より含水無機化合物過多側であり、セルロースの炭化促進作用を有する難燃剤を含有せず、JIS Z8730のL表色によるシート表面の明度指数L45以下である抄紙シートの打抜成形体であることを特徴とする照明調整具。A water-containing inorganic compound and carbonate in a solid content of 45 to 65 % by weight, a cellulose fiber in a solid content of 30 to 50 % by weight, and the water-containing inorganic compound / carbonate in a solid content weight ratio of 100/0, 60/40 is a side containing more inorganic inorganic compounds, does not contain a flame retardant that promotes carbonization of cellulose, and the lightness index L * of the sheet surface according to the JIS Z8730 L * a * b * color system is 45 or less. An illumination adjusting tool characterized by being a stamped molded body of a certain papermaking sheet. 請求項1記載の照明調整具用シートであって、さらに厚さが0.3〜3mmであることを特徴とする照明調整具用シート。It is a sheet | seat for illumination adjustment tools of Claim 1, Comprising: Thickness is 0.3-3 mm further, The sheet | seat for illumination adjustment tools characterized by the above-mentioned. 請求項2記載の照明調整具であって、さらに厚さが0.3〜3mmであることを特徴とする照明調整具。The illumination adjuster according to claim 2, further having a thickness of 0.3 to 3 mm. 含水無機化合物は、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化カルシウム、二水和石こう及びアルミン酸化カルシウムの中から選ばれた少なくとも1種類からなる請求項1または2記載の照明調整具用シート。The sheet for a lighting adjustment tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-containing inorganic compound comprises at least one selected from aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, dihydrate gypsum and calcium aluminate. 含水無機化合物は水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化カルシウム、二水和石こう及びアルミン酸化カルシウムの中から選ばれた少なくとも1種類からなる請求項1または2記載の照明調整具。The lighting adjustment tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrous inorganic compound comprises at least one selected from aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, dihydrate gypsum and calcium aluminate. 炭酸塩は炭酸カルシウムである請求項1、3、または5記載の照明調整具用シート。The sheet for lighting adjustment tool according to claim 1, 3 or 5, wherein the carbonate is calcium carbonate. 炭酸塩は炭酸カルシウムである請求項2、4または6記載の照明調整具。The lighting adjustment tool according to claim 2, 4 or 6, wherein the carbonate is calcium carbonate.
JP08405099A 1999-03-26 1999-03-26 Lighting adjustment tool sheet and lighting adjustment tool using the sheet Expired - Fee Related JP4379645B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110944438A (en) * 2019-12-19 2020-03-31 杭州友邦演艺设备有限公司 Stage lighting and shadow superposition control method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP4969948B2 (en) * 2006-08-18 2012-07-04 北越紀州製紙株式会社 Lighting adjustment tool sheet and lighting adjustment tool using the sheet

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110944438A (en) * 2019-12-19 2020-03-31 杭州友邦演艺设备有限公司 Stage lighting and shadow superposition control method

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