JP4379074B2 - Optical fiber and optical fiber device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical fiber and an optical fiber device having the optical fiber.

  Conventionally, when laser light is injected into an optical fiber having an optical amplification function of a pumping laser, as shown in FIG. 9A, the pumping laser and the optical fiber leaked from the optical fiber due to NA mismatch or movement after adjustment. There is a risk that light is absorbed by the buffer or jacket of the optical fiber and mechanical deterioration due to heat generation occurs.

FIG. 9B shows a cross-sectional structure of an optical fiber core wire 2 used for a general fiber laser. It is called double clad fiber because of its structure. Rare earth is added to the core 11 having a high refractive index, and the laser to be amplified is injected, propagated, and amplified. In general, the cross-sectional shape of the core 11 is a circle, but an elliptical shape or the like is adopted to preserve the polarization plane. The diameter of the core 11 is generally 10 microns or less when propagating in a single mode. On the other hand, excitation laser light is injected into the first cladding 12. The second cladding 13 has a refractive index lower than that of the first cladding 12, and the excitation laser light propagates in the first cladding 12. The refractive index of the second cladding 13 is such that a large number of low-refractive index regions made of holes, for example, extend in the longitudinal direction of the fiber in the light propagation medium made of the same material as the first cladding 12. This can be done by lowering the effective average refractive index.
The excitation laser beam penetrates into the core 11 in the process of propagating through the first cladding 12, and the penetrated light is absorbed by the rare earth added to the core 11.
The diameter of the first cladding 12 is 2 to 10 times the diameter of the core 11 and is selected according to the application.
The outside of the optical fiber core 2 is covered with, for example, a first covering 3a called a buffer and a second covering 3b called a jacket, and these coverings maintain mechanical strength. For this purpose, materials other than optical materials are generally used.

Both ends of the optical fiber have a structure in which a buffer and a jacket are partially peeled off. Here, in the injection of the pumping laser light into the first cladding of the optical fiber, the NA of the pumping laser is larger than the NA of the first cladding of the optical fiber, or the relative position of the pumping laser and the first cladding is In the case of deviation, light leaking from the first cladding propagates in the second cladding. And when the light reaches | attains a buffer or a jacket adhesion part, it will be absorbed by a buffer or a jacket, and there exists a danger of producing heat and a characteristic deterioration.
On the other hand, an attempt to solve the problem by using a flame retardant material for a buffer or a jacket has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-131078 A (2nd page, lower right column)

However, even if a flame retardant material is used for the buffer or jacket, there is a risk of deterioration of characteristics due to heat generation depending on the laser output, so the buffer and jacket material must be changed each time according to the laser output. Therefore, it cannot be denied that the work for that is complicated.
However, since optical fibers have a wide variety of uses, it is difficult to form a buffer or jacket with a certain material, and a fiber structure capable of covering a wider range of output is required.

  That is, it can be said that it is more realistic to attempt to solve the problem by adjusting the amount of light reaching the buffer or the jacket than by changing or improving the material.

  The present invention is intended to solve various problems related to heat generation and characteristic deterioration of buffers and jackets in optical fibers.

An optical fiber according to the present invention is composed of an optical fiber core, a covering for covering a region excluding at least a part of the optical fiber, and a light-transmitting material, and the covering is not provided. An optical fiber including an inclined portion provided around the optical fiber core and adjacent to the end of the covering, and having a surface inclined with respect to the surface of the optical fiber core in a cross section along the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber core; And a translucent body that transmits and emits light that deviates from the total reflection condition in the inclined portion of the light traveling in the core wire .

In the optical fiber according to the present invention, the transparent body can be formed integrally with the optical fiber.
Further, the optical fiber according to the present invention can be configured such that the light transmitted through the optical fiber is transmitted through the surface of the light transmitting body. The translucent body may be made of quartz glass or low melting point glass.
Further, the optical fiber according to the present invention can have a configuration in which a ferrule is disposed at the end portion of the optical fiber, and can have a configuration having a large number of holes extending in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber. Is.

An optical fiber device according to the present invention includes an optical fiber core, a covering covering a region excluding at least a part of the optical fiber core, and a periphery of the optical fiber core not provided with the covering And an inclined portion that is provided adjacent to the end of the covering and is made of a light-transmitting material and has a surface that is inclined with respect to the surface of the optical fiber core in a cross section along the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber core. It comprises an optical fiber having a translucent body that transmits and emits light that deviates from the total reflection condition in the inclined portion of the light traveling in the fiber core .

  According to the optical fiber of the present invention, since laser light is emitted to the outside before reaching the buffer and the jacket, characteristic deterioration due to heat generation of the buffer and the jacket can be avoided, and thus long-term reliability and safety can be prevented. A high optical fiber can be constructed, and therefore a highly safe fiber laser can be realized.

  Further, according to the optical fiber device of the present invention, it is not necessary to change the buffer and the jacket in accordance with the output of the introduced laser beam. In addition, according to the configuration of the present invention, the number of components of the jacket and the number of components can be reduced.

  First, an embodiment of an optical fiber according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In this embodiment, as shown in a schematic side view in FIG. 1A, an optical fiber core 2 that is a light propagation medium of the optical fiber 1 and a first covering body that covers the optical fiber core 2. For example, it includes a buffer 3 a, a second covering body, for example, a jacket 3 b, and a light transmitting body 4 disposed adjacent to the rear end side of the light traveling direction of the covering body 2 in the optical fiber core wire 2.
As shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1B, the optical fiber core 2 has the same core 11 as described in FIG. 10, and has a first clad 12 and a second clad 13 around it. be able to.
Then, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, pump laser light propagating mainly through the first cladding 12 of the optical fiber 1 is introduced into the optical fiber core 2, and the optical fiber core 2 is made of, for example, quartz (refractive index 1.. 54), light having an incident angle θ ₂ ≈40.5 ° or more propagates while being repeatedly reflected. In the optical fiber 1 according to the present invention, the excitation laser light is transmitted immediately before reaching the first cover 3a and the second cover 3b, that is, adjacent to the rear end side in the light traveling direction of the fiber core 2. A light body 4 is provided.
The translucent body 4 has a protruding portion that protrudes at least from the peripheral surface of the optical fiber core 2 in the direction intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber 1 from the peripheral surface of the optical fiber core 2, and the traveling direction of light from the protruding portion. And an inclined portion that gradually recedes toward the axis of the optical fiber core wire 2, and when θ ₂ > θ ₁ , the first cladding 12 leaks into the second cladding 13 and the inclined portion In the case where at least a part of incident light, that is, for example, the translucent body is also made of quartz, it has a structure that transmits the incident light with an incident angle θ ₁ of 40.5 ° or less to the outside. .

  Next, first and second embodiments relating to the formation of the light transmitting body 4 will be described with reference to FIGS.

[First Embodiment]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A, the translucent member 4 first passes the optical fiber core wire 2 through the translucent portion 4a having an inner diameter larger than the outer peripheral diameter of the optical fiber core wire 2, and then FIG. As shown to 3B, it fuses with the fiber core wire 2 by the local heating apparatuses 21, such as an arc discharge apparatus, and is formed integrally.

[Second Embodiment]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4A, the translucent body 4 has a translucent medium 4b supplied from a translucent medium supply unit 22 attached to a rotating optical fiber core, and thereafter As shown to 4B, it fuse | melts with the fiber core wire 2 by the local heating apparatuses 21, such as an arc discharge apparatus, for example, and is formed integrally.
In this example, as shown in FIG. 5, since the transparent body 4 is formed with a curved surface, a part of the light propagating through the optical fiber core 2 is incident on this curved surface, and is transmitted and externally transmitted. Is released.

  In both the first and second embodiments, the light transmitting portion 4a and the light transmitting medium 4b can be made of, for example, quartz glass or low melting point glass.

  Next, first and second embodiments having a ferrule at the end of an optical fiber according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[First Embodiment]
In this embodiment, the optical fiber 1 according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 6A as a schematic longitudinal sectional view thereof, and as shown in FIG. The optical fiber core 2 that is a medium, a first covering body that covers the optical fiber core wire, such as a buffer 3a, a second covering body such as a jacket 3b, and the progress of light in the optical fiber core wire of these covering bodies. A translucent body 4 that is disposed adjacent to the rear end side in the direction, and a ferrule 31 that is adjacent to the translucent body 4 on the side opposite to the covering and surrounds the peripheral surface of the optical fiber core 2. And an adhesive 32 for fixing the translucent body 4 and the ferrule 31.
In this embodiment, the translucent body 4 is formed along the first embodiment relating to the formation of the translucent body 4 described above.

[Second Embodiment]
In this embodiment, the optical fiber 1 according to the present invention has an optical fiber propagation as shown in FIG. 7A and a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line bb ′ in FIG. 7A. The optical fiber core 2 that is a medium, a first covering body that covers the optical fiber core wire, such as a buffer 3a, a second covering body such as a jacket 3b, and the progress of light in the optical fiber core wire of these covering bodies. A translucent body 4 disposed adjacent to the rear end side in the direction, and a ferrule 31 adjacent to the translucent body 4 on the opposite side of the covering body and surrounding the peripheral surface of the optical fiber core 2. And an adhesive 32 for fixing the translucent body 4 and the ferrule 31.
In this embodiment, the translucent body 4 is formed along the second embodiment relating to the formation of the translucent body 4 described above.

Next, an embodiment of an optical fiber device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
For example, as shown in a schematic configuration diagram in FIG. 8, the optical fiber device 201 transmits laser light from the excitation laser light source 102 to the optical fiber 1 through the transmission optical fiber 103 via the optical system 121. Low-power signal light that is condensed and introduced into one end 112 of the fiber 1 and amplified, for example, from the laser light source 110 to be amplified is condensed on the other end 111 of the optical fiber 1 through the optical system 122. be introduced.

The optical system 121 on the excitation laser light source side includes lenses 104a and 104b, and a wavelength selective mirror 105a disposed therebetween.
The optical system 122 on the amplified laser light source 110 side includes lenses 104 a and 104 b, a wavelength selective mirror 105 b disposed therebetween, and a return mirror 107.

  Further, a lens 104c, an optical isolator 109, and an optical rotator 108 are provided between the laser light source 110 to be amplified and the wavelength selective mirror of the optical system 122, and the laser to be amplified from the laser light source 110 to be amplified is provided. Light, for example, signal light, is reflected by the wavelength selection mirror 105b of the optical system 122 by the mirror 106a through the lens 104c, the optical isolator 109, and the optical rotator 108, and is reflected by the lens 104e. To the optical fiber 1.

  As shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1B, the optical fiber 1 includes a first cladding 12 on the outer periphery of the core 11 and a second cladding 13 on the outer periphery thereof.

The laser light introduced from the excitation laser light source 102 into the optical system 121 through the transfer optical fiber 103 is transmitted through the wavelength selective mirror 105a, is condensed by the lens 104b, and is introduced into the first cladding 3 of the optical fiber 1. Thus, the rare earth added to the core 2 of the optical fiber 1 is excited.
The excess laser light that is not absorbed while the excitation laser light passes from the end portion 112 to the end portion 111 of the amplification fiber 1 is reflected by the return mirror 107 of the optical system 122 and introduced into the optical fiber 1 again. And effectively contributes to excitation.

On the other hand, the amplified laser light from the low-power amplified laser light source 110 is condensed by the optical system 122 and introduced into the core 2 from the end 111 of the optical fiber 1 as described above. At this time, the wavelength of the laser beam to be amplified is matched with the wavelength of the rare earth stimulated emission light added to the core 2 of the optical fiber 1.
In the course of propagation of the amplified laser light through the optical fiber 1, the excitation laser light in the first cladding 3 is absorbed by the rare earth added to the core 2, and stimulated emission light is emitted to the core 2. Induce.
On the other hand, the laser to be amplified propagating through the core 2 is gradually increased in intensity while picking up the stimulated emission light, that is, amplified. The amplified laser light is emitted from the end 112 of the optical fiber 1.
Since the amplified output light is reflected by the wavelength selective mirror 105a and the mirror 106b through the lens 104b, the amplified output light is derived as output light without going to the excitation laser light source 102.

  In the optical fiber according to the present invention, although not shown in the drawing, the first clad and the second clad have a configuration in which a large number of low refractive index regions such as holes extend in the longitudinal direction of the fiber. It is also possible to form an effective refractive index difference.

  The optical fiber and the optical fiber device according to the present invention are not limited to this embodiment. For example, the optical fiber core wire is an optical fiber that does not use a double clad fiber. It goes without saying that it can be done.

A and B are a schematic side view showing an example of the structure of an optical fiber according to the present invention and a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of an optical fiber core wire, respectively. It is the schematic which shows the principle of the introduction | transduction of light and the transmission to the exterior in an example of the optical fiber by this invention. It is the schematic which shows 1st Embodiment of formation of the translucent body in the optical fiber by this invention. It is the schematic which shows the 2nd Embodiment of formation of the translucent body in the optical fiber by this invention. It is a schematic side view which shows the structure of an example of the optical fiber by this invention. FIGS. 2A and 2B are a schematic longitudinal sectional view and a schematic transverse sectional view, respectively, showing a first embodiment of the optical fiber according to the present invention having a ferrule. FIGS. A and B are a schematic longitudinal sectional view and a schematic transverse sectional view, respectively, showing a second embodiment of the optical fiber according to the present invention having a ferrule. It is a schematic block diagram of an example of the optical fiber apparatus by this invention. A and B are a schematic side view showing the structure of a conventional optical fiber and a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional optical fiber core, respectively.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Optical fiber, 2 ... Optical fiber core wire, 3a ... 1st coating body (buffer), 3b ... 2nd coating body (jacket), 4 ... Translucent body, 4a ... translucent part, 4b ... translucent medium, 11 ... core, 12 ... first clad, 13 ... second clad, 21 ... local heating device, 22 ... Translucent medium supply device 31 ... Ferrule 32 ... Adhesive 102 ... Laser light source for excitation 103 ... Optical fiber for transmission 104a ... Lens 104b ... Lens 104c ... Lens, 104d ... Lens, 104e ... Lens, 105a ... Wavelength selective mirror, 105b ... Wavelength selective mirror, 106a ... Mirror, 106b ... Mirror, 107 ...・ Return mirror, 108 ... Optical rotator, 109 ... Light Isolator, 110 ... to be amplified laser light source, 111 ... end, 112 ... end, 121 ... optical system, 122 ... optical system, 201 ... optical fiber device

Claims (9)

An optical fiber core,
A covering that covers the periphery of a region excluding at least a part of the optical fiber core;
It is made of a light transmissive material, and is provided around the optical fiber core not provided with the covering body, adjacent to the end of the covering body, and in a cross section along the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber core wire. Includes a sloped portion that is inclined with respect to the surface of the optical fiber core wire, and a light transmitting body that transmits and emits light that deviates from the total reflection condition in the inclined portion of the light traveling in the optical fiber core wire, and Have
Optical fiber. The translucent body is an optical fiber according to 請 Motomeko 1 that will be formed integrally with the optical fiber. The optical fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface of the translucent body includes curved surfaces that are gradually different in inclination angle with respect to the surface of the optical fiber core wire. The optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the translucent body includes a portion whose outer diameter gradually decreases toward the covering body. The translucent body is an optical fiber according to any one of 請 Motomeko 1-4 Ru formed from quartz glass. The translucent body is an optical fiber according to any one of 請 Motomeko 1-5 Ru formed from a low melting glass. Above and the coating side of the transparent body and connected to the opposite end, the optical fiber according to any of 請 Motomeko 1-6 the full ferrule is Ru arranged. The optical fiber core wire is composed of a core that is provided in the center and through which light propagates, and a clad that covers the periphery of the core,
In the cladding, by having a longitudinally extending arranged a number of holes of the optical fiber, any claim 1-7 in which the effective refractive index as compared to the core is lower structure the optical fiber according to either. An optical fiber core, a covering covering a region excluding at least a part of the optical fiber core, and an end of the covering around the optical fiber not provided with the covering The optical fiber core wire includes an inclined portion that is provided adjacent to the portion and is made of a light-transmitting material, and whose surface is inclined with respect to the surface of the optical fiber core wire in a cross section along the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber core wire. An optical fiber having a translucent body that transmits and emits light out of the total reflection condition at the inclined portion of the light traveling in the inside.
Optical fiber device.

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