JP4367105B2 - Street lighting method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an outdoor street lighting method.

  Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 9, street lighting is installed at approximately equal intervals by pole lighting fixtures or utility pole co-mounting lighting fixtures 1 to illuminate the streets 2 as uniformly as possible. 3 indicates a pedestrian and 4 indicates an illuminance distribution. As a standard of brightness for crime prevention, the Japan Security Equipment Association recommends an average horizontal illuminance of 3 lux and a minimum vertical illuminance of 0.5 lux. The purpose is to be able to understand the face direction and behavior posture of a pedestrian 4 meters ahead so that a minimum defensive action can be taken. Here, the average horizontal plane illuminance is the average illuminance on the road surface of the street, and the minimum vertical plane illuminance is 1.5 m above the road surface on the center line of the street and the minimum of the vertical plane perpendicular to the road axis. Illuminance. In addition, “Industrial Standards (JIS) for“ Road Lighting Standards for Pedestrians ”(JIS Z9111) and“ Japan Outdoor Public Lighting Standards for Pedestrians ”(JIEC-006) are defined by the Illuminating Society of Japan. Among these, the illuminance value is set according to the traffic volume of the pedestrian and the brightness of the surroundings. The higher the traffic volume and the brighter the surroundings, the higher the illuminance.

Further, Patent Document 1 describes that street pillars to which lighting fixtures are attached are arranged along streets at predetermined intervals to ensure a minimum value of 0.5 lux of vertical plane illuminance in the street major axis direction. ing.
JP 2000-331504 A

  In recent years, crime has been on the rise, and residents' anxiety about crime has also increased. Therefore, it is desired to develop a safe and secure urban space. In urban areas, residents often feel uneasy in places where the surrounding residents have low natural supervision, making it difficult for their eyes to reach nature. The reason why people feel anxiety compared to places with high natural surveillance, such as residential streets, is thought to be because of low expectations for relief.

  Conventional street lighting methods illuminate with the same illuminance even in residential buildings around the street or public facilities such as parks, and the lighting design was not designed with consideration for the level of nature monitoring. . For this reason, residents' anxiety is higher in other places than in other places where nature monitoring is low, and the level of anxiety usually varies from place to place. In addition, when street lighting is maintained at the request of residents, the entire street is maintained to ensure high illuminance uniformly, which is problematic from the viewpoint of energy saving.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and measures were taken according to the location, such as focusing on places with high anxiety, and the height of anxiety at each location was increased. By reducing it to the same extent, it is to provide a street lighting method that can efficiently implement the entire street maintenance.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a street lighting method according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a first street having a high natural monitoring ability and a second street having a low natural monitoring ability continuous to the first street. And illuminating with the first lighting fixtures scattered on the first street and the second lighting fixtures scattered on the second street, and the second illumination. Many appliances are installed at intervals shorter than the installation interval of the first lighting fixtures, and the minimum vertical surface illuminance of the second street is 2 to 5 with respect to the minimum vertical illuminance of the first street. Double.

The street illumination method according to claim 2 is the street illumination method according to claim 1, wherein the minimum vertical surface illuminance of the second street is about 3 times instead of 2 to 5 times. .

Street lighting method of claim 3, in street lighting method according to claim 1, also illuminated by the second lighting fixture at a location in the premises of the facility adjacent to the second street.

  According to the street lighting method of the first aspect of the present invention, the street is divided into a first street having a high natural monitoring property and a second street having a low natural monitoring property continuous to the first street. Illuminated by a first lighting device provided on the street and a second lighting device provided on the second street, and a vertical surface illuminance of the second street with respect to a vertical surface illuminance of the first street 2-5 times, by setting the illuminance of each street in consideration of the level of nature monitoring, the high crime anxiety on streets with low nature monitoring is reduced to the same level of anxiety as the surrounding streets In addition, the entire street can be reduced to the same level of anxiety, and the street can be efficiently maintained. As a result, there is no need to investigate the level of criminal anxiety with residents' questionnaires, etc., and it is easy to implement by simply finding the level of natural surveillance based on the characteristics of the surrounding environment of the street and setting the illuminance of each street. It can be said. Moreover, energy saving can be achieved compared with the case where the whole street is maintained so as to ensure high illuminance uniformly.

Moreover , the 1st and 2nd lighting fixtures are scattered and provided in the street, and the vertical plane illuminance is the minimum vertical plane illuminance in the first and second streets provided with the first and second lighting fixtures. Therefore, the illuminance value can be set on the basis of the minimum vertical plane illuminance defined in Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS).

In Claim 2 , it is desirable to make the vertical surface illuminance of the second street about three times the vertical surface illuminance of the first street. That is, in relation to the illuminance necessary to reduce anxiety, the relationship between the illuminance a necessary for the first street with high natural monitoring and the illuminance b necessary for the second street with low natural monitoring is Since b is 2 to 5 times the illuminance a, the street can be efficiently maintained by setting it to about 3 times the middle.

According to claim 3 , since the second lighting device also illuminates a place in the premises of the facility adjacent to the second street, for example, both sides or one side of the second street with low natural monitoring property are parked, parked In the case of public facilities such as car parks, schools, vacant lots, open vacant lots, etc., the illuminance at the locations in these premises is increased, and further anxiety can be eliminated.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between a street and illuminance in the first embodiment of the present invention, and shows the street from the top.

  In FIG. 1, 1 is a street lighting fixture (first lighting fixture), 2 is a street, 3 is a pedestrian, 5 is a place with low natural monitoring ability, 6 is a place with high natural monitoring ability, and 7 is a natural monitoring ability. This is a street lighting device (second lighting device) installed in a low place. The street 2 includes a first street A and a second street B.

  The second street B is a street with a low nature monitoring ability, and the first street A is a street with a high nature monitoring ability. Streets with low nature monitoring are streets where people's gaze is not fully accessible.For example, both sides or one side of streets are public facilities such as parks, parking lots, schools, vacant lots, and open to the public. This is the case for vacant lots. On the other hand, a street with high nature monitoring refers to a street where a person's line of sight is natural, for example, a case where both sides are houses or a store that is open.

  As described above, the street 2 is divided into the first street A having a high natural monitoring property and the second street B having a low natural monitoring property continuous to the first street A, and is provided in the first street A. Illumination is performed by the first lighting fixture 1 and the second lighting fixture 7 provided on the second street B. At this time, the second street B is provided by providing the second street B with the second lighting 7 having a high light output with respect to the first street 1 provided on the first street A. The vertical surface illuminance is set to 2 to 5 times the vertical surface illuminance of the first street A. In this case, the 1st and 2nd lighting fixtures 1 and 7 in which the 1st and 2nd lighting fixtures 1 and 7 were provided, and the 1st and 2nd lighting fixtures 1 and 7 were provided in the street 2 and the vertical surface illumination intensity was provided. It is the minimum vertical surface illuminance on streets A and B.

  FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of residents who feel uneasy and the minimum vertical surface illuminance when nature monitoring is considered in street lighting. This is based on the results of a questionnaire survey (collecting 836 people) where residents feel uneasy about crimes and the results of an investigation of the illuminance of 16 streets in the district. The number of worried people on the vertical axis is the number of people in each street who reported that they felt uneasy through a questionnaire survey. The minimum vertical plane illuminance on the horizontal axis is the minimum illuminance on the vertical plane at a height of 1.5 m above the road surface on the center line of each street and perpendicular to the road axis. Among the graphs, A is the relationship obtained from the survey results of 7 streets with high nature monitoring, and B is the relationship obtained from the survey results of 9 streets with low natural monitoring. From this result, it can be seen that the minimum vertical surface illuminance is about 1.5 lux on the street A and the minimum vertical illuminance is about 4.5 lux on the street B so that few people feel uneasy.

  FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the level of natural monitoring and the illuminance necessary to reduce anxiety. As shown in FIG. 3, based on the above results, the illuminance a necessary for street A with high natural monitoring ability and the street with low natural monitoring ability are summarized as the relationship between necessary illuminance due to high and low natural monitoring ability. The relationship of the illuminance b necessary for B is as follows. That is, the illuminance b is 2 to 5 times the illuminance a, and is preferably about 3 times.

  FIG. 4 is a graph showing the setting of the minimum vertical surface illuminance required for each part of the street. The horizontal axis is the characteristics of each part of the street, and the vertical axis is the required vertical surface illuminance. As shown in FIG. 4, the street A having a high natural monitoring ability is set to illuminance a, and the street B having a low natural monitoring ability is set to illuminance b, and the illuminance is made constant in each street range.

  FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram in which additional lighting fixtures are installed in the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, 8 is a street lighting apparatus installed in a place with low natural monitoring ability. In this manner, the necessary illuminance b is ensured by additionally providing the lighting fixture 8 on the street B having low natural monitoring ability.

  A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram in which a wall-mounted luminaire according to the second embodiment of the present invention is installed.

  In the present embodiment, the lighting fixture is attached to the wall surface in the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, when the wall surface 9 continues in the street B (FIG. 1) with low natural monitoring ability, the illuminance b can be secured by attaching the wall surface mounting lighting device 10 to the wall surface 9. it can.

  A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram in which illuminance is set in consideration of street characteristics in the entire town according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  In the present embodiment, in the first and second embodiments, the level of nature monitoring is considered in the entire city. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to set the illuminance b in the street B having low natural monitoring ability in consideration of the characteristics of the place 5 and the street 2 having low natural monitoring ability in the entire city.

  A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between streets and illuminance in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and shows the streets from above.

  In the present embodiment, in the first embodiment, the second lighting fixture 7 also illuminates a place in the site of a facility adjacent to a street with low natural monitoring ability. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the street side in the site adjacent to the street B with low natural monitoring is also illuminated with the illuminance b equivalent to the street B. It is desirable that the illumination range is approximately 10 m or more.

It is the conceptual diagram which showed the relationship between the street and illumination intensity in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the graph which showed the relationship between the number of inhabitants who feel anxiety, and the minimum vertical surface illuminance when considering natural monitoring in street lighting. It is a graph showing the relationship between the level of natural monitoring and the illuminance necessary to reduce anxiety. It is the graph which showed the setting of minimum vertical surface illumination required for every site | part of a street. It is the conceptual diagram which installed the lighting fixture in the 1st Embodiment of this invention additionally. It is the conceptual diagram which installed the wall surface mounting lighting fixture in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the conceptual diagram which set the illumination intensity in consideration of the characteristic of the street in the whole town of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is the conceptual diagram which showed the relationship between the street and illumination intensity in the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is the conceptual diagram which showed the relationship between the street and illumination intensity in a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

1 Street lighting fixtures 2 Streets 3 Pedestrians 4 Illuminance distribution by conventional street lighting methods 5 Places with low natural monitoring (for example, public facilities such as parks, parking lots, schools, vacant lots, etc.)
6 Places with high natural surveillance (for example, houses)
7 Street lighting equipment installed in places with low natural surveillance 8 Street lighting equipment installed in places with low natural surveillance 9 Wall 10 Lighting equipment for wall mounting

Claims (3)

The first lighting provided by dividing the street into a first street having a high nature monitoring property and a second street having a low nature monitoring property continuous to the first street, and scattered in the first street. Illuminated by a fixture and a second lighting fixture provided in a scattered manner on the second street, a plurality of the second lighting fixtures are installed at intervals shorter than the installation interval of the first lighting fixture, The street lighting method is characterized in that the minimum vertical surface illuminance of the second street is 2 to 5 times the minimum vertical surface illuminance of the first street. The street lighting method according to claim 1 , wherein the minimum vertical surface illuminance of the second street is about 3 times instead of the 2 to 5 times . The street lighting method according to claim 1, wherein the second lighting device is also used to illuminate a place in a site of a facility adjacent to the second street.

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