JP4364961B2 - Workpiece reversing device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a workpiece reversing apparatus and method for automatically reversing a workpiece and performing machining on the other end surface side after machining on one end surface side of the workpiece in a machine tool, in particular, The present invention relates to a workpiece reversing apparatus and method suitable for a spindle moving type vertical machine tool in which a spindle has an axis in a substantially vertical direction and receives and conveys a workpiece by a chuck at the tip of the spindle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a machine tool such as an NC lathe, if machining of one end face side of a work piece is completed and the work piece is automatically reversed to perform machining of the other end face side, the machine tool will take a long time. Automatic operation is possible, the number of setup change work by the operator can be reduced, the operating rate of the machine tool can be improved, and the processing cost can be reduced. As such a workpiece reversing device, a technique described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-17314 is known.
[0003]
In the reversing device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-17314, a workpiece Wq is placed on a receiving plate 26 as shown in FIG. 4, and the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece Wq is held by a clamp device 27 to receive the workpiece Wq and the receiving device. The plate 26 is rotated around a horizontal rotation axis and inverted 180 degrees, and the workpiece inverted by the robot hand 11 as shown in FIG. 3 is supplied to the machine tool. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the workpiece Wq is sandwiched between the receiving plate 47 and the lever 48 from the vertical direction (axial direction) by the clamping device 49 and reversed, and the workpiece is conveyed by the robot hand 46. Things are also listed. In this clamping device 49, the receiving plate 47 performs a 180-degree reversing operation, and the rotating operation of the lever 48 performs the clamping and releasing operations of the workpiece Wq.
[0004]
In addition to the reversing device described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-17314, using two robot hands, the workpiece is delivered from one to the other, and then the workpiece is supplied to the machine tool. Also known are those that invert the workpiece.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a reversing device such as Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-17314, since the work piece is reversed while holding only one of the outer peripheral surface and the end face, the work force is applied to the work piece after reversing or during the reversing operation. The state of holding only occurs. In order not to drop the workpiece at this time, it is necessary to hold the workpiece with a frictional force larger than the weight of the workpiece. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the pressing force of the clamp device that holds the workpiece, which increases the size of the clamp device and the reversing device and increases the cost. Further, when the reversing device or the like is increased in size, there are problems that the speed of the reversing operation is reduced and the energy consumption is increased. In particular, such a problem appears remarkably in reversing a large workpiece having a large weight.
[0006]
Moreover, the thing which reverses a workpiece using two robot hands also has a problem that the cost for using two robot hands is high and the control for turning the workpiece is complicated. And in order to handle a large workpiece with a large weight, the cost of the robot hand is further increased.
[0007]
Furthermore, the conventional reversing device as shown in FIG. 5 of the Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-17314 has a spindle movement in which the spindle has a substantially vertical axis, and the workpiece is transferred and conveyed by a chuck at the tip of the spindle. It was difficult to apply to a vertical machine tool. In other words, after the receiving plate 47 is rotated 180 degrees, even if an attempt is made to receive the workpiece Wq by the chuck, there arises a problem that the receiving plate 47 and the chuck interfere with each other and the workpiece Wq cannot be received.
[0008]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a workpiece reversing apparatus and method that are compact and capable of high-speed operation without dropping the workpiece during the reversing operation, and that are suitable for a spindle-driven vertical machine tool. And
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a workpiece reversing device of the present invention is provided with a main body that can be attached to a machine tool or can be installed in the vicinity of a machine tool, and is rotatable with respect to the main body. A mounting-side holding member that can be mounted, and the workpiece that is pivotable with respect to the main body and that faces the mounting-side holding member, and is placed on the mounting-side holding member. Is provided on at least one of the above-mentioned mounting-side clamping member and the above-mentioned opposing-side clamping member, and can be clamped in cooperation with the above-mentioned mounting-side clamping member. A regulating member that regulates movement of the workpiece in a direction orthogonal to the opposing direction of the member and the opposing clamping member, and the placement-side clamping member and the opposing clamping member that sandwiched the workpiece are rotated 180 degrees. Reversing drive means for reversing the workpiece by moving it; In the state where the opposing side clamping member is positioned above the placement side clamping member, the opposing side clamping member can be moved to a standby position where the workpiece can be transferred, and the placement side clamping member is In a state of being positioned above the opposing-side clamping member, the above-mentioned holding-side clamping member has standby movement means that can move to the standby position. Then, the rotational movement for reversing the workpiece of the placement-side clamping member and the opposing-side clamping member is a rotational movement about the horizontal reversal axis. .
[0012]
In the workpiece reversing device, it is preferable that the regulating member is provided so as to be able to engage with an outer peripheral portion or an inner peripheral portion of the workpiece at at least three positions.
[0013]
In the workpiece reversing device, it is preferable that the regulating member is provided so that the position of the regulating member can be adjusted in the radial direction of the workpiece.
[0015]
In the workpiece reversing device, The movement of the placement-side clamping member or the opposing-side clamping member to the standby position is performed by a rotational movement around a horizontal axis orthogonal to the reversal axis. It is preferable.
[0016]
In the workpiece reversing device, The placement-side clamping member is rotatable to an upper end position where the placement surface of the workpiece faces downward in a state where the opposing-side clamping member has moved to the standby position. It is preferable.
[0017]
In the workpiece reversing device, the machine tool preferably has a spindle having a substantially vertical axis and conveys the workpiece by a chuck at the tip of the spindle.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a spindle moving vertical machine tool 1 to which the present invention is applied. This is an example of a vertical lathe having a spindle axis in the vertical direction as a machine tool. A work feeder 3 is juxtaposed to the machine tool main body 2 of the spindle movement type vertical machine tool 1. The machine tool body 2 is provided with a tool post 23 on a bed 10. The tool post 23 is provided with a turret 21 which can be indexed and rotated, and a processing tool 22 such as an outer diameter processing tool and an inner diameter processing tool is held on the outer peripheral portion of the turret 21. A main shaft 5 having a rotation axis in the vertical direction is rotatably supported on the main shaft 4, and a chuck 6 is provided at the lower end of the main shaft 5. The chucking claw 27 of the chuck 6 is opened and closed by the driving force of the chuck cylinder 28.
[0021]
An X-axis guide rail 11 is provided along a horizontal direction (X-axis direction) orthogonal to the Z-axis direction, which is a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the main shaft 5, and a saddle 12 is disposed on the X-axis guide rail 11. It is provided so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. The X-axis guide rail 11 is provided on a bracket 10 a fixed to the rear portion of the bed 10 and the rear portion of the bed 10. The bed 10 and the bracket 10a may be integrated.
[0022]
The saddle 12 is moved in the X-axis direction by an X-axis feed screw 13 and a nut 14 that are rotationally driven by an X-axis servomotor 20 via a toothed pulley / toothed belt mechanism. The saddle 12 is provided with a headstock 4 that can be moved in the Z-axis direction by a Z-axis guide rail 24 and a slide body 25 (see FIG. 2). A Z-axis feed screw (not shown) is provided by a Z-axis servomotor 26. ) To rotate the head stock 4 in the Z-axis direction. Thereby, the main shaft 5 and the head stock 4 are movable in the X and Z axis directions. The spindle 5 is controlled to move in the X and Z axis directions by an NC device (not shown), and the workpiece W gripped by the chuck 6 is machined by the machining tool 22 on the turret 21.
[0023]
A region in which the head stock 4 moves during processing is covered with a cover and a splash guard 61 as a processing region 17. A reversing device 7 is installed in the processing area 17. The reversing device 7 is for automatically reversing the workpiece W. After the machining of one end face side of the workpiece W is completed, the workpiece W is automatically reversed using the reversing device 7 and the machining of the other end face side of the workpiece W can be continuously performed. .
[0024]
A workpiece transfer area 18 is provided adjacent to the machining area 17. The machining area 17 and the workpiece transfer area 18 are partitioned by an openable / closable cover or the like. In the workpiece transfer area 18, the work feeder 3 is installed so that at least a part thereof is located in the area. In other words, the workpiece feeder 3 only needs to have a workpiece transfer position and a workpiece reception position, which will be described later, at least in the workpiece transfer area 18.
[0025]
On the upper surface of the work feeder main body 30 of the work feeder 3, a rotating disk 31 is provided so as to be rotatable and indexable. A workpiece can be placed on each of the plurality of workpiece placement portions 32 provided on the upper surface of the rotating disk 31. On the rotating disk 31, a plurality of (for example, eight) workpiece mounting portions 32 are provided for each equal angle in the circumferential direction. A plurality of workpieces W can be continuously supplied to the machine tool body 2 by the work feeder 3.
[0026]
The X-axis guide rail 11 extends to the position of the work feeder 3 in the X-axis direction. Two workpiece placement portions 32 can be simultaneously positioned on the movement axis line of the main shaft 5 in the X-axis direction, and the center of each workpiece placement portion 32 is on the movement axis line of the main shaft 5 at the time of positioning. One workpiece mounting portion 32 on the moving axis is in a workpiece transfer position for passing a processed workpiece from the chuck 6, and the other workpiece mounting portion 32 receives an unmachined workpiece on the chuck 6. In the workpiece receiving position. The headstock 4 is movable to a position where the chuck 6 is located immediately above these two positions. The spindle moving type vertical machine tool 1 is controlled by an NC (numerical control) device.
[0027]
At least one of the workpiece placing portions 32 of the work feeder 3 is located outside the splash guard 61, and the position is a workpiece setup changing position. In other words, the worker removes the processed workpiece from the workpiece placing portion 32 and performs the setup change to place the unmachined workpiece on the workpiece placing portion 32 at this workpiece setup changing position. The worker can perform setup change work at the workpiece setup change position, but is separated by a splash guard 61 so that a hand or the like does not enter the workpiece delivery area 18 side with the workpiece delivery area 18 where the headstock 4 moves. ing.
[0028]
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. A rear end portion of the lateral support member 71 of the reversing device 7 is attached to the front wall surface 10 b on the rear side of the bed 10 in the processing region 17. The horizontal support member 71 is installed substantially horizontally, and a vertical support member 72 is erected substantially vertically at the front end of the horizontal support member 71. A reversing device main body 77 is fixed to the upper end portion of the vertical support member 72. The reversing device main body 77 is provided with a placement-side clamping member 81 and an opposing-side clamping member 84 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal rotation axis. The placement-side clamping member 81 and the opposing-side clamping member 84 can rotate integrally with the workpiece W interposed therebetween, and are rotated 180 degrees in the forward or reverse direction by the rotary actuator 76.
[0029]
The workpiece W gripped by the chuck 6 is transferred to the reversing device 7 by the XZ-axis movement of the headstock 4 when the processing on the lower end surface side is finished, and is placed on the placing-side clamping member 81 of the reversing device 7. . Then, the workpiece W is clamped from above and below by the mounting side clamping member 81 and the opposing side clamping member 84, and is rotated 180 degrees around the horizontal rotation axis as it is. By this rotation, the positions of the lower end surface and the upper end surface of the workpiece W are reversed, the already processed end surface that has already been processed is the upper side, and the end surface on the unprocessed side that is held by the chuck 6 is the lower side. Become. If the end surface on the already processed side of the workpiece W is gripped by the chuck 6, the unprocessed portion on the lower side of the workpiece W can be processed. Details of the structure and operation of the reversing device 7 will be described later.
[0030]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the reversing device 7. The rear end portion of the lateral support member 71 is fixed to the front wall surface 10 b on the rear side of the bed 10. A vertical support member 72 is erected at the front end portion of the horizontal support member 71, and a reversing device main body 77 is fixed to the upper end portion of the vertical support member 72. A rotary actuator 76 is attached to the front surface side of the reversing device main body 77, and an annular guide groove is formed on the rear surface side. The placement-side rotation member 79 and the opposite-side rotation member 82 are provided at positions that face each other by 180 degrees so that they can be guided around the guide groove and rotate about the horizontal axis.
[0031]
A placement-side clamping member 81 is attached to the placement-side rotation member 79 via a placement-side attachment member 80. A counter-side clamping member 84 is attached to the counter-side rotation member 82 via a counter-side mounting member 83. When the placement-side clamping member 81 is at the lower end position (placement position), the workpiece W can be placed on the upper surface of the placement-side clamping member 81. The upper surface of the workpiece W placed on the placement-side clamping member 81 is pressed by the opposing-side clamping member 84 facing the placement-side clamping member 81, or the upper surface of the workpiece W and the opposing-side clamping member 84 are The workpiece W is sandwiched between the placement-side clamping member 81 and the opposing-side clamping member 84 so that the workpiece W is sandwiched between the placement-side clamping member 81 and the opposing-side clamping member 84 so as to be in contact with each other. Can be pinched.
[0032]
A standby rotation member 78 is provided on the upper portion of the reversing device main body 77 so as to be rotatable by a horizontal rotation shaft 781. A guide groove that is continuous with the guide groove of the reversing device main body 77 is also provided on the front surface side of the standby rotation member 78, and the opposing side rotation member 82 or the placement side rotation member 79 at the upper end position is standby rotation. It is guided in the guide groove of the member 78. The rotation shaft 781 and the standby rotation member 78 are attached so as not to be relatively rotatable. When the opposite side rotation member 82 is on the standby rotation member 78 side, the rotation shaft 781 is rotated by the cylinder 75, whereby the opposite side holding member 84 is clamped to hold the workpiece W as shown in FIG. It can be rotated between the position and a standby position (see FIG. 7) in a vertical posture in order to avoid interference with the chuck 6 and the workpiece W or the like.
[0033]
The standby rotation member 78 can rotate the one at the upper end position between the placement side clamping member 81 and the opposing side clamping member 84 between the standby position and the clamping position. In the state of FIG. 7, the opposing side clamping member 84 can be set to the standby position. However, if the workpiece W is reversed and the placement side clamping member 81 is at the upper end position, the placement side clamping member 81 is set to the standby position. It can be.
[0034]
The cylinder 75 is a trunnion type cylinder, and is supported by a support shaft 741 so as to be rotatable on a bracket 74 provided on the cylinder support member 73. The cylinder support member 73 is fixed to the vertical support member 72. The tip of the piston rod 751 is connected to an arm member 782 fixed to the rotation shaft 781. By supplying the pressure fluid to the rod side cylinder chamber or the head side cylinder chamber of the cylinder 75, the piston rod 751 is advanced and retracted, whereby the rotating shaft 781 and the standby rotating member 78 are rotated between the standby position and the standby position. Can be moved.
[0035]
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the reversing device 7 as viewed from the right side. The reversing device main body 77 is fixed to the upper end portion of the vertical support member 72. The reversing device main body 77 has a substantially cylindrical outer shape and is attached so that its central axis is substantially horizontal. A rotary actuator 76 is fixed to the front surface side of the reversing device main body 77, and annular guide grooves 771 and 772 are provided on the rear surface side of the reversing device main body 77. A placement side turning member 79 and an opposing side turning member 82 are provided so as to be guided by the guide grooves 771 and 772 and turnable.
[0036]
A standby rotation member 78 is provided on the upper portion of the reversing device main body 77 so as to be rotatable together with the rotation shaft 781. By rotating the standby rotation member 78, the opposing side holding member 84 or the placement side holding member 81 can hold the workpiece W as shown in FIG. 4, the chuck 6, the workpiece W, and the like. In order to avoid interference with the vertical position, it can be rotated between the vertical position and the standby position. Guide grooves 783 and 784 are also formed on the front surface side in the holding position of the standby rotation member 78.
[0037]
The guide groove 771 and the guide groove 783 are continuous, and the guide grooves 771 and 783 continuously form an annular guide groove over the entire circumference of the end surface portion. Further, the guide groove 772 and the guide groove 784 are continuous, and the guide grooves 772 and 784 continuously form an annular guide groove over the entire outer periphery. The counter-side rotation member 82 is provided with two (see FIG. 5) rollers 821 and 821 and another two (see FIG. 5) rollers 822 and 822. The rollers 821 and 822 are preferably such that the roller portion (outer ring portion) is rotatable with respect to the shaft portion, such as a cam follower.
[0038]
The rollers 821 and 821 are guided by the guide grooves 771 and 783 to restrict the radial movement, and the rollers 822 and 822 are guided by the guide grooves 772 and 784 in the axial direction (the central axis direction of the reversing device main body 77). The movement is regulated. Therefore, the opposing side rotation member 82 is restricted from moving in the radial direction and the axial direction, and can move only in the rotation direction without dropping from the reversing device main body 77 and the standby rotation member 78. The rollers 821 and 821 are attached to the facing rotation member 82 so that the rotation axis is in the axial direction (the central axis direction of the reversing device main body 77). In addition, the rollers 822 and 822 are attached to the opposite-side rotation member 82 so that the rotation axis is in the radial direction (the radial direction of the guide grooves 772 and 784).
[0039]
Similarly, the placement-side rotating member 79 is also provided with two rollers 791 and 791 whose rotational axes are in the axial direction and two other rollers 792 and 792 whose rotational axes are in the radial direction. The rollers 791 and 792 are preferably such that the roller portion (outer ring portion) is rotatable with respect to the shaft portion like a cam follower. The rollers 791 and 791 are guided by the guide grooves 771 and 783 to restrict the movement in the radial direction, and the rollers 792 and 792 are guided by the guide grooves 772 and 784 to restrict the movement in the axial direction. Accordingly, the placement-side rotation member 79 is also restricted from moving in the radial direction and the axial direction, and can move only in the rotation direction without dropping from the reversing device main body 77 and the standby rotation member 78.
[0040]
An engaging groove 793 is formed on the center side of the front surface (the surface on the rotary actuator 76 side) of the mounting side rotation member 79. Similarly, an engagement groove 823 is formed in the facing side rotation member 82. In addition, a transmission member 762 is fixed to the output shaft 761 of the rotary actuator 76, and two engagement protrusions 763 and 764 are formed at positions on the tip of the transmission member 762 that are opposed to each other by 180 degrees on the circumference. ing. The engaging protrusion 763 is fitted in the engaging groove 823, and the engaging protrusion 764 is fitted in the engaging groove 793.
[0041]
As a result, the placement-side rotation member 79 and the opposite-side rotation member 82 are positioned at 180 degrees on the guide grooves 771, 772, 783, and 784, and are opposed to each other by 180 degrees by driving the rotary actuator 76. It can be rotated while maintaining the positional relationship. The rotary actuator 76 is a rack and pinion type rotary actuator, vane capable of rotating and stopping the output shaft 761 at two positions of 0 degrees and 180 degrees by supplying pressure fluid from one or the other port (not shown). This is a known rotary actuator such as a type rotary actuator. That is, the output shaft 761 can be rotated 180 degrees in the forward direction or the reverse direction.
[0042]
A placement-side clamping member 81 is attached to the placement-side rotation member 79 via a placement-side attachment member 80. Two locking grooves 794 and 795 are formed on the rear surface of the mounting side rotation member 79. By selecting which of the locking grooves 794 and 795 the locking projection 801 of the mounting side mounting member 80 is locked to, the position of the mounting side clamping member 81 in the clamping direction (vertical direction in FIG. 4) is determined. Can be adjusted to multiple positions.
[0043]
A placement plate 811 is provided on the upper surface side of the placement-side clamping member 81. A guide shaft 814 is fixed to the mounting plate 811. The guide shaft 814 is provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction by a predetermined distance with respect to the placement-side clamping member 81. Further, the mounting plate 811 is biased in the clamping direction (upward in FIG. 4) by the coil spring 813 and is in a floating state with respect to the mounting side clamping member 81. Three contact members 812 (see FIG. 6) are fixed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 811. The abutting members 812 are formed in a cylindrical shape, and are arranged so that their central axes form an angle of 120 degrees with each other. The three contact members 812 can stably place a workpiece of any diameter with three-point support.
[0044]
A counter-side clamping member 84 is attached to the counter-side rotation member 82 via a counter-side mounting member 83. A serration 824 is formed on the rear surface of the facing side rotation member 82. A serration 831 is also formed on the opposing attachment member 83. With the serrations 824 and 831, the position in the clamping direction (vertical direction in FIG. 4) of the opposing clamping member 84 can be precisely adjusted according to the height (dimension in the axial direction) of the workpiece. And the opposing side attachment member 83 fixes arbitrary pinching directions (in FIG. 4, an up-down direction by fixing the T nut inserted in the T groove 825 (refer FIG. 5) formed in the opposing side rotation member 82 with the volt | bolt 83a. ) Can be fixed in position.
[0045]
A clamping plate 841 is provided on the lower surface side of the opposing clamping member 84. A guide shaft 846 is fixed to the sandwiching plate 841. The guide shaft 846 is provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction by a predetermined distance with respect to the opposing clamping member 84. The clamping plate 841 is urged in the clamping direction (downward in FIG. 4) by the coil spring 845 and is in a floating state with respect to the opposing clamping member 84. Further, the opposing clamping member 84 has three (see FIG. 5) regulation that regulates the movement of the workpiece in a direction perpendicular to the clamping direction of the workpiece (a direction in a plane parallel to the clamping end surface of the workpiece). A member 842 is provided. The regulating member 842 is provided so as to protrude downward from the clamping plate 841 and engages with the outer peripheral side surface of the workpiece to regulate the movement of the workpiece in the direction orthogonal to the clamping direction.
[0046]
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the reversing device 7 as viewed from above. The opposing clamping member 84 is a substantially equilateral triangular plate-like body, and three linear grooves 844 are formed in the radial direction around the guide shaft 846. The straight grooves 844 are provided so as to form an angle of 120 degrees with each other. A regulating member 842 (see FIG. 4) is provided in the straight groove 844 so as to be movable along the straight groove 844. The position of the regulating member 842 can also be fixed by tightening the fixing screw 843. Three curved grooves 847 are formed in the sandwiching plate 841, and the regulating member 842 is provided so as to penetrate through the curved groove 847. That is, the regulating member 842 is positioned at the intersection of the straight groove 844 and the curved groove 847.
[0047]
The curved shape of the curved groove 847 may be a curve whose distance from the guide shaft changes monotonously according to the angle. For example, an Archimedean spiral curve may be used. The clamping plate 841 can be rotated around the guide shaft 846. By rotating the clamping plate 841, the radial position of the regulating member 842 can be adjusted according to the diameter of the workpiece.
[0048]
In order to adjust the position of the restriction member 842, first, the three fixing screws 843 are loosened so that the restriction member 842 can be moved along the straight groove 844, and the holding plate 841 is rotated by an appropriate angle to thereby adjust the restriction member 842. Adjust the position. The three regulating members 842 move in conjunction with each other and are adjusted to a position equidistant from the guide shaft 846. FIG. 5 shows a state where the regulating member 842 is moved to the position of the minimum diameter. When the regulating member 842 is moved to the position of the maximum diameter, the rotation position of the clamping plate 841 is a position that substantially overlaps the opposing clamping member 84.
[0049]
FIG. 6 is a BB arrow view of the reversing device 7 in FIG. 4 and shows the structure of the placement side clamping member 81. As described above, the mounting plate 811 is provided on the upper surface side of the mounting side clamping member 81. The placement plate 811 is biased upward by a coil spring 813 and is in a floating state with respect to the placement-side clamping member 81. The placement-side clamping member 81 and the placement plate 811 have a structure that extends radially in three directions at intervals of 120 degrees with the guide shaft 814 as the center. Three contact members 812 are radially arranged and fixed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 811 so that the central axes thereof form an angle of 120 degrees with each other. The contact member 812 is formed in a cylindrical shape as described above.
[0050]
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which the opposite-side clamping member 84 of the reversing device 7 is in the standby position. In a state where the opposing side clamping member 84 is at the upper end position, the opposing side clamping member 84 is moved from the clamping position as shown in FIG. 4 to the standby position as shown in FIG. Can be made. When the workpiece is placed on the placement side clamping member 81, the chuck 6 moves to the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 7, but by moving the opposing side clamping member 84 to the standby position, Interference between the opposing clamping member 84 and the chuck 6 and the workpiece can be avoided.
[0051]
With the opposing side clamping member 84 in the standby position, the mounting side clamping member 81 can be rotated to the upper end position by the rotary actuator 76. The mounting side holding member 81a indicated by a two-dot chain line shows a state rotated to the upper end position. While the main spindle moving type vertical machine tool 1 is performing a machining operation, the mounting plate 811 and the abutting member 812 are turned upside down by rotating the mounting side clamping member 81 to the upper end position. It becomes a state, and it becomes difficult for cutting waste, cutting oil agent, etc. to apply to the mounting board 811 and the contact member 812. Further, the cutting waste does not accumulate on the contact member 812. For this reason, it is difficult for foreign matter to adhere to the contact member 812 or the like and corrosion occurs, and the stability and accuracy of the workpiece placement can be maintained over a long period of time.
[0052]
The standby rotation member 78 is formed with a guide groove 785 for enabling the placement-side rotation member 79 to be guided even at the standby position. The guide groove 785 is continuous with the guide groove 771 in a state where the standby rotation member 78 is rotated to the standby position, and constitutes an annular guide groove. An auxiliary guide groove 786 is formed in the standby rotation member 78. The auxiliary guide groove 786 is for guiding the engaging protrusion 796 provided on the placement side rotation member 79 at the standby position. When the mounting side holding member 81 is rotated to the upper end position, the engaging protrusion 796 engages with the auxiliary guide groove 786, whereby the mounting side holding member 81 can maintain a horizontal posture.
[0053]
As described above, the vertical position of the mounting-side clamping member 81 is set so that the locking projection 801 of the mounting-side mounting member 80 is positioned between the two locking grooves 794 and 795 on the rear surface of the mounting-side rotating member 79. By selectively locking the crab, two vertical positions can be arbitrarily selected. Then, by mounting the mounting side mounting member 80 upside down, the mounting side clamping member 81 can be mounted at a further upper position. The placement-side clamping member 81b indicated by a two-dot chain line indicates the attached state.
[0054]
Next, the operation of the reversing device 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. The main spindle moving type vertical machine tool 1 performs processing on the other end surface side by reversing the workpiece W by the reversing device 7 after the first step processing, which is processing on one end surface side of the workpiece W, is completed. A second process is performed. FIG. 8A shows a state of the reversing device 7 while the main spindle moving type vertical machine tool 1 is performing a machining operation. The opposing side clamping member 84 has moved to the standby position, and the placement side clamping member 81 is turned to the upper end position and is in an inverted state. When the main spindle moving type vertical machine tool 1 finishes the first process machining of the workpiece W, the rotary actuator 76 of the reversing device 7 is driven in the forward direction (or the reverse direction) and mounted as shown in FIG. The placement side clamping member 81 is rotated to the lower end position (placement position).
[0055]
Next, the head stock 4 is moved to move the workpiece W gripped by the chuck 6 to the position of the placement-side clamping member 81, and the workpiece W is placed on the placement-side clamping member 81 as shown in FIG. Place on top. Then, after moving the headstock 4 to an upper position where it does not interfere with the reversing device 7, the opposing side clamping member 84 is rotated to the clamping position, and the workpiece W is placed on the placement side clamping member as shown in FIG. 9 (d). 81 and the opposing clamping member 84. Next, as shown in FIG. 9E, the rotary actuator 76 is driven in the reverse direction (or forward direction), and the workpiece W clamped by the mounting side clamping member 81 and the opposing side clamping member 84 is inverted up and down. . At this time, since the workpiece W is restricted by the restricting member 842 from moving in the direction orthogonal to the clamping direction, there is no possibility that the workpiece W will fall or move its position.
[0056]
Next, the mounting side clamping member 81 in the clamping position is rotated to the standby position, the spindle stock 4 is moved, and the workpiece W is gripped by the chuck 6. Since the workpiece W is reversed and the end face side after the first process machining is gripped, the second process machining on the unmachined end face side is subsequently performed. FIG. 10F shows a state in which the workpiece W is gripped by the chuck 6 and moved to the machining position. Thereafter, the mounting side clamping member 81 is returned to the clamping position as shown in FIG. 10G, and the rotary actuator 76 is driven in the forward direction (or the reverse direction) as shown in FIG. The positions of the side clamping member 81 and the opposing side clamping member 84 are reversed.
[0057]
Furthermore, if the opposing side clamping member 84 is moved to the standby position and the placement side clamping member 81 is turned to the upper end position to be in an inverted state, the reversing device 7 is in the in-process state as shown in FIG. Become. With the reversing device 7 in the machining state, the workpiece W is processed in the second step by the spindle moving vertical machine tool 1. When the second step machining is completed, the head stock 4 is moved into the workpiece transfer area 18 to perform the operation of passing the machined workpiece W to the workpiece placing unit 32, and further, the unmachined workpiece is transferred to the workpiece. The operation of receiving from the placement unit 32 is performed. The above operations are repeated to continuously process the workpiece.
[0058]
As described above, since the workpiece can be reversed by the reversing device 7 and the first process machining and the second process machining can be performed continuously, the machine tool can be automatically operated over a long period of time. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the setup change work and the like, improve the operating rate of the machine tool, and reduce the machining cost. Moreover, since the opposing side clamping member 84 includes the regulating member 842, the workpiece does not fall during the reversing operation. For this reason, there is no need to unnecessarily increase the force for clamping the workpiece, and the reversing device can be miniaturized. As the workpiece to be reversed, it can be applied to a wide range of workpieces from small to large and heavy.
[0059]
Furthermore, since both the opposing side clamping member 84 and the placement side clamping member 81 can move to the standby position, it is possible to transfer the workpiece by a normal chuck, which is suitable for the spindle moving type vertical machine tool 1. Can be used as a device.
[0060]
In the above embodiment, a vertical lathe has been described as an example of a spindle moving vertical machine tool. However, in addition to a vertical lathe, other arbitrary machine tools such as a turning center, a grinding machine, and a machining center can be used. Is also applicable. Moreover, although the regulating member in the reversing device is provided on the opposing side clamping member, the regulating member may be provided on the mounting side clamping member, and the regulating member may be provided on the opposing side clamping member and the mounting side clamping member. You may make it provide in both. Further, the regulating member is not limited to one that engages with the outer peripheral side of the workpiece, but may be one that engages with the inner peripheral side of the workpiece.
[0061]
Further, although the reversing device is provided in the machining area, it may be provided outside the machining area such as the workpiece transfer area. That is, as long as the placement side clamping member and the opposite side clamping member are positioned on the movement axis of the main shaft, they may be provided at any position inside or outside the processing region. If the reversing device is installed outside the machining area, cutting scraps or cutting fluid will not be applied to the reversing device even during the machining operation of the machine tool, so there is no need to operate to avoid the influence of cutting waste or cutting fluid. Become. Further, the reversing device may be supported by another surface of the bed (such as a wall surface on the front bed side), a bracket, a work feeder main body, or the like.
[0062]
In addition, an actuator (cylinder) that moves the mounting-side clamping member and the opposing-side clamping member of the reversing device to the standby position is provided in common to both the clamping members, but the mounting-side clamping member and the opposing-side clamping member are in the standby position. Actuators that rotate or move to each other may be provided separately. That is, any reversing device may be used as long as the mounting-side holding member or the opposing-side holding member that has moved to the side facing the chuck can move to a standby position that does not interfere with the chuck or the workpiece during the workpiece transfer operation.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
[0064]
Since the restricting member is provided on at least one of the facing-side holding member and the placement-side holding member, the workpiece does not fall during the reversing operation. For this reason, the force for clamping a workpiece is small, and the reversing device can be miniaturized. As the workpiece to be reversed, it can be applied to a wide range of workpieces from small to large and heavy.
[0065]
Since both the opposing side clamping member and the placement side clamping member can move to the standby position, the workpiece can be exchanged by a normal chuck, and can be used as a reversing device suitable for a spindle moving vertical machine tool.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a spindle moving vertical machine tool to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1 of the spindle movement type vertical machine tool.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a reversing device.
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the reversing device viewed from the right side.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the reversing device viewed from above.
6 is a view of the reversing device as seen from the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an opposing clamping member of the reversing device is in a standby position.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an operation of the inverting device.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the reversing device.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the reversing device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Spindle-moving vertical machine tool
2 ... Machine tool body
3 ... Work feeder
4 ... headstock
5 ... Spindle
6 ... Chuck
7 ... Inversion device
W ... Workpiece
10 ... Bed
11 ... X-axis guide rail
12 ... saddle
13 ... X-axis feed screw
14 ... Nut
17 ... Machining area
18 ... Work transfer area
20 ... Servo motor for X axis
21 ... Turret
22 ... Machining tools
23 ... Tool post
24 ... Z-axis guide rail
25 ... Slide body
30 ... Work feeder body
31 ... Rotating disc
32. Workpiece placement section
61 ... Splash guard
71 ... Lateral support member
72. Vertical support member
73 ... Cylinder support member
75 ... Cylinder
76 ... Rotary actuator
77 ... Reversing device body
78 ... Standing rotation member
79 .. Placement side rotating member
80: Mounting side mounting member
81: Mounting side clamping member
82 ... Opposite side rotating member
83 ... Opposite side mounting member
84 ... Opposite side clamping member
842 ... Restricting member

Claims (6)

A body (77) that can be attached to the machine tool (1) or installed in the vicinity of the machine tool (1);
A mounting-side clamping member (81) provided rotatably with respect to the main body (77) and capable of mounting a workpiece;
The workpiece mounted on the mounting-side clamping member (81) is provided in front of the mounting-side clamping member (81) so as to be rotatable with respect to the main body (77). An opposing side clamping member (84) capable of cooperating and clamping with the placement side clamping member (81);
Provided in at least one of the placement side clamping member (81) and the opposing side clamping member (84), and orthogonal to the opposing direction of the placement side clamping member (81) and the opposing side clamping member (84). A regulating member (842) for regulating the movement of the workpiece in the direction to
Reversal drive means (76) for reversing the workpiece by rotating the placing-side clamping member (81) and the opposing-side clamping member (84) which sandwiched the workpiece 180 degrees ;
In a state where the opposing side clamping member (84) is positioned above the placement side clamping member (81), the opposing side clamping member (84) can be moved to a standby position where the workpiece can be transferred. In the state in which the placement side clamping member (81) is positioned above the opposing side clamping member (84), the standby movement means (75,) capable of moving the placement side clamping member (81) to the standby position. 78)
The work reversing device in which the rotational motion for reversing the workpiece of the placement-side clamping member (81) and the opposing-side clamping member (84) is a rotational motion about a horizontal reversal axis. . The workpiece reversing device according to claim 1 ,
The workpiece reversing device, wherein the regulating member (842) is provided so as to be able to engage with an outer peripheral portion or an inner peripheral portion of the workpiece at at least three positions. The workpiece reversing device according to any one of claims 1 and 2 ,
The workpiece reversing device, wherein the regulating member (842) is provided so that its position can be adjusted in the radial direction of the workpiece. The workpiece reversing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
The movement of the placement-side clamping member (81) or the opposing-side clamping member (84) to the standby position is performed by a rotational movement about a horizontal axis perpendicular to the reverse axis. Object reversing device. The workpiece reversing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
  The placement-side clamping member (81) can be rotated to the upper end position where the workpiece mounting surface faces downward in a state where the opposing-side clamping member (84) has moved to the standby position. Workpiece reversing device. The workpiece reversing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
In the machine tool (1), the spindle (5) has a substantially vertical axis, and the workpiece is transferred by a chuck (6) at the tip of the spindle (5).

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