JP4359698B2 - Method for producing repellent - Google Patents

Method for producing repellent Download PDF

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JP4359698B2
JP4359698B2 JP29639299A JP29639299A JP4359698B2 JP 4359698 B2 JP4359698 B2 JP 4359698B2 JP 29639299 A JP29639299 A JP 29639299A JP 29639299 A JP29639299 A JP 29639299A JP 4359698 B2 JP4359698 B2 JP 4359698B2
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Prior art keywords
repellent
fatty acid
film
nylon
cooling
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JP2001114614A (en
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田 徹 岡
部 辰 男 矢
野 拓 三 天
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天野 拓三
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ネズミ、ゴキブリなどを寄せ付けない忌避剤の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、屋内屋外を問わず、計器類や精密機器の配線設備をネズミ、ゴキブリ等が囓るなどの被害によって、それらが故障を起こしたり、更には火災などの災害に至ることもある。これらの原因となるネズミ等を防ぐために、設備類を密封するなどの対策が採られていたり、また忌避剤も使用されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
忌避剤は、忌避に有効な一定濃度の揮発を1〜3ヶ月程度持続させる必要があるが、現状においては4〜5日程度の持続しかできず、十分に効果を発揮しているとはいえない。
【0004】
そこで、本発明者らは、上記問題点に鑑み、従来、鮮度維持剤として使用されていたイソチオシアン酸アリルに着目し、更にその雰囲気を長期間保たせるように検討を重ね、揮発を抑制して透過量を制限できる被覆や包装を施し、さらに被覆や包装を選択して透過量を自在に調整できるのを確認して、本発明を完成させた。本発明の目的は、長期間に渡って有効な濃度の忌避成分の揮散放出を継続できる忌避剤の製造方法を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の請求項の発明は、イソチオシアン酸化合物、またはイソチオシアン酸化合物と、ユーカリプトール、リナロールオキサイド、カンファー、ヘキサナール、シトラールのうち少なくとも1種とをふくむ忌避成分を、脂肪酸、脂肪酸アミド、蝋のうち少なくとも1種の加熱融解液に溶解し、該溶解液二酸化珪素、ゼオライト、セピオライトのうち少なくとも1種に加えて含浸させた後、冷却することを特徴とする忌避剤の製造方法である。
【0006】
本発明の請求項の発明は、前記冷却後、ポリオレフィン、ナイロン、有孔ナイロン/ポリエチレンラミネートフィルム、有孔ポリエステル/ポリエチレンラミネートフィルムのうち少なくとも1種のフィルムで包装する前記忌避剤の製造方法である。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。本発明の忌避剤の製造方法における、忌避効果を有するイソチオシアン酸化合物等の忌避成分と、脂肪酸、脂肪酸アミド、蝋(以下、脂肪酸または脂肪酸誘導物質という)とには、80〜110℃の範囲で溶解性が高く、温度が低下するに従って溶解性が少なくなる性質がある。
【0008】
本発明の忌避剤の製造方法は、まず、100℃程度で上記忌避成分と、脂肪酸または脂肪酸誘導物質とを完全に溶解させる。この溶解液をセピオライトなどの鉱物の担体と混合して含浸させると、溶解液は鉱物に添着される。次に、これを冷却する。図1は、この冷却工程における、本発明の一例を示す粒子の断面模式図であり、1は内部にイソチオシアン酸アリルが高濃度で含まれる鉱物、2は脂肪酸または脂肪酸誘導物質である。冷却によって、脂肪酸または脂肪酸誘導物質2は、忌避成分よりも融点が高いため、図1のように忌避剤粒子の外側から凝固していく。それにつれて忌避成分のイソチオシアン酸アリルは内部に移行して、忌避剤粒子の中心部ほど、鉱物の内部になるほど忌避成分の濃度が高くなるためイソチオシアン酸アリルは鉱物により吸着または担持され、また脂肪酸または脂肪酸誘導物質2がカプセル状態となって表面を取り囲んでイソチオシアン酸アリルを被覆する。これにより、忌避剤粒子は適度な揮散性を有するようになる。更にこの粒子を適度な透過性を持ったフィルム(図示せず)で包装することにより3ヶ月程度の透過性を維持できるようになる。
【0009】
本発明の製造方法で製造される忌避剤に含有される、忌避効果を有する成分、すなわち、イソチオシアン酸アリル(CH=CHCHNCS、以下、AITという)等のイソチオシアン酸化合物は、わさびやからしに含まれる揮発性の高い水に難溶性の液体であり、魚肉類、畜産類の鮮度保持剤の有効成分として知られている。イソチオシアン酸化合物は、AIT(イソチオシアン酸アリル)、イソチオシアン酸ブチルまたはその誘導体等が例示されるが、AITが特に好ましい。これらイソチオシアン酸化合物は、天然品、合成品のいずれであっても良い。更に、これらを有効成分として含有するわさび抽出物、からし抽出物であっても良い。
【0010】
忌避成分は、イソチオシアン酸化合物単独でも良く、その他の、ユーカリプトール、リナロールオキサイド、カンファー、ヘキサナール、シトラールの忌避成分群のうち1種以上と混合させても良い。このように混合させると相乗的に忌避効果が増加する。その混合比率は、イソチオシアン酸化合物1に対して上記の忌避成分群は0.1〜5倍が好ましく、より好ましくは0.5〜2倍である。忌避成分群から2種以上を複合して用いる場合でも比率は同様である。また、上記で挙げた忌避成分以外の忌避成分を含有してもよい。なお、混合比率は重量比とし、以下同様とする。
【0011】
上記イソチオシアン酸化合物を含む忌避成分は、脂肪酸または脂肪酸誘導物質と混合される。脂肪酸としては、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸等炭素数が15以上のものが好ましい。脂肪酸誘導物質としては、バレルアミド、ラウルアミド、ベルシトアミド、ステアルアミド、オレアミド等融点が70℃以上の脂肪酸アミドが好ましく、また、蜜蝋、植物性蝋(例えばカルナバ蝋)等の融点60℃以上の蝋が好ましい。これらは1種でもまたは2種以上の混合物でもよい。忌避成分1に対し脂肪酸または脂肪酸誘導物質0.5〜20倍の比率が好ましく、より好ましくは1〜1.5倍である。
【0012】
さらに忌避剤の核となる鉱物としては、二酸化珪素、ゼオライト、セピオライト等が挙げられる。鉱物の形状は、粒状、顆粒状の他、必要に応じて適宜成形しても良い。忌避成分と脂肪酸または脂肪酸誘導物質が100℃程度で完全に溶解した溶解液は、上記鉱物のうちの少なくとも1種に混合され、含浸される。鉱物1に対し脂肪酸または脂肪酸誘導物質0.1〜10倍の比率が好ましく、より好ましくは0.5〜1.5倍である。このように上記溶解液を鉱物と混合して、鉱物に添着させた後、冷却すると、上述した作用により忌避成分は、鉱物により吸着又は担持され、脂肪酸または脂肪酸誘導物質により被覆される。冷却速度は、組成や生産性によって適宜選択される。
【0013】
更に揮発性をコントロールするため、忌避剤はフィルムにより包装される。フィルムはポリオレフィン、ナイロン、有孔ナイロン/ポリエチレンラミネートフィルム、有孔ポリエステル/ポリエチレンラミネートフィルム等が例示され、特に有孔ナイロン/ポリエチレンラミネートフィルムが好ましい。これらのうち少なくとも1種のフィルムを使用する。また、フィルムの透過性は、1〜200ml/m/24Hatmのものが好ましく、特に50〜100ml/m/24Hatmが好ましい。上記した忌避成分と脂肪酸または脂肪酸誘導物質、鉱物との比率等の被覆条件、フィルム透過性等の包装条件を選択すれば、忌避成分の透過量すなわち徐放濃度、徐放期間を自在にコントロールでき、多岐にわたって応用することができる。
【0014】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を、実施例を挙げて説明する。
(実施例1)
AIT 15g、ユーカリプトール 5g、カルナバ蝋 30gを容器に入れ、攪拌を続けながら加熱し、100℃まで上昇させ、完全に溶解させた。次に別の容器に焼成したセピオライト 50gを入れ、激しく攪拌しながら前記加熱溶解した混合液を加え、添着させた。次いでこれを20〜30℃まで冷却して固化させて粒状物質を得た。この粒状物質を、有孔ナイロン10μm/ポリエチレン40μmラミネートフィルム(5×7cm、透過性 50ml/m/24Hatm)の袋に5g充填し密封した。これをサンプルとして、以下の忌避テストに供した。
【0015】
(忌避テスト方法)
供試動物:クマネズミ(Rattus rattu)、成獣5個体(雄3、雌2、体重142〜165g)、横浜駅周辺のビルから採集し、温度21〜24℃、湿度30〜70%の室内環境下で飼育中の個体を用いた。
試験方法:両端を餌場に、中央部分を巣場所にした実験用装置(図2参照)内に、クマネズミを1個体放した。図2は、実験用装置の平面模式図であり、餌場A、B中、○は餌、□は水を示す。数日後、クマネズミが両餌場(いずれも広さ0.064m(40×40×40cm))に通うことを確認し、その後、一方の餌場内にサンプルを配置し、原則として1日後に両餌場A、Bの摂食量を測定した。試験系としては、次の通りであった。ネズミがどちらかの餌場を選択できる状態で、一方の餌場にサンプルを配置して相対的忌避効力の有無を検討し、その効力が認められた場合、サンプルの配置場所を入れ替えた。以上の試験で相対して忌避効力が認められた場合、サンプルを配置した餌場にのみ餌を配置し、絶対的忌避効力の有無を検討した。これを、テスト開始から30日間の間行った。なお、両餌場には、1日当たり、餌として粉末飼料(オリエンタル酵母工業社製、MF)を20g、水を150ミリリットルずつ配置し、サンプルから徐放される有効成分の漏出をできるだけ少なくするためにネズミ用の出入り口(2×4cm)を除いて餌場を密閉した。
テスト結果: 良好(30日目でも、相対的忌避効果、絶対的忌避効果のいずれも認められる)。
【0016】
(実施例2〜実施例4、比較例1)
表1の実施例2〜実施例4に示す組成とした以外は実施例1と同様にして、サンプルを作製して忌避テストに供した。また、比較例1として、忌避剤を用いずに忌避テストに供した(ブランク)。テスト結果を表1に併記する。
【0017】
【表1】

Figure 0004359698
【0018】
(実施例5)
実施例1で得られたサンプルを3×7×0.5cm、透過性 100ml/m/24Hatm)のカセットに10g充填し密封した。これをAITカセットサンプルとして、以下の徐放テストに供した。1リットルビーカー(容量1.3リットル)にAITカセットサンプルを1個入れ、市販のラップフィルムを貼って密封し、1時間当たりのAIT放出量を測定した。なお、実験中サンプル及びビーカーは10℃に保冷しておいた。8ヶ月後までの、サンプル数n=4での平均AIT放出量を表2に示す。このデータから、60リットル中で3年後の予測ラインを換算すると、上限値は0.56ppm、下限値は0.35ppmであり、3年間有効に徐放し続けると推察できる。
【0019】
【表2】
Figure 0004359698
【0020】
【発明の効果】
以上、説明したように、本発明によれば、長期間に渡って有効量の忌避成分の揮散放出を継続できる。また、忌避成分の徐放濃度、徐放期間を自在に調整可能であり、多岐に応用できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の忌避剤の一例の断面模式図である。
【図2】本発明の実施例に使用する実験用装置の平面模式図である。
【符号の説明】
1 AITを含む鉱物
2 脂肪酸又は脂肪酸誘導物質[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a repellent that keeps rats, cockroaches and the like away.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, whether it is indoors or outdoors, the damage of mice and cockroaches, etc., to the wiring facilities of instruments and precision instruments, can cause them to malfunction or even cause a fire or other disaster. In order to prevent rats and the like that cause these problems, measures such as sealing facilities are taken, and repellents are also used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although repellents need to maintain a certain concentration of volatilization effective for repelling for about 1 to 3 months, at present, they can only last for about 4 to 5 days and are sufficiently effective. Absent.
[0004]
Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present inventors have focused on allyl isothiocyanate, which has been conventionally used as a freshness maintenance agent, and further studied to maintain the atmosphere for a long period of time, thereby suppressing volatilization. The present invention was completed by confirming that the amount of permeation could be freely adjusted by applying a coating or packaging capable of limiting the amount of permeation, and further selecting the coating or packaging. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a repellent capable of continuing the volatilization and release of a repellent component having an effective concentration over a long period.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, an isothiocyanic acid compound or an isothiocyanic acid compound and at least one of eucalyptol, linalool oxide, camphor, hexanal, and citral are used as a repellent component including fatty acid, fatty acid amide, wax at least one dissolved in heated and melted liquid, silicon dioxide and lysis solution, the zeolite is impregnated in addition to at least one of sepiolite, is the manufacturing method of the repellent, characterized in that cooling of the .
[0006]
Invention of Claim 2 of this invention is the manufacturing method of the said repellent which packages with at least 1 sort (s) of a polyolefin, nylon, a perforated nylon / polyethylene laminated film, and a perforated polyester / polyethylene laminated film after the said cooling. is there.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, although an embodiment of the present invention is described, the present invention is not limited to this. In the method for producing a repellent of the present invention, repellent components such as isothiocyanate compounds having a repellent effect and fatty acids, fatty acid amides and waxes (hereinafter referred to as fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives) are in the range of 80 to 110 ° C. The solubility is high and the solubility decreases as the temperature decreases.
[0008]
In the method for producing a repellent of the present invention, first, the repellent component and the fatty acid or fatty acid derivative are completely dissolved at about 100 ° C. When this solution is mixed and impregnated with a mineral carrier such as sepiolite, the solution is attached to the mineral. Next, it is cooled. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a particle showing an example of the present invention in this cooling step, wherein 1 is a mineral containing allyl isothiocyanate at a high concentration therein, and 2 is a fatty acid or a fatty acid derivative. By cooling, the fatty acid or the fatty acid derivative 2 has a higher melting point than the repellent component, and thus solidifies from the outside of the repellent particles as shown in FIG. As the repellent component allyl isothiocyanate migrates to the inside, the concentration of the repellent component increases toward the center of the repellent particles and the inside of the mineral, so that allyl isothiocyanate is adsorbed or supported by the mineral, The fatty acid derivative 2 is encapsulated and surrounds the surface to coat allyl isothiocyanate. Thereby, the repellent particles have an appropriate volatility. Further, by wrapping the particles with a film (not shown) having an appropriate permeability, the permeability for about 3 months can be maintained.
[0009]
A component having a repellent effect, that is, an isothiocyanate compound such as allyl isothiocyanate (CH 2 = CHCH 2 NCS, hereinafter referred to as AIT), contained in the repellent produced by the production method of the present invention, It is a liquid that is sparingly soluble in highly volatile water, and is known as an active ingredient of a freshness-preserving agent for fish and livestock. Examples of the isothiocyanate compound include AIT (allyl isothiocyanate), butyl isothiocyanate, and derivatives thereof, but AIT is particularly preferable. These isothiocyanic acid compounds may be natural products or synthetic products. Furthermore, it may be a wasabi extract or mustard extract containing these as active ingredients.
[0010]
The repellent component may be an isothiocyanate compound alone, or may be mixed with one or more of the other repellent component groups of eucalyptol, linalool oxide, camphor, hexanal, and citral. When mixed in this way, the repellent effect increases synergistically. The mixing ratio of the repellent component group is preferably 0.1 to 5 times, more preferably 0.5 to 2 times that of the isothiocyanate compound 1. The ratio is the same even when two or more of the repellent component groups are used in combination. Moreover, you may contain repellent components other than the repellent component mentioned above. The mixing ratio is a weight ratio, and so on.
[0011]
The repellent component containing the isothiocyanate compound is mixed with a fatty acid or a fatty acid derivative. As the fatty acid, those having 15 or more carbon atoms such as myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid are preferable. The fatty acid derivative is preferably a fatty acid amide having a melting point of 70 ° C. or higher, such as barrel amide, lauramide, versitoamide, stearamide, oleamide, or a wax having a melting point of 60 ° C. or higher, such as beeswax or vegetable wax (for example, carnauba wax). These may be one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds. The ratio of the fatty acid or the fatty acid derivative 0.5 to 20 times with respect to the repellent component 1 is preferable, and more preferably 1 to 1.5 times.
[0012]
Further, examples of the mineral that serves as the core of the repellent include silicon dioxide, zeolite, and sepiolite. The shape of the mineral may be appropriately shaped as necessary in addition to granular and granular shapes. A solution in which the repellent component and the fatty acid or fatty acid derivative are completely dissolved at about 100 ° C. is mixed and impregnated with at least one of the above minerals. The ratio of the fatty acid or fatty acid-derived substance 0.1 to 10 times that of the mineral 1 is preferable, and more preferably 0.5 to 1.5 times. When the solution is mixed with the mineral and added to the mineral in this way and then cooled, the repellent component is adsorbed or supported by the mineral and covered with the fatty acid or the fatty acid derivative by the above-described action. The cooling rate is appropriately selected depending on the composition and productivity.
[0013]
In addition, the repellent is packaged with a film to control volatility. Examples of the film include polyolefin, nylon, perforated nylon / polyethylene laminate film, perforated polyester / polyethylene laminate film and the like, and perforated nylon / polyethylene laminate film is particularly preferable. Of these, at least one film is used. Further, transparency of the film is preferably a 1~200ml / m 2 / 24Hatm, particularly 50~100ml / m 2 / 24Hatm preferred. By selecting the coating conditions such as the ratio of the above repellent ingredients and fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives, minerals, etc., and the packaging conditions such as film permeability, the permeation amount of the repellent ingredients, that is, the sustained release concentration and the sustained release period can be freely controlled. Can be applied in a wide variety of ways.
[0014]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
(Example 1)
AIT 15 g, eucalyptol 5 g, and carnauba wax 30 g were placed in a container, heated while continuing to stir, raised to 100 ° C., and completely dissolved. Next, 50 g of the baked sepiolite was put in another container, and the mixed solution heated and dissolved was added with vigorous stirring, followed by attachment. Next, this was cooled to 20-30 ° C. and solidified to obtain a granular material. The particulate material, perforated nylon 10 [mu] m / polyethylene 40μm laminated film (5 × 7 cm, permeability 50ml / m 2 / 24Hatm) was then 5g filled sealed bag. This was used as a sample for the following repellent test.
[0015]
(Repellent test method)
Test animals: Rattus rattu, 5 adults (3 males, 2 females, 142 to 165 g body weight), collected from buildings around Yokohama Station, in an indoor environment with a temperature of 21 to 24 ° C. and a humidity of 30 to 70% The individual being bred was used.
Test method: One rat was released in an experimental apparatus (see FIG. 2) with both ends serving as a feeding ground and the central portion serving as a nest. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the experimental apparatus. In the feeding stations A and B, ◯ indicates food and □ indicates water. A few days later, it was confirmed that the rats were going to both feeding stations (both 0.064 m 2 (40 × 40 × 40 cm) in size), and then samples were placed in one feeding station. The amount of food intake in feeding areas A and B was measured. The test system was as follows. With the rat being able to select either feed station, the sample was placed in one of the feed stations to examine the presence or absence of the relative repellent effect. If the effect was observed, the sample placement location was changed. When repellent efficacy was recognized in the above test, food was placed only at the food place where the sample was placed, and the presence or absence of absolute repellent efficacy was examined. This was done for 30 days from the start of the test. In both feed stations, 20g of powdered feed (Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd., MF) is placed as feed per day, and 150ml of water is placed in order to minimize the leakage of the active ingredients released from the sample as much as possible. The food area was sealed except for the mouse entrance (2 × 4 cm).
Test results: Good (both 30 days, both relative and absolute repellent effects are observed).
[0016]
(Examples 2 to 4, Comparative Example 1)
Samples were prepared and subjected to a repelling test in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compositions shown in Examples 2 to 4 of Table 1 were used. Further, as Comparative Example 1, a repellent test was performed without using a repellent (blank). The test results are also shown in Table 1.
[0017]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004359698
[0018]
(Example 5)
The obtained sample 3 × 7 × 0.5 cm in Example 1, was 10g filled and sealed in transparent 100ml / m 2 / 24Hatm) of the cassette. This was used as an AIT cassette sample for the following sustained release test. One AIT cassette sample was put into a 1 liter beaker (capacity: 1.3 liters), a commercially available wrap film was attached and sealed, and the amount of AIT released per hour was measured. During the experiment, the sample and beaker were kept cold at 10 ° C. Table 2 shows the average amount of AIT released up to 8 months after the number of samples n = 4. From this data, when the predicted line after 3 years in 60 liters is converted, the upper limit value is 0.56 ppm and the lower limit value is 0.35 ppm.
[0019]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004359698
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, volatilization and release of an effective amount of repellent components can be continued over a long period of time. Moreover, the sustained release concentration and the sustained release period of the repellent component can be freely adjusted, and can be applied in various ways.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a repellent of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of an experimental apparatus used in an example of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Minerals containing AIT 2 Fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives

Claims (2)

イソチオシアン酸化合物、またはイソチオシアン酸化合物と、ユーカリプトール、リナロールオキサイド、カンファー、ヘキサナール、シトラールのうち少なくとも1種とをふくむ忌避成分を、脂肪酸、脂肪酸アミド、蝋のうち少なくとも1種の加熱融解液に溶解し、該溶解液二酸化珪素、ゼオライト、セピオライトのうち少なくとも1種に加えて含浸させた後、冷却することを特徴とする忌避剤の製造方法。A repellent component including an isothiocyanate compound or an isothiocyanate compound and at least one of eucalyptol, linalool oxide, camphor, hexanal, and citral is added to at least one heating melt of fatty acid, fatty acid amide, and wax. dissolved, after the dissolution liquid silicon dioxide, zeolites, impregnated in addition to at least one of sepiolite, the manufacturing method of the repellent agent characterized by cooling. 前記冷却後、ポリオレフィン、ナイロン、有孔ナイロン/ポリエチレンラミネートフィルム、有孔ポリエステル/ポリエチレンラミネートフィルムのうち少なくとも1種のフィルムで包装する請求項記載の忌避剤の製造方法。After the cooling, polyolefin, nylon, perforated nylon / polyethylene laminated film, at least one process according to claim 1, wherein the repellent packaged in a film of perforated polyester / polyethylene laminate film.
JP29639299A 1999-10-19 1999-10-19 Method for producing repellent Expired - Fee Related JP4359698B2 (en)

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JP4974668B2 (en) * 2006-12-27 2012-07-11 アース製薬株式会社 Mouse repellent
GB2482900B (en) * 2010-08-19 2016-04-13 Exosect Ltd Delivery of compositions to arthropods
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