JP4359528B2 - Artificial tooth root and artificial tooth root manufacturing system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an artificial tooth root and an artificial tooth root manufacturing system.

  Dental implants are used to hold superstructures (metal crowns, ceramic crowns, etc.). FIG. 14A shows an example of the structure of a conventional dental implant. A dental implant 2 shown in FIG. 14A includes an abutment 3 for coupling to the superstructure 1 and a substantially cylindrical fixture 4 for embedding in the alveolar bone 5.

  In order to hold the superstructure 1 using such a dental implant 2, for example, the alveolar bone 5 after extraction is first adapted to the shape of the fixture 4 by using a tool such as a drill or a reamer. The implant cavity 6 can be drilled. After the fixture 4 is embedded in the implant cavity 6 and fused with the alveolar bone 5 with a predetermined healing period, the upper structure 1 is put on the abutment 3 and bonded. By using the dental implant 2, the upper structure 1 can be fixed to the alveolar bone 5 even when natural teeth are lost.

  On the other hand, a method of creating bone tissue using a GBR (guided bone regeneration) or the like in a root holding part (extraction fossa) of an alveolar bone that has become a cavity after extraction is known. FIG. 15 is a view for explaining a method of creating a bone tissue in the root holding part of the alveolar bone using the GBR method.

  In this method, a bone-like substitute 8 such as autologous bone or hydroxyapatite 8 is packed in the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 after extraction and supported by a titanium plate or the like so as to cover the surface. Cover with bone (not shown) and GBR membrane 9. At this time, the end of the GBR film 9 is sandwiched between the outer wall of the alveolar bone 5 and the inside of the gingiva 10. By doing in this way, the epithelial cell of the gingiva 10 whose regeneration speed is larger than that of the osteoblast of the alveolar bone 5 is prevented from entering the root holding part 7, and only the bone tissue is contained in the root holding part 7. Can be played. By setting a predetermined healing period in this state, a bone tissue is created in the root holding part 7. By using such a bone tissue preparation method, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dry sockets due to the extraction fossa exposure and the thinning of the alveolar bone 5 after extraction. By preventing the alveolar bone 5 from thinning, it is possible to prevent thinning of the gingiva, maintain the appearance, and properly maintain the dentures.

  In the method using the dental implant 2 described above, as shown in FIG. 14A, it is necessary to drill an implant cavity 6 that matches the shape of the fixture 4 in the alveolar bone 5 using a tool such as a drill. This causes various problems.

  First, since most of the cortical bone 5a with high bone density is removed by drilling the implant cavity 6, the fixture 4 must be held with cancellous bone 5b with low bone density. In particular, when the bone density of the cancellous bone 5b is low, it is not easy to obtain a holding force equivalent to that of a natural tooth (not shown) held by the cortical bone 5a.

  2ndly, when the alveolar bone 5 is thin, as shown to FIG. 14B, there exists a possibility that the alveolar bone 5 may be torn by drilling the implant fossa 6 (displayed with a dashed-dotted line). In such a case, it is possible to create the alveolar bone 5 using the GBR method or the like before or after the event so as to swell the torn portion (which will be torn). Not only will it impose a time and economic burden, but the raised reclaimed part will push up the gums and impair the appearance.

  Thirdly, in order to fuse the fixture 4 to the alveolar bone 5 quickly, it is necessary to fix the fixture 4 so that both do not move in the initial stage after implantation, but the implant cavity 6 has a substantially cylindrical inner surface shape. In particular, it is difficult to block the movement of the fixture 4 in the rotational direction.

  Fourthly, in order to pierce the implant cavity 6 suitable for the fixture 4, generally, a large number of dedicated tools and measuring tools are required for each manufacturer. For this reason, in order to deal with any alveolar bone 5, any size (thickness, length), type (cylindrical type, stepped type, threaded type, etc.) A large number of dedicated tools, measuring tools, etc. must be provided, and these must be used properly, which places a heavy burden on the dentist.

  Fifth, when drilling the implant cavity 6, there is a risk that the inferior alveolar nerve may be accidentally damaged and lead to nerve palsy, or the implant cavity 6 may reach the maxillary sinus and cause maxillary sinusitis.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of such conventional dental implants and to provide an artificial tooth root that does not need to pierce the implant cavity, a manufacturing method thereof, and a manufacturing system.

  Moreover, the method (refer FIG. 15) which produces | generates a bone tissue in the tooth root holding | maintenance part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 using the above-mentioned GBR method has a high degree of difficulty of treatment, and requires training. Furthermore, since a healing period of about 6 to 7 months is required for the creation of bone tissue, during that time, it is not possible to mold for making a denture (bed denture). For this reason, there existed a problem that completion of dentures took time.

  The present invention also solves the problem of the method of creating bone tissue in the root holding portion of the alveolar bone using the conventional GBR method, and does not require training, and the root of the alveolar bone in a short period of time. It is an object of the present invention to provide an artificial tooth root that can form a bone tissue in a holding portion, a manufacturing method thereof, and a manufacturing system.

  In short, an object of the present invention is to provide an artificial tooth root, a manufacturing method thereof, and a manufacturing system capable of performing various treatments without imposing an excessive time burden or other burden on a patient or a dentist.

The present invention relates to an artificial tooth root manufacturing system, a three-dimensional scanner for acquiring measurement data substantially including three-dimensional shape information of an alveolar bone root holding portion, and an alveolar cavity based on measurement data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner A processing data generation unit that generates processing data including three-dimensional model information of an artificial tooth having a shape corresponding to the tooth root holding unit of the bone, and an artificial tooth root based on the processing data generated by the processing data generation unit And a three-dimensional processing device for molding.

  The present invention also relates to an artificial tooth root, and is characterized by having a three-dimensional shape corresponding to the three-dimensional shape of the root holding part of the alveolar bone.

  The features of the present invention can be broadly shown as described above, but the configuration and contents thereof, together with the objects and features, will be further clarified by the following disclosure in view of the drawings.

The artificial tooth root manufacturing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is based on a three-dimensional scanner that acquires measurement data substantially including three-dimensional shape information of a root holding portion of an alveolar bone, and measurement data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner. A processing data generation unit that generates processing data including three-dimensional model information of an artificial tooth having a shape corresponding to the root holding unit of the alveolar bone, and an artificial tooth root based on the processing data generated by the processing data generation unit And a three-dimensional processing device for forming the.

The artificial tooth roots according to claims 5 to 8 have a three-dimensional shape corresponding to the three-dimensional shape of the root holding part of the alveolar bone.

That is, with the artificial tooth root manufacturing system and the artificial tooth root according to claims 1 to 8 , an artificial tooth root having a three-dimensional shape corresponding to the three-dimensional shape of the root holding portion of the alveolar bone can be obtained. Therefore, for example, by using this artificial tooth root as a fixture for a dental implant, a dental implant can be implanted in the alveolar bone without drilling the implant cavity.

  As a result, cortical bone having a high bone density is preserved, and the dental implant is supported by the cortical bone. For this reason, irrespective of the bone density of the cancellous bone, it is possible to easily obtain a holding force equivalent to that of a natural tooth. Further, even when the alveolar bone is thin, there is no need to perform bone formation by the GBR method or the like for reinforcement and repair. For this reason, it does not impose a time and economical burden on the patient, and the appearance is not impaired by the deformation of the gingiva due to bone formation. In addition, since the root holding part of the alveolar bone is generally non-circular in cross-sectional shape, it becomes impossible to rotate when the dental implant is embedded in the root holding part. For this reason, it is easy to obtain initial fixation between the alveolar bone and the dental implant, and early fusion of both is possible. Further, any alveolar bone state can be dealt with without providing a huge number of dedicated tools, measuring tools and the like. For this reason, the burden on the dentist can be reduced. Further, since there is no need to drill the implant cavity, the danger associated with this can be avoided.

In the artificial tooth root manufacturing system according to claim 1 , the root holding part of the alveolar bone is constituted by a plurality of tooth root holding holes for holding one tooth, and the artificial tooth root holds at least one of the plurality of tooth root holding holes. A main tooth root having a shape substantially inverted from the shape of the hole, and an auxiliary tooth root having a shape obtained by inverting only a part of the shape of another root holding hole, Features.

In the artificial tooth root of Claim 5, the main tooth root part which has the shape which reversed the shape of at least one tooth root holding hole among a plurality of tooth root holding holes which constitute the tooth root holding part of an alveolar bone, and other tooth roots And an auxiliary tooth root having a shape obtained by inverting only a part of the shape of the holding hole.

That is, the artificial tooth root manufacturing system and the artificial tooth root of claims 1 and 5 indicate that the present invention can be applied to a tooth having a plurality of tooth roots.

  That is, in the case of a tooth having a plurality of roots such as molars, since the roots are generally grown in different directions, if the artificial tooth root has a shape that is the entire shape of the root holding hole inverted, the original root holding part It becomes impossible to insert. Therefore, for the auxiliary tooth root part, by making only a part of the shape of the tooth root holding hole inverted, the contact area with the tooth root holding part is ensured as much as possible, and when inserted into the original tooth root holding part, The part which becomes becomes the structure which becomes. The main root portion can be determined by, for example, the insertion direction calculated from the positional relationship with the surrounding remaining teeth and / or the surface area of the root.

The artificial tooth root manufacturing system according to claim 2 is characterized in that the artificial tooth root is formed by being divided into a plurality of element tooth root parts that can be inserted separately into the tooth root holding part of the alveolar bone.

The artificial tooth root according to claim 6 is characterized in that a plurality of element tooth root parts that can be inserted separately into the tooth root holding part of the alveolar bone are provided.

In other words, in the artificial tooth root manufacturing system and the artificial tooth root according to claims 2 and 6, the artificial tooth root is formed by being divided into a plurality of element tooth root portions that can be separately inserted into the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone.

  For this reason, even if a tooth has a plurality of roots, or a tooth composed of only one root, the root of the tooth itself has a cause, such as a tooth whose root is extremely curved. In some cases, including cases where there is a cause in the positional relationship with the remaining tooth, it is impossible to insert into the original root holding part if the artificial tooth root has the shape of the root holding hole reversed in its entirety. Even in such a case, the contact area between the artificial tooth root and the tooth root holding part of the alveolar bone can be ensured to the maximum by forming the artificial tooth root separately and sequentially inserting it into the tooth root holding part.

In the artificial tooth root manufacturing system according to claim 3, the artificial tooth root constitutes a part of the dental implant, and the processing data is a three-dimensional representation of a portion of the dental implant that is substantially embedded in the alveolar bone. The apparatus further comprises a bone growth promotion processing device for performing bone growth promotion processing only on the entire portion of the dental implant that is embedded in the alveolar bone based on the processing data, including model information. And

The artificial dental root of claim 7 is an artificial dental root that constitutes a part of a dental implant, and is characterized in that bone growth promoting treatment is performed only on the entire site to be embedded in the alveolar bone. .

  Since the bone growth promoting treatment is a treatment performed on the dental implant to promote bone fusion in the portion where the dental implant and the alveolar bone are in contact with each other, it is preferably applied as widely as possible. If the bone growth promoting process is applied to the part exposed from the alveolar bone, it becomes a problem because bacteria easily propagate in that part.

In the artificial tooth root manufacturing system and the artificial tooth root according to claim 3 and 7 , the bone growth promotion treatment is performed on all the sites to be embedded in the alveolar bone, and the bone growth promotion is performed on the site exposed from the alveolar bone after the implantation. It is configured not to be processed. For this reason, even if the root holding part of the alveolar bone has an irregular shape, bone fusion with the dental implant can be achieved over the entire root holding part, and the root holding part of the dental implant It is possible to prevent the growth of bacteria in the exposed part.

The artificial tooth root manufacturing system according to claim 4 and the artificial tooth root according to claim 8 are characterized in that the artificial tooth root is made of a bone substitute material.

That is, the artificial tooth root manufacturing system and the artificial tooth root according to claims 4 and 8 show that the artificial tooth root according to the present invention is useful not only as a dental implant but also as a substitute bone.

  That is, it is possible to realize an artificial tooth root, a manufacturing method and a manufacturing system thereof that can form a bone tissue in the root holding part of the alveolar bone in a short period of time without requiring training such as the GBR method. Therefore, for example, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dry sockets due to the extraction fossa exposure and the thinning of the alveolar bone with a simple operation, and the time to complete the dentures when creating bone tissue in the extraction fossa. Can be significantly shortened.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an artificial tooth root manufacturing system 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The artificial root manufacturing system 20 includes a three-dimensional scanner 21, a processing data generation unit 22, a three-dimensional processing device 23, and a bone growth promotion processing device 24.

  The three-dimensional scanner 21 acquires measurement data that substantially includes the three-dimensional shape information of the root holding part of the alveolar bone. Based on the measurement data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner 21, the processing data generation unit 22 generates processing data including three-dimensional model information of the artificial tooth root having a shape corresponding to the root holding part of the alveolar bone. The processing data includes three-dimensional model information that represents a portion of the dental implant that is substantially embedded in the alveolar bone. The three-dimensional processing device 23 forms an artificial tooth root based on the processing data generated by the processing data generation unit 22. Based on the processing data, the bone growth promotion processing device 24 performs the bone growth promotion processing only on the entire portion of the dental implant that is substantially embedded in the alveolar bone.

  The configuration of the three-dimensional scanner 21 is not particularly limited. For example, a cone beam X-ray CT scanner can be used. By using a cone-beam X-ray CT scanner, it is possible to acquire alveolar bone and tooth three-dimensional shape information with high accuracy.

  The configuration of the processing data generation unit 22 is not particularly limited. For example, if the output of the three-dimensional scanner 21 is a two-dimensional slice image such as DICOM, the three-dimensional model is reconstructed and reconstructed. Processing data based on the three-dimensional model is generated. Of course, if the output of the three-dimensional scanner 21 is three-dimensional model information, the processing data can be directly generated based on this.

  The processing data generation unit 22 may be executed on a computer as, for example, independent computer software, and all or part of its functions may be performed by the three-dimensional scanner 21 and / or the three-dimensional processing device 23 and / or bone. You may make it perform with the growth promotion processing apparatus 24. FIG.

  The configuration of the three-dimensional processing apparatus 23 is not particularly limited. For example, if a three-dimensional shape can be formed in accordance with given processing data, for example, using a cutting (grinding) tool or the like, titanium or the like can be used. It may be of a type that cuts out a three-dimensional shape from a bone substitute material such as dental implant material or hydroxyapatite, or may be a type of electric discharge machine, or a photocurable material It may be of a type that forms a three-dimensional shape by irradiation.

  The configuration of the bone growth promoting processing apparatus 24 is not particularly limited. For example, bone growth promotion treatment is directly applied to the site of dental implants in the alveolar bone, or the bone growth promotion treatment is blocked on the whole (or part of) the part exposed from the alveolar bone. After applying the treatment (for example, masking treatment) to the whole (or wider than the site to be embedded in the alveolar bone), or to the whole (or wider than the site to be embedded in the alveolar bone) In addition, there is a type that performs a process of removing a bone growth promoting process at a site exposed from the alveolar bone after performing the bone growth promoting process.

  The bone growth promoting treatment is not particularly limited. For example, a bone-compatible material such as hydroxyapatite may be applied to the surface of the dental implant, or may be driven at a high speed, or the surface of the dental implant may be simply provided with fine irregularities by sandblasting or etching. Good.

  The installation location of each component of the artificial root manufacturing system 20 is not particularly limited. Each component of the artificial root manufacturing system 20 may be installed in one place, for example, a dental clinic, but may be distributed. For example, the three-dimensional scanner 21 (and the processing data generation unit 22) may be installed in each dental clinic, and other components may be installed in an artificial tooth root manufacturing center or the like. In this case, the measurement data and the processing data may be exchanged using a fixed storage medium. However, it is more rapid and preferable if the measurement data and the processing data are exchanged via an electric communication line.

  FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a procedure for manufacturing an artificial tooth root 32 (fixture) of the dental implant 30 shown in FIG. 4A using the artificial tooth root manufacturing system 20. 3A to 4C are drawings for explaining the procedure. A procedure for manufacturing the artificial tooth root 32 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 2, first, measurement data is acquired using the three-dimensional scanner 21 (step S1). The measurement data only needs to substantially include the three-dimensional shape information of the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 shown in FIG. 3A. Therefore, the measurement data may be information that directly represents the three-dimensional shape of the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 or information that represents the three-dimensional shape of the tooth root 12 of the tooth 11 before extraction. In addition, information representing the three-dimensional shape of the periodontal ligament 13 between the tooth 11 and the root holding part 7 may be used. Of course, the information may be a combination of these.

  The measurement data is preferably acquired before tooth extraction, but may be obtained after tooth extraction. When the tooth has already been extracted as shown in FIG. 3B, information directly representing the three-dimensional shape of the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 is collected as measurement data.

  When a cone-beam X-ray CT scanner is used as the three-dimensional scanner 21, the measurement data is expressed as a three-dimensional spatial distribution of X-ray absorption rate (equivalent to bone density) (for example, a cubic unit having a side of about 0.1 mm). Will be expressed.

  Next, based on the measurement data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner 21, processing data for forming the artificial tooth root 32 having a shape corresponding to the tooth root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 is generated (step S2). The processing data includes 3D model information of the artificial tooth root 32. The three-dimensional model information is information that represents a shape obtained by substantially inverting the shape of the tooth root holding portion 7. For example, the measurement data in the vicinity of the tooth root holding portion 7 is binarized with a predetermined threshold value. Predetermined correction processing, for example, inversion processing and / or offset processing and / or interference part removal processing (there is a part (interference part) that becomes an obstacle when the artificial dental root 32 is embedded in the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5) In this case, it is obtained by performing a process of previously removing a portion corresponding to the interference portion in the three-dimensional model. The processing data is generated in the processing data generation unit 22. In addition, it is preferable to set the size of the artificial tooth root 32 so as to be equal to or slightly larger than the size of the tooth root holding portion 7 because it is easy to obtain initial fixation of both.

  Next, based on the generated processing data, the artificial tooth root 32 is formed using the three-dimensional processing device 23 (step S3). In this embodiment, titanium (or a titanium alloy) is used as the dental implant material, and the dental implant material is cut (ground) to form the artificial tooth root 32. In this way, the artificial tooth root 32 having a three-dimensional shape corresponding to the three-dimensional shape of the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 is formed.

  A dental implant 30 having a molded artificial tooth root 32 is shown in FIG. 4A. In this example, the artificial tooth root 32 and the abutment 31 are integrally formed to constitute the dental implant 30. It should be noted that an existing dental implant material on which the abutment 31 is formed may be prepared and only the artificial tooth root 32 may be formed in step S3. However, in step S3, the abutment 31 is formed together with the artificial tooth root 32. You may make it shape | mold. In the latter case, if the measurement data includes three-dimensional shape information of the tooth to be extracted and / or three-dimensional information indicating meshing with other teeth, etc., the optimum dimension is based on these information. This is advantageous because the abutment 31 can be formed.

  In this embodiment, since the bone growth promoting process (described later) is unnecessary, the manufacturing process of the dental implant 30 is completed with this. However, when it is determined that there is a part removed in the above-described interference part removal processing when generating the three-dimensional model information of the artificial tooth root 32, a part corresponding to the removed part of the dental implant 30 It is also possible to configure so as to perform a bone growth promoting process (Step S4 and Step S5).

  When the dental implant 30 is formed in this way, if the tooth 11 to be extracted remains (see FIG. 3A), the tooth 11 is removed and immediately, as shown in FIG. Thirty artificial roots 32 are embedded in the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5. Implanting immediately after tooth extraction shortens the treatment period and reduces the burden on the patient.

  In addition, as described above, various effects caused by not being able to drill the implant cavity, for example, the cortical bone 5a of the root holding portion 7 having a high bone density is preserved, and the artificial root 32 is supported by the cortical bone 5a. Therefore, various effects can be obtained regardless of the bone density of the cancellous bone 5b, such as the ability to easily obtain a holding force equivalent to that of natural teeth.

  After the artificial dental root 32 and the alveolar bone 5 are fused after a predetermined healing period (for example, about 1 to 6 months), as shown in FIG. 4C, the upper structure 1 is put on the abutment 31 and bonded.

  5A to 5C are views for explaining a dental implant 40 having an artificial tooth root 42 according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5B, the dental implant 40 is also formed by integrally forming an abutment 41 and an artificial tooth root 42 with a dental implant material, but the entire site to be embedded in the alveolar bone 5 ( The bone growth promoting process 43 is performed only on a portion indicated by cross-hatching in the drawing.

  The manufacturing method of the dental implant 40 is almost the same as that of the dental implant 30, but the three-dimensional model information representing the portion of the dental implant 40 in which the processing data is substantially embedded in the alveolar bone 5 is used. It differs from the case of the dental implant 30 in that the bone growth promoting process 43 is performed only on the entire portion of the dental implant 40 that is to be implanted in the alveolar bone 5 based on the processing data. .

  The three-dimensional model information that represents the portion of the dental implant 40 that is substantially embedded in the alveolar bone 5 can be obtained from, for example, the three-dimensional shape information of the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5. Of the tooth root 12 of the tooth 11 before extraction shown in FIG. 5A, the part below the upper edge 14 of the root holding part 7 corresponds to a portion of the dental implant 40 that is substantially embedded in the alveolar bone 5. .

  As described above, various methods can be considered for the bone growth promotion processing. For example, the bone growth promotion processing 43 is performed on the entire dental implant 40 (or wider than the portion to be embedded in the alveolar bone 5). After that, the type that removes the bone growth promoting process 43 at the site exposed from the alveolar bone 5 by using the bone growth promoting processing apparatus 24 can use the three-dimensional processing apparatus 23 as it is as the bone growth processing apparatus 24. It is preferable at this point.

  For example, after the shape of the dental implant 40 is formed using a three-dimensional processing apparatus 23 of a type using a cutting (grinding) tool (step S3), bone affinity such as hydroxyapatite is formed on the entire surface of the dental implant 40. A material is applied (the bone growth promoting process 43 is performed). After that, by using the three-dimensional processing device 23 as the bone growth promoting processing device 24 again, the bone growth promoting processing 43 of the site exposed from the alveolar bone 5 of the dental implant 40 is removed (step S4, step S5). ).

  As described above, by performing the bone growth promoting process 43 only on the entire site to be embedded in the alveolar bone 5, the upper edge 14 of the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 is irregular as shown in FIG. 5A. Even if it has a shape (for example, oblique), as shown in FIG. 5C, bone fusion with the dental implant 40 can be achieved over the entire root holding part 7, and the tooth root of the dental implant 40 can be achieved. It is possible to prevent the bacteria from propagating in the part exposed from the holding part 7, particularly the part in contact with the gingiva 10.

  6A to 6B are views for explaining a dental implant 50 having an artificial tooth root 52 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6A is a view showing the tooth 11 before the implant 50 is set up (that is, before extraction). The tooth 11 has a plurality (three in this example) of tooth roots 12a, 12b, and 12c (these are collectively referred to as a tooth root 12). For convenience of explanation, the description of the alveolar bone that holds the tooth 11 is omitted, but the root holding part of the alveolar bone has a plurality of root holding holes that hold the tooth 11 (substantially the roots 12a, 12b, 12c). Are inverted shapes).

  As shown in FIG. 6B, the artificial tooth root 52 has a shape that is substantially inverted from the shape of one tooth root holding hole (the tooth root holding hole that holds the tooth root 12 a) among the plurality of tooth root holding holes that hold the above-described teeth 11. And the auxiliary tooth root portion 52b having a shape obtained by reversing only a part of the shape of the main tooth root portion 52a and other tooth root holding holes (the tooth root holding hole for holding the tooth root 12b and the tooth root holding hole for holding the tooth root 12c). And 52c. The dental implant 50 is obtained by integrally forming an artificial tooth root 52 formed by integrally forming a main tooth root portion 52a and auxiliary tooth root portions 52b, 52c and an abutment 51 using a dental implant material.

  Next, a method for manufacturing the dental implant 50 will be described. For convenience of explanation, the root 12 of the tooth 11 before extraction may be described instead of the description of the root holding part of the alveolar bone. In the case of the tooth 11 shown in FIG. 6A, since the directions in which the roots 12a, 12b, and 12c grow are different from each other, if the artificial tooth root has a shape imitating the shape of all the roots 12a, 12b, and 12c, the original tooth root is retained. It becomes impossible to insert into the part. Therefore, first, the main root (the root 12a in this example) is determined, and the other roots (the roots 12b and 12c in this example) are determined as auxiliary roots.

  Which main root is to be selected is, for example, the range in which the artificial tooth root 52 can be inserted, which is determined from the positional relationship with surrounding remaining teeth (not shown), and / or each tooth root 12a, 12b, It can be determined by the surface area of 12c.

  The method for determining the range in which the artificial root 52 can be inserted is not particularly limited. For example, the processing data generation unit 22 can automatically determine the range in which the artificial tooth root 52 can be inserted or the dentist can determine the range. To decide.

  The method for calculating the surface area of each tooth root 12a, 12b, 12c is not particularly limited, but can be automatically calculated by the processing data generation unit 22 based on the measurement data of the three-dimensional scanner 21, for example. .

  The method for determining the main root is not particularly limited. For example, among the roots whose roots are within the insertable direction range, the root having the largest surface area is determined as the main root. May be. The main tooth root can be determined automatically by the processing data generation unit 22 based on the measurement data of the three-dimensional scanner 21 or can be determined by the dentist.

  When the main tooth root 12a is determined, the insertion direction Q1 of the artificial tooth root 52 is determined based on the direction P1 of the main tooth root 12a. The insertion direction Q1 of the artificial tooth root 52 is not particularly limited, but at least the main tooth root portion 52a must be in a direction that can be inserted into the corresponding tooth root holding hole without any trouble. In this example, the insertion direction Q1 of the artificial tooth root 52 is made to coincide with the direction P1 of the main tooth root 12a. The insertion direction Q1 of the artificial tooth root 52 can also be determined automatically by the processing data generation unit 22 based on the measurement data of the three-dimensional scanner 21, or can be determined by a dentist.

  When the insertion direction Q1 of the artificial tooth root 52 is determined, next, of the auxiliary tooth roots 12b and 12c, a portion that is directly reproduced as the artificial tooth root 52 and a portion that is not reproduced (referred to as a non-reproduction portion 15) are discriminated. To do. This is called discrimination of the non-reproduced portion 15. The method for determining the non-reproduced portion 15 is not particularly limited. For example, if the non-reproduced portion 15 is reproduced as the artificial tooth root 52 as it is, it becomes a problem when the artificial tooth root 52 is inserted into the root holding portion in the direction of the insertion direction Q1. The portion (interference portion) may be determined as the non-reproduced portion 15. The determination of the non-reproduction portion 15 can also be automatically determined by the processing data generation unit 22 based on the measurement data of the three-dimensional scanner 21 or can be determined by the dentist.

  The artificial tooth root insertion direction Q1 may be determined based on the information on the direction P1 of the tooth root 12a and the interference portion. That is, the insertion direction Q1 of the artificial tooth root is determined based on the direction P1 of the tooth root 12a and the volume of the interference part and / or the contact area between the interference part and the alveolar bone. For example, the direction of the volume of the interference part and / or the contact area between the interference part and the alveolar bone within the insertable direction range of the tooth root 12a with the direction P1 of the tooth root 12a as the center is set to the direction of the artificial tooth root. This is determined as the insertion direction Q1.

  Based on the discrimination processing result of the non-reproduced portion 15, the machining data generation unit 22 generates machining data including a three-dimensional model of the artificial tooth root 52 including the main tooth root portion 52a and the auxiliary tooth root portions 52b and 52c. The Based on this processing data, the artificial tooth root 52 is formed using the three-dimensional processing device 23, or when necessary, the bone growth promoting processing is performed using the bone growth promoting processing device 24. This is the same as in each of the embodiments.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, when the artificial tooth root 52 is embedded in the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone, a cavity portion 53 having a shape corresponding to the non-reproduction portion 15 in FIG. 6A is generated. Eventually, the alveolar bone is regenerated. Therefore, it is preferable to perform a bone growth promoting process on at least a portion of the artificial tooth root 52 facing the cavity 53 (a portion corresponding to the non-reproduced portion 15 of the tooth 11) and / or its vicinity.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the main tooth root portion of the artificial tooth root corresponds to one tooth root of the tooth 11 before extraction has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when two or more roots of the tooth 11 before extraction are in the same direction, etc., the main root part of the artificial tooth root is formed in correspondence with two or more roots of the tooth 11 before extraction. You may do it.

  7A to 7B are views for explaining a dental implant 60 having an artificial tooth root 62 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7A is a view showing the tooth 11 before the implant 60 is set (that is, before extraction). The tooth 11 has a plurality (three in this example) of tooth roots 12a, 12b, and 12c (these are collectively referred to as a tooth root 12). For convenience of explanation, the description of the alveolar bone that holds the tooth 11 is omitted, but the root holding part of the alveolar bone has a plurality of root holding holes that hold the tooth 11 (substantially the roots 12a, 12b, 12c). Are inverted shapes).

  As shown in FIG. 7B, the artificial tooth root 62 includes a plurality of (two in this example) element tooth root portions 63 and 62c that can be separately inserted into the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone that holds the tooth 11 described above. . The element tooth root portion 63 includes tooth root portions 62a and 62b formed integrally. When the element tooth root portions 63 and 62c are joined, the shape substantially corresponding to the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone that holds the above-described tooth 11 (that is, the shape of the tooth root holding portion is substantially inverted as it is. Shape). The dental implant 60 includes an artificial tooth root 62 having element root portions 63 and 62c formed as separate bodies, and an abutment 61 formed as a separate body from the artificial tooth root 62. These are all made of a dental implant material and, as will be described later, are connected to each other by a predetermined connecting means after or simultaneously with insertion into the root holding part of the alveolar bone.

  Next, a method for manufacturing the dental implant 60 will be described. For convenience of explanation, the root 12 of the tooth 11 may be described instead of the description of the root holding part of the alveolar bone that holds the tooth 11 before extraction. In the case of the tooth 11 shown in FIG. 7A, the directions in which the roots 12a and 12b grow are almost the same (P1), but since these are different from the direction P2 in which the root 12c grows, all the roots 12a, 12b, If the integrated artificial tooth root has a shape that closely resembles the shape of 12c, it cannot be inserted into the original root holding portion. In the example of FIG. 7A, when the insertion direction of the artificial tooth root is made to coincide with the direction P1 of the tooth roots 12a and 12b, the portion 16 having a direction P2 different from the above P1 of the tooth root 12 becomes an obstacle. It cannot be inserted into the root holding part.

  Therefore, first, the number of element tooth roots and the boundary of each element tooth root part are set based on the direction of each tooth root 12a, 12b, 12c and the like. The number of element tooth roots and the method of setting the boundary are not particularly limited, but it is assumed that the shape corresponding to the root holding part of the alveolar bone as a whole when the element tooth root parts are combined. It is preferable that the number of the element tooth root portions is set to be the minimum number that can be individually inserted into the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone. For example, while providing the same number of element root portions as the total number of tooth root directions of the teeth 11, the insertion direction of each element tooth root portion and the direction of the corresponding tooth root substantially match each other. What is necessary is just to set a boundary.

  In this example, the same number (two) of the tooth root portions 63 and 62c as the total number of tooth root directions of the tooth 11 (two of P1 and P2) are provided, and the insertion directions Q1 and Q of the element tooth root portions 63 and 62c The boundary 62d of each element tooth root portion 63 and 62c is set so that Q2 and the directions P1 and P2 of the tooth roots corresponding to these match each other. The boundary 62d substantially coincides with the boundary 12d between the portion 16 and the other portion of the tooth 11; however, consideration is given to the ease of connection, the ease of formation, the strength, and the like of the tooth root portions 63 and 62c. To be corrected.

  For example, the number of element tooth roots and the boundary of each element tooth root part may be automatically set by the processing data generation unit 22 based on the measurement data of the three-dimensional scanner 21 or may be set by a dentist. it can.

  Based on the number and boundary of each element tooth root set in this way and the measurement data of the tooth root 12 of the tooth 11, the machining data generation unit 22 includes a three-dimensional model of each element tooth root 63, 62 c. Data is generated separately. Based on these processing data, the three-dimensional processing device 23 is used to form the element root portions 63 and 62c, respectively, and when necessary, the bone growth promotion processing device 24 is used to perform the bone growth promotion processing. This is the same as in the above-described embodiments.

  The element root portions 63 and 62c separately molded in this way are coupled to the root holding portion of the alveolar bone after extraction by a predetermined coupling means after being inserted separately or simultaneously with the insertion. The coupling means is not particularly limited. In FIG. 7B, a screw is exemplified as the coupling means. That is, an internal thread 64 is formed at an appropriate portion of the element root portion 62c to be inserted first into the tooth root holding portion. After the element tooth root portions 62c and 63 are inserted into the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone in this order, the element root portion The bolt 65 is screwed into the female screw 64 through a through hole (stepped) provided at an appropriate portion of 63. By combining the element root portions 62c and 63 in this manner, an integrated artificial tooth root 62 is obtained.

  By integrating within the root holding part of the alveolar bone, the integrated artificial root 62 can be made mechanically undetachable from the root holding part of the alveolar bone. That is, by configuring in this way, it is possible to ensure an initial fixing force between the dental implant 60 and the alveolar bone not only in the rotation direction but also in the insertion direction. After the implantation, when bone fusion between the root holding part of the alveolar bone and the element root parts 62c and 63 proceeds, the element root parts 62c and 63 pass through the alveolar bone without relying on coupling means such as screws. Will be combined.

  As shown in FIG. 7B, in this example, a female screw 66 is provided at the upper end of the element root portion 63, and a male screw provided at the lower end of the abutment 61 is screwed into the abutment 61 and the artificial tooth root 62. ing. Although the lower end of the abutment 61 covers the head of the bolt 65, this prevents the bolt 65 from coming out and foreign materials such as the material of the upper structure 1 enter around the bolt 65. Is prevented.

  In addition, the connection method of the element tooth root parts 63 and 62c is not limited to a screw. For example, a pin may be used in place of the bolt 65 described above. In addition, when a joint portion such as a dovetail is provided at the boundary between the element tooth root portions 63 and 62c and the element tooth root portion 63c is inserted into the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone, the element tooth root portion 63 is inserted. The two may be engaged with each other.

  8A to 8B are views for explaining a dental implant 70 having an artificial tooth root 72 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8A is a view showing the tooth 11 before the implant 70 is planted (that is, before extraction). The tooth 11 has a curved root 12. Also in this embodiment, the description of the alveolar bone that holds the tooth 11 is omitted for convenience of explanation, but the root holding part of the alveolar bone is configured by one curved root holding hole that holds the tooth 11. It is assumed that

  As shown in FIG. 8B, the artificial tooth root 72 includes a plurality of (two in this example) element tooth roots 72a and 72b that can be separately inserted into the tooth root holding part of the alveolar bone that holds the tooth 11 described above. . When the element root portions 72a and 72b are joined, the shape substantially corresponding to the root holding portion of the alveolar bone that holds the above-described tooth 11 (that is, the shape of the root holding portion is substantially reversed as it is. Shape). The dental implant 70 includes an artificial tooth root 72 having element tooth roots 72a and 72b formed as separate bodies, and an abutment 71 formed as a separate body from the artificial tooth root 72, respectively. These are all made of a dental implant material, and are connected to each other by a predetermined connecting means after or simultaneously with the insertion into the root holding part of the alveolar bone, as in the above example.

  Next, a method for manufacturing the dental implant 70 will be described. For convenience of explanation, the root 12 of the tooth 11 may be described instead of the description of the root holding part of the alveolar bone that holds the tooth 11 before extraction. In the case of the tooth 11 shown in FIG. 8A, since the root 12 is considerably curved, if it is an integrated artificial tooth root having a shape imitating the shape of the tooth root 12, it cannot be inserted into the original root holding portion. For example, a portion corresponding to the element root portion 72b shown in FIG. 8B becomes an obstacle and cannot be inserted into the original root holding portion.

  Therefore, first, based on the shape of the tooth root 12 and the like, the number of element tooth root portions and the boundary of each element tooth root portion are set. The number of element tooth roots and the method of setting the boundary are not particularly limited, but it is assumed that the shape corresponding to the root holding part of the alveolar bone as a whole when the element tooth root parts are combined. It is preferable that the number of the element tooth root portions is set to be the minimum number that can be individually inserted into the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone. This is the same as the above example. For example, when it is assumed that an integrated artificial tooth root having a shape that closely resembles the shape of the tooth root 12 of the tooth 11 is inserted into the original tooth root holding portion, the number is equal to the number obtained by adding “1” to the number of obstacles. In addition to providing the element tooth root portion, the boundary of each element tooth root portion may be set so that each element tooth root portion can be inserted into the original tooth root holding portion in a predetermined order.

  In this example, the number (two) of element roots obtained by adding “1” to the number of places that become obstacles (one place corresponding to the above-mentioned element tooth root 72b) when it is assumed to be inserted into the original tooth holding part. The portions 72a and 72b are provided, and the boundary 72d of the element tooth root portions 72a and 72b is set so that both of the element tooth root portions 72a and 72b can be inserted into the original tooth root holding portion in this order. The boundary 72d substantially coincides with the boundary between the part that becomes an obstacle and the other part of the artificial tooth root 72 when it is assumed to be inserted into the original tooth holding part. Correction is performed in consideration of ease of bonding, ease of formation, strength, and the like. In this example, the boundary 72d is constituted by a single plane.

  For example, the number of element tooth roots and the boundary of each element tooth root part may be automatically set by the processing data generation unit 22 based on the measurement data of the three-dimensional scanner 21 or may be set by a dentist. What can be done is similar to the above example.

  Based on the number and boundary of each element tooth root part set in this way and the measurement data of the tooth root 12 of the tooth 11, the processing data generation part 22 includes a three-dimensional model of each element tooth root part 72 a, 72 b. Data is generated separately. Based on these processing data, the three-dimensional processing device 23 is used to form the element root portions 72a and 72b, respectively, and when necessary, the bone growth promotion processing device 24 is used to perform the bone growth promotion processing. This is also the same as in the above embodiments.

  The element root portions 72a and 72b separately molded in this way are connected to the root holding portion of the alveolar bone after extraction by a predetermined connecting means after being inserted separately or simultaneously with the insertion. The coupling means is not particularly limited. In FIG. 8B, a screw is exemplified as the coupling means. That is, an internal thread 73 is formed in an appropriate portion (in this example, the upper end portion) of the element tooth root portion 72a that is inserted into the tooth root holding portion first, and the element tooth root portions 72a and 72b are arranged in this order on the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone. After the insertion, the bolt 74 is screwed into the female screw 73 through a (stepped) through hole provided in an appropriate portion (in this example, the central portion) of the abutment 71. In this manner, by integrating the abutment 71 and the element root portion 72a while pressing the upper end portion of the element root portion 72b with the lower end portion of the abutment 71, an integrated dental implant 70 is obtained.

  By integrating the artificial tooth root 72 inside the tooth root holding part of the alveolar bone, the dental implant 70 including the artificial tooth root 72 can be mechanically undetachable from the tooth root holding part of the alveolar bone. That is, by configuring in this way, it is possible to ensure an initial fixing force between the dental implant 70 and the alveolar bone not only in the rotation direction but also in the insertion direction. After implantation, when bone fusion between the root holding part of the alveolar bone and the element root parts 72a and 72b proceeds, the element tooth root parts 72a and 72b pass through the alveolar bone without relying on coupling means such as screws. The combination is similar to the above example.

  In addition, it is the same as that of the above-mentioned that the connection method of element root part 72a, 72b is not limited to a screw. For example, a pin may be used in place of the bolt 74 described above. In addition, when a joint portion such as a dovetail is provided at the boundary between the element tooth root portions 72a and 72b, and the element tooth root portion 72b is inserted into the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone, the element tooth root portion 72b is inserted. The two may be engaged with each other.

  9A to 9B are views for explaining a dental implant 75 having an artificial tooth root 77 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9A is a view showing the tooth 11 before the implant 75 is set (that is, before extraction). The tooth 11 has a curved root 12. Also in this embodiment, the description of the alveolar bone that holds the tooth 11 is omitted for convenience of explanation, but the root holding part of the alveolar bone is configured by one curved root holding hole that holds the tooth 11. It is assumed that

  As shown in FIG. 9B, the artificial tooth root 77 includes a plurality of (two in this example) element tooth root portions 77 a and 77 b that can be inserted separately into the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone that holds the above-described tooth 11. . When the element root portions 77a and 77b are joined, the shape substantially corresponding to the root holding portion of the alveolar bone that holds the above-described tooth 11 (ie, the shape of the root holding portion is substantially reversed as it is. Shape). The dental implant 75 includes an artificial tooth root 77 having element tooth root portions 77a and 77b formed separately from each other, and an abutment 76 formed separately from the artificial tooth root 77. These are all made of a dental implant material, and are connected to each other by a predetermined connecting means after or simultaneously with the insertion into the root holding part of the alveolar bone, as in the above example.

  Next, a method for manufacturing the dental implant 75 will be described. For convenience of explanation, the root 12 of the tooth 11 may be described instead of the description of the root holding part of the alveolar bone that holds the tooth 11 before extraction. In the case of the tooth 11 shown in FIG. 9A, in addition to the tooth root 12 being curved, as shown in FIG. 9B, in the vicinity of the tooth 11 (in this example, both sides of the tooth 11 are almost in contact with this). Since the insertion direction of the artificial tooth root is limited due to the remaining teeth 17, if the artificial tooth root has an integrated shape that closely resembles the shape of the tooth root 12, it cannot be inserted into the original tooth holding part. For example, a portion corresponding to the element root portion 77b shown in FIG. 9B becomes an obstacle, and cannot be inserted into the original root holding portion.

  Therefore, first, the number of element roots and the boundary of each element root are set based on the insertable direction range of the artificial root 77 calculated from the positional relationship with the surrounding remaining teeth 17 and the shape of the root 12. To do. The number of element tooth roots and the method of setting the boundary are not particularly limited, but it is assumed that the shape corresponding to the root holding part of the alveolar bone as a whole when the element tooth root parts are combined. It is preferable that the number of the element tooth root portions is set to be the minimum number that can be individually inserted into the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone. This is also the same as the above example. For example, when it is assumed that an integrated artificial tooth root having a shape that closely resembles the shape of the tooth root 12 of the tooth 11 is inserted into the original tooth root holding portion, the number is equal to the number obtained by adding “1” to the number of obstacles. In addition to providing the element tooth root portion, the boundary of each element tooth root portion may be set so that each element tooth root portion can be inserted into the original tooth root holding portion in a predetermined order.

  In this example, the number (two) of element roots obtained by adding “1” to the number of places that become obstacles (assuming one place corresponding to the element root part 77b) when it is assumed to be inserted into the original root holding part. The portions 77a and 77b are provided, and a boundary 77d between the element tooth root portions 77a and 77b is set so that both of the element tooth root portions 77a and 77b can be inserted into the original tooth root holding portion in this order. The boundary 77d substantially coincides with the boundary between the part that becomes an obstacle and the other part of the artificial tooth root 77 when it is assumed to be inserted into the original tooth holding part, but each of the element tooth roots 77a and 77b Correction is performed in consideration of ease of bonding, ease of formation, strength, and the like. In this example, the boundary 77d is constituted by two planes.

  The setting of the insertable direction range of the artificial tooth root 77, the number of element tooth root parts, and the boundary of each element tooth root part is automatically set by the processing data generation unit 22 based on the measurement data of the three-dimensional scanner 21, for example. The dentist can set the same as in the above example.

  Based on the range in which the artificial tooth root 77 can be inserted, the number and boundary of each element tooth root, and the measurement data of the tooth root 12 of the tooth 11 set in this way, the processing data generation unit 22 uses each element tooth root 77a. , 77b including the three-dimensional model is individually generated. Based on these processing data, the three-dimensional processing device 23 is used to form the element tooth root portions 77a and 77b, respectively, and when necessary, the bone growth promotion processing device 24 is used to perform the bone growth promotion processing. This is also the same as in the above embodiments.

  The element root portions 77a and 77b formed separately in this way are connected to the root holding portion of the alveolar bone after extraction by a predetermined connecting means after being inserted separately or simultaneously with the insertion. The coupling means is not particularly limited. In FIG. 9B, a screw is exemplified as the coupling means. That is, an internal thread 78 is formed at an appropriate portion (in this example, an upper end portion) of the element tooth root portion 77b to be inserted later into the tooth root holding portion, and the element tooth root portions 77a and 77b are inserted into the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone in this order. After that, the bolt 79 is screwed into the female screw 78 through a (stepped) through hole provided in an appropriate portion (in this example, the central portion) of the abutment 76. In this way, by integrating the abutment 76 and the element root 77b while pressing the upper end of the element root 77a with the lower end of the abutment 76, an integrated dental implant 75 is obtained.

  By integrating the artificial tooth root 77 inside the alveolar bone root holding part, the dental implant 75 including the artificial tooth root 77 can be mechanically undetachable from the alveolar bone root holding part. That is, by configuring in this way, it is possible to secure an initial fixing force between the dental implant 75 and the alveolar bone not only in the rotation direction but also in the insertion direction. After the implantation, when bone fusion between the root holding part of the alveolar bone and the element root parts 77a and 77b proceeds, the element tooth root parts 77a and 77b pass through the alveolar bone without depending on a coupling means such as a screw. The combination is similar to the above example.

  In addition, it is the same as that of the above-mentioned that the connection method of element root part 77a, 77b is not limited to a screw. For example, a pin may be used in place of the bolt 79 described above. In addition, when a joint portion such as a dovetail is provided at the boundary between the element tooth root portions 77a and 77b, and the element tooth root portion 77b is inserted into the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone, the element tooth root portion 77b is inserted. The two may be engaged with each other.

  In this way, teeth having a plurality of roots 12a, 12b, and 12c (see FIG. 7A) and teeth that are extremely curved even if the teeth are configured by only one tooth root 12 (FIG. 8A). As shown in FIG. 9B, the shape of the root holding hole is changed including the case where there is a cause in the positional relationship with the remaining tooth 17 as shown in FIG. 9B. Even if it is a case where the artificial tooth root having a completely inverted shape cannot be inserted into the original tooth holding part, the artificial tooth root is divided and formed and inserted into the tooth holding part sequentially. This is advantageous because the maximum contact area between the artificial tooth root and the tooth root holding part of the alveolar bone can be ensured.

  10A to 10B are views for explaining a dental implant 80 having an artificial tooth root 82 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10A, the dental implant 80 is common to the dental implant 30 shown in FIG. 4A in that an abutment 81 and an artificial tooth root 82 are integrally formed using a dental implant material. However, it is different from the dental implant 30 in that a protrusion 83 for retaining is provided on a part of the artificial root 82.

  The shape of the protrusion 83 is not particularly limited. For example, the surface 83a configured to form an obtuse angle with respect to the insertion direction Q1 of the artificial tooth root 82 to the tooth root holding part 7, and the tooth root holding part of the artificial tooth root 82 7 and a surface 83b configured to form an angle smaller than the obtuse angle (for example, a non-obtuse angle, that is, a right angle or an acute angle) with respect to the drawing direction R1 from 7. By comprising in this way, the artificial tooth root 82 which is easy to insert with respect to the tooth root holding | maintenance part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 and is hard to remove | deviate is realizable. The height (the dimension in the direction substantially perpendicular to the insertion direction Q1) and the thickness (the dimension in the direction substantially parallel to the insertion direction Q1) of the protrusion 83 can insert the artificial tooth root 82 into the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5. And as long as the effect of retaining is obtained, it is not particularly limited.

  The position at which the protrusion 83 is provided is not particularly limited, but for example, it is preferably provided above the center of the artificial tooth root 82 in the longitudinal direction (the direction in which the abutment 81 is present). More preferably, it is a position separated from the upper end in the longitudinal direction of the artificial tooth root 82 (the boundary between the artificial tooth root 82 and the abutment 81) by a distance of 1/5 to 1/3 of the length of the artificial tooth root 82.

  Further, in the example of FIG. 10A, the protrusion 83 is located at one position in the longitudinal direction of the artificial root 82 (a distance of about 1/4 of the length of the artificial root 82 downward from the upper end in the longitudinal direction of the artificial root 82). However, for example, the protrusions 83 may be provided at two or more locations in the longitudinal direction of the artificial root 82.

  Further, the protrusion 83 may be a continuous bowl-like shape formed in an annular shape around the artificial tooth root 82, or a plurality of spine-like items arranged in an annular shape around the artificial tooth root 82. Also good.

  The manufacturing method of the dental implant 80 is almost the same as that of the above-described dental implant 30 except for the portion related to the protrusion 83. The shape, number, position, and the like of the protrusion 83 can be automatically set by the processing data generation unit 22 based on the measurement data of the three-dimensional scanner 21 or can be set by a dentist.

  Based on the processing data including the three-dimensional model of the artificial tooth root 82 including the projection 83 set in this way, the dental implant 80 is formed using the three-dimensional processing device 23, and if necessary, the bone The bone growth promotion processing is performed using the growth promotion processing apparatus 24 in the same manner as in the above embodiments.

  As shown in FIG. 10B, when the dental implant 80 is inserted into the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 after extraction, it becomes difficult to move in the extraction direction R1 due to the action of the projection 83. Also in the direction (extraction direction), it is easy to secure the initial fixing force between the dental implant 80 and the alveolar bone 5.

  11A to 11C are views for explaining an artificial root 92 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The artificial tooth root 92 is made of a dental implant material, and substantially has a shape obtained by removing the abutment 31 from the dental implant 30 shown in FIG. 4A, as shown in FIG. 11A. However, a coupling portion 93 (in this example, an internal thread) is formed at the upper end (abutment side end) of the artificial root 92.

  The position and / or shape of the coupling unit 93 can be automatically set by the processing data generation unit 22 based on the measurement data of the three-dimensional scanner 21 or can be set by a dentist. Based on the processing data including the three-dimensional model of the artificial root 92, the artificial root 92 is formed using the three-dimensional processing device 23, or the bone growth promotion processing using the bone growth promotion processing device 24 when necessary. Is applied in the same manner as in the above-described embodiments.

  As shown in FIG. 11C, the artificial dental root 92 formed in this manner can be combined with an abutment 91 formed using a dental implant material to constitute a dental implant 90. A connecting portion (in this example, a male screw) is formed at the lower end of the abutment 91, and the abutment 91 and the artificial tooth root 92 are connected by connecting the connecting portion and the connecting portion 93 of the artificial tooth root 92. It is.

  In addition to using the artificial tooth root 92 as a part of the dental implant, for example, as shown in FIG. 11B, for the purpose of preventing the alveolar bone 5 from being thinned after extraction, the tooth root holding portion 7 ( It can also be used as a means for filling the extraction cavity. In the example of FIG. 11B, the upper end of the artificial root 92 embedded in the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 is covered with a cap 94 formed using, for example, a dental implant material, and then covered with the gum 10. A connecting portion (in this example, an external thread) is formed at the lower end of the cap 94. By connecting this connecting portion and the connecting portion 93 of the artificial tooth root 92, the cap 94 and the artificial tooth root 92 are connected. is there.

  When a denture is mounted, it is possible to prevent the alveolar bone 5 from thinning by using the method as shown in FIG. 11B, thereby preventing a problem or the like when the denture is mounted. Furthermore, when it is desired to switch to the implant treatment, it is only necessary to remove the covered gingiva 10, remove the cap 94 from the artificial root 92, and attach the abutment 91 as shown in FIG. 11C. It is possible and convenient.

  Furthermore, by using the method as shown in FIG. 11B, the extraction fossa of the alveolar bone 5 can be filled with a solid material in a short period of time without requiring training such as the GBR method. Therefore, for example, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a dry socket due to exposure of the extraction socket and the thinning of the alveolar bone 5 with a simple treatment. In addition, since the denture can be molded in a short period of time, the time until completion of the denture can be greatly reduced.

  12A to 12C are views for explaining an artificial tooth root 102 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the above-described embodiments, the artificial tooth root 102 is made of a bone substitute material such as hydroxyapatite. As shown in FIG. 12B, the shape of the artificial tooth root 102 is substantially the same as the artificial tooth root 92 shown in FIG. 11A. However, at the upper end of the artificial tooth root 102, a connecting portion such as a screw is not formed and is flat.

  As in the above-described embodiments, for example, information representing the three-dimensional shape of the root 12 of the tooth 11 before extraction as shown in FIG. 12A and / or the three-dimensional of the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 Measurement data including information representing the shape is acquired using the three-dimensional scanner 21. As in the case of each of the above-described embodiments, measurement data can be acquired from the already extracted alveolar bone 5. Based on the acquired measurement data, processing data including a three-dimensional model of the artificial tooth root 102 is generated in the processing data generation unit 22, and the artificial tooth root 102 is generated using the three-dimensional processing device 23 based on the processing data. Molding is the same as in the above embodiments.

  As shown in FIG. 12C, the artificial tooth root 102 formed in this way is a means for filling the root holding part 7 (extraction cavity) of the alveolar bone 5 for the purpose of preventing the alveolar bone 5 from being thinned after extraction. Used as The artificial tooth root 102 is embedded in the tooth root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 and then covered with the gum 10.

  When the denture is mounted, the artificial tooth root 102 is used to prevent the alveolar bone 5 from becoming thinner, thereby preventing a problem or the like when the denture is mounted. Furthermore, since the artificial tooth root 102 is made of a bone substitute material, it is integrated with the alveolar bone 5 after a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the treatment. For this reason, when it is desired to switch to the implant treatment, the conventional implant treatment can be performed by drilling the implant fossa in the alveolar bone 5 integrated with the artificial root 102.

  Furthermore, by using the artificial tooth root 102, for example, training such as the GBR method is not required, and a bone tissue can be formed in the tooth root holding portion 7 of the alveolar bone 5 in a short period of time. Therefore, for example, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a dry socket due to exposure of the extraction socket and the thinning of the alveolar bone 5 with a simple treatment. In addition, since the denture can be molded in a short period of time, the time until completion of the denture when the bone tissue is formed in the extraction cavity can be greatly shortened.

  13A to 13B are views for explaining an artificial tooth root 112 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The artificial tooth root 112 is made of a bone substitute material such as hydroxyapatite, like the artificial tooth root 102 shown in FIG. 12B. As shown in FIG. 13A, the shape of the artificial tooth root 112 is substantially the same as that of the artificial tooth root 102 shown in FIG. 12B. However, it differs from the artificial tooth root 102 in that a ridge 113 is formed at the upper end of the artificial tooth root 112.

  By providing the ridge 113 on the artificial tooth root 112, as shown in FIG. 13B, the possibility that the epithelial cells of the gingiva 10 invade between the tooth root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 and the artificial tooth root 112 is further reduced, and the alveoli The fusion of the bone 5 and the artificial tooth root 112 can be made more reliable.

  The shape and dimensions of the ridge 113 are not particularly limited. For example, the shape and size of the ridge 113 may be such as to close the gap between the root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5 and the artificial tooth root 112, or the tooth root holding part 7 of the alveolar bone 5. The thing of the grade which covers an upper end part may be sufficient. The shape and dimensions of the ridge 113 are automatically determined by the processing data generation unit 22 or determined by a dentist based on the measurement data of the three-dimensional scanner 21.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, an artificial tooth root having a three-dimensional shape corresponding to the three-dimensional shape of the root holding part of the alveolar bone is obtained using a three-dimensional scanner, a processing data generation unit, and a three-dimensional processing device. Although the method of shaping | molding was demonstrated to the example, the method of shape | molding the artificial tooth root which has a three-dimensional shape corresponding to the three-dimensional shape of the root holding part of an alveolar bone is not limited to this. For example, a mold having a shape corresponding to the shape of the root holding part of the alveolar bone may be formed based on measurement data obtained by a three-dimensional scanner, and the artificial tooth root may be cast based on the mold. Measurement data of the extracted tooth is obtained by a three-dimensional scanner, and the artificial root may be formed based on the measurement data, or the artificial tooth root is formed by impressing the tooth after extraction. You may do it. Moreover, you may make it form the said artificial tooth root combining these methods.

  Although the present invention has been described above as a preferred embodiment, the terminology has been used for description rather than limitation and departs from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Rather, changes can be made within the scope of the appended claims. Also, while the above describes only some exemplary embodiments of the present invention in detail, those skilled in the art will recognize the exemplary implementations described above without departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the present invention. It will be readily appreciated that many variations in form are possible. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the artificial tooth root manufacturing system 20 by one Embodiment of this invention. 4 is a flowchart showing a procedure for manufacturing an artificial tooth root 32 using the artificial tooth root manufacturing system 20. 3A to 3B are drawings for explaining a procedure for manufacturing the artificial tooth root 32. 4A to 4C are drawings for explaining a procedure for manufacturing the artificial tooth root 32. FIG. 5A to 5C are views for explaining a dental implant 40 having an artificial tooth root 42 according to another embodiment of the present invention. 6A to 6B are views for explaining a dental implant 50 having an artificial tooth root 52 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. 7A to 7B are views for explaining a dental implant 60 having an artificial tooth root 62 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. 8A to 8B are views for explaining a dental implant 70 having an artificial tooth root 72 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. 9A to 9B are views for explaining a dental implant 75 having an artificial tooth root 77 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. 10A to 10B are views for explaining a dental implant 80 having an artificial tooth root 82 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. 11A to 11C are views for explaining an artificial root 92 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. 12A to 12C are views for explaining an artificial tooth root 102 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. 13A to 13B are views for explaining an artificial tooth root 112 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14A shows an example of the structure of a conventional dental implant. FIG. 14B is a drawing for explaining problems of a conventional dental implant. It is drawing for demonstrating the method to produce | generate a bone tissue in the root holding part of an alveolar bone using GBR method.

Explanation of symbols

21: Three-dimensional scanner 22: Processing data generation unit 23: Three-dimensional processing device

Patent Applicant Tamio Ohmae Applicant Agent Patent Attorney Koichi Tagawa

Claims (8)

A three-dimensional scanner for acquiring measurement data including three-dimensional shape information of the root holding part of the alveolar bone;
Based on the measurement data obtained by the three-dimensional scanner, a processing data generating unit that generates processing data including three-dimensional model information of the artificial tooth root having a shape corresponding to the root holding part of the alveolar bone,
A three-dimensional processing device for forming an artificial tooth root based on the processing data generated by the processing data generation unit;
In an artificial tooth root manufacturing system comprising
The root holding part of the alveolar bone is composed of a plurality of root holding holes that hold one tooth,
The artificial tooth root has a main tooth root portion having a shape obtained by inverting the shape of at least one tooth root holding hole among a plurality of tooth root holding holes, and an auxiliary tooth root having a shape obtained by inverting only a part of the shape of the other tooth root holding holes. Part, and is formed as comprising
The main tooth root portion is within an insertable direction range of the artificial tooth root calculated from the positional relationship between the one tooth and the surrounding remaining tooth among the plurality of tooth roots of the one tooth, and When the root with the largest surface area is the main root, it is formed into a shape that reproduces the main root as it is,
When the auxiliary root is a root other than the main root among the plurality of roots of the single tooth, the artificial tooth root is inserted in the auxiliary root if reproduced as it is. It is formed into a shape that is reproduced as it is, except for the interference part that becomes an obstacle when inserting into the root holding hole,
The insertion direction of the artificial tooth root is within the range in which the main tooth root can be inserted, and the volume of the interference part and / or the contact area between the interference part and the alveolar bone constituting the tooth root holding hole is minimized. The direction of
An artificial tooth root manufacturing system characterized by In the artificial tooth root manufacturing system according to claim 1,
The artificial tooth root is formed by being divided into a plurality of element tooth root parts that can be separately inserted into the tooth root holding part of the alveolar bone,
It is characterized by. The artificial tooth root manufacturing system according to any one of claims 1 to 2,
The artificial tooth root constitutes a part of a dental implant,
The processing data includes three-dimensional model information representing a portion of the dental implant to be embedded in the alveolar bone,
Based on the processing data, further comprising a bone growth promotion processing device for performing bone growth promotion processing only on the entire site to be embedded in the alveolar bone of the dental implant,
It is characterized by. The artificial tooth root manufacturing system according to any one of claims 1 to 2,
The artificial tooth root is composed of a bone substitute material;
It is characterized by. In an artificial tooth root having a three-dimensional shape corresponding to the three-dimensional shape of the root holding part of the alveolar bone,
The main tooth root portion having a shape obtained by inverting the shape of at least one tooth root holding hole among the plurality of tooth root holding holes constituting the tooth root holding portion of the alveolar bone, and only a part of the shape of the other tooth root holding hole are reversed. An auxiliary tooth root having a shape,
The main root portion, among a plurality of the root of one tooth, be within the insertable direction range of the artificial dental root to be indexed from the positional relationship between the remaining teeth of the teeth and around the single and surface area When the largest root is the main root, it is formed into a shape that reproduces the main root as it is,
When the auxiliary root is a root other than the main root among the plurality of roots of the single tooth, the artificial root is inserted in the auxiliary root as it is reproduced as it is. It is formed into a shape that is reproduced as it is, except for the interference part that becomes an obstacle when inserting into the root holding hole,
The insertion direction of the artificial tooth root is within the range in which the main tooth root can be inserted, and the volume of the interference part and / or the contact area between the interference part and the alveolar bone constituting the tooth root holding hole is minimized. The direction of
An artificial tooth root characterized by The artificial tooth root of claim 5 ,
Provided with a plurality of element roots that can be inserted separately into the root holding part of the alveolar bone,
It is characterized by. The artificial tooth root according to any one of claims 5 to 6 ,
It is an artificial tooth root that constitutes a part of a dental implant, and the bone growth promoting treatment has been performed only on the entire site to be embedded in the alveolar bone,
It is characterized by. The artificial tooth root according to any one of claims 5 to 6 ,
Be composed of bone substitute material,
It is characterized by.

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