JP4352932B2 - Microphone device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a microphone device used by being attached to an auricle. For example, when recording a telephone, it collects a received sound from a receiver and collects a sound wave due to vibration from a vocal cord transmitted to an external auditory canal by bone conduction. The present invention relates to a microphone device.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, so-called inner-ear type microphone devices that have been housed in a concavity of the concha cavity of the auricle and supported by the tragus and the rosicle have been devised and commercialized. This inner-ear type microphone device, for example, is a microphone device attached to the auricle with a structure capable of collecting sound from outside when recording a conversation with a telephone call partner (hereinafter referred to as telephone recording). The incoming sound from the handset pressed against the main body is picked up by the built-in microphone. Thereby, it is possible to easily record a conversation with the other party.

  Many fixed telephones, such as so-called home telephones, have a function of side sound that allows the user to hear their own voice from the handset. Therefore, this conventional microphone device can be used to Both can pick up and record as conversations.

  A microphone device having a conventional structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 by taking MDR-E140C manufactured by Sony as an example. FIG. 6 is an overall perspective view of this conventional microphone device. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional microphone device.

  The microphone device shown in FIG. 6 includes a housing (housing) 102 that houses a microphone unit 101 shown in FIG. 7 to be described later, and an external output cord 103 connected to the microphone unit 101. As shown in FIG. 7, the received sound emitted from the sound emitting unit 107a of the receiver 107 passes through the vent hole 108 and is taken into the housing 102, collected by the microphone unit 101, and converted into an electronic signal. Output to the outside. The electrical signal output from the microphone unit 101 is output to a recording device (not shown) connected to the pin plug 104, and recording is performed.

On the other hand, as an example of another inner-ear type microphone device, for example, a so-called bone conduction detection type microphone device that is used by being connected to a mobile phone or the like and detects a sound vibration transmitted to the vicinity of the ear canal by bone conduction and a speaker is used. An earphone microphone has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The above-described earphone microphone is used by being connected to, for example, a mobile phone, and can reliably perform transmission and reception even in an environment with background noise.
JP 11-308680 A

  However, since many portable telephones that have been widely used in recent years do not have the side-tone function that is attached to many conventional fixed telephones, the microphone device described in FIGS. However, since only the voice of the other party can be recorded, there is a problem that the conversation cannot be recorded.

  Although one's own voice is transmitted as sound waves from the mouth to the outside due to the vibration of the vocal cords, it is also transmitted as sound waves at a small level from the external auditory canal 106 via the skull or the like due to bone conduction. Thus, although the sound wave (bone conduction sound) due to bone conduction is transmitted to the external auditory canal 106, the sound pressure of the bone conduction sound due to vibration from the vocal cords transmitted to the external ear canal 106 is small. Therefore, in the conventional microphone device, when a low-sensitivity dynamic microphone that has a large gap 109 with the ear canal 106 and is generally set to about -50 dBV / 1 Pa to -60 dBV / 1 Pa is used, the acoustic structure is external. The problem is that the bone-conducted sound cannot be picked up at a sufficient level due to the fact that the sound pressure from the bone becomes larger and the small sound wave (bone-conducted sound) from the external auditory canal 106 due to bone conduction is masked. was there.

  Further, in the conventional microphone device that is used by pressing the receiver 107 against the microphone device attached to the auricle 105, because the structure is such that the received sound of the other party is heard from the gap 109 between the housing 102 of the microphone device and the ear canal 106, If the gap 109 is reduced, sound waves generated by bone conduction can be collected at a sufficient volume, but the received sound from the handset 107 is blocked, making it difficult to hear the other party's voice clearly. there were.

  Moreover, although the thing of patent document 1 can transmit and receive reliably, it can pick up the received sound from the receiver pressed against the microphone apparatus main body with which the pinna was mounted | worn directly with a built-in microphone. It wasn't possible to record a phone call.

  In view of such points, the present invention collects both the voice generated by the user and the voice of the other party with appropriate sound pressures when used in a mobile phone or the like having no side sound function, as a conversation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a microphone device that can record and allows a user to clearly hear the received sound emitted from the receiver when the microphone device is attached to the auricle.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention is a microphone device including a housing in which a microphone unit that converts air conduction sound and bone conduction sound into an electric signal is housed, A sound collecting part having a plurality of vent holes for collecting sound waves from the outside, and a substantially cylindrical auricular insertion part that communicates the inside of the housing facing the sound collecting part and the external auditory canal with the microphone unit interposed therebetween When the auricle insertion part is inserted into the ear canal and the housing is attached to the auricle, the outside of the auricle and the ear canal communicate with each other through the vent hole, the inside of the housing, and the auricle insertion part. It is characterized by.

  As a preferred embodiment of the above-described microphone device, a microphone unit supporting member that supports the microphone unit is provided inside the housing, and the collected sound wave is inserted into the auricle at least in a part of the microphone unit supporting member. A ventilation groove or hole reaching the part is provided.

  According to the present invention, when the housing of the microphone device is attached to the auricle, the outside of the housing and the external auditory canal communicate with each other with the auricle insertion part in close contact with the external auditory canal, so The sound waves collected through the ventilation holes of the sound collection part pass through the inside of the housing and the hollow part of the substantially cylindrical pinna insertion part and pass through the ear canal to reach the eardrum of the user. The transmitted sound waves can be received by the microphone unit with high sensitivity, and the user can clearly hear the received sound while recording the conversation with the other party.

  In addition, since a groove or hole for ventilation is provided in a part of the microphone unit support member fixed in the microphone device, sound waves collected from outside into the housing are passed through the microphone unit support member with a simple structure. And can be passed through the pinna insertion part.

  In the microphone device of the present invention, an auricle attachment member having elasticity is provided in the opening of the auricle insertion portion.

  According to the present invention, since the elastic pinna attachment member provided in the opening of the pinna insertion part is closely attached to the wall surface of the ear canal according to the shape of the ear canal, it is transmitted from the vocal cords to the ear canal by bone conduction. The microphone unit can receive small sound waves with higher sensitivity.

  Further, the microphone device of the present invention has a structure that blocks sound waves from the outside on the auricle side of the casing, or a structure that blocks sound waves from the ear canal on the ear canal side across the microphone unit of the casing. And

  According to the present invention, for example, only the user's voice is collected by blocking external sound waves, or only the sound waves from outside are collected by blocking the user's voice. Or can be changed selectively.

According to the present invention, when the housing of the microphone device is attached to the auricle, the outside of the housing and the external auditory canal communicate with each other with the auricle insertion portion in close contact with the external auditory canal, so that the outside of the auricle The sound waves collected from the sound collecting part through the ventilation hole of the sound collecting part pass through the inside of the housing, the hollow part of the substantially cylindrical pinna insertion part, pass through the external auditory canal, and reach the user's eardrum. the sound wave that has been transmitted to, ing as microphone unit can receive sensitivity.

  In addition, by attaching an elastic pinna attachment member provided at the opening of the pinna insertion part to the wall of the ear canal according to the shape of the ear canal, small sound waves transmitted from the vocal cords to the ear canal by bone conduction, Since the microphone unit can receive with high sensitivity, there is an effect that it is possible to easily realize high-sensitivity conversation recording of a telephone without a side sound function.

  In addition, when a groove or hole for ventilation is provided in a part of the microphone unit support member fixed in the microphone device, the microphone unit support member can collect sound waves collected from the outside into the housing with a simple structure. There is an effect that can be passed through the auricle insertion part.

  Also, depending on the purpose of use, if the structure of the microphone device housing blocks the sound waves from the outside, or the structure of the ear canal side sandwiching the above-mentioned microphone unit of the housing, blocks the sound waves from the ear canal Sound waves to be picked up can be selected, and the convenience is improved.

  Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of an example of an embodiment of a microphone device of the present invention. The microphone device of this example includes a microphone unit 1 shown in FIG. 2 described later, and a housing (housing) 2 that houses the microphone unit 1 and constitutes the microphone device body. The microphone unit 1 of this example is composed of, for example, an electret condenser microphone that is said to have relatively good sensitivity (generally about −30 dBV / 1 Pa to −40 dBV / 1 Pa).

  The housing 2 is formed by molding a synthetic resin, and is formed in a substantially spherical shape having a size that is supported by the tragus and the tragus and is fitted in the concave portion of the concha cavity of the auricle. Further, the housing 2 is configured to be coupled so as to abut the front housing half 3 and the rear housing half 4.

  A cord holding part 7 projects from the rear housing half 4 of the housing 2 so as to hang from the rear side slightly below, and an external output cord 6 connected to the microphone unit 1 is connected to the cord holding part 7. It is inserted and pulled out of the housing 2. When the microphone device main body according to the present invention is attached to the concave portion of the auricle, the cord holding portion 7 is engaged with a part of the auricle and regulates the pulling direction of the external output cord 6. A sound collecting portion 18 having a plurality of air holes 19 through which sound waves pass is provided on the surface of the rear housing half 4 to which the receiver is applied during telephone recording. The sound collecting unit 18 is preferably formed in a concave part having a straight cross section or an appropriate curve so that the sound emitting part of the handset can be easily applied to the microphone device attached to the auricle. Further, the front housing half 3 constituting the housing 2 is provided with an auricle attachment member (also referred to as an earpiece) 13 described in detail in FIG. 2 so as to be inserted into the ear canal.

  FIG. 2 is a sectional view on a plane including the central axis of the external output cord 6 and the external ear mounting member 13 in a state where the microphone device of the example of FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the microphone unit 1 is housed in a microphone support member 5 and supported inside the housing 2. A convex portion 20 provided on a cylindrical surface of the microphone unit support member 5 described later also in FIG. 3 is locked by a locking portion 10 protruding along the inner peripheral surface of the rear housing half 4. Further, the microphone unit support member 5 has the surface of the contact surface portion 21 shown in FIG. 3 in contact with the inner wall of the front housing half 3, and the locking portion 10 of the rear housing half 4 and the inner wall of the front housing half 3. It is positioned by being held between the two, and is fixed in the housing 2.

  In this example, the microphone unit support member 5 supports the microphone unit 1 in the housing 2 steadily and absorbs propagation noise caused by mechanical vibration from the external output cord 6 and the housing 2. Molded from resin.

  The front housing half 3 and the rear housing half 4 of the housing 2 are engaged to form the housing 2 by engaging the engaging portions 8 and 9 that protrude from the respective butting surfaces. . At this time, the butted portions of the front housing half 3 and the rear housing half 4 are sealed and fixed by a technique such as high-frequency heat welding.

  3 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of the microphone device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in which A is a state in which the microphone unit support member 5 is removed from the rear housing half 4, and B is a microphone in the rear housing half 4. The state which attached the unit support member 5 is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the microphone unit support member 5 has a hollow cylindrical shape inside corresponding to the opening shape of the rear housing half 4 and is formed in a substantially disk shape in the hollow portion. Unit 1 is stored. A predetermined number of, for example, three ventilation grooves 22 that are deeper than the height of the convex portion 20 provided along the cylindrical surface are formed in the peripheral portion of the microphone unit support member 5. Further, for example, four ventilation grooves 23 are formed in the contact surface portion 21 that is in contact with the inner wall of the front housing half 3 on the front surface (the ear canal side) of the microphone unit support member 5 in a substantially annular shape.

  When the microphone unit support member 5 having the above-described structure is housed in the rear housing half 4, a space is formed by the ventilation groove 22 formed on the periphery of the microphone unit support member 5 as shown in FIG. 3B. When the front housing half 3 is coupled to the rear housing half 4 from this state, a space is formed by the ventilation groove 23 between the microphone unit support member 5 and the inner wall of the front housing half 3.

  Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 2, the sound collecting portion 18 communicates with the external auditory canal 106 through the ventilation grooves 22 and 23 of the microphone unit support member 5 and the opening 12. That is, the sound wave transmitted from the sound emitting unit 107 a of the receiver 107 is collected into the housing 2 through the ventilation hole 19 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) of the sound collection unit 18 and is used for ventilation of the microphone unit support member 5. It is transmitted to the external auditory canal 106 through the grooves 22 and 23.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the front half of the front housing half 3 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape that is inserted into the external auditory canal 106 from the concave portion of the auricle 105 when attached to the concave portion of the auricle 105. The auricle insertion part 11 is projected integrally. The opening 12 formed in the auricle insertion part 11 functions as a sound emitting part that emits sound waves collected from outside into the housing 2 to the eardrum behind the ear canal 106, and vibration in the vocal cords is generated by the skull. It also functions as a sound collection unit that collects sound waves transmitted to the external auditory canal 106 by bone conduction transmitted through the front surface 1a of the microphone unit 1.

  An auricle attachment member 13 is attached to the front end side of the auricle insertion part 11 so as to surround an opening 12 formed in the auricle insertion part 11. The auricle attachment member 13 is curved so as to form an arc shape from the distal end side to the proximal end side of the attachment portion 14 and the attachment portion 14 to the auricle insertion portion 11 formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. And a folded elastic displacement portion 15. Then, the auricle mounting member 13 is engaged with an engagement recess 17 provided on the outer periphery near the distal end of the auricle insertion part 11 with an engagement protrusion 16 protruding from the inner periphery of the attachment part 14 on the proximal end side. By attaching, it is detachably attached to the auricle insertion part 11.

  When the auricle mounting member 13 is mounted on the auricle 105, the auricle mounting member 13 is easily elastically deformed according to the shape applied from the concave portion of the auricle 105 to the external auditory canal 106 to increase the degree of adhesion, and from the concave portion of the auricle 105 to the outer ear canal. In order to be able to seal 106, it is formed of an elastic material such as a soft resin such as silicon rubber.

  When the auricle mounting member 13 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is inserted into the auricle 105 and mounted, only the elastic displacement portion 15 is elastically deformed from the concave portion of the auricle 105 according to the shape of the external auditory canal 106. Since the external auditory canal 106 can be sealed from the concave portion of the auricle 105, only the elastic displacement portion 15 may be formed of a material that can be easily elastically deformed. Further, when the auricle mounting member 13 is integrally formed of the same material, the elastic displacement portion 15 may be formed thinner than the attachment portion 14 so as to be easily elastically deformable. It is convenient that the pinna mounting member 13 is easily detachable and several sizes are prepared in accordance with the diameter of the ear canal.

  In addition, the microphone device of the present example has a configuration in which the auricle insertion portion 11 is provided in the housing 2 and the auricle insertion member 13 is attached to the auricle insertion portion 11. The auricle attachment member 13 may be attached by directly fitting the attachment portion 14 to an opening formed on the front side of the partial housing half 3.

  In addition, if the auricle mounting member 13 can be easily elastically deformed from the concave portion of the auricle 105 according to the shape of the external auditory canal 106 and can seal the external ear canal 106 from the concave portion of the auricle 105, for example, an elastic member is used. Only what was formed in the cylinder shape may be sufficient.

  Further, when the microphone device main body is attached to the auricle 105, it is sufficient that the main body is in close contact with the outer ear canal wall and the outside of the main body is in communication with the outer ear canal 106. However, it is also conceivable that the auricle insertion part 11 is brought into contact with the inner wall of the external auditory canal 106 and brought into close contact therewith.

  Next, a case will be described in which the microphone device of this example is attached to the auricle and conversation recording is performed using a telephone having no side sound function. As shown in FIG. 2, the sound wave emitted from the sound emitting unit 107a of the receiver 107 that is opposed to the sound collecting unit 18 by the person wearing the microphone device on the auricle having a conversation is the sound collecting unit of the microphone device. 18 is taken into the housing 2 through a vent hole 19 formed in the hole 18. The sound waves collected in the housing 2 pass through the space between the ventilation groove 22 on the periphery of the microphone unit support member 5 and the inner wall of the housing 2 and the space between the ventilation groove 23 on the front surface of the microphone unit support member 5 and the inner wall of the housing 2. And reaches the front surface 1a of the microphone unit 1. Then, it passes through the space in the auricle insertion part 11 and reaches from the opening 12 to the ear canal 106 and further to the eardrum.

  With the above structure, the received sound from the other party is collected in the housing 2 of the microphone device through the sound emitting unit 107a of the receiver 107, and the collected received sound is collected by the microphone unit 1. It is converted into an electrical signal as a sound wave. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, an electric signal from the microphone unit 1 is input from an external output cord 6 to a microphone input of a tape recorder, an MD (mini disk) recording device or the like via a pin plug (not shown), and a recording circuit At 41, the received sound is recorded. The recording circuit 41 displayed in a black box is configured by a well-known technique, and performs signal processing required for recording, such as amplification processing of an input electric signal and analog / digital signal conversion processing.

  According to the microphone device having the above-described structure, the vent hole 19, the inside of the housing 2, and the opening portion 12 of the auricle insertion portion 11 that communicates with the ear canal 106 communicate with each other, so that the ear canal and the microphone are connected as in the conventional example (see FIG. 7). There is no need to leave a large gap with the housing of the device. Therefore, it is possible to suppress masking of small sound waves (bone conduction sound) transmitted from the external auditory canal 106 due to the reception sound that has passed through the housing 2 from the outside, and a sound in which the reception sound and the bone conduction sound are appropriately balanced. Sound can be collected with pressure.

  In addition, since the auricle wearing member 13 is in close contact with the wall surface of the ear canal 106, the microphone unit 1 can receive with high sensitivity the small sound waves transmitted from the vocal cords to the ear canal by bone conduction. Sensitive conversation recording can be realized easily.

  In addition, the received sound from the sound emitting portion 107 a of the receiver 107 passes through the housing 2 without being blocked by the housing 2 constituted by the front housing half 3 and the rear housing half 4, and is inserted into the auricle insertion portion 11. Therefore, the user can hear the received sound clearly while recording the conversation with the other party.

  Next, an example of another embodiment of the microphone device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The microphone device of this example has a structure in which a plurality of vent holes drilled in the sound collecting member of the example of FIG. 2 can be opened and closed. FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the microphone device of this example, FIG. 5A shows a state where the shutter of the shutter mechanism provided in the sound collection unit is closed, and FIG. 5B shows a state where the shutter is opened. 5A and 5B, parts corresponding to those in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the sound collecting portion 24 provided in the rear housing half 4 of the microphone device includes a fixing portion 25 having a plurality of holes 25a and a shutter having a plurality of holes 26a. The movable part 26 is a pair of mechanisms. 5A shows a state where the shutter is closed, but the movable portion 26 can be moved by pinching the knob 26b with a hand and moving it in the direction of the arrow. FIG. 5B shows a state in which the movable portion 26 is moved so that the hole 25a of the fixed portion 25 and the hole 26a of the movable portion 26 correspond to each other, and the inside and outside of the housing 2 communicate with each other through a vent hole formed by the holes 25a and 26a. .

  As shown in the example of FIG. 5, by providing a shutter mechanism that can block communication between the outside of the microphone device and the external auditory canal, various types of usage are possible depending on the purpose of use. For example, when a user records a received sound using this microphone device, when the shutter is closed as shown in FIG. 5A, the sound wave from the outside can be blocked and only the voice of the user can be collected.

  When the shutter is opened as shown in FIG. 5B, the user's voice can be blocked and only sound waves from the outside can be collected. Alternatively, a usage method such as adjusting the opening degree of the air holes 25a and 26a according to the balance between the sound pressure of the sound wave from the outside and the sound wave obtained by bone conduction is also possible, and it suits the purpose of use. Appropriate sound collection. In addition, this example has the same effects as the example of FIG.

  In the examples of the above-described embodiments, the microphone unit support member has a structure in which sound waves collected from the outside are passed through the space formed between the peripheral portion and the front surface of the microphone unit and the groove and the housing. If the unit support member 5 has a sufficient size, a method of forming a space through which sound waves can pass by directly providing a hole for sound wave passage in the microphone unit support member 5 is also conceivable. The number and shape of the ventilation grooves and holes formed in the microphone unit support are preferably determined in consideration of the frequency characteristics of the sound waves collected by the microphone unit 1 and the sound pressure.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various other configurations can be taken without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1 is an overall perspective view of an example of an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the example of one embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the principal part of the example of 1 embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic circuit block diagram of the example of one embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the example of other embodiment of this invention. It is a whole perspective view with which it uses for description of a prior art example. It is sectional drawing with which it uses for description of a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Microphone unit, 1a ... Front surface, 2 ... Housing, 3 ... Front housing half body, 4 ... Rear housing half body, 5 ... Microphone unit support member, 6 ... External output cord, 7 ... Cord holding part, 8, 9 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Engagement part, 10 ... Locking part, 11 ... Auricle insertion part, 12 ... Opening part, 13 ... Auricle mounting member, 14 ... Attachment part, 15 ... Elastic displacement part, 16 ... Engagement protrusion, 17 ... Engaging recess, 18 ... sound collecting part, 19 ... vent hole, 20 ... peripheral edge, 21 ... contact surface part, 22, 23 ... ventilation groove

Claims (2)

A microphone device including a housing in which a microphone unit that converts air conduction sound and bone conduction sound into an electrical signal is housed,
The housing includes a sound collecting part having a plurality of air holes for collecting sound waves from the outside, and
A substantially cylindrical auricle insertion portion that communicates the inside of the housing and the external auditory canal facing the sound collection portion across the microphone unit ;
An auricle wearing member having elasticity provided in an opening of the auricle insertion part;
A microphone unit support member fixed to the housing and formed of a soft resin that supports the microphone unit;
Between the microphone unit support member and the housing, there is a ventilation groove for the collected sound wave to reach the auricle insertion part,
When the auricle insertion part is inserted into the external auditory canal and the housing is attached to the auricle, the outside of the auricle and the external auditory canal are passed through the ventilation hole, the ventilation groove inside the housing, and the auricle insertion part. A microphone device characterized in that is in communication. The microphone device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of ventilation holes of the housing have a structure that blocks sound waves from the outside.

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